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Genitalic Studies of Amerila Eugenia (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) from Karnataka, India

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Genitalic Studies of Amerila Eugenia (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) from Karnataka, India JoTT SHORT COMMUNI C ATION 4(2): 2398–2401 Genitalic studies of Amerila eugenia (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) from Karnataka, India Navneet Singh 1 & Jagbir Singh 2 1 Zoological Survey of India, GPRC, Road No 11-D, Rajendernagar, Patna, Bihar 800016, India 2 Department of Zoology and Environmental Studies, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India Email: 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected] Abstract: In this manuscript, external male and female genitalic (1894) synonymised the genus Amerila Walker under characters of Amerila eugenia (Fabricius) have been studied and illustrated for the first time. Besides this, a dichotomous key for Pelochyta Hübner and later on Hampson (1901) treated the separation of all four Indian species of this genus has been Amerila under Rhodogastria Hübner. Strand (1919) provided. catalogued five species under Rhodogastria Hübner, Keywords: Amerila Walker, Arctiidae, dichotomous key, eugenia i.e., astreus (Drury), eugenia (Fabricius), omissa (Fabricius), external genitalia, Lepidoptera. Rothschild, rhodopa (Walker) and phaedra (Weymer) from India. However, Hampson (1920) restricted R. Genus Amerila was proposed by Walker in 1855 phaedra (Weymer) to East Africa, thus, leaving four for its type species astreus Drury from Bengal, Indian species under the genus Rhodogastria. Watson India. It is a diverse old world tropical genus with et al. (1980) accepted Amerila Walker as a valid generic distinctive facies such as shape of fore wing margin; name and mentioned that the correct type species of small hind wings, with (in males) modified scales Rhodogastria Hübner & Amerila Walker are Phalaena along the rather produced tornus; general colouration amasis Cramer, and Sphinx astreus Drury, respectively. is white, pale pinkish-brown or dark brown with areas Whereas, Arora & Chaudhary (1982) again referred of pink on the abdomen and the legs; antennae with to Strand (1919) and reassigned astreus Drury to the more (80) segments (Holloway 1988). Hampson genus Rhodogastria along with the confirmation of five Indian species under it. On the other hand, Koda (1987) described the male and female genitalic attributes of Date of publication (online): 26 February 2012 Date of publication (print): 26 February 2012 astreus (Drury) and studied it under the genus Amerila. ISSN 0974-7907 (online) | 0974-7893 (print) The same nomenclature was followed by Holloway Editor: P.C. Pathania (1988). Häuser & Boppré (1997) restricted the species Manuscript details: A. phaedra Weymer to East and South Africa. Singh Ms # o2942 & Singh (1999) added another species i.e. Amerila Received 08 September 2011 Final received 30 December 2011 arthusbertrandi (Guérin-Méneville) to the Indian Finally accepted 19 January 2012 fauna, once again, raising the number of species under Citation: Singh, N. & J. Singh (2012). Genitalic studies of Amerila eugenia Amerila to five. But this species seems to be a wrong (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) from Karnataka, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 4(2): 2398–2401. identification ofAmerila omissa (Rothschild). Recently Copyright: © Navneet Singh & Jagbir Singh 2012. Creative Commons Dubatolov (2010)reassigned the previously known four Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article in any medium for non-profit purposes, reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication. 1A - First anal vein; 2A - Second anal vein; AED Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Dr. Honey Martin, Abbreviations: Lepidoptera section, Natural History Museum (NHM), London for - Aedeagus; ANT.APO - Anterior apophyses; CO - Costa; CRN- providing photographs of types of Amerila eugenia (Fabricius) and Amerila Cornuti; CRP.BU - Corpus bursae; CU - Cucullus; CU1 - First rhodopa Walker which helped in identification. We are thankful to Dr. cubital vein; CU2 - Second cubital vein; DU.BU - Ductus bursae; K.Venkataraman, Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata for providing DU.EJ- Ductus ejaculatorius; HRP - Harpe; JX - Juxta; M1 - First necessary facilities. Dr. V.V. Dubatolov of Siberian Zoological Museum, median vein; M2 - Second median vein; M3 - Third median vein; Novosibirsk, Russia also gave his kind suggestions in identification of A. PAP.A - Papilla Analis; PO.APO - Posterior apophyses; R - First eugenia (Fabricius) and A. rhodopa Walker. The financial help provided by 1 radial vein; R - Second radial vein; R - Third radial vein; R - Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New 2 3 4 Delhi in the form of a major research project entitled ‘‘Taxonomic revision Fourth radial vein; R5 - Fifth radial vein; RS - Radial Sector; SA - of Indian Arctiidae (Lepidoptera)’’ is duly acknowledged. Saccus; SC - Subcosta; SC+R1 - Stalk of SC + R1; SIG - Signum; SL - Sacculus; TG - Tegumen; UN - Uncus; VES - Vesica; VIN OPEN ACCESS | FREE DOWNLOAD - Vinculum; VLA - Valvula; VLV - Valva. 2398 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | February 2012 | 4(2): 2398–2401 Genitalic studies of Amerila eugenia N. Singh & J. Singh species to the Indian Amerila. Afr. Mus. 2: 60 (cited as astreas). In the present work, the external male and female Distribution: India, Old world tropics, Africa and genitalia of A. eugenia (Fabricius) has been studied and Australia (Hampson 1894; Holloway 1988). illustrated for the first time. In addition to this, the other Diagnosis: Labial palpi upturned; antennae simple three Indian species of the genus Amerila were also in both sexes with more segments (80); forewing with interpreted in respect to their external morphological vein R3 & R4 anastomoses to form short areole, R2 & characters, which revealed that A. astreus (Drury) and A. R5 from areole, M2 & M3 from lower angle of cell; omissa (Rothschild) are easily separable, but A. eugenia hindwing small with vein Rs & M1 originating from (Fabricius) and A. rhodopa Walker are morphologically upper angle of cell, Cu1 before lower angle of cell; similar, which can only be separated by the slightly hind tibia with two pair of spurs; male genitalia with different colour of their abdomen. From the literature uncus short, vinculum u-shaped, saccus present, valve (Rothschild 1914; Hampson 1920) it is also clear that rounded, harpe hook/plough-like, outer wall of valve the area of distribution of both these species is almost bears a retractile scent lobe, juxta divided into a dorsal similar. Therefore, the examination of external male plate and a ventral pocket, aedeagus short and broad with and female genitalia of A. rhodopa Walker is of utmost tubular vesica bearing two cornuti, ductus ejaculatorius importance for further review of both these species. A entering sub apically; female genitalia with corpus dichotomous key to all the four Indian species of the bursae membranous, signa present, basal half of ductus genus Amerila Walker has also been formulated and bursae sclerotized and second half membranous. included. Amerila eugenia (Fabricius) Materials and Methods (Image 1) The members of the genus Amerila Walker were Noctua eugenia Fabricius, 1794, Ent. Syst. 3(2): exclusively collected with the help of light traps 19–20. (equipped with mercury bulb) at night. The collected Rhodogastria fraterna Moore, 1884, Trans. Ent. moths were euthanized in glass jars, fumigated with Soc. Lond. 1884: 356. ethyl acetate vapours. The dead specimens were Rhodogastria astreas (Drury), Hampson, 1901, Cat. preserved in ento boxes, fumigated with napethalene Lep. Het., 3: 504. balls. Identification was done with the help of literature Rhodogastria eugenia (Fabricius), Rothschild, 1914, and confirmed by comparison with the photographs The Macrolepidoptera of the World, 10: 236–263. of types received from the Natural History Museum Rhodogastria eugenia (Fabricius), Hampson, 1920, (NHM), London. For the preparation of permanent Cat. Lep. Het., 2: 529. slides of fore and hind wings, the method proposed by Amerila eugenia (Fabricius), Dubatolove, 2010, Common (1970) and advocated by Zimmerman (1978) Neue Ent. Nach., 65: 1–106 was followed. For the study of external male and female genitalia, the methodology given by Robinson (1976) Material examined: Two males, 14.x.03, was followed. The diagrams of genitalia were drawn Ganeshgudi, Karnataka, 480m; one female, 2.x.05, with the help of a graph eye piece fitted in a stereo zoom Malshej Ghat, Karnataka, 690m. ex. light trap, coll. binocular on graph paper and was photographed with Navneet Singh and J.S. Kirti. the help of a Leica stereo-microscope equipped digital Adult description: Male 52mm; female 52mm. camera. The terminology given by Klots (1970) has Vertex and frons whitish, spotted with black. Antennae been followed in the present study for nomenclature simple in both sexes, scape light crimson, flagella purposes. brown. Labial palpi upturned, irrorated with crimson scale, extremity of each segment with a black band, Observations underside white. Collar and tegula white with black Genus Amerila Walker spots. Thorax with white and black spots. Abdomen Walker 1855, List Spec. Lep. Ins. Colln. Br. Mus. 3: 725. crimson, proximal half of first segment white, lateral Type species: Sphinx astreus Drury, 1773, by and sub lateral series of black spots, underside white. subsequent designation by Hampson, 1900a; Ann. S. Forewing with ground colour whitish opaque, two Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | February 2012 | 4(2): 2398–2401 2399 Genitalic studies of Amerila eugenia N. Singh & J. Singh X1.0 SC+R1 R R Rs Sc 1 2 R 3 M1 M2 R4 M3 R5 CU1 M1 CU2 M2 M3 B CU1 CU A 2 1A 1A 2mm 2mm 2A UN PAP.A CRN VLV TG VES ANT.APO PO.APO DU.BU 1mm AED JX CRP.BU SIG C D I VIN DU.EJ G 1mm SA 1mm VLA HRP SL F CU CO E 1mm J H Image 1. Amerila eugenia (Fabricius). A - Forewing; B - Hindwing; C & H - Male genitalia; D - Aedeagus; E - Valva (right); F - Uncus with Tegumen (lateral view); G & I - Female genitalia; J- from left to right: fore leg, mid leg & hind leg. 2400 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | February 2012 | 4(2): 2398–2401 Genitalic studies of Amerila eugenia N. Singh & J.
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