DOCSLIB.ORG

A 3 Gyr White Dwarf with Warm Dust Discovered Via the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Citizen Science Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A 3 Gyr White Dwarf with Warm Dust Discovered Via the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Citizen Science Project Draft version February 20, 2019 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 A 3 Gyr White Dwarf with Warm Dust Discovered via the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Citizen Science Project John H. Debes,1 Melina Thevenot,´ 2 Marc J. Kuchner,3 Adam J. Burgasser,4 Adam C. Schneider,5 Aaron M. Meisner,6 Jonathan Gagne´,7 Jacqueline K. Faherty,8 Jon M. Rees,4 Michaela Allen,2 Dan Caselden,2 Michael Cushing,9 John Wisniewski,10 Katelyn Allers,11 The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration,2 and The Disk Detective Collaboration12 1Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA 2Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 3NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 4Department of Physics, Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, Mail Code 0424, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0424 USA 5School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85282, USA 6National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA∗ 7Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Universit de Montral, 2900 Boulevard douard-MontpetitMontral, QC Canada H3T 1J4 8Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024, USA 9Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Toledo, Mail Stop 113, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, USA 10Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma, 440 W. Brooks St., Norman, OK 73019 11Physics and Astronomy Department, Bucknell University, 701 Moore Ave, Lewisburg, PA 17837 Norman, OK 73019 12Disk Detective ABSTRACT Infrared excesses due to dusty disks have been observed orbiting white dwarfs with effective tem- peratures between 7200 K and 25000 K, suggesting that the rate of tidal disruption of minor bodies massive enough to create a coherent disk declines sharply beyond 1 Gyr after white dwarf formation. We report the discovery that the candidate white dwarf LSPM J0207+3331, via the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 citizen science project and Keck Observatory follow-up spectroscopy, is hydrogen-dominated with a luminous compact disk (LIR/L?=14%) and an effective temperature nearly 1000 K cooler than any known white dwarf with an infrared excess. The discovery of this object places the latest time for large scale tidal disruption events to occur at ∼3 Gyr past the formation of the host white dwarf, mak- ing new demands of dynamical models for planetesimal perturbation and disruption around post main sequence planetary systems. Curiously, the mid-IR photometry of the disk cannot be fully explained by a geometrically thin, optically thick dust disk as seen for other dusty white dwarfs, but requires a second ring of dust near the white dwarf's Roche radius. In the process of confirming this discovery, we found that careful measurements of WISE source positions can reveal when infrared excesses for white dwarfs are co-moving with their hosts, helping distinguish them from confusion noise. Keywords: white dwarfs | planetary systems | circumstellar matter | stars:individual(LSPM J0207+3331) 1. INTRODUCTION (von Hippel et al. 2007; Debes et al. 2011; Barber et al. arXiv:1902.07073v1 [astro-ph.SR] 19 Feb 2019 White dwarfs with infrared excesses hold critical clues 2014; Bonsor et al. 2017). These disks are believed to to the long term evolution and chemistry of minor bodies be caused by the tidal disruption of rocky bodies that in orbit around stars outside the Solar System. About then accrete onto the surface of the host white dwarf 1-4% of white dwarfs have detectable infrared excesses (Debes, & Sigurdsson 2002; Jura 2003). Since white due to geometrically flat and optically thick dust disks dwarfs are sensitive probes to the accretion of material, the atomic abundance of the dust is revealed through spectroscopy of the white dwarf photosphere (Zucker- Corresponding author: John H. Debes man et al. 2007). Nearly 25-50% of white dwarfs show [email protected] dust accretion, implying that most white dwarfs have ∗ Hubble Fellow some flux of rocky bodies entering within their tidal dis- 2 Debes et al. ruption radius over their cooling lifetime (Koester et al. 10-3 2014; Hollands et al. 2018). While very old white dwarfs show photospheric evidence of dust accretion, dusty in- frared excesses have previously only been seen around white dwarfs with Teff >7000 K or a cooling age of 10-4 ∼1 Gyr (Farihi et al. 2008; Barber et al. 2014). (Jy) ν We report the discovery that the high proper motion F object and candidate white darf, LSPM J0207+3331, 10-5 has a hydrogen dominated atmosphere with an in- frared excess. L´epine, & Shara(2005) first identi- fied LSPM J0207+3331 as a high proper motion ob- 1 10 ject, and Gentile Fusillo et al.(2019) identified it as Wavelength (µm) a candidate white dwarf (WDJ020733.81+333129.53) with T =5790 and log g=8.06 if it had a hydrogen- Figure 1. Spectral Energy Distribution of the eff LSPM J0207+3331 system. Black squares represent GALEX dominated atmosphere. We show through the construc- NUV, Pan-STARRS griz, 2MASS, and AllWISE photome- tion of a multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution try. The gray lines represent the NIRES spectra. Overplot- (SED) that it possesses a Teff =6120 K and hosts a ted are the predicted flux densities from our best fit white strong infrared excess with LIR/L? ∼0.13, consistent dwarf photometric model, and a comparable model from a with a significant amount of dust filling the region inte- publically available grid of DA spectra (Koester 2010; Trem- rior to the Roche disruption radius of the white dwarf. blay, & Bergeron 2009). The independent identification that this object was a white dwarf and the discovery of the infrared excess 1b epoch data for either the WISE or NEOWISE pho- were made by citizen scientists of the Backyard Worlds: tometry (Wright et al. 2010). Both photometry taken in Planet 9 citizen science project. This project is pri- 2010/2011 during WISE's main mission and over the 3.5 marily designed to discover high proper motion WISE years of NEOWISE epochs were consistent within the sources, with a focus on finding nearby brown dwarfs uncertainties, and thus we average the W 1/W 2 magni- and new planets in the outer solar system (Kuchner et al. tudes between the missions (Mainzer et al. 2011, 2014). 2017). The project's volunteers identify high proper mo- We also obtained GALEX NUV photometry (Bianchi et tion sources by viewing flipbooks of four different epochs al. 2014), g; r; i; z photometry from the Pan-Starrs PS1 of unsmoothed WISE images (Meisner et al. 2018) at catalog (Chambers et al. 2016), and NIR photometry a Zooniverse website (www.backyardworlds.org). They from 2MASS (Cutri et al. 2003). A table of all photom- have also developed their own online tools for interro- etry obtained is listed in Table1. gating the WISE data (Caselden et al. 2018). In additon to photometry, we obtained medium- In x2 we discuss the discovery and confirmation of resolution near-infrared spectra of LSPMJ0207+3331 LSPM J0207+3331 as a nearby white dwarf with an in- using the Near-Infrared Echellette Spectrometer (NIRES) frared excess. In x3 we derive the parameters for the on the Keck II telescope (Wilson et al. 2004). The data host star and its dusty disk, and finally in x4 we dis- were obtained on October 27th 2018 in partly cloudy cuss the significance of this discovery in the context of conditions. NIRES has a fixed configuration, and covers previously known dusty white dwarfs. a wavelength range of 0.94-2.45 µm at a resolution of ∼ 2700, using a slit width of 000: 55. We obtained 12 00 2. DISCOVERY AND CONFIRMATION OF AN exposures of 300s each, nodding 5 along the slit be- INFRARED EXCESS AROUND LSPM tween exposures for sky subtraction (3 complete ABBA J0207+3331 sequences), at a mean airmass of 1.14 and with the slit aligned at the parallactic angle. We also obtained spec- LSPM J0207+3331 was first flagged as an interest- tra for HD13869, an A0V star with V = 5.249, at a ing candidate white dwarf by the Backyard Worlds: mag similar airmass for telluric correction and flux calibra- Planet 9 citizen scientist Melina Th´evenot, who alerted tion. Dark and flat field frames were obtained at the end the science team of its coordinates and its unusually of the night. The data were reduced using a modified red AllWISE W 1-W 2 color for a white dwarf: W1- version of Spextool (Cushing et al. 2004), following the W2=0.92±0.05, indicative of a significant IR excess con- standard procedure. Wavelength calibration was deter- sistent with a dusty disk (Hoard et al. 2013). Its All- mined using telluric lines, with a resulting RMS scatter WISE photometry is free from artifacts or obvious con- of 0.073 A.˚ The spectra for each A-B pair were extracted taminants, with no significant variability in the Level A Cool White Dwarf with Warm Dust 3 Table 1. Photometry and Astrometry of 2.0 WISEA J020733.94+333129.1 cos = 180.4 ± 12.3 mas/yr LSPM J0207+3331 = -54.7 ± 10.6 mas/yr = 67.8 ± 29.9 mas 1.5 ) d = 14.7 ± 6.5 pc 0 0 2 ; = 1.4 n e Band Mag e r 1.0 g ( r o ) 0.5 e u l b GALEX NUV 21.92±0.62 ( s 0.0 o GBP 17.87±0.01 c e v i g 17.86±0.02 t 0.5 a l e G 17.52±0.01 R 1.0 r 17.49±0.02 GRP 17.03±0.01 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 i 17.34±0.02 Year z 17.34±0.02 Figure 2.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Crowd Science: the Organization of Scientific Research in Open ଝ Collaborative Projects
    Research Policy 43 (2014) 1–20 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Research Policy jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/respol Crowd science: The organization of scientific research in open ଝ collaborative projects a,∗ b Chiara Franzoni , Henry Sauermann a Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering (DIG), Politecnico di Milano, P. Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan 20133, Italy b Georgia Institute of Technology, Scheller College of Business, 800 W. Peachtree St., Atlanta, GA 30308, USA a r t a b i s c l e i n f o t r a c t Article history: A growing amount of scientific research is done in an open collaborative fashion, in projects sometimes Received 15 November 2012 referred to as “crowd science”, “citizen science”, or “networked science”. This paper seeks to gain a more Received in revised form 12 July 2013 systematic understanding of crowd science and to provide scholars with a conceptual framework and Accepted 13 July 2013 an agenda for future research. First, we briefly present three case examples that span different fields Available online 14 August 2013 of science and illustrate the heterogeneity concerning what crowd science projects do and how they are organized. Second, we identify two fundamental elements that characterize crowd science projects Keywords: – open participation and open sharing of intermediate inputs – and distinguish crowd science from Crowd science other knowledge production regimes such as innovation contests or traditional “Mertonian” science. Citizen science Crowdsourcing Third, we explore potential knowledge-related and motivational benefits that crowd science offers over Community-based production alternative organizational modes, and potential challenges it is likely to face.
    [Show full text]
  • Refereed Publications That Name
    59 Refereed Publications Since 2011 with Named Co-Authors who are NASA Citizen Scientists Compiled by Marc Kuchner February 2021 Authors in bold are citizen scientists. Aurorasaurus Semeter, J., Hunnekuhl, M., MacDonald, E., Hirsch, M., Zeller, N., Chernenkoff, A., & Wang, J. (2020). The mysterious green streaks below STEVE. AGU Advances, 1, e2020AV000183. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000183 Hunnekuhl, M., & MacDonald, E. (2020). Early ground‐based work by auroral pioneer Carl Størmer on the high‐altitude detached subauroral arcs now known as “STEVE”. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002384. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002384 S. B. Mende. B. J. Harding, & C. Turner. “Subauroral Green STEVE Arcs: Evidence for Low- Energy Excitation” Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 46, Issue 24, Pages 14256-14262 (2019) http://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086145 S. B. Mende. & C. Turner. “Color Ratios of Subauroral (STEVE) Arcs” Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics),Volume 124, Issue 7, Pages 5945-5955 (2019) http://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026851 Y. Nishimura, Y., B, Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Y, Zou, E. Mishin, D.J. Knudsen, E. F. Donovan, V. Angelopoulos, R. Raybell, “Magnetospheric Signatures of STEVE: Implications for the Magnetospheric Energy Source and Interhemispheric Conjugacy” Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 46, Issue 11, Pages 5637-5644 (2019) Elizabeth A. MacDonald, Eric Donovan, Yukitoshi Nishimura, Nathan A. Case, D. Megan Gillies, Bea Gallardo-Lacourt, William E. Archer, Emma L. Spanswick, Notanee Bourassa, Martin Connors, Matthew Heavner, Brian Jackel, Burcu Kosar, David J. Knudsen, Chris Ratzlaff and Ian Schofield, “New science in plain sight: Citizen scientists lead to the discovery of optical structure in the upper atmosphere” Science Advances, vol.
    [Show full text]
  • A Citation Study of Citizen Science Projects in Space Science and Astronomy
    Odenwald, S. 2018. A Citation Study of Citizen Science Projects in Space Science and Astronomy. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 3(2): 5, pp. 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.152 RESEARCH PAPER A Citation Study of Citizen Science Projects in Space Science and Astronomy Sten Odenwald This paper presents a citation study of 143 publications in refereed journals resulting from 23 citizen science (CS) projects in space science and astronomy. The projects generated a median of two papers during their average of six years of operation. The 143 papers produced 4,515 citations for a median of 10 citations/paper. These papers were compared to a uniform group of papers published in the year 2000 in refereed space science journals. The CS papers have an average annual peak citation rate that is about four times the average of the year-2000 sample. The CS citation history profiles peak within 3 years after paper publication but decline thereafter at a faster pace than the average paper published in 2000. This suggests that CS papers “burn brighter” but remain of interest for only half as long as other papers in space science and astronomy. Nevertheless, CS papers compare well with some of the most highly ranked “Top-1000” research papers of the modern era. The proportion of CS papers surpassing 200 citations is one-in-26, which is 40-fold higher than the proportion for the typical paper published in 2000. The study concludes that CS projects are not only as good as conventional non-CS research projects in generating publishable results, but can actually outperform the citation rates of the typical non-CS papers in space science and astronomy.
    [Show full text]
  • Planet Hunters, Zooniverse Evaluation Report
    Planet Hunters | Evaluation Report 2019 Planet Hunters, Zooniverse Evaluation report Authored by Dr Annaleise Depper Evaluation Officer, Public Engagement with Research Research Services, University of Oxford 1 Planet Hunters | Evaluation Report 2019 Contents 1. Key findings and highlights ..................................................................................... 3 2. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4 3. Evaluating Planet Hunters ....................................................................................... 5 4. Exploring impacts and outcomes on citizen scientists ............................................. 6 4.1 Increased knowledge and understanding of Astronomy ..................................................................... 7 4.2 An enjoyable and interesting experience ......................................................................................... 12 4.3 Raised aspirations and interests in Astronomy ................................................................................ 13 4.4 Feeling of pride and satisfaction in helping the scientific community ............................................... 17 4.5 Benefits to individual wellbeing ...................................................................................................... 19 5. Learning from the evaluation ................................................................................ 20 5.1 Motivations for taking part in Planet Hunters
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts Connecting to the Boston University Network
    20th Cambridge Workshop: Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun July 29 - Aug 3, 2018 Boston / Cambridge, USA Abstracts Connecting to the Boston University Network 1. Select network ”BU Guest (unencrypted)” 2. Once connected, open a web browser and try to navigate to a website. You should be redirected to https://safeconnect.bu.edu:9443 for registration. If the page does not automatically redirect, go to bu.edu to be brought to the login page. 3. Enter the login information: Guest Username: CoolStars20 Password: CoolStars20 Click to accept the conditions then log in. ii Foreword Our story starts on January 31, 1980 when a small group of about 50 astronomers came to- gether, organized by Andrea Dupree, to discuss the results from the new high-energy satel- lites IUE and Einstein. Called “Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun,” the meeting empha- sized the solar stellar connection and focused discussion on “several topics … in which the similarity is manifest: the structures of chromospheres and coronae, stellar activity, and the phenomena of mass loss,” according to the preface of the resulting, “Special Report of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.” We could easily have chosen the same topics for this meeting. Over the summer of 1980, the group met again in Bonas, France and then back in Cambridge in 1981. Nearly 40 years on, I am comfortable saying these workshops have evolved to be the premier conference series for cool star research. Cool Stars has been held largely biennially, alternating between North America and Europe. Over that time, the field of stellar astro- physics has been upended several times, first by results from Hubble, then ROSAT, then Keck and other large aperture ground-based adaptive optics telescopes.
    [Show full text]
  • New Candidate Extreme T Subdwarfs from the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Citizen Science Project
    The Astrophysical Journal, 915:120 (14pp), 2021 July 10 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac013c © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. New Candidate Extreme T Subdwarfs from the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Citizen Science Project Aaron M. Meisner1 , Adam C. Schneider2,3 , Adam J. Burgasser4 , Federico Marocco5 , Michael R. Line6 , Jacqueline K. Faherty7 , J. Davy Kirkpatrick5 , Dan Caselden8 , Marc J. Kuchner9 , Christopher R. Gelino5, Jonathan Gagné10,11 , Christopher Theissen4,19 , Roman Gerasimov4 , Christian Aganze4 , Chih-chun Hsu4 , John P. Wisniewski12 , Sarah L. Casewell13 , Daniella C. Bardalez Gagliuffi7 , Sarah E. Logsdon1 , Peter R. M. Eisenhardt14, Katelyn Allers15 , John H. Debes16 , Michaela B. Allen9, Nikolaj Stevnbak Andersen17 , Sam Goodman17 , Léopold Gramaize17 , David W. Martin17, Arttu Sainio17 , and Michael C. Cushing18 The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration 1 NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; [email protected] 2 United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station, 10391 West Naval Observatory Rd., Flagstaff, AZ 86005, USA 3 Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, MS3F3, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA 4 Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 5 IPAC, Mail Code 100-22, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 6 School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University,
    [Show full text]
  • Citizen Science As a Tool for Scientific Research and Societal Benefit at NASA
    https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20180001255 2019-08-30T12:26:13+00:00Z Citizen Science as a Tool for Scientific Research and Societal Benefit at NASA Dr. Amy Kaminski NASA Headquarters, USA Australian Citizen Science Association Conference February 7, 2018 • NASA’s strategic goals include advancing knowledge and opportunity in space and improving life on Earth. • We support these goals through extensive programs in space and Earth science research accomplished via space-based missions and research funding. • NASA’s “system” is configured to conduct science using (1) in-house personnel and (2) grants, contracts, and agreements with external entities (academia, industry, international space agencies). NASA’s Citizen Science Universe + NASA-funded Disk Detective JunoCam ^ Uses NASA data/assets Planet 9: Backyard Worlds * Completed/defunct +Planet Hunters # Challenge/prize competition ^Galaxy Zoo ^Radio Galaxy Zoo +Target Asteroids ^Exoplanet Explorers +Asteroid Mappers *#Asteroid Data Hunter Challenge Citizen science Asteroid Data, Education, and Tools (CADET) projects +Stardust@home *#Cassini Rings Challenge Aurorasaurus Meteor Counter +Moon Mappers ^Student Spaceflight ^Moon Zoo Experiments Program +Mercury Mappers *#Open NASA Earth Exchange Challenges NASA S’COOL NASA/USGS Adopt-a-Pixel GLOBE/GLOBE Observer +Mars Mappers Ecological forecasting using crowdsourcing (multiple projects) *Clickworkers *#Climate Resilience Data Challenge ^Planet Four *General Aviation Study of Harmful Algal Blooms ^Planet Four: Terrains Citizen Science for Earth Systems Programs (multiple projects) Planet Four: Ridges *Astrobiology Citizen Science # * Mars Balance Mass Challenge *MAPPER Extending Astrophysics Research Capabilities: Disk Detective • WISE telescope data analysis • 28,000+ volunteers with no professional training; depth of knowledge replaced by volume of participation • Speeds completion of research – 2.5 million images reviewed since 2014 • “Super users” become Finding planetary systems part of research team – with help from 28,000 named on published new colleagues.
    [Show full text]
  • A Citizen Science Exploration of the X-Ray Transient Sky Using the Extras Science Gateway
    A Citizen Science Exploration of the X-ray Transient Sky using the EXTraS Science Gateway Daniele D'Agostinoa,∗, Duncan Law-Greenb, Mike Watsonb, Giovanni Novarac,d, Andrea Tiengoc,d,e, Stefano Sandrellid, Andrea Belfiored, Ruben Salvaterrad, Andrea De Lucad,e aNational Research Council of Italy - CNR-IMATI, Genoa, Italy bDept.of Physics & Astronomy University of Leicester, U.K. cScuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia, Italy dNational Institute for Astrophysics INAF, Milan, Italy eIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - INFN, Italy Abstract Modern soft X-ray observatories can yield unique insights into time domain astrophysics, and a huge amount of information is stored - and largely un- exploited - in data archives. Like a treasure-hunt, the EXTraS project har- vested the hitherto unexplored temporal domain information buried in the serendipitous data collected by the European Photon Imaging Camera in- strument onboard the XMM-Newton satellite in 20 years of observations. The result is a vast catalog, describing the temporal behaviour of hundreds of thousands of X-ray sources. But the catalogue is just a starting point because it has to be, in its turn, further analysed. During the project an education activity has been defined and run in several workshops for high school students in Italy, Germany and UK. The final goal is to engage the students, and in perspective citizen scientists, to go through the whole vali- dation process: they look into the data and try to discover new sources, or to characterize already known sources. This paper describes how the EXTraS science gateway is used to accomplish these tasks and highlights the first discovery, a flaring X-ray source in the globular cluster NGC 6540.
    [Show full text]
  • Peter Pan Disks: Long-Lived Accretion Disks Around Young M Stars
    Draft version January 16, 2020 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 Peter Pan Disks: Long-lived Accretion Disks Around Young M Stars Steven M. Silverberg,1, ∗ John P. Wisniewski,2 Marc J. Kuchner,3 Kellen D. Lawson,2 Alissa S. Bans,4 John H. Debes,5 Joseph R. Biggs,6 Milton K.D. Bosch,6 Katharina Doll,6 Hugo A. Durantini Luca,6, 7 Alexandru Enachioaie,6 Joshua Hamilton,6 Jonathan Holden,6 and Michiharu Hyogo6, 8 The Disk Detective Collaboration 1MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA 2Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, 440 W. Brooks Street, Norman, OK 73019, USA 3NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 4Department of Physics, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA 5Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA 6Disk Detective Citizen Scientist 7IATE-OAC, Universidad Nacional de C´ordoba-CONICET. Laprida 854, X5000 BGR, C´ordoba, Argentina 8Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-0042, Japan Submitted to ApJ ABSTRACT WISEA J080822.18-644357.3, an M star in the Carina association, exhibits extreme infrared excess and accretion activity at an age greater than the expected accretion disk lifetime. We consider J0808 as the prototypical example of a class of M star accretion disks at ages & 20 Myr, which we call \Peter Pan" disks, since they apparently refuse to grow up. We present four new Peter Pan disk candidates identified via the Disk Detective citizen science project, coupled with Gaia astrometry.
    [Show full text]
  • What Science Could You Do Volunteers? at Goddard
    Crowdsourcing and What science could you do Citizen Science with 10,000 volunteers? at Goddard Space Flight Center We are a community using the power of citizen science and crowdsourcing to advance innovative scientific discovery and science education. Our Numbers 4 250,000 103 areas of scientific study: participants countries involved Earth science, across all citizen across all citizen astrophysics, heliophysics, science projects science projects and planetary science Aurorasaurus; aurorasaurus.org Landslide Reporter; landslides.nasa.gov Our Members Our Projects Our members run GSFC-affiliated citizen The projects listed below have started at GSFC science and crowdsourcing projects or are or have components managed at GSFC. interested in supporting or using Astrophysics crowdsourcing and citizen science at GSFC. Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Civil servants, contractors, and those working Disk Detective closely with GSFC projects are welcome to join Earth Science our meetings. Air Quality Citizen Science Data Mining Twitter for Augmenting NASA Backyard Worlds: Planet 9; Precipitation Research and Applications MAPPPD; penguinmap.com backyardworlds.org GLOBE Observer Learn More Landslide Reporter Mapping Application for Penguin Visit our website: science.gsfc.nasa.gov/600/ Populations and Projected citizen-science/ Top: Composite image of Dynamics (MAPPPD) the United States at night Get involved with our group by subscribing to Heliophysics (NASA Earth Observatory/ NOAA NGDC) the Goddard-Crowdsci mailing list: Aurorasaurus Right: NASA GSFC citizen Air Quality Citizen Science; Radio JOVE; Disk Detective; lists.nasa.gov/mailman/listinfo/goddard- Heliophysics/Planetary Science science project data viewer aqcitizenscience.rti.org radiojove.gsfc.nasa.gov diskdetective.org portals or citizen science in crowdsci Radio JOVE action, and their URLs .
    [Show full text]
  • Citizen Science
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration CITIZEN SCIENCE Northern Lights Clouds Northern Lights Algae Blooms Planetary Surfaces Eclipses Stellar Disks Land Cover Exoplanets Landslides www.nasa.gov Love NASA Science? Join a NASA Citizen Science Project! NASA citizen science projects are collaborations Astrophysics between scientists and interested members of the • Planet Hunters TESS public. Through these collaborations, volunteers, - www.planethunters.org or “citizen scientists,” have made thousands of • Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 important scientific discoveries, including: - www.backyardworlds.org • More than half of the known comets. • Disk Detective • Hundreds of extrasolar planets. - diskdetective.org • The oldest protoplanetary disk. • Gravity Spy - gravityspy.org Along the way, citizen scientists have co-authored publications in professional scientific journals, Earth Science observed with telescopes around the world, and • Floating Forests made many lasting friendships. They have learned - floatingforests.org about climate change, interstellar dust grains, the • GLOBE surface of Mars, meteors, penguins, mosquitos, and - www.globe.gov gravitational waves, and they have helped protect • GLOBE Observer: Clouds, Land Cover, people from landslides. Mosquito Habitat Mapper and Trees - observer.globe.gov/do-globe-observer NASA is seeking new citizen scientists! Most projects require no prior knowledge, experience, • Lake Observer or special tools beyond a computer or cell phone. - www.lakeobserver.org People with advanced degrees or other relevant • Landslide Reporter training are invited. But NASA citizen science proj- - landslides.nasa.gov ects aim to teach you everything you need to know • Mapping Application for Penguin Populations as you go along—so don’t worry if you have not and Projected Dynamics (MAPPPD) studied much science in school.
    [Show full text]
  • FORMATION of the SOLAR SYSTEM Learning Objectives
    504 Chapter 14 Cosmic Samples and the Origin of the Solar System should be the parent bodies of the primitive meteorites. The great majority of the meteorites that reach Earth are primitive stones. Many of them are composed of light-colored gray silicates with some metallic grains mixed in, but there is also an important group of darker stones called carbonaceous meteorites. As their name suggests, these meteorites contain carbon, but we also find various complex organic molecules in them—chemicals based on carbon, which on Earth are the chemical building blocks of life. In addition, some of them contain chemically bound water, and many are depleted in metallic iron. The carbonaceous (or C-type) asteroids are concentrated in the outer part of the asteroid belt. Among the most useful of these meteorites have been the Allende meteorite that fell in Mexico (see Figure 14.9), the Murchison meteorite that fell in Australia (both in 1969), and the Tagish Lake meteorite that landed in a winter snowdrift on Tagish Lake, Canada, in 2000. (The fragile bits of dark material from the Tagish Lake meteorite were readily visible against the white snow, although at first they were mistaken for wolf droppings.) The Murchison meteorite (Figure 14.10) is known for the variety of organic chemicals it has yielded. Most of the carbon compounds in carbonaceous meteorites are complex, tarlike substances that defy exact analysis. Murchison also contains 16 amino acids (the building blocks of proteins), 11 of which are rare on Earth. The most remarkable thing about these organic molecules is that they include equal numbers with right-handed and left-handed molecular symmetry.
    [Show full text]