Steven Mathis Silverberg
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Crowd Science: the Organization of Scientific Research in Open ଝ Collaborative Projects
Research Policy 43 (2014) 1–20 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Research Policy jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/respol Crowd science: The organization of scientific research in open ଝ collaborative projects a,∗ b Chiara Franzoni , Henry Sauermann a Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering (DIG), Politecnico di Milano, P. Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan 20133, Italy b Georgia Institute of Technology, Scheller College of Business, 800 W. Peachtree St., Atlanta, GA 30308, USA a r t a b i s c l e i n f o t r a c t Article history: A growing amount of scientific research is done in an open collaborative fashion, in projects sometimes Received 15 November 2012 referred to as “crowd science”, “citizen science”, or “networked science”. This paper seeks to gain a more Received in revised form 12 July 2013 systematic understanding of crowd science and to provide scholars with a conceptual framework and Accepted 13 July 2013 an agenda for future research. First, we briefly present three case examples that span different fields Available online 14 August 2013 of science and illustrate the heterogeneity concerning what crowd science projects do and how they are organized. Second, we identify two fundamental elements that characterize crowd science projects Keywords: – open participation and open sharing of intermediate inputs – and distinguish crowd science from Crowd science other knowledge production regimes such as innovation contests or traditional “Mertonian” science. Citizen science Crowdsourcing Third, we explore potential knowledge-related and motivational benefits that crowd science offers over Community-based production alternative organizational modes, and potential challenges it is likely to face. -
Refereed Publications That Name
59 Refereed Publications Since 2011 with Named Co-Authors who are NASA Citizen Scientists Compiled by Marc Kuchner February 2021 Authors in bold are citizen scientists. Aurorasaurus Semeter, J., Hunnekuhl, M., MacDonald, E., Hirsch, M., Zeller, N., Chernenkoff, A., & Wang, J. (2020). The mysterious green streaks below STEVE. AGU Advances, 1, e2020AV000183. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000183 Hunnekuhl, M., & MacDonald, E. (2020). Early ground‐based work by auroral pioneer Carl Størmer on the high‐altitude detached subauroral arcs now known as “STEVE”. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002384. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002384 S. B. Mende. B. J. Harding, & C. Turner. “Subauroral Green STEVE Arcs: Evidence for Low- Energy Excitation” Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 46, Issue 24, Pages 14256-14262 (2019) http://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086145 S. B. Mende. & C. Turner. “Color Ratios of Subauroral (STEVE) Arcs” Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics),Volume 124, Issue 7, Pages 5945-5955 (2019) http://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026851 Y. Nishimura, Y., B, Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Y, Zou, E. Mishin, D.J. Knudsen, E. F. Donovan, V. Angelopoulos, R. Raybell, “Magnetospheric Signatures of STEVE: Implications for the Magnetospheric Energy Source and Interhemispheric Conjugacy” Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 46, Issue 11, Pages 5637-5644 (2019) Elizabeth A. MacDonald, Eric Donovan, Yukitoshi Nishimura, Nathan A. Case, D. Megan Gillies, Bea Gallardo-Lacourt, William E. Archer, Emma L. Spanswick, Notanee Bourassa, Martin Connors, Matthew Heavner, Brian Jackel, Burcu Kosar, David J. Knudsen, Chris Ratzlaff and Ian Schofield, “New science in plain sight: Citizen scientists lead to the discovery of optical structure in the upper atmosphere” Science Advances, vol. -
A Citation Study of Citizen Science Projects in Space Science and Astronomy
Odenwald, S. 2018. A Citation Study of Citizen Science Projects in Space Science and Astronomy. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 3(2): 5, pp. 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.152 RESEARCH PAPER A Citation Study of Citizen Science Projects in Space Science and Astronomy Sten Odenwald This paper presents a citation study of 143 publications in refereed journals resulting from 23 citizen science (CS) projects in space science and astronomy. The projects generated a median of two papers during their average of six years of operation. The 143 papers produced 4,515 citations for a median of 10 citations/paper. These papers were compared to a uniform group of papers published in the year 2000 in refereed space science journals. The CS papers have an average annual peak citation rate that is about four times the average of the year-2000 sample. The CS citation history profiles peak within 3 years after paper publication but decline thereafter at a faster pace than the average paper published in 2000. This suggests that CS papers “burn brighter” but remain of interest for only half as long as other papers in space science and astronomy. Nevertheless, CS papers compare well with some of the most highly ranked “Top-1000” research papers of the modern era. The proportion of CS papers surpassing 200 citations is one-in-26, which is 40-fold higher than the proportion for the typical paper published in 2000. The study concludes that CS projects are not only as good as conventional non-CS research projects in generating publishable results, but can actually outperform the citation rates of the typical non-CS papers in space science and astronomy. -
2008 Smithsonian Folklife Festival
Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 2008 Smithsonian Folklife Festival CFCH Staff 2017 Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage 600 Maryland Ave SW Washington, D.C. [email protected] https://www.folklife.si.edu/archive/ Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Historical note.................................................................................................................. 2 Scope and Contents note................................................................................................ 2 Arrangement note............................................................................................................ 2 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 3 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 4 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 6 Series 1: Program Books, Festival Publications, and Ephemera, 2008................... 6 Series 2: Bhutan: Land of the Thunder Dragon....................................................... 7 Series 3: NASA: Fifty Years and Beyond............................................................. -
Abstracts Connecting to the Boston University Network
20th Cambridge Workshop: Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun July 29 - Aug 3, 2018 Boston / Cambridge, USA Abstracts Connecting to the Boston University Network 1. Select network ”BU Guest (unencrypted)” 2. Once connected, open a web browser and try to navigate to a website. You should be redirected to https://safeconnect.bu.edu:9443 for registration. If the page does not automatically redirect, go to bu.edu to be brought to the login page. 3. Enter the login information: Guest Username: CoolStars20 Password: CoolStars20 Click to accept the conditions then log in. ii Foreword Our story starts on January 31, 1980 when a small group of about 50 astronomers came to- gether, organized by Andrea Dupree, to discuss the results from the new high-energy satel- lites IUE and Einstein. Called “Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun,” the meeting empha- sized the solar stellar connection and focused discussion on “several topics … in which the similarity is manifest: the structures of chromospheres and coronae, stellar activity, and the phenomena of mass loss,” according to the preface of the resulting, “Special Report of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.” We could easily have chosen the same topics for this meeting. Over the summer of 1980, the group met again in Bonas, France and then back in Cambridge in 1981. Nearly 40 years on, I am comfortable saying these workshops have evolved to be the premier conference series for cool star research. Cool Stars has been held largely biennially, alternating between North America and Europe. Over that time, the field of stellar astro- physics has been upended several times, first by results from Hubble, then ROSAT, then Keck and other large aperture ground-based adaptive optics telescopes. -
Lunar and Planetary Information Bulletin No. 161 (July 2020)
THE DEEP SPACE NETWORK: NASA’s Link to the Solar System Featured Story | From the Desk of Lori Glaze | Meeting Highlights | News from Space | Spotlight on Education In Memoriam | Milestones | New and Noteworthy | Calendar LUNAR AND PLANETARY INFORMATION BULLETIN July 2020 Issue 161 FEATURED STORY THE DEEP SPACE NETWORK: NASA’s Link to the Solar System Note from the Editors: This issue’s lead article is the tenth in a series of reports describing the history and current activities of the planetary research facilities funded by NASA and located nationwide. This issue features the Deep Space Network, a worldwide network of spacecraft communication facilities that supports NASA’s interplanetary spacecraft missions. — Paul Schenk and Renée Dotson From Mercury to Pluto (and beyond) we tary robotic space missions. Other space system and ultimately, our place within it. have marveled at the stunning vistas agencies, such as Europe’s ESA and found throughout our solar system. Japan’s JAXA also use the DSN by coop- The forerunner of the DSN was estab- From the erupting volcanos on Io to the erative agreements. The DSN consists of lished in January, 1958, when the Jet glorious rings of Saturn, it is easy to three major facilities spaced equidistant Propulsion Laboratory, or JPL‚ then forget that we would never have an about from each other‚ approximately 120 under contract to the U.S. Army‚ degrees apart in longitude‚ around the deployed portable radio tracking stations but for one key global NASA facility, none world. These sites are at Goldstone, near in Nigeria, Singapore, and California. -
Citizen Science As a Tool for Scientific Research and Societal Benefit at NASA
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20180001255 2019-08-30T12:26:13+00:00Z Citizen Science as a Tool for Scientific Research and Societal Benefit at NASA Dr. Amy Kaminski NASA Headquarters, USA Australian Citizen Science Association Conference February 7, 2018 • NASA’s strategic goals include advancing knowledge and opportunity in space and improving life on Earth. • We support these goals through extensive programs in space and Earth science research accomplished via space-based missions and research funding. • NASA’s “system” is configured to conduct science using (1) in-house personnel and (2) grants, contracts, and agreements with external entities (academia, industry, international space agencies). NASA’s Citizen Science Universe + NASA-funded Disk Detective JunoCam ^ Uses NASA data/assets Planet 9: Backyard Worlds * Completed/defunct +Planet Hunters # Challenge/prize competition ^Galaxy Zoo ^Radio Galaxy Zoo +Target Asteroids ^Exoplanet Explorers +Asteroid Mappers *#Asteroid Data Hunter Challenge Citizen science Asteroid Data, Education, and Tools (CADET) projects +Stardust@home *#Cassini Rings Challenge Aurorasaurus Meteor Counter +Moon Mappers ^Student Spaceflight ^Moon Zoo Experiments Program +Mercury Mappers *#Open NASA Earth Exchange Challenges NASA S’COOL NASA/USGS Adopt-a-Pixel GLOBE/GLOBE Observer +Mars Mappers Ecological forecasting using crowdsourcing (multiple projects) *Clickworkers *#Climate Resilience Data Challenge ^Planet Four *General Aviation Study of Harmful Algal Blooms ^Planet Four: Terrains Citizen Science for Earth Systems Programs (multiple projects) Planet Four: Ridges *Astrobiology Citizen Science # * Mars Balance Mass Challenge *MAPPER Extending Astrophysics Research Capabilities: Disk Detective • WISE telescope data analysis • 28,000+ volunteers with no professional training; depth of knowledge replaced by volume of participation • Speeds completion of research – 2.5 million images reviewed since 2014 • “Super users” become Finding planetary systems part of research team – with help from 28,000 named on published new colleagues. -
Paul Hertz NASA Town Hall with Bonus Material
Paul Hertz Dominic Benford Felicia Chou Valerie Connaughton Lucien Cox Jeanne Davis Kristen Erickson Daniel Evans Michael Garcia Ellen Gertsen Shahid Habib Hashima Hasan Douglas Hudgins Patricia Knezek Elizabeth Landau William Latter Michael New Mario Perez Gregory Robinson Rita Sambruna Evan Scannapieco Kartik Sheth Eric Smith Eric Tollestrup NASA Town Hall with bonus material AAS 235th Meeting | January 5, 2020 Paul Hertz Director, Astrophysics Division Science Mission Directorate @PHertzNASA Posted at http://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/documents 1 2 Spitzer 8/25/2003 Formulation + SMEX/MO (2025), Implementation MIDEX/MO (2028), etc. Primary Ops ] Extended Ops SXG (RSA) 7/13/2019 Webb Euclid (ESA) 2021 WFIRST 2022 Mid 2020s Ariel (ESA) 2028 XMM-Newton Chandra (ESA) TESS 7/23/1999 12/10/1999 4/18/2018 NuSTAR 6/13/2012 Fermi IXPE Swift 6/11/2008 2021 11/20/2004 XRISM (JAXA) SPHEREx 2022 2023 Hubble ISS-NICER GUSTO 4/24/1990 6/3/2017 2021 SOFIA Full Ops 5/2014 + Athena (early 2030s), Revised November 24, 2019 LISA4 (early 2030s) Outline • Celebrate Accomplishments § Mission Milestones • Committed to Improving § Building an Excellent Workforce § Research and Analysis Initiatives • Program Update § Research & Analysis, Technology, Fellowships § ROSES-2020 Preview • Missions Update § Operating Missions and Senior Review § Webb, WFIRST § Other missions • Planning for the Future § FY20 Budget § Project Artemis § Supporting Astro2020 § Creating the Future 5 NASA Astrophysics Celebrate Accomplishments https://www.nasa.gov/2019 7 NASA Astrophysics -
Issue 105, February 2006
GGOINGOING TOTO PPLUTOLUTO:: TTHEHE NNEWEW HHORIZONSORIZONS MMISSIONISSION — Paul Schenk, Lunar and Planetary Institute Fastest man-made object to leave Earth. Fastest flight past the Moon’s orbit. It was a day of superlatives, but it didn’t come easy for those watching. Going back to 1992, there have been at least three attempts to begin building a spacecraft to go to Pluto, the “last” unexplored planet. Only in 2001 was a team and mission chosen that would finally make it past the hurdles of Congress, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and NASA management. Once the process finally began, it took only five years from the call for mission proposals to launch day. Once on the launch pad, things went relatively smoothly until launch day itself, originally set for January 10 but then pushed back until January 17. Although involved with NASA for more than 20 years now, I had never personally witnessed a launch. We arrived at Kennedy Space Center early on the 17th, as directed, and waited outside to the music of 2001 — A Space Odyssey and a recording of the voice of Neil Armstrong walking on the Moon. We met many of our friends from the team, and together we boarded the fleet of buses to the viewing area. It was warm but windy, a bad omen. The launch window was only three hours long and peak winds kept exceeding the tolerable limits for launch. Every 15 minutes or so the launch commentator announced that the launch time was being pushed back again in hopes the winds would subside. -
Peter Pan Disks: Long-Lived Accretion Disks Around Young M Stars
Draft version January 16, 2020 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 Peter Pan Disks: Long-lived Accretion Disks Around Young M Stars Steven M. Silverberg,1, ∗ John P. Wisniewski,2 Marc J. Kuchner,3 Kellen D. Lawson,2 Alissa S. Bans,4 John H. Debes,5 Joseph R. Biggs,6 Milton K.D. Bosch,6 Katharina Doll,6 Hugo A. Durantini Luca,6, 7 Alexandru Enachioaie,6 Joshua Hamilton,6 Jonathan Holden,6 and Michiharu Hyogo6, 8 The Disk Detective Collaboration 1MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA 2Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, 440 W. Brooks Street, Norman, OK 73019, USA 3NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 4Department of Physics, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA 5Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA 6Disk Detective Citizen Scientist 7IATE-OAC, Universidad Nacional de C´ordoba-CONICET. Laprida 854, X5000 BGR, C´ordoba, Argentina 8Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-0042, Japan Submitted to ApJ ABSTRACT WISEA J080822.18-644357.3, an M star in the Carina association, exhibits extreme infrared excess and accretion activity at an age greater than the expected accretion disk lifetime. We consider J0808 as the prototypical example of a class of M star accretion disks at ages & 20 Myr, which we call \Peter Pan" disks, since they apparently refuse to grow up. We present four new Peter Pan disk candidates identified via the Disk Detective citizen science project, coupled with Gaia astrometry. -
What Science Could You Do Volunteers? at Goddard
Crowdsourcing and What science could you do Citizen Science with 10,000 volunteers? at Goddard Space Flight Center We are a community using the power of citizen science and crowdsourcing to advance innovative scientific discovery and science education. Our Numbers 4 250,000 103 areas of scientific study: participants countries involved Earth science, across all citizen across all citizen astrophysics, heliophysics, science projects science projects and planetary science Aurorasaurus; aurorasaurus.org Landslide Reporter; landslides.nasa.gov Our Members Our Projects Our members run GSFC-affiliated citizen The projects listed below have started at GSFC science and crowdsourcing projects or are or have components managed at GSFC. interested in supporting or using Astrophysics crowdsourcing and citizen science at GSFC. Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Civil servants, contractors, and those working Disk Detective closely with GSFC projects are welcome to join Earth Science our meetings. Air Quality Citizen Science Data Mining Twitter for Augmenting NASA Backyard Worlds: Planet 9; Precipitation Research and Applications MAPPPD; penguinmap.com backyardworlds.org GLOBE Observer Learn More Landslide Reporter Mapping Application for Penguin Visit our website: science.gsfc.nasa.gov/600/ Populations and Projected citizen-science/ Top: Composite image of Dynamics (MAPPPD) the United States at night Get involved with our group by subscribing to Heliophysics (NASA Earth Observatory/ NOAA NGDC) the Goddard-Crowdsci mailing list: Aurorasaurus Right: NASA GSFC citizen Air Quality Citizen Science; Radio JOVE; Disk Detective; lists.nasa.gov/mailman/listinfo/goddard- Heliophysics/Planetary Science science project data viewer aqcitizenscience.rti.org radiojove.gsfc.nasa.gov diskdetective.org portals or citizen science in crowdsci Radio JOVE action, and their URLs . -
Citizen Science
National Aeronautics and Space Administration CITIZEN SCIENCE Northern Lights Clouds Northern Lights Algae Blooms Planetary Surfaces Eclipses Stellar Disks Land Cover Exoplanets Landslides www.nasa.gov Love NASA Science? Join a NASA Citizen Science Project! NASA citizen science projects are collaborations Astrophysics between scientists and interested members of the • Planet Hunters TESS public. Through these collaborations, volunteers, - www.planethunters.org or “citizen scientists,” have made thousands of • Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 important scientific discoveries, including: - www.backyardworlds.org • More than half of the known comets. • Disk Detective • Hundreds of extrasolar planets. - diskdetective.org • The oldest protoplanetary disk. • Gravity Spy - gravityspy.org Along the way, citizen scientists have co-authored publications in professional scientific journals, Earth Science observed with telescopes around the world, and • Floating Forests made many lasting friendships. They have learned - floatingforests.org about climate change, interstellar dust grains, the • GLOBE surface of Mars, meteors, penguins, mosquitos, and - www.globe.gov gravitational waves, and they have helped protect • GLOBE Observer: Clouds, Land Cover, people from landslides. Mosquito Habitat Mapper and Trees - observer.globe.gov/do-globe-observer NASA is seeking new citizen scientists! Most projects require no prior knowledge, experience, • Lake Observer or special tools beyond a computer or cell phone. - www.lakeobserver.org People with advanced degrees or other relevant • Landslide Reporter training are invited. But NASA citizen science proj- - landslides.nasa.gov ects aim to teach you everything you need to know • Mapping Application for Penguin Populations as you go along—so don’t worry if you have not and Projected Dynamics (MAPPPD) studied much science in school.