382 Genus Hypolimnas Huebner
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 550, Proc
Proceeding ICMA-SURE – 2020 The 3rd International Conference On Multidisciplinary Approaches For Sustainable Rural Development Distinguishing two morphologically similar species of Asteraceae using a chloroplast DNA marker A H Susanto*1 and M Dwiati1 1 Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia * Email: [email protected] Abstract. Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn and Calyptocarpus vialis Less are members of Asteraceae family that morphologically show high similarities. To genetically distinguish between them, a particular molecular marker should be employed. This study aims to present molecular comparison between both species using a chloroplast DNA marker, i.e. atpB – rbcL IGS. A pair of PCR universal primers was used to amplify the marker. Sequence alignment on the PCR products reveals longer S. nodiflora sequence in comparison to that of C. vialis. In addition, some transversions and transitions are also observed. This suggests that the two species exhibit considerable genetic difference despite their similar phenotypic appearance. 1. Introduction Many members of Asteraceae family are recognized for their potentials as ornamental, medicinal, and economic plants[1]. On the other hand, some others are known as invasive weeds[2], resulting in significant loss on several crops with respect to productivity[3]. Some species of Asteraceae family show very high phenotypical similarities causing difficulty in differentiating them from each other. For example, Calyptocarpus vialis Less has ever been identified as Synedrella vialis (Less.) A. Gray due to its high resemblance to Synedrella nodiflora[4]. Nevertheless, S. vialis is now changed into C. vialis [5] and this is the scientifically accepted name for the species, while S. -
119 Genus Amauris Huebner
AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES 17th edition (2018). MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Genus Amauris Hübner, [1816] In: Hübner, [1816-[1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 14 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio niavius Linnaeus, by subsequent designation (Scudder, 1875. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 108 (91-293).). The genus Amauris belongs to the Family Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815; Subfamily Danainae Boisduval, 1833; Tribe Danaini Boisduval, 1833; Subtribe Amaurina Le Cerf, 1922. Amauris is the only Afrotropical genus in the Subtribe Amaurina. Amauris is an exclusively Afrotropical genus containing 16 species. Relevant literature: De Vries, 2002 [Differential wing toughness with other taxa]. Amauris species. Final instar larva. Images courtesy Raimund Schutte Amauris species. Pupa. 1 Image courtesy Raimund Schutte Subgenus Amauris Hübner, [1816] In: Hübner, [1816-26]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 14 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio niavius Linnaeus, by subsequent designation (Scudder, 1875. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 108 (91-293).). *Amauris (Amauris) niavius (Linnaeus, 1758)# Friar Male of the Friar Butterfly (Amauris niavius) at Lake Sibaya, Zululand. Image courtesy Steve Woodhall. Papilio niavius Linnaeus, 1758. Systema Naturae 1, Regnum Animale, 10th edition: 470 (824 pp.). Holmiae. Amauris (Amauris) niavius (Linnaeus, 1758). Pringle et al., 1994: 48. Amauris niavius niavius. Male (Wingspan 75 mm). Left -
309 Genus Amauris Huebner
AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES. MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Updated 27 February 2021 Genus Amauris Hübner, [1816] Friars In: Hübner, [1816-[1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 14 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio niavius Linnaeus, by subsequent designation (Scudder, 1875. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 108 (91-293).). The genus Amauris belongs to the Family Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815; Subfamily Danainae Boisduval, 1833; Tribe Danaini Boisduval, 1833; Subtribe Amaurina Le Cerf, 1922. Amauris is the only Afrotropical genus in the Subtribe Amaurina. Amauris (Friars) is an exclusively Afrotropical genus containing 17 species. Relevant literature: De Vries, 2002 [Differential wing toughness with other taxa]. Amauris species. Final instar larva. Images courtesy Raimund Schutte 1 Amauris species. Pupa. Image courtesy Raimund Schutte Subgenus Amauris Hübner, [1816] In: Hübner, [1816-26]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 14 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio niavius Linnaeus, by subsequent designation (Scudder, 1875. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 108 (91-293).). *Amauris (Amauris) niavius (Linnaeus, 1758)# Giant Friar Male of the Friar Butterfly (Amauris niavius) at Lake Sibaya, Zululand. Image courtesy Steve Woodhall. Papilio niavius Linnaeus, 1758. Systema Naturae 1, Regnum Animale, 10th edition: 470 (824 pp.). Holmiae. Amauris (Amauris) niavius (Linnaeus, 1758). Pringle et al., 1994: 48. Amauris niavius niavius. -
Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group GAJAH
NUMBER 46 2017 GAJAHJournal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group GAJAH Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group Number 46 (2017) The journal is intended as a medium of communication on issues that concern the management and conservation of Asian elephants both in the wild and in captivity. It is a means by which everyone concerned with the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), whether members of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group or not, can communicate their research results, experiences, ideas and perceptions freely, so that the conservation of Asian elephants can benefit. All articles published in Gajah reflect the individual views of the authors and not necessarily that of the editorial board or the Asian Elephant Specialist Group. Editor Dr. Jennifer Pastorini Centre for Conservation and Research 26/7 C2 Road, Kodigahawewa Julpallama, Tissamaharama Sri Lanka e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Dr. Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz Dr. Prithiviraj Fernando School of Geography Centre for Conservation and Research University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus 26/7 C2 Road, Kodigahawewa Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Kajang, Selangor Julpallama, Tissamaharama Malaysia Sri Lanka e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Dr. Varun R. Goswami Heidi Riddle Wildlife Conservation Society Riddles Elephant & Wildlife Sanctuary 551, 7th Main Road P.O. Box 715 Rajiv Gandhi Nagar, 2nd Phase, Kodigehall Greenbrier, Arkansas 72058 Bengaluru - 560 097 USA India e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Dr. T. N. C. Vidya -
Phylogenetic Relationships and Historical Biogeography of Tribes and Genera in the Subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKBIJBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 0024-4066The Linnean Society of London, 2005? 2005 862 227251 Original Article PHYLOGENY OF NYMPHALINAE N. WAHLBERG ET AL Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 86, 227–251. With 5 figures . Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) NIKLAS WAHLBERG1*, ANDREW V. Z. BROWER2 and SÖREN NYLIN1 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–2907, USA Received 10 January 2004; accepted for publication 12 November 2004 We infer for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of genera and tribes in the ecologically and evolutionarily well-studied subfamily Nymphalinae using DNA sequence data from three genes: 1450 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 1077 bp of elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-a) and 400–403 bp of wing- less (both in the nuclear genome). We explore the influence of each gene region on the support given to each node of the most parsimonious tree derived from a combined analysis of all three genes using Partitioned Bremer Support. We also explore the influence of assuming equal weights for all characters in the combined analysis by investigating the stability of clades to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. We find many strongly supported and stable clades in the Nymphalinae. We are also able to identify ‘rogue’ -
Frequent Flyers
SPOTTER’S What can you spot in the GUIDE Butterfly House today? Frequent Flyers... Large tree Glasswing nymph Blue clipper Greta oto Idea leuconoe Parthenos sylvia lilacinus Central and South America Asia Southeast Asia The glasswing lacks wing Large tree nymphs are also The clipper has a range of scales in parts, giving known as ‘paper kites’ due to background colours, ranging them transparent wings their slow and graceful flight. from brown to blue – which which help them to avoid colours can you see today? being eaten. Blue morpho Great eggfly Owl butterfly Morpho peleides Hypolimnas bolina Caligo eurilochus Central and South America Southeast Asia Central and South America The iridescence on their Great eggfly butterflies are Their large eye spots act as a blue wings is created by not toxic. Females mimic deterrent to predators - they their wing-scales acting the wing pattern of the toxic could be the eyes of a much like prisms, refracting and common crow butterfly, larger creature. reflecting light. so they appear toxic and predators don’t attack them. SPOTTER’S What can you spot in the GUIDE Butterfly House today? Frequent Flyers... Great orange-tip Red lacewing Atlas moth Hebomoia glaucippe Cethosia biblis Attacus atlas Southeast Asia India and Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, Philippines Great orange-tips often rest Red lacewings lay their eggs The atlas moth is the largest with their wings closed to on passionflower plants as moth in the world, but once hide their orange colouration, the caterpillars eat the leaves they emerge they only live for using their ‘dead-leaf’ when they hatch. -
And Ford, I; Ford, '953) on the Other Hand Have Put Forward a View Intermediate Between the Extreme Ones of Darwin on the One Hand and Goldschmidt on the Other
THE EVOLUTION OF MIMICRY IN THE BUTTERFLY PAPILIO DARDANUS C. A. CLARKE and P. M. SHEPPARD Departments of Medicine and Zoology, University of Liverpool Received23.V.59 1.INTRODUCTION WHENBatesputforward the mimicry hypothesis which bears his name, Darwin (1872), although accepting it, had some difficulty in explaining the evolution of the mimetic resemblance of several distinct species to one distasteful model by a series of small changes, a require- ment of his general theory of evolution. He said "it is necessary to suppose in some cases that ancient members belonging to several distinct groups, before they had diverged to their present extent, accidentally resembled a member of another and protected group in a sufficient degree to afford some slight protection; this having given the basis for the subsequent acquisition of the most perfect resemb- lance ". Punnett (1915) realised that the difficulty is even more acute when one is dealing with a polymorphic species whose forms mimic very distantly related models. Knowing that, in those butterflies which had been investigated genetically, the forms differed by single allelomorphs he concluded that the mimicry did not evolve gradually and did not confer any advantage or disadvantage to the individual. He argued that an allelomorph arises at a single step by mutation and that therefore the mimicry also arises by chance at a single step. Goldschmidt (x) although not denying that mimicry confers some advantage to its possessors also maintained that the resemblance arises fully perfected by a single mutation of a gene distinct from that producing the colour pattern in the model, but producing a similar effect in the mimic. -
Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1 • I / i PROCEEDINGS AMERICAN ACADEMY ARTS AND SCIENCES. NEW SERIES. Vol. IX. WHOLE SERIES. Vol. XVII. FROM JUNE, 1881, TO JUNE, 1882. SELECTED FROM THE RECORDS. BOSTON: UNIVERSITY PRESS: JOHN WILSON AND SON. 1882. X fi^ CONTENTS. PAQE I. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard College. By Josiah Parsons Cooke 1 II. On the Spectrum of Arsenic. By Oliver W. Huntington 35 III. Thermoelectricity. — Peltier and Thomson Effects. By Charles Bingham Penrose 39 IV. Thermoelectric Line of Copper and Nickel below 0°. By Charles Bingham Penrose 47 V. Crystalline Form of Cryolite. By W. H. Melville ... 55 VI. Researches on the Complex Inorganic Acids. Phospho-molyb- dates. By Wolcott Gibbs, M.D . 62 VII. An Indirect Determination of Chlorine and Bromine by Elec- trolysis. By' Leonard P. Kixnicutt 91 VIII. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Col- lege. By Charles F. Mabery 94 "^ IX. On Certain Substances obtainedfrom Turmeric. — I. Curcumin. By C. Loring Jackson and A. E. Menke 110 X. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Col- lege. By Henry B. Hill 125 XI. XV. — Simple Method for Calibrating T'hermometers. By Silas W. Holman 157 XII. Contributions to North American Botany. By Asa Gray . 163 XIII. The Wedge Photometer. By Edward C. Pickering . 231 XIV. On the Color and the Pattern of Insects. By Dr. II. A. Hagen 234 IV CONTENTS. PAGE XV. On Telephoning over long Distances or through Cables. By N. D. C. Hodges 268 XVI. On the Young Stages of some Osseous Fishes. With Plates. By Alexander Agassiz 271 XVII. XVI. -
Check-List of the Butterflies of the Kakamega Forest Nature Reserve in Western Kenya (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea)
Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 25 (4): 161–174 (2004) 161 Check-list of the butterflies of the Kakamega Forest Nature Reserve in western Kenya (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) Lars Kühne, Steve C. Collins and Wanja Kinuthia1 Lars Kühne, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; email: [email protected] Steve C. Collins, African Butterfly Research Institute, P.O. Box 14308, Nairobi, Kenya Dr. Wanja Kinuthia, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya Abstract: All species of butterflies recorded from the Kaka- list it was clear that thorough investigation of scientific mega Forest N.R. in western Kenya are listed for the first collections can produce a very sound list of the occur- time. The check-list is based mainly on the collection of ring species in a relatively short time. The information A.B.R.I. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi). Furthermore records from the collection of the National density is frequently underestimated and collection data Museum of Kenya (Nairobi), the BIOTA-project and from offers a description of species diversity within a local literature were included in this list. In total 491 species or area, in particular with reference to rapid measurement 55 % of approximately 900 Kenyan species could be veri- of biodiversity (Trueman & Cranston 1997, Danks 1998, fied for the area. 31 species were not recorded before from Trojan 2000). Kenyan territory, 9 of them were described as new since the appearance of the book by Larsen (1996). The kind of list being produced here represents an information source for the total species diversity of the Checkliste der Tagfalter des Kakamega-Waldschutzge- Kakamega forest. -
Download Full-Text
Research in Zoology 2015, 5(2): 32-37 DOI: 10.5923/j.zoology.20150502.02 First Records of Butterfly Diversity on Two Remote Islands on the Volta Lake of Ghana, the Largest Reservoir by Total Surface Area in the World Daniel Opoku Agyemang1, Daniel Acquah-Lamptey1,*, Roger Sigismond Anderson2, Rosina Kyerematen1,2 1Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana 2African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Abstract The construction of the Akosombo Dam in Ghana for hydroelectric energy led to the creation of many islands on the Volta Lake. The biological diversity on these islands is unknown and so a rapid assessment was conducted in January 2014 as part as a region wide assessment to determine the butterfly diversity on two of these islands, Biobio and Agbasiagba. Diversity indices were computed for both islands using the Shannon-Weiner index, Margalef’s index for richness and Whittaker’s index for comparison of diversity between the two islands. A total of eight hundred and eighty-one (881) individual butterflies representing forty-five (45) species belonging to eight (8) families were recorded during the study. Thirty-nine (39) species of butterflies were recorded on Biobio island whiles twenty-eight (28) species were recorded on Agbasiagba. This was expected as the larger islands are expected to support more species than smaller ones, with Biobio island being relatively bigger than Agbasiagba. The shared species of butterflies on both islands were twenty-two (22) representing 48.9% of the total species accumulated. Indicator species like Junonia oenone, Danaus chrysippus and Papilio demodocus were also recorded indicating the degraded floral quality of the Islands. -
The Mariana Eight Spot Butterfly, Hypolimnas Octocula Marianensis
Draft in preparation for submission to Micronesica The Mariana Eight Spot Buttery, Hypolimnas octocula marianensis Aubrey Moore November 10, 2013 Hypolimnas octocula marianensis Fruhstorfer 1912, commonly referred to as the Mariana eight spot buttery or the Mariana forest icker, is a subspecies of nymphalid buttery recorded only from the islands of Guam and Saipan in the Mariana Islands. Because of its rarity and limited distribution, this subspecies became a candidate for listing under the United States Endangered Species Act in 1997. The objective of this article is to review what is currently known about this rare subspecies. 1 Taxonomy Hypolimnas octocula is one of four species of nymphalid butteries inhabiting the Mariana Islands including H. bolina, H. anomola, and Vagrans egistina. H. bolina and H. anomola are common. However, V. egistina is very rare, not having been observed since the 1970s (Schreiner and Nafus, 1997). As with H. octocula marianensis, V. egistina became a candidate for listing under the United States Endangered Species Act in 1997. The subspecies Hypolimnas octocula marianensis was described by Fruhstorfer(1912). The parent species, Hypolimnas octocula was described under the name Diadema octocula by Butler in 1869. In addition to H. o. marianensis, there are several other subspecies occupying islands of Palau, Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Loyalties, Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa (Samson 1986). Samson(1986) revised the Hypolimnas octocula complex. He split the group into two species, H. octocula and H. arakalulk. In H. arakalulk, he placed only two subspecies, both from Micronesia: H. arakalulk marianensis from the Marianas and H. arakalulk arakalulk for Palau. -
AGIDE Final Report
COMPTE RENDU FINAL D’EXECUTION DE PROJET I. INFORMATIONS DE BASE Nom de l’organisation : Association pour la Gestion Intégrée et Durable de l'Environnement (AGIDE) Adresses Siège social : Tsévié, Préfecture de Zio, Région maritime, TOGO B.P. 149 Tsévié – TOGO Cel. :(00228) 909 05 84 E-mail : [email protected] Antennes : Kpalimé, Préfecture de Kloto, Région des plateaux E-mail : [email protected] Titre du projet : Inventory of Butterflies in the Missahoe Classified Forest in Togo, Upper Guinea Forest II. REMARQUES PRÉALABLES 1 – Présentation sommaire du Togo Situé dans la sous région Ouest africaine, le Togo est un petit pays effilé coincé entre le Bénin à l’Est et le Ghana à l’Ouest. Il est limité au Nord par le Burkina Faso et au Sud par le Golfe de Guinée. Sa superficie est de 56 600 km2. La population est de 4 500 000 habitants avec une densité moyenne de 25 habitants / Km2. La proportion de la femme est de 62%. La zone guinéenne du Togo qui comprend les régions Maritimes et des Plateaux compte 76,6% de pauvre dont 65,5% extrêmement pauvre1. Sur le plan économique, l’évolution du PIB par habitant du Togo en général a progressivement baissé depuis les années 1997 à la suite de la situation socio politique du pays, jointe aux problèmes climatiques qui ont eu des impacts négatifs sur la flore, la faune et la production agricole2. En vue de freiner la pression anthropique sur les ressources naturelles et réduire la pauvreté des populations tributaires des ressources animales et végétales, les divers programme de développement3 proposent dans leur plan d’action, le développement des activités génératrices de revenus afin d’orienter les activités de ces exploitants.