Updated Socioeconomic Analysis Report No Later Than September 15, 2017

REPORT

Granger Facility Granger Optimization Project Granger, Wyoming

Industrial Siting Permit Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report September 2017 Update

September 2017

Prepared by

Contents

Section Page

Acronyms and Abbreviations ...... vii 1 Introduction ...... 1-1 2 Applicant and Project Description ...... 2-1 2.1 Applicant Information ...... 2-1 2.2 Project Description ...... 2-1 2.2.1 Process Design ...... 2-2 2.2.2 Mine Water Concentration ...... 2-2 2.2.3 Decahydrate Crystallization ...... 2-5 2.2.4 Final Processing...... 2-5 2.2.5 Additional Non-Jurisdictional Project Features ...... 2-5 2.2.6 Pipelines ...... 2-5 2.2.7 Injection Wells ...... 2-5 2.2.8 Extraction Wells ...... 2-6 2.2.9 Access Roads ...... 2-6 2.2.10 Decommissioning of Dry Ore Facilities ...... 2-6 2.2.11 Tailings Pond Improvements ...... 2-6 2.3 Project Schedule ...... 2-6 2.4 Construction Workforce Estimate ...... 2-7 2.4.1 Local In-State Contractor Hiring ...... 2-7 2.4.2 Local Workforce ...... 2-7 2.4.3 Non-Local Workforce ...... 2-7 2.5 Operations Workforce ...... 2-17 3 Socioeconomic Analysis ...... 3-1 3.1 Introduction ...... 3-1 3.2 Regulatory Jurisdiction and Definitions ...... 3-1 3.3 Methodology...... 3-2 3.3.1 Area of Site Influence, Local Governments Primarily Affected, and Study Area ...... 3-2 3.3.2 Impact Assistance Methodology ...... 3-11 3.4 Inventory, Evaluation, and Impact Assessment by Social and Economic Resource Areas ...... 3-15 3.4.1 Population ...... 3-16 3.4.2 Economic and Fiscal Conditions ...... 3-25 3.4.3 Housing and Housing Availability Analysis...... 3-55 3.4.4 Public Education ...... 3-71 3.4.5 Public Safety ...... 3-78 3.4.6 Health Care ...... 3-85 3.4.7 Municipal Services ...... 3-89 3.4.8 Human Service Facilities ...... 3-94 3.4.9 Community Recreation Facilities ...... 3-96 3.5 Summary of Impacts ...... 3-97 3.6 Cumulative Impacts ...... 3-100 3.6.1 Projects included in Cumulative Workforce Estimates...... 3-100

PR0828171057DEN III CONTENTS

Section Page 3.6.2 Projects not included in Cumulative Workforce Estimates ...... 3-104 3.6.3 Cumulative Temporary Housing Estimates ...... 3-105 3.6.4 Summary of Cumulative Impacts ...... 3-106 3.7 Analysis and Mitigation ...... 3-106 3.7.1 Beneficial and Adverse Impacts ...... 3-108 3.7.2 Mitigation...... 3-109 4 References ...... 4-1

Appendixes A Housing Commitment Summary and Correspondence B Impact Assistance Calculations

Tables 2-1 Total Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter ...... 2-11 2-2 Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter ...... 2-13 2-3 Non-Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter ...... 2-15 2-4 Estimated Operations Workforce Summary by Job Classification...... 2-17 3-1 Communities Identified as Within Recommended Area of Site Influence and Relevant Housing Statistics ...... 3-4 3-2 Inter-County Commuter Flows for Sweetwater, Uinta, and Lincoln Counties (3rd Quarter 2016) ...... 3-12 3-3 Workplaces of Sweetwater County Residents and Places of Residence of Persons Working in Sweetwater County, 2013 ...... 3-14 3-4 Population Trends in the Study Area ...... 3-17 3-5 Decade-to-Decade Percent Population Change in the Study Area ...... 3-18 3-6 Population Density and Distribution in the Study Area ...... 3-20 3-7 Population by Age Cohort ...... 3-22 3-8 Net Migration Trends in the Study Area ...... 3-23 3-9 Population Forecasts in the Study Area ...... 3-24 3-10 Estimated and Forecasted Percent Population Change ...... 3-25 3-11 2010 – 2016 Benchmark Labor Force Estimates – Annual Averages for Wyoming and Study Area Counties ...... 3-26 3-12 GOP Study Area Full-Time and Part-Time Employment by Type and by Industry (NAICS): 2009 and 2015 ...... 3-30 3-13 Total Full-Time and Part-Time Jobs in Wyoming (2015) by Type and by Industry (NAICS) and Share by GOP Study Area County ...... 3-31 3-14 Major Private Employers in the Study Area ...... 3-33 3-15 Aggregate Personal Income (thousands of dollars) for the State and Study Area Counties 2006 – 2015 ...... 3-35 3-16 Per Capita Personal Income (dollars) for the State and Study Area Counties 2006 – 2015 ...... 3-35 3-17 State and Local Assessed Valuation (2016) ...... 3-36 3-18 Beneficiaries of Ad Valorem Taxes in Wyoming (2016) ...... 3-36 3-19 Wyoming Sales, Use, and Lodging Tax Rates by County ...... 3-37 3-20 Sales and Use Tax Collections by County (2014-2016) ...... 3-37 3-21 Lodging Tax Collections by County and Local Entity ...... 3-38 3-22 Distribution of Impact Assistance Funds FY 2009 – FY 2015 ...... 3-39

IV PR0828171057DEN CONTENTS

Section Page 3-23 Wyoming Short-Term (2016-2018) and Long-Term (2014-2024) Industry Projections ...... 3-41 3-24 Historical Construction Industry Jobs 1990, 2000, and 2008 ...... 3-45 3-25 Top 10 Industries by Employment in the Three-County Region Comprised of Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta Counties ...... 3-47 3-26 Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2018 ...... 3-48 3-27 Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2019 ...... 3-48 3-28 Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2020 ...... 3-48 3-29 Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2021 ...... 3-48 3-30 Average Wages South West Region, GOP Construction Phase Occupations (2017) ...... 3-49 3-31 Average Wages for GOP Operations and Maintenance Occupations Southwest Region, Wyoming 2017 ...... 3-50 3-32 Millage by Taxing Entity, Granger, Sweetwater County (2016) ...... 3-51 3-33 Estimates of Tax Revenues Accruing to Local Jurisdictions within Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta Counties to Construct the GOP Granger Optimization Facility and For Local Purchases by Non-Local Workforce ...... 3-53 3-34 Annual Economic Impacts of Granger O&M ($2017) ...... 3-54 3-35 Top 10 Industries Experiencing Job Creation Due to the O&M Phase of the Granger Project .. 3-54 3-36 Millage and Revenue by Taxing Entity, Granger, Sweetwater County (2016) ...... 3-55 3-37 Estimate of Ad Valorem Taxes Paid in Millions...... 3-55 3-38 2000, 2010 – 2015 Changes in Housing Units for Wyoming and Study Area Counties ...... 3-56 3-39 2010 Housing Unit Characteristics (Occupied, Vacant, and Renter Occupied) for Wyoming and the Study Area ...... 3-56 3-40 Home Sales in the Study Area from 2009 through 2015 (Assessor data: Nominal Dollars and Annual Percent Change) ...... 3-62 3-41 Average Monthly Apartment, Mobile Home Lot, and House Rental Rates for Counties in the Study Area...... 3-64 3-42 Rental Vacancy Rates in the Study Area ...... 3-64 3-43 Rental Vacancy Rates by Type of Unit in the Sweetwater County in 2016 ...... 3-65 3-44 Hotel and Motel Rooms and RV Sites by County and Community (2017) ...... 3-66 3-45 Average Monthly Hotel and Motel Occupancy Rates for the Granger – Rock Springs Area, Wyoming, January 2011 to June 2017 ...... 3-68 3-46 Estimate of Local and Non-Local Construction Worker Breakdown During Peak Quarter ...... 3-70 3-47 Potentially Available Temporary Accommodations...... 3-71 3-48 Selected Characteristics of School Districts in the Area of Site Influence ...... 3-75 3-49 School District Enrollment (2007 to 2016) in the Area of Influence ...... 3-77 3-50 Public Fire Departments in Sweetwater County ...... 3-80 3-51 Fire Department/ District Fire Incidents in Sweetwater County (2014) ...... 3-81 3-52 Law Enforcement Serving Sweetwater County ...... 3-82 3-53 Law Enforcement Personnel in Sweetwater County ...... 3-83 3-54 Number of Reported Index Crime Events (2016) ...... 3-84 3-55 Hospitals in the Study Area: Selected Statistics ...... 3-86 3-56 Electric and Gas Utility Company Service Areas ...... 3-91 3-57 Estimated Construction Waste Materials ...... 3-93 3-58 Human Service Facilities in the GOP Study Area ...... 3-95 3-59 State Parks, Historic Sites and Important Bird Areas in the Applicant’s Study Area ...... 3-97 3-60 Summary of Project-Related Effects and Impacts ...... 3-98 3-61 Cumulative Non-Local Workforce Estimates, April 2018 to March 2021 ...... 3-101 3-62 Cumulative Temporary Housing Needs, Second Quarter 2018 to First Quarter 2021 ...... 3-107

PR0525171702DEN V CONTENTS

Section Page Figures 1-1 Project Site Location ...... 1-3 2-1 Process Block Flow Diagram ...... 2-2 2-2 Granger Site Plan ...... 2-3 2-3 Project Schedule ...... 2-9 2-4 Total Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter ...... 2-12 2-5 Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter ...... 2-14 2-6 Non-Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter ...... 2-16 3-1 Recommended Area of Site Influence and Counties Comprising Study Area ...... 3-9 3-2 Historical Population Change in the Study Area (1940 to 2015) ...... 3-19 3-3 Comparison of Unemployment Rates (not Seasonally Adjusted) for the Years 2010 and 2016 ...... 3-27 3-4 Monthly Normalized Initial Unemployment Claims in the State, 2007 – March 2017 ...... 3-28 3-5 Monthly Normalized Continued Weeks Unemployment Claims in the State, 2007 – March, 2017 ...... 3-29 3-6 New Housing Units Authorized for Construction for the Study Area and State (1980 through 2015) ...... 3-58 3-7 Total New Residential Construction Units Authorized by County (2000 through 2015) ...... 3-59 3-8 New Residential Construction by Type of Structure in the Study Area (1980 through 2015) .... 3-60 3-9 Average Single-Family Home Sales Price in Wyoming in 2015...... 3-61 3-10 Average House Value for Counties in the Study Area (2009 through 2015) ...... 3-63 3-11 Study Area Monthly Vacancy Rates (6 Year Average and for past 12 months) ...... 3-68 3-12 Monthly Average Daily Room Rate (2011 through 2017) ...... 3-69 3-13 Public School Districts in the Study Area ...... 3-73 3-14 Location of Hospitals in the Study Area ...... 3-87 3-15 Electric Certificated Areas ...... 3-91 3-16 Gas Certificated Areas ...... 3-92

VI PR0828171057DEN

Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACA Affordable Care Act ACM asbestos-containing material ACS American Community Survey ADA Americans with Disabilities Act amsl above mean sea level ANSI American National Standards Institute AOI area of influence AQD Air Quality Division BEA U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis BLM Bureau of Land Management BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics BOC Board of County Commissioners BVEA Bridger Valley Electric Association CCSM Chokecherry and Sierra Madre CFR Code of Federal Regulations CHIP child health insurance program CREG Consensus Revenue Estimating Group CSW construction solid waste CWA Clean Water Act CWIP Construction Work in Progress CWSRF Clean Water State Revolving Fund EIS environmental impact statement EMS emergency medical services EMT emergency medical technician EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPC Engineering, Procurement, and Construction ERH Evanston Regional Hospital FC4H First Call for Help FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FMC FMC Wyoming Corporation FMV fair market value FTE full-time equivalent FY fiscal year

PR0828171057DEN VII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS GDP gross domestic product GOP Granger Optimization Project gpd gallons per day gpm gallons per minute GRFD Green River Fire Department

H2S hydrogen sulfide hp horsepower I-80 Interstate 80 I-O input-output IMPLAN Impact Analysis for Planning IRP Integrated Resource Plan ISA Industrial Development Information and Siting Act ISC Industrial Siting Council ISD Industrial Siting Division IUP Intended Use Plan kV kilovolt LCSD1 Lincoln County School District No. 1 LCSD2 Lincoln County School District No. 2 LOS level of service MHSC Memorial Hospital of Sweetwater County MIG, Inc. Minnesota IMPLAN Group MVT motor vehicle theft MW megawatts NAICS North American Industry Classification System NFPA National Fire Protection Association NHSFR National High School Finals Rodeo NHSRA National High School Rodeo Association NPL Normally Pressured Lance O&M operation and maintenance OES Occupational Employment Statistics OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PCP primary care physician PCW Power Company of Wyoming, LLC PCW Power Company of Wyoming, LLC PHRC public health response coordinators

VIII PR0828171057DEN ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Project Granger Optimization Project REIS Regional Economic Information System REMI Regional Economic Models, Inc. RERT Regional Emergency Response Team RIMS Regional Industrial Multiplier System II RMP Rocky Mountain Power ROD record of development ROW right-of-way RSFD Rock Springs Fire Department RV recreational vehicle SAM social accounting matrix SCFD1 Sweetwater County Fire District #1 SCORP Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan SCSD1 Sweetwater County School District No. 1 SCSD2 Sweetwater County School District No. 2 SCSO Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office SCSWDD1 Sweetwater County Solid Waste Disposal District #1 SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act SLMC South Lincoln Medical Center STR Smith Travel Research SW WRAP Southern Wyoming - Wyoming Recovery Access Programs SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan UCSD1 Uinta County School District No. 1 UCSD4 Uinta County School District No. 4 UCSD6 Uinta County School District No. 6 UI unemployment insurance UIC Underground Injection Control UPRR Union Pacific Railroad US 30 U.S. Highway 30 USCB U.S. Census Bureau USFS U.S. Forest Service USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service W.S. Wyoming Statute WAQSR Wyoming Air Quality Standards and Regulations WBI Wyoming Behavioral Institute

PR0828171057DEN IX ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS WCDA Wyoming Community Development Authority WDE Wyoming Department of Education WDEQ Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality WDEQ-LQD Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality-Land Quality Division WDFS Wyoming Department of Family Services WDH Wyoming Department of Health WDOR Wyoming Department of Revenue WDWS Wyoming Department of Workforce Services WHP Wyoming Highway Patrol WOHS Wyoming Office of Homeland Security WQD Water Quality Division WSFM Wyoming State Fire Marshal WYDOT Wyoming Department of Transportation WYEAD Wyoming Economic Analysis Division WYPDES Wyoming Pollution Discharge Elimination System yd3 cubic yards

X PR0828171057DEN SECTION 1 Introduction

The Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (WDEQ), Industrial Siting Division (ISD) held the original jurisdictional meeting with FMC Wyoming Corporation (FMC) for the Granger Optimization Project on January 12, 2012. The Division Administrator determined the Study Area for potential impacts of the Project would include Sweetwater, Lincoln and Uinta counties. FMC submitted a permit application to WDEQ-ISD on August 13, 2012, and a permit to allow construction and operation of the Project was granted by the Wyoming Industrial Siting Council (ISC) on December 6, 2012. In April 2015, Tronox Corporation purchased the FMC Alkali Chemical Division and subsequently the Wyoming Secretary of State approved the name change to Tronox Alkali Wyoming Corporation (Tronox) on May 14, 2015. On January 29, 2016, Tronox submitted a written request to WDEQ-ISD to transfer Permit 12-02 from FMC to Tronox and also requested an extension to the deadline for commencing construction of the Project. The request was approved at the ISC quarterly meeting held in Rock Springs on March 22, 2016. The Permit amendment allowed extension of construction commencement until the second quarter of 2018 and also required that Tronox file an updated socioeconomic analysis report no later than September 15, 2017. Tronox Alkali was purchased by Genesis Energy L.P. on September 1, 2017. Appropriate corporate name changes will be completed in the fall 2017. The Applicant proposes to own, construct, and operate the Project on private lands located in Sweetwater County. The Project will feature new brine processing equipment to restore production capacity to approximately 1.3 million tons per year of soda ash using mine water as feedstock. The Project will include engineering, procurement, and construction of all equipment and facilities necessary for optimization of an existing soda ash production facility. The Project site is located in Sweetwater County, Wyoming, approximately 26 miles west of the City of Green River as shown in Figure 1-1. Specifically, the Project would be located within the existing Granger plant by adding solution processing equipment to the existing facilities. The Project site will be accessed using County Road 11 from the east and Granger Road from the west to reach the existing facility’s road network. The Project site is located near an unnamed tributary to Sevenmile Gulch, which, in turn, is tributary to Blacks Fork of the Green River. Section 2 of the report includes updated information on the Applicant, a current description of the Project and construction schedule, and the anticipated construction and operations workforce. Section 3 of the report includes the updated socioeconomic analysis, including the baseline condition, Project impacts, and cumulative impacts. Section 4 of the report includes the references used in the analysis. Appendix A includes the housing commitment summary and related correspondence. Appendix B includes an update of the Impact Assistance Calculation from the ISD.

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1-2 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 1 – INTRODUCTION

Figure 1-1. Project Site Location Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

PR0828171057DEN 1-3

SECTION 2 Applicant and Project Description

The following section is an update to the original Project permit application that was submitted in August 2012. The major Project components are the same with the primary difference being a shift in the Project construction schedule, minor revisions to the construction workforce, and an updated Project cost estimate used for the socioeconomic analysis. 2.1 Applicant Information Applicant: Fred von Ahrens Manufacturing Director Granger Facility 26 Miles West of Green River P.O. Box 872 Green River, WY 82935 (307) 875-2580 The following manager has been designated by GOP to be responsible for permitting the Project: John Lucas Environmental Team Leader Granger Facility 26 Miles West of Green River P.O. Box 872 Green River, WY 82935 (307) 872-2195 The following manager has been designated by GOP to be responsible for constructing the Project: Dan Moulden Granger Facility 26 Miles West of Green River P.O. Box 872 Green River, WY 82935 (307) 872-2342 2.2 Project Description The primary components of the Project involve processing equipment that concentrates the mine water, crystallizes and purifies the desired components, and then sends the purified components to existing equipment for crystallizing and drying the soda ash. Additional infrastructure will include control equipment, storage tanks, clarifiers, and a new cooling tower. The ongoing program of installing injection wells, extraction wells, and mine water pipelines will continue. The continuing mine water program will enhance the recovery of the leased trona resource. Construction activities will consist of equipment mobilization; preliminary site work, including clearing, leveling, and grading work; excavation; substructures and piping; and foundation work, including erection of foundations and steel structures. Major construction activities will commence in third

PR0828171057DEN 2-1 SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION quarter 2018, including mechanical and electrical work, and construction of the caustic clarifier and the new process building.

2.2.1 Process Design This description is intended to provide a general overview of the Project as it is currently conceived. Engineering design work for the Project is ongoing so certain features could change as this work is completed. A block flow diagram of the process is depicted below in Figure 2-1 and the site plan is shown in Figure 2-2, which identifies the major equipment locations relative to the existing plant facilities.

Figure 2-1. Process Block Flow Diagram Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 The Project design is based on pumping a nominal flow of mine water to the new processing equipment. This equipment will be located in Sweetwater County and will be adjacent and integral to existing equipment at the Granger facility. The new equipment for processing mine water consists of mine water concentrating vessels, sodium carbonate decahydrate crystallizers (and associated centrifuges) for impurity removal, and various ancillary fluid storage tanks. Sodium hydroxide (caustic) is used during the production of soda ash from mine water and a component of the Project is the addition of a caustic clarifier and a lime mud washer to the Granger facility’s existing caustic production plant. These new vessels will enhance recovery of caustic material while improving caustic product quality.

2.2.2 Mine Water Concentration The alkali solution originating in the underground mine workings will be pumped to an existing clarifier on the surface where fine insoluble particles will be removed. The clarified mine water then goes to other processing vessels where the sodium bicarbonate fraction of the mine water alkalinity will be converted to sodium carbonate, using proprietary technology, and a concentrated solution formed through evaporation. The bicarbonate conversion process will result in emissions of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and a small quantity of hydrogen sulfide. The hydrogen sulfide, which is formed from sodium sulfide in the mine water feedstock, will be controlled with an alkaline absorber.

2-2 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2-2 Granger Site Plan Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

PR0828171057DEN 2-3

SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION Because the bicarbonate decomposition process will not be completely efficient in converting sodium bicarbonate to sodium carbonate, a small amount of weak caustic solution will be added to the process liquor stream to further the conversion. Following the mine water concentration operation, the process liquor will proceed to existing pressure leaf filters for removal of any residual insoluble particles.

2.2.3 Decahydrate Crystallization In the next step in the process, the filtered liquor will be cooled in crystallizer vessels where sodium carbonate decahydrate crystals will be formed. The decahydrate crystallization process rejects naturally occurring soluble impurities (e.g., sodium chlorides, sodium sulfates) and provides the principal means of purifying the liquor solution to produce high-purity anhydrous sodium carbonate. The precipitated crystals will be centrifuged, to separate them from the mother liquor, and then dissolved to provide the sodium carbonate solution that will be fed to the facility’s existing monohydrate crystallizers.

2.2.4 Final Processing Final production of soda ash product involves: 1) formation of sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals in monohydrate evaporators; 2) centrifuging the crystal slurry to separate the crystals from the mother liquor; 3) removal of the residual moisture and the crystal water of hydration in rotary steam-tube dryers; 4) screening of the anhydrous product to ensure proper sizing; and 5) loadout of the soda ash product for shipment to customers. All these final processing steps take place with existing equipment in the current Granger facility soda ash plant and are not part of the Project.

2.2.5 Additional Non-Jurisdictional Project Features The Granger plant as a whole regularly undertakes minor facility projects as part of ongoing operations. Those include the installation of pipelines, wells, and access roads to supply the processing plant with mine water, and then return the processed water back to the mine for injection. Brief descriptions of ongoing projects are presented here.

2.2.6 Pipelines he pipelines will transport a dilute water and trona solution to the injection well sites and are expected to transport, on average, approximately 2,500 gallons per minute (gpm). Additionally, mine water extraction well pipelines will carry a trona mine water solution from the extraction wells to the plant facility for processing. The pipelines will be 12-inch-diameter steel and buried the entire distance.

2.2.7 Injection Wells Surface casing will be installed to approximately 100 feet or to extend below any surface water-bearing zones. Injection wells are constructed under the requirements of the Water Quality Division (WQD) Class 5B General Underground Injection Control Permit 5B1-98-1, which meets the requirements noted in WQD RR Chapter 16, Section 10(d). The general casing technique is as follows: A surface casing hole is drilled to a depth of 80 to 100 feet depending on where solid bedrock and/or near-surface groundwater is encountered. The surface casing is set in the hole and cemented in place via a tremie pipe and drill rig positive displacement pump. The main string hole is drilled to a depth usually between 20 and 40 feet, just above the target mine void. All wells will be cemented with the required bond logs. Injection wells will be pressure tested per the existing Underground Injection Control (UIC) permit. The injection wells are approved under and follow the requirements of the WQD Class 5B General UIC Permit 5B1-98-1, which includes provisions for testing on a 5-year interval from the date of first use.

PR0828171057DEN 2-5 SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.2.8 Extraction Wells Typically, extraction wells are constructed by using 13-3/8-inch steel casing or equivalent. The extraction well is drilled and the casing is cemented in place. Extraction wells are then completed by installing well screens to allow mine water to flow into the pump. Typical extraction pumps require 800 horsepower (hp) and can pump approximately 1,300 gpm.

2.2.9 Access Roads Access to the Project will be from existing county roads; however, access to the injection and extraction wells will be in the Granger Permit #454 and will be used as access roads as defined per the WDEQ, Land Quality Division (WDEQ-LQD), Noncoal Rules and Regulations, Chapter 1, Section 2(ax)(ii), and will meet the construction standards as required under WDEQ-LQD R&R Chapter 3, Section 2(i). Topsoil shall be properly salvaged and stockpiled during construction for future reclamation purposes and clearing will be a minimal width to maintain slope stability and serve traffic needs. Culverts shall be installed as necessary to control runoff and minimize erosion, sedimentation, and potential flooding. The access roads will be constructed with a travel way of approximately 14 feet in width, with 2 feet of additional taper on each side for a total gravel surface of 18 feet. Allowing for slope, diversion ditches, and berms, the typical road width disturbance will be 50 feet. The road will be crowned with a 2 percent slope. Road turnouts, typically 10 feet wide, will be constructed in certain locations. Gravel shall be placed, as needed, to accommodate all-weather access. Access roads may be reclaimed to the extent possible following construction of the injection and extraction wells but will be maintained to provide adequate access to the pipelines and well sites. The intent of reclaiming the road ditches and road slopes is to minimize the long-term disturbance.

2.2.10 Decommissioning of Dry Ore Facilities It is proposed that all dry ore equipment within the Granger mill building be removed along with the two exterior calciner stacks adjacent to the building’s north end. All removed material will be sold as-is or for scrap, unless it has no saleable or recyclable value, or can be used as spare parts elsewhere in the facility. Seven pieces of equipment must be removed to accommodate new equipment associated with the Project. These pieces are relatively small and occupy roughly 1,250 square feet on the east side of the building. The northeast corner of the mill building houses the fine ore bin, screens, and crusher in an area approximately 1,625 square feet. The entire northwest mill building quadrant contains 19,125 square feet and holds two symmetrical calciner equipment trains.

2.2.11 Tailings Pond Improvements The existing, permitted tailings pond is located 4 miles northeast of the main Granger facility. The tailings pond is used to store solution from clean tailings streams. As part of planned and ongoing projects to support the complete conversion from dry ore processing to mine water processing, the tailings pond is being modified. A decant structure will be installed to facilitate the transfer of solution from the pond to the underground mine workings for secondary recovery. Tailings impoundment dike raises will be completed in the future to accommodate tailings material as needed. 2.3 Project Schedule A revised Project schedule for the Granger Optimization Project is shown in Figure 2-3. Onsite construction is expected to begin in second quarter 2018 and be completed in the fourth quarter of 2020. Startup and commissioning activities would continue into first quarter 2021. The Project is anticipated to be 90 percent complete in second quarter 2020.

2-6 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.4 Construction Workforce Estimate The estimated average number of construction workers by calendar quarter is shown in Table 2-1 and Figure 2-4. GOP anticipates that the onsite construction workforce will vary from 47 at Project initiation in the second quarter of 2018 to a high of 310 construction trades people during the peak of construction activities in the second quarter of 2019. Over the 32-month construction period, there would be a quarterly average of 164 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers onsite.

2.4.1 Local In-State Contractor Hiring The Applicant will solicit local contractors for screening and sourcing by the general contractor and requires its general contractor to use local workers to the extent practicable. GOP and its general contractor will advise all contractors during pre-bid meetings that there are local suppliers, representatives, vendors, and labor in the local community. Additionally, employment opportunities for local workforce during both construction and operations will be posted in the local Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS), Employment Services offices in Green River and Rock Springs.

2.4.2 Local Workforce Based on past project experience, it is assumed that the proportion of local workers filling job openings will vary by trade and skill level. Overall, GOP estimates 25 percent of the local construction workforce may be employed by the Project for the following trades: painters, insulators, boilermakers, electricians, millwrights, pipefitters, ironworkers, carpenters, operators, laborers, and indirect labor staff, to include, supervisors, laborers, trash collection, scaffold builders, engineers, and general office support staff. Based on these workforce assumptions, during the construction period of 32 months, the Project would employ as many as 77 local workers and the average quarterly local employment over the construction period would number 41 jobs. Table 2-2 shows the local workers estimated for each construction quarter. Figure 2-5 is the graphical presentation of the local workforce breakdown.

2.4.3 Non-Local Workforce Based on the type of labor required to construct the facility, the majority of the construction workers are anticipated to be non-local and enter the region. Table 2-3 shows the non-local workers estimated for each construction quarter. Figure 2-6 is the graphical presentation of the non-local workforce breakdown. Based on these workforce assumptions, during the 32-month construction period, the Project could employ as many as 233 non-local workers and quarterly non-local employment could average 123 jobs.

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2-8 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2-3. Project Schedule Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

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SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Table 2-1. Total Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Occupational Code Skill 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 2019 2020 2020 2020 2020 2021

47-1011 Indirects 27 54 107 115 117 99 74 61 64 34 10 10 17-2000

47-2061 Laborers 5 10 19 14 9 9 5 5 5 5 2 0

47-2073 Operators 5 10 19 14 9 9 5 5 5 5 5 5

47-2031 Carpenters 10 15 15 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2221 Ironworkers 0 0 25 25 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2152 Pipefitters 0 0 0 0 40 70 70 70 30 0 0 0

49-9044 Millwrights 0 0 10 10 30 20 10 10 10 10 4 0

47-2111 Electricians 0 30 0 0 0 40 40 40 40 0 0 0

47-2011 Boilermakers 0 0 80 80 80 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2130 Insulators 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0

47-2140 Painters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0

Total Workforce 47 119 275 268 310 272 204 191 186 54 21 15

Source: Tronox, 2017

PR0828171057DEN 2-11 SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Construction Workforce - Total 350

300

250 Painters Insulators Boilermakers 200 Electricians Millwrights

150 Pipefitters

Number of Workers Ironworkers Carpenters 100 Operators Laborers Indirects 50

0 Q2 2018 Q3 2018 Q4 2018 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 2018 2019 2020 2021 Quarter/Year

Figure 2-4. Total Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

2-12 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Table 2-2. Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Occupational Code Skill 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 2019 2020 2020 2020 2020 2021

47-1011 Indirects 7 14 27 29 29 25 19 15 16 8 3 3 17-2000

47-2061 Laborers 1 2 5 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0

47-2073 Operators 1 2 5 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

47-2031 Carpenters 3 4 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2221 Ironworkers 0 0 6 6 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2152 Pipefitters 0 0 0 0 10 18 18 18 8 0 0 0

49-9044 Millwrights 0 0 2 2 8 5 2 3 3 3 1 0

47-2111 Electricians 0 8 0 0 0 10 10 10 10 0 0 0

47-2011 Boilermakers 0 0 20 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2130 Insulators 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0

47-2140 Painters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0

Total Workforce 12 30 69 67 77 68 51 48 47 13 5 4

Source: Tronox, 2017

PR0828171057DEN 2-13 SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Construction Workforce - Local 90

Painters 60 Insulators Boilermakers 50 Electricians Millwrights 40 Pipefitters

Number of Workers Ironworkers 30 Carpenters Operators

20 Laborers Indirects

0 Q2 2018 Q3 2018 Q4 2018 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 2018 2019 2020 2021 Quarter/Year

Figure 2-5. Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

2-14 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Table 2-3. Non-Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Occupational Code Skill 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 2019 2020 2020 2020 2020 Q1 2021

47-1011 Indirects 20 40 80 86 88 74 55 46 48 26 7 7 17-2000

47-2061 Laborers 4 8 14 10 7 7 4 4 4 4 2 0

47-2073 Operators 4 8 14 10 7 7 4 4 4 4 4 4

47-2031 Carpenters 7 11 11 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2221 Ironworkers 0 0 19 19 19 19 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2152 Pipefitters 0 0 0 0 30 52 52 52 22 0 0 0

49-9044 Millwrights 0 0 8 8 22 15 8 7 7 7 3 0

47-2111 Electricians 0 22 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 0 0 0

47-2011 Boilermakers 0 0 60 60 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

47-2130 Insulators 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0

47-2140 Painters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0

Total Workforce 35 89 206 201 233 204 153 143 139 41 16 11

Source: Tronox, 2017

PR0828171057DEN 2-15 SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Construction Workforce - Non-Local 250

200

Painters Insulators 150 Boilermakers Electricians Millwrights Pipefitters 100 Number of Workers Ironworkers Carpenters Operators Laborers 50 Indirects

0 Q2 2018 Q3 2018 Q4 2018 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 2018 2019 2020 2021 Quarter/Year

Figure 2-6. Non-Local Construction Workforce Breakdown by Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

2-16 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 2 – APPLICANT AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.5 Operations Workforce A long-term benefit of the Project comes from the permanent employees who will operate and maintain the facility. Upon completion, operation of the Project is expected to require approximately 26 full-time employees. The full-time job classifications and estimated number of personnel are displayed in Table 2-4. It is anticipated that the Project will have an initial operations workforce in place in late 2020. Employees will be full-time over the calendar year and the anticipated life of the Project.

Table 2-4. Estimated Operations Workforce Summary by Job Classification Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Job Classification Number of Personnel

Supervisor 4

Engineering 2

Administrative/Clerical 2

Operators 9

Maintenance Engineering 2

Mechanics 5

Electricians 2

Total Operations Staff 26

Source: Tronox, 2017

PR0828171057DEN 2-17

SECTION 3 Socioeconomic Analysis

3.1 Introduction Section 3 is organized into six major subsections that address the following topics: • Regulatory jurisdiction, which describes the statutory background germane to treatment of socioeconomic resources • Methodology, which addresses the following topics: – Recommended area of site influence, Study Area, and local governments primarily affected by the proposed industrial facility – Impact analysis methodology • Inventory and evaluation of social and economic conditions and impact assessment, which addresses existing conditions and Project-induced impacts occurring during both the construction and operation phases. This subsection is further divided on a resource-specific basis as follows: – Population – Economic and fiscal conditions – Housing and housing availability analysis – Public education – Public safety . Fire protection services . Law enforcement services . Crime – Health care – Municipal services . Wastewater treatment facilities . Water distribution and treatment facilities . Non-hazardous waste collection and disposal . Electricity service . Natural gas service – Human service facilities – Community recreation facilities • Summary of Impacts • Cumulative impacts • Analysis and mitigation 3.2 Regulatory Jurisdiction and Definitions As discussed in the permit history provided in Section 1. Introduction, this updated socioeconomic report conforms with the regulations in place at the time when the original application was filed. Title 35 − Public Health and Safety, Chapter 12 − Industrial Development and Siting of the Statutes of the State of Wyoming provided guidance relative to the socioeconomic topics of concern that were addressed during the original permit application process. A number of aspects of the socioeconomic environment

PR0828171057DEN 3-1 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS could experience benefits or adverse impacts associated with construction and operation of the proposed facility. These aspects are addressed in this report and include economic base, housing, transportation, sewer and water facilities, solid waste facilities, police and fire facilities, educational facilities, health and hospital facilities, human service capabilities, and community recreation amenities. According to the statute, the Wyoming Industrial Siting Council (ISC) will grant a permit, either as proposed or as modified by the Council, if it finds and determines that the facility will not pose a threat of serious injury to the environment, the social and economic condition, or inhabitants or expected inhabitants in the affected areas and will not substantially impair the health, safety, or welfare of the inhabitants. For the purposes of the permit application, the definitions of “health,” “safety,” and “welfare” provided in the statutes are as follows: • Health will mean the state of being sound in body or mind and includes psychological as well as physical well-being. • Safety will mean freedom from fear of injury or threat of injury. Such injury or threat of injury may be premised on crime rates, traffic accident rates, dangers of industrial accidents or mishaps, or other similar considerations. • Welfare will mean considerations of public convenience, public well-being, and general prosperity. The term also properly covers those subjects encompassed under health and safety. Guidance is provided in the Wyoming statutes regarding information that should be included in the permit application and includes area of site influence and local governments primarily affected by the proposed industrial facility, construction and operations workforce estimates, and inventory and evaluation of the social and economic conditions in the area of site influence. 3.3 Methodology The following four geometries, established by the Rule above and defined by either the ISD or GOP, are used for the Industrial Development Information and Siting Act (ISA) socioeconomic analysis: • A Study Area of Sweetwater, Uinta, and Lincoln counties is the boundary for study of socioeconomic impacts; it was established by the ISD at the Jurisdictional Meeting held January 10, 2012, and reaffirmed for the purposes of this update; • The areas of site influence are defined by GOP to mean the areas that may be affected environmentally, socially, or economically, in any significant degree, by the location of the industrial facility at the proposed site. A separate “area of influence” (AOI) may be considered for each of the resource areas discussed in Section 3.4; • The area primarily affected is recommended by GOP and determined by the WDEQ-ISD after examination of the application and other data. Identifies persons eligible to become parties to the permit, identifies those local governments eligible for impact assistance payments, and identifies those who will receive certain statutory notice and copies of the application; and • The area substantially affected is also determined by WDEQ-ISD and includes those local governments in the Area Primarily Affected who did not become parties; such receive certain statutory notice.

3.3.1 Area of Site Influence, Local Governments Primarily Affected, and Study Area

3.3.1.1 Area of Site Influence An area of site influence contains locations that may be affected environmentally, socially, or economically, in any significant degree, by the proposed location of the industrial facility. A local

3-2 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS government primarily affected by the proposed industrial facility means any defined geographical area or unit of local government or special district in which the construction and operation of the industrial facility may significantly affect the environment, population, level of economic wellbeing, or level of social services, or may threaten the health, safety, or welfare of present or expected inhabitants. Any such local government body or special district is within the area of site influence. Pursuant to statute, GOP evaluated the potential area of site influence and local governments primarily affected by the proposed Project. Primary criteria that factored into the area of site influence recommendation are as follows: 1. Within a commuting distance of approximately 100 miles or less from the work site; 2. Within a daily one-way commute time of approximately 90 minutes or less from the work site; 3. Supply of temporary housing units versus peak construction workforce; 4. Distribution of the existing Granger area workforce; and 5. Size of population (i.e., as an indicator for labor supply and urban amenities). These five criteria were used in identifying communities likely to capture 1 percent or more of allocated workers. 1. Commuting Distance of 100 Miles or Less from the Project. Commuting distance can come into play in defining the area of site influence in two ways. First, members of the local workforce residing in communities within commuting distance may choose to commute to the Project site to take advantage of the employment opportunity offered by the Project. Second, non-local workers may decide to relocate to communities within driving distance of the Project. The Project, named the Granger Optimization Project, will be constructed within the existing plant boundaries, which are located approximately 6.5 miles northeast of the Town of Granger in Sweetwater County. It is also readily accessible from communities in Lincoln and Uinta counties via Interstate 80 (I-80) and US Highway 30 (US 30). The existing Granger site is accessed by taking exit 66, US 30 north, from I-80 and driving approximately 6 miles before turning right towards County Road 11/ Texasgulf Road for 4 miles, and then left on to Texasgulf Road, which dead ends at the Granger site. The driving distances were computed from the origins to just beyond the guard shack at the existing perimeter fence (41° 40' 30.71", -109° 54' 15.30). The City of Green River, the County seat, is located approximately 45 minutes away, while the largest community in Sweetwater County in terms of population, the City of Rock Springs, is located about 70 minutes east of the Project site. Table 3-1 illustrates the driving distance in miles and minutes (Columns C and D) from communities (Column B) in Sweetwater County (Column A) as well as the western adjacent counties of Uinta and Lincoln in Wyoming and Daggett County in Utah. Three other counties, Carbon, Fremont, and Sublette, are located contiguous (north and east) to Sweetwater County; however, none of the communities within these adjacent counties meets the distance criterion. Although not included in the Study Area, Utah communities within commuting distance are also shown because they are realistically within driving distance from the Project. The following communities meet the commuting distance criterion of 100 miles or less from the Project site: • Sweetwater County – Granger, Little America, Green River, Rock Springs, Farson, Arrowhead Springs, and Superior; • Lincoln County - Diamondville, Kemmerer, La Barge, and Cokeville; • Uinta County - Lyman, Fort Bridger, Mountain View, and Evanston; and • Daggett County, Utah – Dutch John and Manila (Flaming Gorge Area).

PR0828171057DEN 3-3 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-1. Communities Identified as Within Recommended Area of Site Influence and Relevant Housing Statistics Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Distance (minutes) Number of % of Non- Distance (miles) from from Work Site Used Population Number of Number of RV Available Rental Local County Community Work Site Used in Model in Model (2015 ACS) Rooms sites Units (2015 ACS) Workers

A B C D E F G H

Sweetwater County

Arrowhead Springs CDP 52.8 81 49

Bairoil, Town of 190 207 111

Farson CDP 52 71 425 10

Granger, Town of 9.1 25 138 1

Green River, City of 30 48 12,604 402 89 115 45

Little America, CDP 15 29 74 140 5

Rock Springs, City of 49 67 23,869 1488 226 283 40

Superior, Town of 69 88 265 4

Wamsutter, Town of 113 126 360 8 24

Sweetwater Total 37,895 2048 315 426

Lincoln County

Afton, Town of 143 158 1,959 78 56 14

Alpine, Town of 192 214 771 124 38 34

Cokeville, Town of 91 103 508 40 13

Diamondville, Town of 48 67 644 43 1

Kemmerer, City of 49 68 2,692 140 107 117 3

La Barge, Town of 69 83 467 39 14

Thayne, Town of 181 199 457 63 339 14

3-4 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

A B C D E F G H

Lincoln Total 7,498 527 553 193

Uinta County

Evanston, City of 85 100 12,213 961 128 221

Fort Bridger, CDP 49 66 249 38 38 2

Lyman, Town of 43 60 2,249 28 70 22 3

Mountain View, Town of 57 81 1,293 6

Uinta Total 16,004 1,033 236 243

Area of Site Influence Total 42,519 2,279 530 537

Study Area Total 61,397 3,608 1,104 862

Daggett County, UT

Dutch John CDP 100 125 143 48 60

Flaming Gorge/Manila 77 99 218 13 214 3

Daggett Total 361 51 274 3

Notes: NA = Not Available Italics = 100 miles or less one-way commuting distance; bold italics = 90 minute or less one-way commuting time. Distances measured to the Granger guard shack, coordinates: +41° 40' 30.71", -109° 54' 15.30. Sources: CH2M, 2017; USCB, 2015a; USCB, 2015b.

PR0828171057DEN 3-5 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS 2. Daily One-Way Commute of Approximately 90 Minutes or Less It is reasonable to assume that non-local workers will not spend any more of their work day commuting than is necessary, especially when suitable accommodations can be found relatively close to the Project site. Column D of Table 3-1 shows the one-way commuting times for the communities in the Study Area. The list of communities with a daily one-way commute of approximately 90 minutes or less from the Project site excludes the Daggett County, Utah, communities as well as Cokeville in Lincoln County and Evanston in Uinta County. No new communities that meet this criterion were identified. 3. Supply of Temporary Housing Units versus Peak Construction Workforce The supply of temporary housing units, such as rental units, hotels, and recreational vehicle (RV) sites, relative to the anticipated size of the construction workforce is another factor that can constrain worker location choices. It is reasonable to assume that any workers who temporarily relocate to work on the Project will prefer suitable accommodations that are close to the Project site with relatively urban amenities. This will minimize their daily commute and provide access to shopping, restaurants, leisure activities, and other entertainment. Construction at the site is expected to start in second quarter 2018. The average non-local construction workforce is estimated at 143 for the 30-month construction duration, and the peak non-local construction workforce is estimated at 233 during the second quarter of 2019. Table 3-1 summarizes three potential sources of temporary housing for the Study Area: hotel/ motel rooms, (Column F), RV sites (Column G), and available rental housing units (Column H). There are approximately 729 temporary housing units and 137 available rental units in three of the four communities within a 60-minute drive from the Project site (CH2M, 2012; USCB, 2015b). Little America, the closest community offering temporary housing, has approximately 140 rooms within a 30-minute drive. A larger supply of temporary housing, which includes available 115 rental units, 402 rooms, and 89 RV sites, is available in the City of Green River, located about 50 minutes to the southeast. The Town of Lyman, located approximately 60 minutes to the southwest in Uinta County, has 22 rental units available, 28 hotel rooms, and 70 RV sites. However, the largest supply of temporary housing of any community within a 90-minute drive of the Project site is in the City of Rock Springs, located slightly more than 60 minutes to the east, with a total of 1,488 hotel/ motel rooms, 283 available rental units, and 226 RV sites. The City of Kemmerer in Lincoln County, an approximate 65- to 70-minute drive northwest of the Project site, offers 117 available rental units, 140 hotel rooms, and 107 RV sites. Although other communities within a 90-minute drive, such as Arrowhead Springs, Cokeville, Granger, Fort Bridger, Diamondville, and Farson, offer limited temporary housing options, it is unlikely the number of workers would represent 1 percent of the workforce given adequate opportunities closer to the site. Finally, it is noted that the nearby Utah communities may also have a supply of temporary housing, but those housing alternatives are not pertinent to determining the area of site influence for Wyoming. 4. Size of Population The size of the resident population of each of the communities (Table 3-1, Column E) is also shown to indicate the potential availability of local workers as well as to approximate the level of local services and amenities offered for the non-local portion of the construction workforce. In 2015, approximately 15,065 people resided in the four communities located within a 60-minute drive from the Project site and 45,018 in the 13 communities within a 90-minute drive. Rock Springs is the largest population center with about 23,869 residents in 2015, followed by Green River with 12,604. Kemmerer, Lyman, and Mountain View each also had more than 1,000 residents in 2015. The balance of the communities have small populations without sizeable permanent workforces or urban amenities to contribute to the Project. Rock Springs is likely to have local support services and materials to meet the unspecialized needs of the Project as well as transportation facilities to accept shipments from outside the region. In contrast, Diamondville in Lincoln County and Fort Bridger in Uinta County are both within commuting

3-6 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS distance of the Project, but due to their small population sizes, neither community is likely to supply a sizeable number of workers nor be a provider of temporary housing. 5. Distribution of the Existing Granger Area Workforce The distribution of the existing Granger area workforce is also a valuable indicator of communities able to contribute local workers or to support a non-local portion of the workforce. GOP operates two major production facilities in southwest Wyoming, with more than 900 employees that solution mine (at the Granger facility) and dry mine (at the Westvaco facility) trona. As of November 2011, GOP estimated that 98 percent of its operations’ employees live in Sweetwater (68 percent) or Uinta County (30 percent). The remaining 2 percent commuted from Lincoln County to the Sweetwater County GOP facilities, with a limited number of people living in Sublette and Fremont counties as well as in Utah. 6. Recommended Area of Site Influence and Area Primarily Affected The data presented in Table 3-1 suggest recommending the area of primary influence to include portions of Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta counties, particularly the cities of Green River and Rock Springs, and, to a lesser extent, the communities along I-80 in Uinta County and US 30 in Lincoln County. All these Wyoming communities are within commuting distance and have a sufficient population size to contribute at least 1 percent toward the supply of the construction workforce and/or supply of temporary housing to accommodate at least 1 percent of the construction workforce. Commuter behavior takes place under time and distance constraints, and applying the criteria previously outlined would exclude many of the listed communities. Factoring in all five criteria, it is estimated that the temporary residence choices made by the Granger non-local workforce would be as follows: • Town of Granger – 1 percent • City of Green River – 45 percent • City of Rock Springs – 40 percent • Little America CDP – 5 percent • Town of Lyman – 3 percent • Fort Bridger CDP – 2 percent • Town of Diamondville – 1 percent • City of Kemmerer – 3 percent The area of site influence, as recommended by the Applicant, is detailed in Table 3-1 and illustrated in Figure 3-1. The recommended area of site influence is displayed in Figure 3-1. Given the availability of housing alternatives and common amenities accessible to the Project site via I-80 and US 30 at the apex of Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta counties, the neighboring communities outside of this horizontal wishbone-shaped site of influence have been eliminated from the list of likely residence communities. Communities were excluded based the distribution of GOP’s current workforce residence location, a lack of temporary housing, or excessive driving distances from the Project site. Communities with a daily one- way commute of approximately 90 minutes or less excludes the communities in Daggett County, Utah, both Wamsutter and Bairoil in Sweetwater County, Afton, Alpine, Cokeville, and Thayne in Lincoln County, and Evanston in Uinta County. Of those communities within a 90-minute drive from the Project site, Arrowhead Springs, Farson, and Superior in Sweetwater County were eliminated due to their relative lack of temporary housing stock, as was LaBarge in Lincoln County and Mountain View in Uinta County. The majority of construction and operations workers are expected to reside within this recommended area of site influence and its communities; therefore, GOP has concentrated its efforts at securing housing commitments for non-local workers in these communities.

PR0828171057DEN 3-7 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.3.1.2 Local Governments Primarily Affected by the Project A local government primarily affected by the proposed industrial facility includes any defined geographical area, unit of local government, or special district in which the construction and operation of the industrial facility may significantly affect the environment, population, level of economic wellbeing, or level of social services, or may threaten the health, safety, or welfare of present or expected inhabitants. Any such local government body or special district is within the area of site influence. It is generally accepted that the biggest concern is the drain temporary workers can place on local public services and quality of life. Local Governments Primarily Affected by the Proposed Industrial Facility. Based on the recommended delineation of the area of site influence presented previously, the Applicant deems that local governments primarily affected by a temporary workforce associated with the proposed industrial facility would include the following: • Sweetwater County and the cities of Green River and Rock Springs, the Town of Granger, and the Little America Community. • Lincoln County and the City of Kemmerer and Town of Diamondville. • Uinta County and the Town of Lyman and the Fort Bridger Community. Local Governments Primarily Unaffected by the Proposed Industrial Facility. From Table 3-1, it is recommended that those communities within Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta counties not listed above be excluded from the area of site influence. This recommendation for excluding other communities is based on their relatively lengthy commuting times and/or lack of appropriate accommodations and urban amenities when compared to availability within 60 minutes of the Project site. The following local governments are in the Study Area but are expected to be unaffected by the Project: • Communities in Daggett County, Utah • Arrowhead Springs, Bairoil, Farson, Superior, and Wamsutter in Sweetwater County • Afton, Alpine, Cokeville, LaBarge, and Thayne in Lincoln County • Evanston and Mountain View in Uinta County

3.3.1.3 Study Area The socioeconomic impact analysis methodology involves a description of existing (i.e., baseline) conditions for a geographical area that is expected to be broader than the area ultimately recommended for the area of site influence. This conservatively large area is referred to as the Study Area. The data gathered on existing conditions for the Study Area are intended to support a determination of which areas and governments within the broader area to include or omit from the area of site influence. The counties comprising the Study Area were identified early in the analysis and in consultation with the ISD as the county where the proposed Project will be located − Sweetwater County − and each of the neighboring counties to the west (i.e., Uinta and Lincoln). It is anticipated that most of the direct and secondary economic impacts associated with construction and operation of the proposed Project would occur within the Study Area, and that any remaining economic impacts would be dispersed and not significant. It is also expected that the Study Area will provide the workforce for the Project, including the provision of temporary housing for workers that relocate to the area to fill gaps in the specialized skills of the local workforce, if any. Finally, it is anticipated that any stress on existing community services that may be caused by an influx of temporary workers or on local infrastructure to accommodate constructing and operating the Project would be contained within the Study Area.

3-8 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Figure 3-1. Recommended Area of Site Influence and Counties Comprising Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

PR0828171057DEN 3-9

SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Analysis of the data obtained for the broader Study Area is to examine potential relationships between the proposed Project and the various types of socioeconomic resources, identify the area and jurisdictions that are primarily affected, and provide the rationale for excluding areas from the area primarily affected. For example, economic impacts are mainly associated with the purchase of equipment, materials, goods, and services required for construction and operation of the Project, and expenditures made by workers for personal items. It is likely that economic impacts will be centered in Green River and Rock Springs in Sweetwater County due to their proximity to the Project, their relative size, and their historical association with the mining industry, i.e., the economies of these communities have historically focused on supporting mining activities. Rock Springs offers purveyors of goods and services likely to be purchased in support of construction activities as well as by individuals for personal items. The nearby communities of Lyman and Fort Bridger in Uinta County as well as Kemmerer and Diamondville in Lincoln County could contribute to the Project workforce and provide some materials and services to the Project and its employees. All other urban areas that could contain industries potentially affected by the proposed Project are relatively distant and located outside the Study Area. Another factor contributing to the inclusion or exclusion of areas to or from the area primarily affected is commuting patterns. Typically, the large majority of persons working in any county reside in the same county. Commuter flows relate directly to the number of job opportunities at specific destinations and the driving time required to access those destinations from a place of residence. Table 3-2 summarizes the distribution of incoming (inflow) and departing (outflow) commuters by county for the Study Area for the third quarter of 2016. Of the 5,019 commuters entering Sweetwater County, 53 percent were from an unknown origin, 19 percent traveled from Uinta County, and approximately 5 percent were from Carbon County. More than 56 percent of those residing in Uinta County and 8 percent of those in Lincoln County commuted in to Sweetwater County for employment. Information published by the U.S. Census Bureau (USCB) regarding commuting patterns for residents of Sweetwater County and persons who work in Sweetwater County in 2013 is shown in Table 3-3. Approximately 80 percent of the people, or nearly 15,900 residents, who work in Sweetwater County, also reside there. There is little evidence of a strong linkage to any other county with between 2 to 4 percent are residents of Uinta, Freemont, Sublette, or Natrona counties. These commuting patterns show that few residents of counties outside the recommended area of site influence choose to commute to Sweetwater County.

3.3.2 Impact Assistance Methodology Potential impacts associated with the proposed facility are driven by several factors, including direct construction and operations workers currently residing in the area; direct workers newly entering the region for a limited time; additional service workers required to support these direct workers; and the local purchase of equipment, supplies, materials, and services necessary for construction and operation of the facility. Where appropriate, level of service (LOS) ratios are calculated for resources and comparisons are made with statewide, national, and local ratios to provide a perspective for impact assessment. LOS ratios express the quantity of a service (e.g., the number of firefighters or law enforcement officers in a service area) in relation to the population in the respective service area (e.g., per 10,000 residents). These ratios provide a means of comparing service levels across service areas and over time or against target or standard levels. LOS ratios are used to estimate the number of additional service personnel required to meet the demands of new residents while maintaining existing service levels. If it appears that the resources are unlikely to be able to accommodate the new demands of the Project, then mitigation measures are proposed.

PR0828171057DEN 3-11 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-2. Inter-County Commuter Flows for Sweetwater, Uinta, and Lincoln Counties (3rd Quarter 2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Share of Share of Share of Share of Share of County of Share of Inflow Outflow from Inflow to Uinta Outflow Inflow to Outflow Origin or Sweetwater to Sweetwater Sweetwater Sweetwater Uinta Uinta Outflo from Uinta Lincoln Lincoln Lincoln from Lincoln Destination Inflow County Outflow County Inflow County w County Inflow County Outflow County

Albany 57 1% 131 7% 33 2% 71 4% 15 1% 46 2%

Big Horn 18 0% 13 1% 5 0% 0 0% 0 0% 12 1%

Campbell 107 2% 96 5% 34 2% 19 1% 9 1% 18 1%

Carbon 233 5% 117 6% 13 1% 25 1% 5 0% 5 0%

Converse 29 1% 17 1% 5 0% 8 0% 10 1% 9 0%

Crook 8 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Fremont 195 4% 118 6% 38 2% 17 1% 28 2% 27 1%

Goshen 15 0% 6 0% 5 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Hot Springs 6 0% 15 1% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 6 0%

Johnson 5 0% 7 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Laramie 84 2% 132 7% 35 2% 125 7% 15 1% 39 2%

Lincoln 163 3% 56 3% 181 9% 185 11%

Natrona 199 4% 339 18% 37 2% 76 4% 28 2% 45 2%

Niobrara 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Park 25 0% 43 2% 15 1% 19 1% 17 1% 14 1%

Platte 20 0% 7 0% 11 1% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Sheridan 24 0% 31 2% 21 1% 10 1% 10 1% 14 1%

Sublette 132 3% 125 6% 21 1% 14 1% 100 6% 145 7%

Sweetwater 208 11% 976 56% 56 3% 163 8%

Teton 24 0% 74 4% 0 0% 28 2% 178 11% 1248 58%

3-12 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Uinta 976 19% 208 11% 185 11% 181 8%

Washakie 12 0% 10 1% 168 9% 6 0% 0 0% 10 0%

Weston 10 0% 5 0% 7 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%

Unknown 2677 53% 385 20% 1129 57% 156 9% 959 59% 160 7%

Total 5,019 23% 1,935 1,966 20% 1,735 1,615 21% 2,142 Commuters

Total Resident 22,135 9,659 7,706 Workers

To/ From Other 1139 264 389 1161 241 344 2 Study Area Counties

Source: Wyoming Department of Employment, 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-13 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-3. Workplaces of Sweetwater County Residents and Places of Residence of Persons Working in Sweetwater County, 2013 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Places of Work of Persons Residing in Places of Residence of Persons Working in Sweetwater County Sweetwater County

Count Share Count Share

Total Primary Jobs 19,721 23,029

Sweetwater County 15,862 80% 15,862 69%

Rock Springs, City of 8,281 42% 8,675 38%

Green River, City of 2,781 14% 4,562 20%

North Rock Springs CDP 815 4% 953 4%

James Town CDP 433 2% 166 1%

Wamsutter, Town of 400 2% 76 Less than 1%

Clearview Acres CDP 349 2%

Reliance CDP 321 2% 253 1%

Lincoln County 221 1% 390 2%

Uinta County 579 3% 1,501 7%

Evanston, City of 498 3% 407 2%

Lyman, Town of 31 Less than 1% 295 1%

Other Locations > 1%

Carbon County 248 1% 736 3%

Fremont County 310 2% 392 2%

Natrona County 585 3% 907 4%

Sublette County 358 2% 445 2%

Laramie County 177 1% 223 1%

All Other Locations 1,381 7% 3,355 15%

Notes:

Entities representing greater than 1 percent of the total workforce. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2013.

3.3.2.1 Regional Economic Analysis The economic impacts occurring in a local economy associated with the introduction of new business activity are based primarily on employee compensation, purchases made by the new business, and taxes paid to local governments. Thus, the positive economic impact on local businesses is expected to be consistent with the degree to which local businesses are able to supply the needs of new businesses and their employees. Conversely, if local businesses cannot meet the needs of new businesses or their employees, or cannot do so in a cost-competitive manner, then purchases may occur outside of the local economy. Purchases made outside of the local area represent leakages of money out of the local

3-14 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS economy. Profits of the new business also leak out of the local economy if the owners or stockholders reside outside the local area. To measure local economic impacts, this report focuses on projected wages and salaries, business purchases, and taxes collected by local municipal and county governments. To estimate the total economic impacts of a project or new business activity, the analysis takes into account the concept that employee wages and business purchases have a “ripple effect” in an economy. The new business will purchase some of its required materials, supplies, and services in the local economy, and local businesses will hire some new employees and purchase materials and services from other businesses to meet demand, creating what are known as indirect effects. Likewise, employees at the new business or project will spend a portion of their wages at local stores and businesses, creating “induced effects.” In this way, the economic impact of the new business or project spreads in the local economy. The portions of employee wages and business purchases that are made outside of the local economy result in leakages out of the local economy. Collectively, indirect and induced effects are referred to as “secondary impacts.” In their entirety, all the previously discussed changes (direct and secondary) are referred to as “total economic impacts.” By their nature, total impacts are greater than initial changes because of secondary effects. The magnitude of the increase is what is popularly termed a “multiplier effect.” To estimate the total economic impacts due to this ripple effect, economic multipliers are used in conjunction with the direct employment, wages, business purchases, and taxes paid. The direct impacts are multiplied by the economic multiplier to yield an estimate of the overall economic impact of the new business or project. Multipliers are generated by economic input-output (I-O) models that account for linkages between sectors in an economy. An I-O analysis estimates the dollar value of change in regional economic activity associated with economic linkages and leakages. The economic system, consisting of producers and consumers, is divided into various sectors that are defined in terms of the resources they require as inputs and what they produce as outputs. The quantities of inputs and outputs for a given period, usually expressed in monetary terms, are entered into an I-O matrix to enable the analysis of impacts within and across various sectors of an economy where growth and decline take place, as well as what effects various policies may have. A number of regional economic analysis modeling systems (consisting of data and analytical software) are available for use in regional economic analysis. An I-O approach is used here for estimating the secondary effects of the Project. A number of I-O models exist, including Impact Analysis for Planning (IMPLAN); Regional Economic Models, Inc. (REMI); and Regional Industrial Multiplier System II (RIMS). These modeling systems all contain computer databases used to create I-O models for any combination of U.S. counties. For this Project, IMPLAN was used to estimate the indirect and induced impacts associated with implementation of the Project.

3.3.2.2 Impact Analysis for Planning Model IMPLAN was originally developed by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to assist in land and resource management planning. The IMPLAN package includes 1) estimates of final demands and final payments for counties developed from government data; 2) a national average matrix of technical coefficients; 3) mathematical tools that help the user build the I O model; and 4) tools that allow the user to change data, conduct impact analysis, and generate reports. 3.4 Inventory, Evaluation, and Impact Assessment by Social and Economic Resource Areas Social and economic conditions in the geographical area likely to experience impacts associated with construction and operation of the industrial facility are inventoried and evaluated as they currently

PR0828171057DEN 3-15 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS exist, projected as they would exist in the future without the proposed facility, and as they would exist with the facility. Following this evaluation, an assessment is presented of the potential Project-induced impacts during both construction and operation phases. The resources addressed are as follow: • Population – Historical trends, density and distribution, age, race and ethnicity, poverty status, migration, and projections • Economic and Fiscal Conditions – Employment and unemployment, employment by industrial sector, earnings and income, commuting and housing-jobs balance, construction industry, government revenues and finances (property values, sales taxes, use taxes, lodging taxes, impact assistance funds), finances (revenues and expenditures), and future conditions by sector • Housing – Permanent housing (housing stock characteristics, construction activity, home values and rental housing costs, rental housing vacancies, housing needs), and temporary housing (hotel, motels, and RV spaces) • Public Education – Educational facilities, student enrollment, and student-teacher ratios • Public Safety – Fire protection services, law enforcement services, and crime • Health Care – Location and characteristics of personnel and facilities, and health needs of existing population • Municipal Services – Wastewater treatment, water treatment and distribution, non-hazardous waste collection and disposal, electricity service, and natural gas services • Human Service Facilities – Family services, including child support enforcement, family assistance, and social services • Community Recreation Facilities – Recreational facilities, programs, and urban outdoor recreational opportunities

3.4.1 Population This subsection inventories and evaluates the population in the Study Area. Characteristics researched include historical trends, age composition, and migration patterns in the Study Area. Population characteristics that are important in determining the location and availability of the local labor force include the location of population centers and the age distribution of the population (i.e., the identification of areas where persons of working age reside).

3.4.1.1 Existing Conditions Historical Population Trends. Historical population data for the Study Area are summarized in Table 3-4, while Table 3-5 presents the decade-to-decade population change. With approximately 84,000 residents in 2015 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2015), the Study Area has consistently represented 10 to 15 percent of Wyoming’s overall population since the 1940s (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2013).

3-16 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-4. Population Trends in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Year 2015 Area 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Estimate Sweetwater County 19,407 22,017 17,920 18,391 41,723 38,823 37,613 43,806 44,772 Bairoil, Town of - - - - - 228 97 106 111 Granger, Town of 163 122 159 137 177 126 146 139 138 Green River, City of 2,640 3,187 3,497 4,196 12,807 12,711 11,808 12,515 12,604 Rock Springs, City of 9,827 10,857 10,371 11,657 19,458 19,050 18,708 23,036 23,869 Superior, Town of 1,240 1,580 241 197 586 273 244 336 265 Wamsutter, Town of 169 103 110 139 681 240 261 451 360

Lincoln County 10,286 9,023 9,018 8,640 12,177 12,625 14,573 18,106 18,316

Afton, Town of 1,211 1,319 1,337 1,290 1,481 1,394 1,818 1,911 1,959 Alpine, Town of - - - - - 200 550 828 771 Cokeville, Town of 452 440 545 440 515 493 506 535 508 Diamondville, Town of 586 415 398 485 1,000 864 716 737 644 Kemmerer, City of 2,026 1,667 2,028 2,292 3,273 3,020 2,651 2,656 2,692 La Barge, Town of - - - - 302 493 431 551 467 Opal, Town of - - 78 67 55 95 102 96 79 Star Valley Ranch, ------1,503 1,342 Town of Thayne, Town of - 229 214 195 256 267 341 366 457 Uinta County 7,223 7,331 7,484 7,100 13,021 18,705 19,742 21,118 20,930 Bear River, Town of ------518 674 Evanston, City of 3,605 3,863 4,901 4,462 6,265 10,903 11,507 12,359 12,213 Lyman, Town of 378 483 425 643 2,284 1,896 1,938 2,115 2,249 Mountain View, - - - - 628 1,189 1,153 1,286 1,293 Town of Study Area 36,916 38,371 34,422 34,131 66,921 70,153 71,928 83,030 84,018 Wyoming 250,742 290,529 330,066 332,416 469,557 453,588 493,782 563,626 579,679 As Percent of State 15% 13% 10% 10% 14% 15% 15% 15% 14% Note: - Signifies no data available for that year. Sources: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2013. Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-17 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS The individual cities as well as the overall three-county Study Area have seen the boom-and-bust cycle common in Wyoming in the 20th century, with tremendous growth seen in the 1970s followed by a rapid slowdown, if not a loss in population, in the 1980s. The population of the Study Area, Sweetwater County, and the state each grew by approximately 15 percent from 2000 to 2010, while Lincoln County grew by 24 percent for the same period and Uinta County grew at a slower rate of 7 percent (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2013). Since 2010, population growth rate has been much slower from -1 percent to 3 percent for the state, Study Area, and individual counties. While the Study Area population increased by almost 1,000 persons overall between 2010 and 2015, many communities experience minor population losses including Uinta County as a whole (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2013 and U.S. Census Bureau, 2015).

Table 3-5. Decade-to-Decade Percent Population Change in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Decade Area 1940-1950 1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2015 Sweetwater County 13% -19% 3% 127% -7% -3% 16% 2% Bairoil, Town of ------57% 9% 5% Granger, Town of -25% 30% -14% 29% -29% 16% -5% -1% Green River, City of 21% 10% 20% 205% -1% -7% 6% 1% Rock Springs, City of 10% -4% 12% 67% -2% -2% 23% 4% Superior, Town of 27% -85% -18% 197% -53% -11% 38% -21% Wamsutter, Town of -39% 7% 26% 390% -65% 9% 73% -20% Lincoln County -12% 0% -4% 41% 4% 15% 24% 1% Afton, Town of 9% 1% -4% 15% -6% 30% 5% 3% Alpine, Town of - - - - - 175% 51% -7% Cokeville, Town of -3% 24% -19% 17% -4% 3% 6% -5% Diamondville, -29% -4% 22% 106% -14% -17% 3% -13% Town of Kemmerer, City of -18% 22% 13% 43% -8% -12% 0% 1% La Barge, Town of - - - - 63% -13% 28% -15% Opal, Town of - - -14% -18% 73% 7% -6% -18% Star Valley Ranch, ------11% Town of Thayne, Town of - -7% -9% 31% 4% 28% 7% 25% Uinta County 1% 2% -5% 83% 44% 6% 7% -1% Bear River, Town of ------30% Evanston, City of 7% 27% -9% 40% 74% 6% 7% -1% Lyman, Town of 28% -12% 51% 255% -17% 2% 9% 6% Mountain View, - - - - 89% -3% 12% 1% Town of Study Area 4% -10% -1% 96% 5% 3% 15% 1% Wyoming 16% 14% 1% 41% -3% 9% 14% 3%

3-18 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-4, Table 3-5, and Figure 3-2, below, illustrate the population trends of the Study Area, the counties within the Study Area, and in the state as a whole between 1940 and 2015. It illustrates the overall “boom-bust” cycle experienced historically in the state, and demonstrates that each individual county can be impacted by swings in population. Sweetwater County, in particular, grew by more than 125 percent in the 1970s, from 18,391 to 41,723 residents, only slightly less than its current population of 43,806 (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2013).

140%

120%

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0% Percentt Change in Population in Change Percentt -20%

-40% 1940-1950 1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2015 Decade

Sweetwater Lincoln Uinta Study Area Wyoming

Figure 3-2. Historical Population Change in the Study Area (1940 to 2015) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Sources: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2013. Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. Developed by CH2M (2017).

PR0828171057DEN 3-19 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Population Density and Distribution. Table 3-6 summarizes the land area, the Study Area’s 2010 population and population density, and each entity’s percentage of the overall Study Area population. Sweetwater County, the location of the Project, covers 10,426 square miles, of which the majority, 73 percent, is either federally or state-owned (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2016). Of the 84,018 persons estimated to live in the Study Area in 2015, 53 percent resided in Sweetwater County, 25 percent lived in Uinta County, and 22 percent in Lincoln County. Most of the population of each county, as well as the Study Area overall, resides in incorporated communities. While the land area of these communities represents less than 0.5 percent of the total three-county Study Area, 75 percent of the Study Area population resides in an incorporated town or city. As presented in Table 3-6, the three largest population centers in the Study Area in 2010 were the cities of Rock Springs and Green River in Sweetwater County, accounting for about 28 percent and 15 percent of the Study Area population, respectively, and the City of Evanston in Uinta County, with a 15 percent share. The towns of Lyman (1,315 residents per square mile) and Mountain View (1,539 residents per square mile) in Uinta County have the highest population densities in the Study Area, but only account for 4 percent of the total population. Population densities in the cities of Evanston, Rock Springs, and Green River were also relatively high with 1,189, 1,234, and 919 persons per square mile, respectively. In contrast, the population density of Wyoming is six persons per square mile, while in the Study Area overall, the population density is five persons per square mile (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a and 2015).

Table 3-6. Population Density and Distribution in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2015 Population Land Area Population Density % of Study Area Area Estimate (sq. miles) (persons per sq. mile) Population

Sweetwater County 44,772 10,426.65 4.29 53.29%

Bairoil, Town of 111 1.41 78.72 0.13%

Granger, Town of 138 2.53 54.55 0.16%

Green River, City of 12,604 13.72 918.66 15.00%

Rock Springs, City of 23,869 19.34 1,234.18 28.41%

Superior, Town of 265 1.09 243.12 0.32%

Wamsutter, Town of 360 1.45 248.28 0.43%

Lincoln County 18,316 4,076.13 4.49 21.80%

Afton, Town of 1,959 4.18 468.66 2.33%

Alpine, Town of 771 0.70 1,101.43 0.92%

Cokeville, Town of 508 1.18 430.51 0.60%

Diamondville, Town of 644 1.17 550.43 0.77%

Kemmerer, City of 2,692 7.80 345.13 3.20%

La Barge, Town of 467 0.97 481.44 0.56%

Opal, Town of 79 0.39 202.56 0.09%

Star Valley Ranch, Town of 1,342 2.70 497.04 1.60%

Thayne, Town of 457 1.39 328.78 0.54%

3-20 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Uinta County 20,930 2,081.26 10.06 24.91%

Bear River, Town of 674 1.90 354.74 0.80%

Evanston, City of 12,213 10.27 1,189.19 14.54%

Lyman, Town of 2,249 1.71 1,315.20 2.68%

Mountain View, Town of 1,293 0.84 1,539.29 1.54%

Study Area 84,018 16,584.04 5.07 100.00%

Wyoming 579,679 97,093.14 5.97 --

Notes: Land area values taken from the 2010 U.S. Census data; the land area of towns and cities might have changed since 2010, but are not expected to cause significant change in population density. Source: U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2010. 2010 Census, Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – Wyoming – Place and County Subdivision. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_GCTPH1.ST10&prodType=t able. Accessed July 2017.

Age of the Population. The age distribution of the population is an important factor in assessing the size of the local labor force. Table 3-7 compares the existing population, by age, in the Study Area counties and the State of Wyoming. The population from ages 25 to 64 offer the greatest possible contribution of the expected labor force and is shown in Table 3-7 as the Working Age cohort. In 2015, this cohort contained 53 percent of the population of the State of Wyoming (306,272 persons) and the Study Area (44,869 persons). The individual counties in the Study Area all had a similar percentage of work age population. Majority of the working-age population in the Study Area reside in Sweetwater County (54 percent), followed by Uinta County (24 percent) and Lincoln County (21 percent) (U.S. Census Bureau, 2015). Wyoming’s population is aging and this trend is expected to continue. In 2000, the size of the older population (age 65 and over) was 57,693 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). In 2010, the size increased to 70,090 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010b). By 2015, the estimated older population was 78,257, approximately a 36 percent increase over the past 15 years and a 12 percent increase in the past 5 years. Surprisingly, the median age has stayed relatively constant. The median age was 36.2 in 2000, 36.8 in 2010, and 36.8 in 2015.

PR0828171057DEN 3-21 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-7. Population by Age Cohort Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Sweetwater County Lincoln County Uinta County Study Area Wyoming State

Age Cohort Population % of total Population % of total Population % of total Population % of total Population % of total

Under 5 years 3,351 9% 1,240 8% 1,664 2% 6,255 5% 38,645 7%

5 to 9 years 3,086 8% 1,533 10% 1,728 2% 6,347 5% 38,717 7%

10 to 14 years 3,792 10% 1,464 9% 1,832 2% 7,088 5% 38,488 7%

15 to 19 years 2,926 8% 1,205 8% 1,412 2% 5,543 4% 36,935 6%

20 to 24 years 3,115 8% 766 5% 1,267 2% 5,148 4% 42,622 7%

25 to 34 years 7,101 19% 2,157 14% 2,689 3% 11,947 9% 81,282 14%

35 to 44 years 5,790 15% 2,265 14% 2,717 3% 10,772 8% 69,550 12%

45 to 54 years 5,765 15% 2,470 16% 2,640 3% 10,875 8% 75,577 13%

55 to 59 years 3,284 9% 1,285 8% 1,633 2% 6,202 5% 42,523 7%

60 to 64 years 2,456 7% 1,412 9% 1,205 2% 5,073 4% 37,340 6%

65 to 74 years 2,491 7% 1,589 10% 1,374 2% 5,454 4% 45,719 8%

75 to 84 years 1,267 3% 705 4% 516 1% 2,488 2% 23,089 4%

85 years and over 348 1% 225 1% 253 0% 826 1% 9,192 2%

Working Age 24,396 54% 9,589 52% 10,884 52% 44,869 53% 306,272 53% (25 – 64 years)

TOTAL 44,772 - 18,316 - 20,930 - 84,018 - 579,679 -

Source: U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017.

3-22 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Population Poverty Status. According to U.S. Census Bureau, the 2015 ACS estimated that 11.5 percent of Wyoming’s population is living below the poverty level. Sweetwater County has the same proportions (11.5 percent), but Uinta County is slightly higher at 13.7 percent and Lincoln County is slightly lower at 7.9 percent. Population Migration. Population change in an area is attributable to births, deaths, and net migration. Population migration in Wyoming is tracked by the U.S. Census Bureau as well as the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT), which tracks drivers who exchange licenses from other areas when they move to Wyoming as well as those who surrender their licenses to other states when they move from Wyoming (Wyoming Community Development Authority [WCDA], 2016). Table 3-8 summarizes the net change between incoming and outgoing persons with licenses for each of the three counties in the Study Area, for the Study Area as a whole, and for the entire state based on the WYDOT data. It illustrates that the net migration to the Study Area has general been decreasing since 2006 as well as its proportion of Wyoming’s overall net migration. The Study Area, as well as Lincoln and Uinta County individually, saw the highest migration rate in 2006. After 2010, migration into the Study Area decreased, and by 2013, there was a net negative migration out of the area. Between 2006 and 2016, approximately 4,900 new residents moved to the Study Area, representing 11 percent of the State’s net migration during this period. Majority (59 percent) of these new residents settled in Sweetwater County.

Table 3-8. Net Migration Trends in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Year Total (2006 – Area 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016)

Sweetwater County 711 631 735 294 567 565 2 -206 -102 -99 -243 2,855

Lincoln County 341 290 216 62 153 -27 16 76 121 118 159 1,525

Uinta County 286 149 154 96 210 29 -11 -53 -188 -45 -130 497

Study Area 1,338 1,070 1,105 452 930 567 7 -183 -169 -26 -214 4,877

Wyoming 5,810 6,002 7,112 6,431 7,495 3,136 2,250 2,103 2,411 2,046 -313 44,483

Study Area as % of 23% 18% 16% 7% 12% 18% 0% -9% -7% -1% 68% 11% Wyoming

Source: Wyoming Community Development Authority (WCDA). 2016. The 2016 Wyoming Profile of Demographics, Economics, and Housing, Vol. 1 Final Report, Semiannual Report, ending December 31, 2016. http://www.wyomingcda.com/documents/Profile_2016B_Vol_I_Final.pdf. Accessed July 2017.

Population Projections without Proposed Project. Table 3-9 summarizes the forecasted population change by county in 5-year increments out to 2040. As shown in Table 3-9, forecasts by the State of Wyoming estimate that the population of the Study Area will increase by 3,402 residents by 2020, by an additional 4,860 in 2030, and an additional 2,910 by 2040 (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2015). The bulk of this growth is projected to occur in the cities of Rock Springs and Green River in Sweetwater County.

PR0828171057DEN 3-23 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-9. Population Forecasts in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Area Census Estimate Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast

Sweetwater County 43,806 44,772 47,170 49,300 50,510 51,340 51,900 Bairoil, Town of 106 111 114 119 122 124 126 Granger, Town of 139 138 150 156 160 163 165 Green River, City of 12,515 12,604 13,476 14,085 14,430 14,667 14,827 Rock Springs, City of 23,036 23,869 24,805 25,925 26,561 26,998 27,292 Superior, Town of 336 265 362 378 387 394 398 Wamsutter, Town of 451 360 486 508 520 529 534 Lincoln County 18,106 18,316 19,180 19,640 20,320 21,010 21,610 Afton, Town of 1,911 1,959 2,024 2,073 2,145 2,218 2,281 Alpine, Town of 828 771 877 898 929 961 988 Cokeville, Town of 535 508 567 580 600 621 639 Diamondville, Town of 737 644 781 799 827 855 880 Kemmerer, City of 2,656 2,692 2,814 2,881 2,981 3,082 3,170 La Barge, Town of 551 467 584 598 618 639 658 Opal, Town of 96 79 102 104 108 111 115 Star Valley Ranch, Town of 1,503 1,342 1,592 1,630 1,687 1,744 1,794 Thayne, Town of 366 457 388 397 411 425 437 Uinta County 21,118 20,930 21,070 21,230 21,450 21,620 21,680

Bear River, Town of 518 674 517 521 526 530 532

Evanston, City of 12,359 12,213 12,331 12,425 12,553 12,653 12,688

Lyman, Town of 2,115 2,249 2,110 2,126 2,148 2,165 2,171

Mountain View, Town of 1,286 1,293 1,283 1,293 1,306 1,317 1,320

Study Area 83,030 84,018 87,420 90,170 92,280 93,970 95,190

Wyoming 563,626 579,679 616,140 642,870 665,670 686,020 703,530

Study Area as % of 15% 14% 14% 14% 14% 14% 14% Wyoming Notes: 2010 state, county, and municipality populations are 2010 Census data; 2015 Estimate is from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey population estimate, 2020 to 2040 population forecasts were developed based on trends of demographic and economic variables; municipality population forecasts were calculated by applying the place/county ratios to the appropriate county population forecasts. Sources: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2015. Population for Wyoming, Counties, Cities, and Towns: 2010 to 2040. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/pop/wyc&sc40.htm. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017.

3-24 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS As shown in Table 3-10, Sweetwater County is expected to experience the highest 5-year rates of growth (5 percent) within the Study Area through 2025. Lincoln County is also expected to see a 5 percent growth rate from 2015 to 2020. Beyond 2025, Lincoln County is projected to grow at a higher rate (3 percent) than either Uinta or Sweetwater County (0 to 2 percent). The three-county Study Area is projected to grow between 1 and 4 percent from 2010 to 2040, consistently below that of Wyoming as a whole (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2015).

Table 3-10. Estimated and Forecasted Percent Population Change Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Area 2010-2015 2015-2020 2020-2025 2025-2030 2030-2035 2035-2040

Sweetwater County 2% 5% 5% 2% 2% 1%

Lincoln County 1% 5% 2% 3% 3% 3%

Uinta County -1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 0%

Study Area 1% 4% 3% 2% 2% 1%

Wyoming 3% 6% 4% 4% 3% 3%

Notes: 2010 state and county populations are 2010 Census data; 2015 Estimate is from the 2011-2015 American Community Survey population estimate, 2020 to 2040 state and county population forecasts were developed based on trends of demographic and economic variables. Sources: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2015. Population for Wyoming, Counties, Cities, and Towns: 2010 to 2040. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/pop/wyc&sc40.htm. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017.

3.4.1.2 Construction Impacts The number of non-local temporary workers likely to enter the area of site influence during the peak construction month could total 233 FTE workers and average about 123 FTE workers per quarter over the 32-month construction period. It is not expected that spouses or children will accompany these temporary workers and, therefore, impacts to population would be minor, consisting of below 0.3 percent of the existing three-county population of approximately 84,018 and just 0.5 percent of Sweetwater County’s population of 44,772.

3.4.1.3 Operations Impacts During operations, it is expected that 26 permanent workers would be hired and relocate to the local region. This is expected to have a negligible impact to the population of the local area.

3.4.2 Economic and Fiscal Conditions This section addresses past, present, and future economic conditions (labor force, employment, and unemployment); income and earnings by industrial sector; commuting patterns and work centers; existing labor characteristics and availability; and government revenues (property, sales, use, and lodging taxes and residential property values).

PR0828171057DEN 3-25 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.4.2.1 Existing Conditions Employment and Unemployment. Recent labor force trends are tabulated in Table 3-11. During the period 2010 through 2016, total employment in the Study Area rose and then fell, ending with 1,148 fewer jobs. This employment pattern is like the state, which picked up only a few thousand jobs over the same period. The Study Area labor force declined by 1,862 workers and, thus, the number of unemployed workers decreased by 714. In 2010, the unemployment rate was lowest in Sweetwater County at 6.6 percent and highest in Lincoln County at 8.4 percent. By comparison, the statewide unemployment rate was 6.4 percent. The pattern of unemployment for the state and each of the Study Area counties was similar with rates starting high, declining and then moving on an upward trend. Nonetheless, unemployment rates ended the period at lower levels than in 2010. Lincoln County has the lowest unemployment rate at 4.6 percent, followed by Uinta at 5.8 percent and Sweetwater County at 6 percent.

Table 3-11. 2010 – 2016 Benchmark Labor Force Estimates – Annual Averages for Wyoming and Study Area Counties Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Wyoming 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Labor Force 303,297 306,815 307,267 306,346 306,455 305,149 302,331 Employment 283,744 289,019 290,932 291,935 293,734 292,188 286,373 Unemployment 19,553 17,796 16,335 14,411 12,721 12,961 15,958 Unemployment Rate 6.4 5.8 5.3 4.7 4.2 4.2 5.3 Lincoln County

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Labor Force 8,675 8,740 8,274 8,158 8,238 8,441 8,771 Employment 7,947 8,054 7,685 7,692 7,814 8,046 8,367 Unemployment 728 686 589 466 424 395 404 Unemployment Rate 8.4 7.8 7.1 5.7 5.1 4.7 4.6 Sweetwater County

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Labor Force 23,134 23,891 24,138 23,863 23,301 22,820 22,265 Employment 21,608 22,633 22,986 22,823 22,369 21,753 20,933 Unemployment 1,526 1,258 1,152 1,040 932 1,067 1,332 Unemployment Rate 6.6 5.3 4.8 4.4 4 4.7 6 Uinta County 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Labor Force 10,557 10,167 10,263 9,950 9,887 9,705 9,468 Employment 9,815 9,537 9,689 9,428 9,411 9,223 8,922 Unemployment 742 630 574 522 476 482 546

Unemployment Rate 7 6.2 5.6 5.2 4.8 5 5.8

3-26 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Labor Force 42,366 42,798 42,675 41,971 41,426 40,966 40,504

Employment 39,370 40,224 40,360 39,943 39,594 39,022 38,222

Unemployment 2,996 2,574 2,315 2,028 1,832 1,944 2,282 Benchmark Run March,

2017

Source: Wyoming Department of Employment (http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/LAUS/0004aa.htm), accessed July 2017.

Figure 3-3 shows a comparison of unemployment rates for the Study Area counties, the state, and the nation for 2010 relative to 2016. In 2010, the state and Study Area counties fared better than the nation. However, in 2016, it appears that apart from Lincoln County, the recovery in Wyoming and the Study Area counties is lagging the nation. This suggests that the non-local labor force is likely to have availability for staffing the Project.

6 2010 2016

0 United States Wyoming Lincoln Sweetwater Unita

Figure 3-3. Comparison of Unemployment Rates (not Seasonally Adjusted) for the Years 2010 and 2016 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

PR0828171057DEN 3-27 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Figure 3-4 illustrates how statewide monthly claims for unemployment benefits compare to the same month in the preceding year over the period from January 2007 to 2017. The unemployment claims follow a similar cyclical pattern every year, but the year-over-year differences are striking. The claims were highest in the economic downturn during 2009 and 2010; whereas the lowest levels corresponded to the two preceding years, 2007 and 2008. The year 2016 lies between these high and low years, but 2017 is showing a downward trend and a return to the low levels achieved prior to the major downturn.

Normalized Initial Unemployment Claims: 2007 - 2017 6,500

6,000

5,500

5,000

2007

4,500 2008 2009 2010

4,000 2011 2012 2013

3,500 2014 2015 Initial Claims Initial 2016 3,000 2017

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Month Figure 3-4. Monthly Normalized Initial Unemployment Claims in the State, 2007 – March 2017 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

Source: Wyoming Department of Employment, Research and Planning. 2017. UI -Tables – Monthly Normalized Initial Unemployment Claims Data. Research & Planning, Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). Prepared by P. Manning and M. Moore, Research & Planning, WY DWS, 4/5/17. Available online at https://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/ui/NAICS_Statewide_Initial.htm Accessed May 2017. The information presented in Figure 3-5 illustrates how the number of continued weeks of claims for unemployment benefits, at the state level, varies through the year and between years. Not surprisingly the annual patterns are like the preceding figure showing that the duration of unemployment claims is highest during economic downturns. In January 2010, the state peaked at about 55,000 weeks of continued unemployment. The low point was in September 2007 with under 10,000 weeks continued unemployment. The current year started out with 30,000 continued weeks unemployment falling to 25,000 weeks by March. This represents the lower-middle range of the data over the 10-year period. Recent years have hovered in this range, illustrating the state’s difficulty with maintaining a sustained recovery. Both initial and continued claims levels were still much higher than during non-downturn years (see Figure 3-5).

3-28 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Normalized Continued Weeks Claimed: 2007 - 2017* 55,000

50,000

45,000

40,000 2007 2008 2009 2010 35,000 2011 2012 2013

30,000 2014 2015 2016 Continued Weeks Claimed 2017 25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000 *Revised 01/28/2011 to account for a coding change which occurred in November 2009. The coding change affects data from that point forward.

5,000 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Month Figure 3-5. Monthly Normalized Continued Weeks Unemployment Claims in the State, 2007 – March, 2017

Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

Source: Wyoming Department of Employment, Research and Planning. 2017. UI -Tables – Continued Weeks Chart. Unemployment Insurance Claims Data. Research & Planning, Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). Prepared by P. Manning and M. Moore, Research & Planning, WY DWS, 4/5/17. Available online at https://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/ui/NAICS_Statewide_Initial.htm Accessed May 2017. Employment by Industrial Sector. Over the period from 2009 to 2015, total employment in the Study Area decreased by 1418 jobs (3 percent), as shown in Table 3-12. During this period, farm employment increased by 7 percent, government employment rose 1 percent, and nonfarm employment fell by 3 percent. Within the nonfarm employment category, the sector with the greatest addition of jobs was the real estate sector, which added 350 positions. The job losses were greater than the gains. The construction industry lost 608 workers, employment in the food and accommodations industry decreased by 705 jobs, but the biggest loser was the mining industry, which lost 948 workers, a decrease of 12 percent. As shown in Table 3-13, of the three Study Area counties, Sweetwater County contributes the most toward total state employment (7 percent), followed by Uinta County at 4 percent and Lincoln County at 2 percent. Sweetwater County also contributes nearly 7 percent of the state’s construction jobs, 12 percent of the manufacturing jobs, and 7 percent of the employment in the accommodation and food industry.

PR0828171057DEN 3-29 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-12. GOP Study Area Full-Time and Part-Time Employment by Type and by Industry (NAICS): 2009 and 2015 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Year Year Change (number) Change GOP Study Area 2009 2015 2009-2015 (percent)

Total employment 53082 51664 -1418 -3%

Employment by Type:

Wage and salary employment 42562 40572 -1990 -5%

Proprietors employment 10520 11092 572 5%

Farm proprietors employment 1040 1059 19 2%

Nonfarm proprietors employmenta 9480 10033 553 6%

Employment by industry:

Farm employment 1255 1339 84 7%

Nonfarm employment 51827 50325 -1502 -3%

Private employment 42898 41348 -1550 -4%

Forestry, fishing, and related activities 113 195 82 73%

Mining 7787 6839 -948 -12%

Utilities 101 90 -11 -11%

Construction 5121 4513 -608 -12%

Manufacturing 1991 1993 2 0%

Wholesale trade 314 411 97 31%

Retail Trade 5569 5288 -281 -5%

Transportation and warehousing 2513 2354 -159 -6%

Information 2244 595 -49 -8%

Finance and insurance 1720 1502 -11 -1%

Real estate and rental and leasing 103 2594 350 16%

Professional and technical services 1003 1726 6 0%

Management of companies and enterprises 180 210 107 104%

Administrative and waste services 1003 1025 22 2%

Educational services 180 213 33 18%

Health care and social assistance 1808 1970 162 9%

Arts, entertainment, and recreation 546 440 -106 -19%

Accommodation and food services 3915 3210 -705 -18%

Other services, except public administration 2220 2127 -93 -4%

3-30 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Government and government enterprises 8929 8977 48 1%

Federal, civilian 447 377 -70 -16%

Military 496 438 -58 -12%

State and local 7986 8162 176 2%

State government 948 882 -66 -7%

Local government 7038 7280 242 3% a Excludes limited partners. Notes: The estimates for 2007-2010 are based on the 2007 NAICS. The estimates for 2011 forward are based on the 2012 NAICS. Row values may not sum to the total values for the column as the data for some industries in some counties were not disclosed. Last updated: November 17, 2016 – new estimates for 2015; revised estimates for 2009-2014. Source: Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, http://www.bea.gov/regional/index.htm. Accessed July 2017

Table 3-13. Total Full-Time and Part-Time Jobs in Wyoming (2015) by Type and by Industry (NAICS) and Share by GOP Study Area County Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Number of Jobs Share

Description Wyoming Lincoln Sweetwater Uinta

Total employment 406576 2% 7% 3%

Employment by Type:

Wage and salary employment 302286 2% 8% 3%

Proprietors employment 104290 4% 4% 3%

Farm proprietors employment 10369 5% 2% 3%

Nonfarm proprietors employmenta 93921 3% 4% 3%

Employment by Industry:

Farm employment 14191 5% 2% 3%

Nonfarm employment 392385 2% 7% 3%

Private employment 316644 2% 8% 3%

Forestry, fishing, and related activities 3183 4% (D) 2%

Mining 31321 2% 17% 2%

Utilities 2645 7% (D) 3%

Construction 31189 4% 7% 4%

Manufacturing 11798 2% 12% 3%

PR0828171057DEN 3-31 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Description Wyoming Lincoln Sweetwater Uinta

Wholesale trade 11019 2% (D) 2%

Retail Trade 39780 2% 7% 4%

Transportation and warehousing 15598 2% 10% 3%

Information 4794 3% 4% 5%

Finance and insurance 15851 2% 5% 3%

Real estate and rental and leasing 22668 3% 6% 3%

Professional and technical services 17526 2% 5% 3% Management of companies and enterprises 1667 (D) 9% 4%

Administrative and waste services 12949 (D) 5% 3%

Educational services 4000 2% 3% (D)

Health care and social assistance 29158 2% 5% (D)

Arts, entertainment, and recreation 7462 (D) 3% 3%

Accommodation and food services 35796 (D) 7% 2% Other services, except public administration 18240 3% 6% 3%

Government and government enterprises 75741 3% 6% 3%

Federal, civilian 7372 1% 3% 1%

Military 6003 2% 4% 2%

State and local 62366 3% 7% 3%

State government 15757 1% 2% 3%

Local government 46609 3% 9% 4% a Excludes limited partners. Notes: The estimates for 2007-2010 are based on the 2007 NAICS. The estimates for 2011 forward are based on the 2012 NAICS. Row values may not sum to the total values for the column as the data for some industries in some counties were not disclosed. Last updated: November 17, 2016 – new estimates for 2015; revised estimates for 2009-2014. Source: Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, http://www.bea.gov/regional/index.htm. Accessed July 2017

As can be seen from the list of major employers presented in Table 3-14, the leading employers in the private sector are GOP with 900 workers, Halliburton with 700 employees, and Tata (Soda Ash Partners) employs 500 workers. These top employers are in Sweetwater and Uinta counties. The last three on the list, Tristar Construction, Redi Services, and Mountain Regional Services, are all located in Uinta County.

3-32 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-14. Major Private Employers in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Enterprise Number of Employees County Tronox (Genesis) 900 Sweetwater and Uinta Halliburton 700 Sweetwater TATA (Soda Ash Partners) 500 Sweetwater Tristar Construction 455 Uinta Redi Services, LLC 450 Uinta Mountain Regional SVC 410 Uinta

Source: Infogroup, Omaha, NE, 800/555-5211. https://www.careerinfonet.org/oview6.asp?soccode=&stfips=56&from=State&id=11&nodeid=12, Accessed July 2017.

Perhaps of greatest interest is the economy in Sweetwater County, especially the Green River area where the Project will be located. The economy of this area in Sweetwater County is heavily dependent upon the trona industry and the area is known as the “Trona Capital of the World” (http://www.cityofgreenriver.org/index.aspx?NID=246). Trona is a raw mineral that is refined into soda ash and then used to produce a wide range of products from laundry detergents to glass and paper products, or refined into other chemicals to produce yet other products. Several mines and processing plants along with a baking soda plant have been operating in the area for several years, and many of the employers in the area are tied to the industry, including Tronox Alkali, Ciner Wyoming, TATA Chemicals North America, and Solvay Minerals, Inc. Construction Labor Characteristics. From 2009 to 2015, Study Area employment in the construction industry decreased by 608 jobs (12 percent), as shown in Table 3-12. Within the Study Area, Sweetwater County contributed the largest share (nearly 7 percent) to Wyoming’s construction employment in 2009, while Lincoln and Uinta counties each contributed 4 percent to construction employment in the state (Table 3-13). As a whole, Study Area construction employment accounted for 15 percent of all construction jobs in Wyoming. Concerns about perceptions of shortages in the construction labor force prompted the WDWS to conduct a study of such shortages in the nation and in Wyoming (WDWS, 2014). As recently as 2013, non-resident workers accounted for more than 28 percent of the Wyoming construction workforce, hence the focus on both national and state labor force trends. The data examined by the WDWS covered the 5-year period from 2009 to 2013. They concluded that these data did not suggest a shortage in the national, regional, or state construction workforces. When the authors focused on individual occupations, they found evidence of a national shortage in certain occupations, including insulation workers and iron workers such as may be used on the GOP. Other relevant construction occupations where the labor market may be tightening at the national level included electricians and pipefitters. The regional occupational information suggests that insulators and operators may be at relatively short supply and the labor market may be tightening for electricians and pipefitters. At the state level, insulation workers, electricians, and operators were among the occupations that showed signs of shortages as wages for these occupations were greater over this period that the average across all occupations. Although this research reflects an earlier period, it shows that some construction occupations relevant to the Project could command higher wages to be attracted to work on the Project. This applies to both the resident and non-resident workforces. Average wages in the southwest region of the state for the occupations that would be engaged in constructing the Project are shown in Table 5-36. The data on labor shortages suggest that there are no

PR0828171057DEN 3-33 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS serious shortages, but that workers in some occupations, such as insulators and equipment operators, will expect especially competitive wages. Earnings and Income. Total aggregate personal income increased in each of the counties in the Study Area over the period 2006 through 2015 (unadjusted for inflation), as shown in Table 3-15. At the state level, aggregate personal income grew all years except from 2008 to 2009. The county-level data show a slightly different pattern with a 2-year decline from 2008 to 2010 for Lincoln and Uinta counties and a second decline from 2014 to 2015 for Uinta County. Lincoln County, at $743 million in 2015, has the lowest income of the Study Area counties. Sweetwater County’s personal income was the highest in the Study Area, reaching $2.172 billion in 2015, while in Uinta County, aggregate personal income exceeded $853 million. In 2015, the Study Area accounted for approximately 11 percent of the statewide aggregate personal income of $32.87 billion. Per capita personal income increased over the period 2006 through 2008 before declining in 2009, as shown in Table 3-16. It rebounded over the next several years until 2015, but experienced some stagnant years and even slight declines in that period. The per capita income for all three counties in the Study Area fell below the state average, which was $56,000 in 2015. At $49,000, Sweetwater County led the Study Area followed by Uinta County with $41,000 and Lincoln County with a per capita income of $40,000.

3.4.2.2 Governmental Revenues and Finances Ad Valorem Taxes. The assessed value of real property is the major source of ad valorem taxes. Wyoming’s ad valorem tax calculation is based on the following formulas: 1. Fair Market Value X Level of Assessment = Assessed Value 2. Assessed Value X Mill Levies = Property Tax Due The first step in the applying the formulas to calculate ad valorem taxes is determining the fair market value (FMV) of the asset at issue (real or personal property) as of January 1 of the tax year. FMV is defined as: The amount in cash, or terms reasonably equivalent to cash, that a well-informed buyer is justified in paying for a property and a well-informed seller is justified in accepting, assuming that neither party to the transaction is acting under undue compulsion, and assuming further that the property has been offered in the open market for a reasonable length of time.1 The FMV of real or personal property is determined by either the County Assessor or the Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR). Generally, WDOR assesses the value of utility and mineral properties and the counties assess the value of residential, agricultural, commercial, and industrial land and improvements.2 In determining the FMV of real and personal property, three approaches to value are considered: (1) the cost approach; (2) the income approach; and (3) the comparable sales approach. WDOR has indicated for the cost approach it generally uses historical cost less depreciation for the facility’s improvements and will value the underlying land by capitalizing the rental income. This means that the ad valorem receipts due to a project will be based upon its economic life (i.e., historical cost less depreciation for the facility’s improvements), which may differ from the project life (i.e., how long the facility is in operation).

1 W.S. 39-11-101(a)(vi).

2 The FMV of the Facility will be determined by either (1) the Sweetwater County Assessor or (2) the Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR). WDOR and the Assessor use the same definition of FMV.

3-34 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-15. Aggregate Personal Income (thousands of dollars) for the State and Study Area Counties 2006 – 2015 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Year ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($)

Wyoming State Total 22,583,362 23,918,986 26,505,381 24,381,004 25,656,916 28,092,250 30,434,827 30,717,840 32,723,587 32,869,550

Lincoln County 539,140 652,707 658,521 606,234 602,371 655,131 663,383 707,192 713,182 742,952

Sweetwater County 1,663,030 1,764,927 2,002,347 1,798,921 1,855,468 2,040,447 2,111,082 2,121,808 2,167,514 2,172,439

Uinta County 692,732 746,899 846,403 823,533 822,927 850,814 867,888 864,016 856,497 853,804 Census Bureau midyear population estimates. Estimates for 2010-2015 reflect county population estimates available as of March 2016. Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2016 last updated, November 17, 2016; new estimates for 2015; revised estimates for 1998-2014. Accessed August 4, 2017 from https://www.bea.gov.

Table 3-16. Per Capita Personal Income (dollars) for the State and Study Area Counties 2006 – 2015 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Area ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($) ($)

Wyoming State Total 43,208 44,719 48,541 43,549 45,449 49,478 52,739 52,677 56,004 56,081

Lincoln County 32,816 38,365 37,354 33,527 33,297 36,352 36,972 38,585 38,417 39,683

Sweetwater County 41,838 42,559 47,272 40,761 42,563 46,331 46,805 46,982 48,247 48,681

Uinta County 35,148 37,028 41,062 39,115 38,998 40,685 41,350 41,101 40,975 41,005 Notes: Per capita personal income was computed by BEA using mid-year population estimates. Estimates for 2010-2015 reflect county population estimates available as of March 2016. All state and local area dollar estimates are in current dollars (not adjusted for inflation). Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2016 last updated, November 17, 2016; new estimates for 2015; revised estimates for 1998-2014. Accessed August 4, 2017 from https://www.bea.gov.

PR0828171057DEN 3-35 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS The total assessed value of real property in 2011 for the three-county Study Area was $3.39 billion, as shown in Table 3-17. Sweetwater County accounted for more than half of this total, contributing about $2.3 billion. Uinta County contributed approximately $399 million and Lincoln County nearly $694 million. Together, the counties in the Study Area accounted for about 16 percent of the assessed value of all real property in Wyoming. Table 3-17. State and Local Assessed Valuation (2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Locally Assessed State Assessed Total County ($) ($) ($) Lincoln 381,986,191 312,037,034 694,023,225 Sweetwater 733,834,721 1,564,234,923 2,298,069,644 Uinta 220,220,525 178,788,937 399,009,462 Study Area 1,336,041,437 2,055,060,894 3,391,102,331 State Total 8,837,624,162 12,095,164,394 20,932,788,556

Source: Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR), 2016.

Ad valorem taxes (calculated by applying county- and use-specific mill rates to the assessed value of property) support a number of county and municipal operations, including airports, fire protection, hospitals, libraries, museums, public health, recreational systems, special districts, and education. Table 3-18 presents the major beneficiaries of ad valorem taxes at the state level.

Table 3-18. Beneficiaries of Ad Valorem Taxes in Wyoming (2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Beneficiary Percent of Total Schools 54.14% Counties 17.97% Foundation Program 18.63% Special Districts 7.32% Municipalities 1.94%

Source: Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR), 2016. Annual Report, P. 39. Available online at https://sites.google.com/a/wyo.gov/wy-dor/dor-annual-reports, Accessed on May, 2017.

For certain minerals, including trona, severance and ad valorem taxes are paid on the value of gross production, which is based on several factors including the fair market cash value of soda ash, an industry factor, and the individual producer’s ratio of trona to soda ash production less any royalties (Wyoming Department of Revenue [WDOR], Chapter 6, Ad Valorem and Severance Taxes on Mineral Production, December 2010, downloaded from http://soswy.state.wy.us/Rules/RULES/6139.pdf). The taxable value of the mineral is multiplied by the severance tax rate to compute the severance tax payable to the state and by the appropriate mill levy to compute the amount of ad valorem tax payable to the county. As reported in WDOR (2016), the severance tax rate on trona in 2015 was 4 percent and Tronox Alkali Wyoming Corporation paid state severance taxes of 4 percent on more than $153 million in taxable value. In 2016, Sweetwater County’s mill levy on all minerals was 67.71 and the county collected more than $92 million in ad valorem taxes on mineral production that year (WDOR 2016).

3-36 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Sales, Use, and Lodging Taxes. Sales and use tax collections are two principal sources of revenue for state and local governments. Local governments can also impose a lodging tax. The rates for each of these taxes for all the counties in the Study Area are shown in Table 3-19.

Table 3-19. Wyoming Sales, Use, and Lodging Tax Rates by County (Effective January 1, 2011) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 General Specific Economic State Purpose Purpose Development Total S & Local Lodging Total County Tax Rate Option Option Option U Tax Rate Government Tax Rate Tax Rate Lincoln 4% 1% 5% Cokeville only 2% 7% Afton only 2% 7% Diamondville only 2% 7% Kemmerer only 4% 9% Sweetwater 4% 1% 1% 6% Sweetwater 3% 9% Uinta 4% 1% 5% Evanston only 3% 8% Notes: In Lincoln and Uinta counties, the lodging tax is imposed only in these cities, i.e., not on a countywide basis. Source: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Excise Tax Division. 2017. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Rates by Locality Effective July 1, 2017. April 11, 2017. Available online at http://wyo-prop-div.wyo.gov/tax- districts/mill-levies-td, Accessed May 2017.

Sales and Use Tax. The state-imposed sales and use tax rate is 4 percent and revenues collected are divided 69 percent to the state and 31 percent to the counties. A state use tax is imposed on purchases made outside a taxing jurisdiction for first time, storage, or other consumption within that jurisdiction, thus preventing sales tax avoidance. Each of the counties in the Study Area imposes a 1 percent general purpose optional sales tax and, in addition, Sweetwater County adds a 1 percent special purpose tax as is shown in Table 3-19. Revenue derived from the optional sales tax, less administrative costs, is returned by the state to the county of origin. Total sales and use tax collections for the years 2014 through 2016 for each county in the Study Area are presented in Table 3-20. Sales and Use tax revenue can vary from year to year and is tied to the level of economic activity. In fiscal year (FY) 2016, sales and use tax collections were down from 2014 levels for Sweetwater County and Uinta County, and slightly up for Lincoln County. In FY 2016, Sweetwater County collected more than $93 million in total sales and use taxes compared to $18 million in Uinta County and about $20 million in Lincoln County.

Table 3-20. Sales and Use Tax Collections by County (2014-2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Total Sales and Use Tax Collections by County County FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 Total Taxes Total Taxes Total Taxes

Lincoln $17,889,073 $18,961,602 $19,918,709

Sweetwater $109,365,872 $107,293,106 $93,523,282

Uinta $19,101,413 $19,648,043 $18,458,983 Study Area $146,356,358 $145,902,751 $131,900,974 Source: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (EAD). 2016. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Revenue Report. October 28, 2016 Available online at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/s&utax/NEWSRLSE_fy16.pdf, accessed May 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-37 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Lodging Tax. Cities, towns, and counties may impose an excise tax of up to 4 percent on all sleeping accommodations for guests staying less than 30 days. All tax collections, less state administrative costs, are distributed to the taxing jurisdiction. At least 90 percent of the tax distributions must be used to promote travel and tourism. The FY 2011 through 2016 tax collections for each of the counties, cities, and towns comprising the Study Area are shown in Table 3-21.

Table 3-21. Lodging Tax Collections by County and Local Entity Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Area FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016

Lincoln County NA NA NA NA NA NA

Afton $10,460 $11,572 $12,458 $13,813 $20,175 $33,011

Cokeville $3,126 $2,473 $2,134 $2,452 $2,170 $2,110

Diamondville $11,237 $14,702 $7,772 $7,133 $6,796 $4,997

Kemmerer $96,476 $95,462 $58,218 $86,388 $69,848 $69,005

Total $121,299 $124,208 $80,582 $109,786 $98,989 $109,123

Sweetwater County $33,503 $48,821 $39,390 $42,835 $41,681 $60,706

Green River $65,484 $75,378 $75,498 $80,739 $101,744 $129,270

Rock Springs $419,386 $523,078 $510,018 $500,880 $554,965 $768,924

Wamsutter $2,213 $2,788 $1,597 $2,017 $3,003 $2,107

Total $520,586 $650,065 $626,502 $626,472 $701,393 $961,007

Uinta County NA NA NA NA NA NA

Evanston $232,240 $283,877 $248,731 $254,171 $280,010 $287,462

Total $232,240 $283,877 $248,731 $254,171 $280,010 $287,462

Source: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (EAD). 2016. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Revenue Report. 41st Edition. October, 2016. Available online at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/s&utax/Report_FY16.pdf.

Industrial Siting Impact Assistance Funds. Under the Industrial Development and Siting Statutes (W.S. 35-12-101 through 35-12-109), the criteria that potential industrial facilities must meet to be awarded a construction permit (found at W.S. 35-12-102[a][vii]) also qualify a county or town to receive industrial impact assistance tax payments. The impact assistance payments are distributed to the county treasurer, and the county treasurer distributes the payments to the county and to the cities and towns therein based on a ratio established by the ISC during a public hearing held in accordance with W.S. 35-12-110. The ISC reviews the distribution ratio for construction projects on a regular basis and makes appropriate adjustments. A governing body that is primarily affected by the facility, or any person issued a permit pursuant to W.S. 35-12-106, may petition the ISC for review and adjustment of the distribution ratio upon a showing of good cause. The impact assistance payment is in addition to all other distributions under this section, but no impact assistance payment is made for any period in which the county or counties are not imposing at least a 1 percent tax authorized by W.S. 39-15-204(a)(i) and 39-16-204(a)(i) or at least a total of a 2 percent sales tax authorized under W.S. 39-15-204(a)(i), (iii) and (vi) and at least a total of a 2 percent use tax authorized under W.S. 39-16-204(a)(i), (ii) and (v). The project is deemed to be located in the county in which a majority of the construction costs will be expended, provided that upon a request from the county commissioners of any adjoining county to the

3-38 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS ISC, the council may determine that the social and economic impacts from construction of the industrial facility or federal or state government project upon the adjoining county are significant and establish the ratio of impacts between the counties and certify that ratio to the state treasurer who will thereafter distribute the impact assistance payment to the counties pursuant to that ratio. This program of industrial impact assistance funds is designed to assist cities, towns, or counties in deflecting the impact a major industrial project may have on community resources. This program measures the increase in tax revenue caused by the industrial project and matches that increase with additional monies from the state General Fund to help communities respond to project-related impacts. This tax distribution is transferred from the state General Fund, via the office of the State Treasurer, directly to County Treasurers’ offices. These totals represent the amount of extra revenue counties, cities, and towns receive in direct proportion to any increase in their tax collection to mitigate project- related impacts. Table 3-22 presents the impact assistance funds in tabular form covering the period from FY 2009 to FY 2015. Sweetwater County was the only Study Area county to receive impact assistance in any of the past 3 years. In 2016, Sweetwater County received more than $99,000 in impact assistance funds. Rock Springs also received this amount and Green River was paid half of this sum.

Table 3-22. Distribution of Impact Assistance Funds FY 2009 – FY 2015 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Entity Sales Tax Use Tax Total FY-2009 Albany County $150,558.51 0.00 $150,558.51 Campbell County $9,502,831.94 $1,564,746.31 $11,067,578.25 Carbon County $1,087,114.34 0.00 $1,087,114.34 Converse County $1,252,801.51 $116,384.88 $1,369,186.39 Crook County $1,621,844.45 $256,516.41 $1,878,360.86 Johnson County $123,849.01 $22,124.39 $145,973.40 Natrona County $192,575.18 $15,445.96 $208,021.14 Sheridan County $134,618.47 $24,048.26 $158,666.73 Weston County $199,235.37 $35,591.41 $234,826.78 Totals $14,265,428.78 $2,034,857.62 $16,300,286.40 FY-2010 Albany County $24,033.47 $7,836.16 $31,869.63 Campbell County $124,406.07 $1,527,377.69 $1,651,783.76 Carbon County $8,011.16 $80,905.74 $88,916.90 Converse County $170.84 $30,013.12 $30,183.96 Crook County $29,934.12 $241,783.92 $271,718.04 Johnson County $130.98 $23,010.06 $23,141.04 Sheridan County $142.36 $25,010.92 $25,153.28 Sweetwater County - $65,364.45 $65,364.45 Weston County $210.69 $37,016.19 $37,226.88 Totals $187,039.69 $2,038,318.25 $2,225,357.94 FY-2011 Albany County $7,586.84 $1,663.87 $9,250.71 Campbell County 0.00 $574,600.04 $574,600.04 Carbon County $22,760.52 $4,991.61 $27,752.13

PR0828171057DEN 3-39 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-22. Distribution of Impact Assistance Funds FY 2009 – FY 2015 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Entity Sales Tax Use Tax Total Converse County $28,263.34 $21,021.95 $49,285.29 Crook County 0.00 $45,547.56 $45,547.56 Johnson County 0.00 $16,116.83 $16,116.83 Natrona County $14,559.90 0.00 $14,559.90 Sheridan County $17,518.29 $17,518.29 Weston County $25,927.07 $25,927.07 Totals $73,170.60 $707,387.22 $780,557.82 FY-2012 N/A N/A N/A FY-2013 Albany $32,213.48 $810.01 $33,023 Carbon 96,740.43 2,457.01 99197.44 Totals $128,953.91 $3,267.02 $132,220.93 FY-2014 Laramie $5,100,355.00 $172,581 $5,272,936.63 Totals $5,100,355.00 $172,581 $5,272,936.63 FY-2015 Sweetwater $823,268.00 $153,304 $976,573 Totals $823,268.00 $153,304 $976,573 FY-2016 Sweetwater County $99,131.89 $99,131.89 Rock Springs $99,131.89 $99,131.89 Green River $49,565.95 $49,565.95 Converse County $259,455.82 $259,455.82 Natrona County $127,791.66 $127,791.66 Totals $635,077.21 $635,077.21 Source: Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR) 2016. Annual Report. Available online at https://sites.google.com/a/wyo.gov/wy-dor/dor-annual-reports. Accessed May 2017.

3.4.2.3 Future Economic Conditions Without the Granger Optimization Project This section addresses economic projections without the Project. The description of potential future economic conditions in Wyoming is mainly derived from the reports entitled Wyoming Industry and Occupational Projections 2016 to 2018, and Wyoming Long Term Industry and Occupational Projections, 2014 to 2024, both prepared by David Bullard, senior economists with the WDWS.3As per Table 3-23, in the short term, Research and Planning is expecting a modest decrease in employment, especially in construction (-1,014) and Mining (-953), which includes oil and gas. Job increases are expected in health

3 Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). 2016. Research and Planning. Wyoming Industry and Occupational Projections 2016 to 2018 available online at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/projections/2017/Short_Term_Projections_2018.htm Accessed May, 2017 and Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). 2016. Research and Planning, Wyoming Long Term Industry and Occupational Projections, 2014 to 2024 available online at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/projections/2016/projections_2014-2024.htm. Accessed May 2017.

3-40 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS care and social services as well as accommodation and food services. Despite the stabilization of energy prices, the job losses are tied to the slowdown in energy activity from 2015 to 2016. The long-term forecast shows slow growth, netting only a 1.5 percent increase in jobs over the period from 2014 to 2024. This is a marked departure from the previous long-term forecast covering the 2012– 2022 interval over which jobs were predicted to grow by 12.9 percent. This amplifies the importance of the energy industry to the State’s economy because energy prices peaked in summer, 2014, but declined precipitously afterward. Forecasts such as these are intended to capture the long-term trends, rather than year-to-year variations in employment, which are particularly susceptible to unanticipated events. While the projections are based upon recent trends (the last 120 months), the last 36 months are given more weight.4 Thus, these projections do not attempt to predict the effects of structural changes like those that could result from a recession, major national investments in energy efficiency, or health care. Overall, the study found that in base year 2014, there were a total of 286,962 jobs. The projected number of total jobs for 2024 is 291,289 for a net growth in jobs of 4,327. The Mining industry shows a steep decline (-22.5 percent) losing 6,131 jobs, Construction jobs are projected to fall by 1,004 (4.2 percent), Manufacturing is expected to lose 798 workers (8.1 percent), and Transportation and Warehousing are slated to lose 816 jobs (6.2 percent). Employment in several other industries is expected to grow over this interval. Health care and social services will pick up 5,965 jobs (18.9 percent), Accommodation and food services will gain 3,863 workers (12 percent), and Educational Services will be up 1,817 workers (6.4 percent). Table 3-23 below summarizes the short-and long-term forecasts. For each job category description, the table sets out: (1) the number of jobs for Base Year 2016 for the short-term forecast and base year 2014 for the long-term forecast; (2) the number of jobs projected in 2018 in the short term; (3) the resulting net growth over the short-term forecast period; (4) the number of jobs projected in 2024 for the long term; (5) the net growth from 2014 to 2024; and (6) the overall percent growth from 2014 to 2024. Finally, the table sets out the totals in each of these categories for all occupations.

Table 3-23. Wyoming Short-Term (2016-2018) and Long-Term (2014-2024) Industry Projections Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Projected Projected Short Change, Base Long Change Base Term 2016-2018 2014 Term 2014-2024

NAICSa Code Industry 2016 2018 Net % 2014 2024 Net %

000000 Total All Industries 277,094 274,645 -2,449 -0.9% 286962 291289 4327 1.5

110000 Agriculture, Forestry, 2,739 2,809 70 2.6% 2577 2913 336 13.0 Fishing and Hunting

210000 Mining 18,382 17,429 -953 -5.2% 27291 21160 -6131 -22.5

220000 Utilities 2,545 2,580 35 1.4% 2490 2719 229 9.2

230000 Construction 21,931 20,917 -1,014 -4.6% 23721 22717 -1004 -4.2

310000 Manufacturing 9,065 9,041 -24 -0.3% 9811 9013 -798 -8.1

420000 Wholesale Trade 8,553 8,140 -413 -4.8% 9500 9268 -232 -2.4

4 Glover, T. 2011. “Wyoming’s Industry and Occupational Projections Methodology 2011 to 2021.” Draft document prepared by the Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS) Research and Planning. November 2011.

PR0828171057DEN 3-41 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

440000 Retail Trade 30,738 30,330 -408 -1.3% 29794 31492 1698 5.7

480000 Transportation and 11,783 11,684 -99 -0.8% 13179 12363 -816 -6.2 Warehousing

510000 Information 3,757 3,756 -1 0.0% 3775 3634 -141 -3.7

520000 Finance and Insurance 6,834 6,907 73 1.1% 6772 7014 242 3.6

530000 Real Estate and Rental 3,974 3,939 -35 -0.9% 4456 4456 0 0.0 and Leasing

540000 Professional, Scientific, 8,849 8,544 -305 -3.4% 9513 9296 -217 -2.3 and Technical Services

550000 Management of 947 929 -18 -1.9% 1011 1003 -8 -0.8 Companies and Enterprises

560000 Administrative and 8,141 8,198 57 0.7% 7898 7655 -243 -3.1 Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services

610000 Educational Services 30,278 30,185 -93 -0.3% 28476 30293 1817 6.4

620000 Health Care and Social 32,767 33,640 873 2.7% 31499 37464 5965 18.9 Assistance

710000 Arts, Entertainment, 3,265 3,302 37 1.1% 2990 3295 305 10.2 and Recreation

720000 Accommodation and 32,591 33,148 557 1.7% 32321 36184 3863 12.0 Food Services

810000 Other Services (except 7,499 7,240 -259 -3.5% 7832 7275 -557 -7.1 Government)

900000 Government 32,456 31,927 -529 -1.6% 32056 32075 19 0.1 Citations and Notes: a North American Industry Classification System. Notes: N/D = Not disclosable due to confidentiality. Prepared by P. Manning and D. Bullard, Research & Planning, Wyoming DWS, 2/28/17. Source: Wyoming Short-Term Projections, 2016-2018. Bullard, D. (2016). Wyoming Long-Term Industry Projections, 2014-2024. Research & Planning, Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). Retrieved from http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/projections.htm. NAICS--North American Industry Classification System. ND--Not Disclosable due to Confidentiality of Information. Prepared by D. Bullard, Research & Planning, Wyoming DWS. Run Date 06/20/2016. Source: Research & Planning, Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/.

3-42 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS In interpreting these trends, it is useful to keep in mind that Wyoming is unlike most states in that the labor market shows much greater cyclical and seasonal volatility. This means that when demand for labor intensifies, Wyoming turns to non-residents to meet the need. During the downturn, many workers leave the state in search of opportunities elsewhere (WDWS, Research and Planning, 2017. The WDWS reports that in 2015, one in five persons working in Wyoming was a non-resident (WDWS, 2017). Economic projections for the major employment sectors in Wyoming without the Project are as follows: Mining Industry. Looking back, the mining sector demonstrated strong growth from 2000 to 2009. For instance, in 2005, the mining industry contributed approximately one-third of both the state’s total earnings growth and job growth. The energy-driven growth continued through 2009, as low industrial diversity tied the state’s fortunes to mining extraction, most recently dominated by natural gas production. In 2009, mining jobs hit a historical high of more than 33,000, but were back down to 27,291 in late 2014 and down again to 18,382 by 2016. As set out in Table 3-23, mining sector jobs are projected to continue their slide to a low of 17,429 by 2018 before regaining some of the losses to reach 21,160 jobs by 2024. The projected increased demand for the natural resources in the state from national markets will help provide a steady source of mining jobs and revenues for the state. Outside of the mining industry, however, the state’s prospects will be somewhat limited by a job market that fails to attract high-growth job opportunities and many younger workers will move to other states with more versatile job opportunities. Wyoming is the least diversified state in the nation in terms of employment distribution across industries. Even the manufacturing sector in Wyoming is closely tied to the energy sector, by producing equipment to support the mining industry, for example (WDWS, 2017). Service Sector Categories. Wyoming’s economy is shifting more toward a service orientation than one that is driven by goods. Much like the rest of the country, the service industries have continually grown even during recessions. For example, despite the slowdown of the economy at the turn of the century, total employment for various service industries still increased 2.5 percent in 2001, 2.2 percent in 2002, 1.6 percent in 2003, and 2.1 percent in 2004.5 It is worth noting that the more recent slowdown in 2009 is an exception. Per the WDWS – Research and Planning, the service-providing sectors experienced a decrease in employment in 2009 and did not fully recover until 2012. Over the forecast period (2014 to 2024), the service sector categories include several of the fastest-growing sectors—both in terms of growth rate and total number of new jobs. The main drivers will be health care and social assistance (18.9 percent growth) and educational services (6.4 percent). The service sector categories were and will continue to be Wyoming’s fastest-growing sector as Wyoming continues to undergo a structural shift from a goods-producing economy to a service-producing economy. Government. The government jobs sector is Wyoming’s largest employment sector. Government employment serves as a significant stabilizer for Wyoming’s overall economy, particularly in the southeast region. The proportion of full-time state and local government employees in Wyoming was the highest in the country in 2003, at 869 per 10,000 people, compared to the national average of 542 employees per 10,000 people. One explanation for the high proportion of government employees is that because Wyoming’s population is sparsely distributed, state and local governments must hire a relatively large number of employees to provide services to residents from public schools and fire districts, to road maintenance and health care. Other states with higher-than-average state local government employee rates were also states with large land areas and low population, such as Alaska, New Mexico, and Nebraska, while high population-density states have lower proportions of government employment.

5 Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). 2008–2010. Research and Planning Wyoming Non-Agricultural Wage and Salary Employment (2008 –2012). Available online at: http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy8.htm http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy9.htm; http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy10.htm http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy11.htm; http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy12.htm

PR0828171057DEN 3-43 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS In 2004, there were 64,590 jobs in Wyoming in the government sector comprising one-fourth of the total jobs in Wyoming. From 1990 to 2000, 5,500 government jobs were added for an annual growth rate of 1 percent in this sector, compared with an overall growth rate of 1.9 percent for the state as a whole. Nearly all the new jobs added were in local government, which includes K–12 education and hospitals. Since 2000, state government jobs increased 3.1 percent annually because of the accelerating revenues from mineral production. Currently, there are 32,456 jobs in this sector, but employment is expected to fall by 1.6 percent to 31,927 workers in 2018. Over the long-term forecast period 2014 through 2024, jobs in public administration are projected to hold steady at 32,056 in 2014 and 32,075 in 2024. Thus, while government sector jobs will not be growing, this sector will remain a consistent and steady source of jobs in the future. Retail Trade. Although the retail trade sector experienced fast job growth in the first half of the 1990s, averaging nearly 2 percent each year, it slowed to only about 1 percent annually up until 2007, largely because of out-migration from the state. Much like the nation, the real concern for many retailers in the state is how to continue competing with remote sellers who do not have to charge sales tax. In 2014, jobs in the retail trade sector totaled 29,794. The projected future trend in this industry is increasing employment, with projected jobs in 2024 of 31,492 or an increase of 5.7 percent over the 10-year period. Accommodation and Food Service (Tourism). Wyoming’s travel and tourism industry is an important part of the overall economy, particularly for the northwest region of the state, with more than $1 billion in direct expenditures and 28,000 jobs. The primary tourist destinations are Yellowstone National Park and Grand Teton National Park, which are visited annually by millions of people from all over the world. Tourism is not classified as an independent or separate economic sector; instead, it is mainly included in the accommodation and food services sector. The economic effect of tourism crosses many retail trade- and services-related sectors such as gasoline stations, general merchandise stores, arts, entertainment, and recreation services. Unfortunately, most jobs directly connected with tourism tend to be lower skilled and lower paying by nature. Long term, Wyoming’s travel and tourism industry is not expected to deviate substantially from the past trend. The accommodations and food services industry is projected to grow a respectable 12 percent and the arts, entertainment, and recreation industry will expand by 10.2 percent from 2014 to 2024. Construction. The real estate and housing industries were strong until 2007 when Wyoming, along with much of the rest of the nation, experienced a slowdown in this sector. Until then, Wyoming’s residential construction boom resulted in substantial job growth in the general building and specialty trades subsectors. Table 3-24 below provides a historical view of construction employment in Wyoming from 1990 through 2008, providing total construction employment numbers, but also a breakdown in employment in three divisions of construction: (1) construction of buildings; (2) heavy and civil engineering construction; and (3) special trade contractors. Per Table 3-24, total construction jobs in 2008 reached 28,185 with special trade contractors consistently in the lead, followed by heavy and civil engineering and construction of buildings. In general, the direct effects from housing are through construction activity, real estate transactions, and mortgage finance. The multiplier benefits are substantial, such as demand for numerous supply industries, and the income earned from construction-related industries drives spending elsewhere in the economy. As the fastest-growing sector in the 1990s, the construction industry in Wyoming added 7,100 jobs in that decade at an annual average rate of 5.2 percent. Continuing this trend, in 2002, the construction sector remained the strongest industry in the state, expanding by 1.9 percent because of historically low interest rates. From 1992 to 2002, total residential home permits averaged nearly 1,800 units per year, increasing to 2,877 in 2003 and 3,318 in 2004. Subsequently, consistent with the national downturn in housing starts, in 2008, the state saw the number of annual housing units fall to 2,669, the lowest level

3-44 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS in years. Statewide, however, due to the “boom” years, housing units increased by 17 percent between 2000 and 2010 compared to an increase of 10 percent between 1990 and 2000. Looking long term, from a construction industry base employment in 2014 recorded at 23,721 jobs, employment is projected to decrease by 4.2 percent to 22,717 workers by 2024. Most of those losses will have been realized by 2018, when jobs are projected to fall to 20,917 workers (see Table 3-23).

Table 3-24. Historical Construction Industry Jobs 1990, 2000, and 2008 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Change Average Annual Change 1990 2000 2008 1990 to 2008 1990 to 2008 Construction of buildings 2,099 4,285 5,007 2,908 7.7% Heavy and civil 3,866 5,301 9,660 5,794 8.33% engineering construction Special trade contractors 4,815 8,085 13,518 8,703 10.04% Total construction 10,780 17,671 28,185 17,405 8.97%

Source: Wyoming Statewide Long-Term Employment Projections by Industry: 2008-2013, April 2010; http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/projections08_18/LTI_08_18.pdf.

Another factor to consider is the number of workers in the construction industry who commute to bordering states to take advantage of the employment opportunities elsewhere. This represents a pool of workers who could be enticed to take constructions jobs in Wyoming when they become available. For example, WDWS (2017) estimated that more than 2,000 workers in the construction industry commuted from Wyoming to border states in 2012 and 2013. Personal Income Trend. Personal income includes the income from all sources to all residents. It is the sum of wage and salary and proprietors’ earnings; property income (dividends, interest, and rent); and personal transfer receipts, such as Social Security Income, Medicare, and Medicaid benefits. The personal income trends reported by Wyoming Department of Administration and Information (2007) are outdated and new trends have not yet been released. However, the earnings projections are likely to correspond to the employment projection, which shows a small decline in the short term between 2016 and 2018 and modest net growth of about 1.5 percent over the period 2014 to 2024. Government Revenue Projections without the Project. WDOR does not provide revenue forecasts for ad valorem or sales and use tax receipts for each of the counties, but it does forecast the sales and use tax revenue for the state. Annual receipts are highly variable. This is demonstrated by the state-level historical and projected sales and use tax revenue shown in Table 3-20. From 2013 to 2015, sales and use tax receipts rose steadily before their steep decline in 2016. They are projected to decline further in 2017 and only gradually recover to 2016 levels by 2021. The Consensus Revenue Estimating Group (CREG) affirmed that the sales and use tax revenue trends are closely tied to the energy industry in Wyoming, which they believe has recovered from the sudden decline in 2016. Ad valorem taxes are collected at the county level and depend upon such factors as new construction in the county and depreciation rates of real property. Thus, the ad valorem and sales and use tax revenues due to the Project will be compared to current local tax receipts and not estimated future local tax revenues from these sources.

3.4.2.4 Construction Impacts A variety of tools are available to estimate regional economic impacts, but by far the most widely used today are I-O models combined with social accounting matrices (SAMs). Referred to as I-O/SAM models,

PR0828171057DEN 3-45 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS these tools form the basis for estimating economic impacts for industry (manufacturing, mining, construction) commercial business activity (restaurants, hotels), and agriculture (irrigation and livestock water uses). The I-O/SAM model is an accounting framework that traces spending and consumption among various economic sectors, including businesses, households, government, and “foreign” economies in the form of exports and imports. “Direct effects” represent the response (e.g., change in value added or employment) for a given industry’s expenditures of final demand for that same industry. Value-added refers to the additional value of a commodity produced by that industry over the cost of commodities used to produce it from the previous stage of production. It is the net measure of the economic contribution of an industry to the regional economy less the intermediate goods and services used. “Indirect effects” represent the response by all local industries caused by the iteration of purchasing for a given industry. “Induced effects” represent the response by all local industries caused by the expenditures of new household income generated by the direct and indirect spending. Collectively, indirect and induced effects are referred to as “secondary impacts.” In their entirety, all of the previously discussed changes (direct and secondary) are referred to as “total economic impacts.” By their nature, total impacts are greater than initial changes because of secondary effects. The magnitude of the increase is what is popularly termed a “multiplier effect.” I-O models generate numerical multipliers that estimate indirect and induced effects. The I-O/SAM models are run using propriety software known as IMPLAN PRO (Input Output Model for Planning Analysis). IMPLAN is a modeling system originally developed by the USFS in the late 1970s. Today, the Minnesota IMPLAN Group (MIG, Inc.) owns the copyright and distributes data and software. It is probably the most widely used economic impact model in existence. IMPLAN comes with databases containing the most recently available economic data from a variety of sources. Using IMPLAN software and data, transaction tables were estimated for the three potentially affected counties (Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta) in Wyoming. Although most of the local economic impacts are anticipated to be in Sweetwater County, both Lincoln County and Uinta County are expected to contribute direct and/or indirect labor, materials, and services to the Project. Thus, for the purpose of the construction economic impact analysis, these three counties comprise the local regional economy. Each transaction table in IMPLAN contains 509 economic sectors and allows users to estimate a variety of economic statistics. The most relevant measures for the purpose of understanding the economic impacts to the region due to the Granger Optimization Project construction are value added and employment. For perspective, current economic conditions for the three-county region of influence in terms of employment, output, value added, and labor income are derived from data compiled by the IMPLAN, which uses the information provided by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), BEA’s Regional Economic Information System (REIS), the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Census of Agriculture, the U.S. Census Bureau, the U.S. Census Bureau’s Economic Census, the U.S. Census Bureau’s Annual Survey of Manufacturers, and the Internal Revenue Service Quarterly Payroll File (FICA). The latest available data are for 2015 and appear in Table 3-25. The top 10 industries in terms of their employment contribution to the region-wide economy are shown. The region produces over $6.4 billion in annual value added per year and employs more than 50,000 people. Output (Column 5 in Table 3-25 below) is a measure of the total goods and services used and produced by a given industry and is closely related to sales. The top two industries for employment are local government, including and excluding education. Support for oil and gas operations is next followed by real estate, wholesale trade and potash, soda, and borate mineral mining, which is the sector that includes GOP operations.

3-46 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-25. Top 10 Industries by Employment in the Three-County Region Comprised of Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta Counties Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Sector Description Employment Labor Income Output

534 * Employment and payroll of local govt, 3,812 $245,261,600 $291,204,900 education 533 * Employment and payroll of local govt, 2,980 $192,228,500 $228,590,500 non-education 38 Support activities for oil and gas operations 2,175 $208,395,800 $376,776,900 440 Real estate 1,551 $26,054,920 $255,240,800 395 Wholesale trade 1,533 $90,745,740 $330,294,400 33 Potash, soda, and borate mineral mining 1,464 $199,573,300 $951,091,200 502 Limited-service restaurants 1,198 $20,221,440 $90,397,780 411 Truck transportation 1,164 $77,537,100 $203,773,600 22 Coal mining 1,060 $121,353,800 $1,083,344,000 501 Full-service restaurants 1,048 $20,443,750 $44,973,770

3.4.2.5 Construction Impacts on Employment and Value Added The estimate of economic impacts from Granger construction activities on the three-county economic region is measured in terms of value added and employment. These figures depend upon the local share of direct costs to construct the Project. The estimate for the local percentage of the construction workforce and the associated direct impacts of the construction were based upon the Applicant’s local knowledge, the size of the local construction labor market, and the Applicant’s knowledge about the specialized skills necessary to construct the Project. This knowledge was gained at the existing Granger facility as well as their other facilities elsewhere. Similarly, the overall constructions costs, labor force requirements, and costs of operations were based upon the Applicant’s experience with developing such cost estimates. Local construction costs were based upon the availability of local purveyors to support the relevant procurements and services. The local payroll comprises about $35.8 million of this total. Additional local construction costs for the Project are estimated to be approximately $45 million primarily within the construction, accommodations, and food service industries. Expenditures by industry sector are used as direct inputs into IMPLAN. First, however, the expenditures are allocated on an annual basis because IMPLAN is based on annual economic activity. Additionally, because the IMPLAN model was built using economic data for 2015, the local construction costs were first converted to 2015 dollars using the gross domestic product (GDP) deflator to run the model and then converted back to 2016 dollars for reporting results. Regional price coefficients were set to 1 for each model run because only local expenditures were included as inputs. This includes local direct costs for temporary housing and for food and incidentals to accommodate the non-local workforce. Thus, while it is assumed that the outside labor force would send their payroll remittances to their home origins, they do contribute to the local economy through their expenditures on food and housing. The local labor force would spend their payroll within the local economy similar to other local households.

PR0828171057DEN 3-47 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Table 3-26 through Table 3-29 show the summary results of the analysis for years 2018 through 2021, respectively. Local costs in 2018 are estimated at $12.3 million in 2017 dollars. This creates 152 jobs directly involved with the Project, including local housing and meals and services for the non-local workforce. Direct employment would increase by 152 and the additional indirect and induced jobs brings the total to 190 FTEs. Total value added is estimated at $12.3 million. Total sales volume as measured by total output is $22.4 million.

Table 3-26. Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2018 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Costs Total Total Value Added Total Output Direct Jobs Created Total Jobs Created $16.5 million $12.3 million $22.4 million 152 190

The largest local economic impacts from construction occur in 2019 and 2020. As shown in Table 3-27, local construction costs for 2019 are estimated to be $36.9 million. The direct jobs due to the Project are 345 and total job creation in the three-county region is 429. Value added comes to $27.5 million and total output is $50.1 million.

Table 3-27. Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2019 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Local Construction Total Jobs Costs Total Value Added Total Output Direct Jobs Created Created $36.9 million $27.5 million $50.1 million 345 429

In 2020, the Project construction phase is estimated to contribute $24.8 million in direct local spending, as shown in Table 3-28. This spending creates 235 direct jobs and 321 jobs overall in the three-county region. Total value added is $18.6 million and output is $33.6 million.

Table 3-28. Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2020 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Local Construction Costs Total Value Added Total Output Direct Jobs Created Total Jobs Created $24.8 million $18.6 million $33.6 million 218 274

In the final year of construction, the Project would contribute about $2.3 million in local spending and 19 direct jobs, as shown in Table 3-29. Total local job creation is estimated at 26 FTEs, with a corresponding increase in value added of $10.3 million and output of $14.2 million. Table 3-29. Local Costs Construction Phase ($2017) and Economic Impacts in 2021 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Local Construction Costs Total Value Added Total Output Direct Jobs Created Total Jobs Created $2.3 million $1.8 million $3.2 million 19 24

3-48 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Wage and Benefits for Construction and Operations. The Research and Planning section of the WDWS, in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), conducts an Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Wage Survey. The OES program estimates occupational employment and wages. Data obtained from polled establishments are used to estimate occupational employment and wage rates for unemployment insurance (UI) covered wage and salary jobs in non-farm establishments. Wages for the OES Wage Survey include base pay rates, cost-of-living allowances, guaranteed pay, hazard pay, incentive pay, commissions, piece rates and production bonuses, length-of-service allowances, on-call pay, and portal-to-portal pay. For most occupations, the hourly wage estimates are calculated using a year-round, full-time figure of 2,080 hours per year (52 weeks times 40 hours). Some occupations, such as teachers and entertainment industry positions, are only reported on an annual basis. Employee Wage Estimates. Information compiled by the Department of Employment on annual and hourly wages is presented in Table 3-30 for skilled labor categories that are expected to be present throughout the construction phase. Similar data for the operations phase are presented in Table 3-31.

Table 3-30. Average Wages South West Region, GOP Construction Phase Occupations (2017) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Median Occupation Occ. Code Mean Wage 10th Pct 25th Pct Wage 75th Pct 90th Pct Engineers 17-2000 105,813 61,186 74,888 94,242 120,617 157,808 50.87 29.42 36 45.31 57.99 76 First-Line Supervisors/ 47-1011 79,574 46,078 55,318 72,232 101,035 126,583 Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction 38.26 22.16 26.6 34.73 48.57 61 Workers Carpenters 47-2031 52,884 36,336 44,106 52,751 61,387 70,171 25.43 17.47 21.21 25.37 29.51 34 Construction Laborers 47-2061 36,824 27,085 29,928 35,477 42,695 49,553 17.7 13.02 14.39 17.06 20.53 24 Operating Engineers and 47-2073 53,353 37,078 44,091 53,349 61,885 70,681 Other Construction 25.65 17.82 21.2 25.65 29.75 34 Equipment Operators Electricians 47-2111 62,879 38,738 53,541 61,219 73,398 88,966 30.23 18.62 25.74 29.43 35.29 43 Insulation Workers, Floor, 47-2131 40,043 27,160 31,054 37,415 46,346 59,791 Ceiling, and Wall 19.25 13.05 14.93 17.99 22.28 29 Painters, Construction and 47-2141 39,497 30,213 34,016 38,347 44,815 51,037 Maintenance 18.99 14.52 16.36 18.44 21.54 25 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and 47-2152 44,893 33,430 36,284 40,955 52,914 63,163 Steamfitters 21.59 16.07 17.45 19.69 25.44 30 Sheet Metal Workers 47-2211 48,462 31,409 36,097 45,611 59,949 70,625 23.3 15.1 17.36 21.93 28.82 34

23.3 15.1 17.36 21.93 28.82 34 Wyoming Occupational Employment and Wages, Southwest Region, and state data for Iron and Steel Workers, March 2017 http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/LEWISMarch2017ECI, Accessed August 9, 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-49 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-31. Average Wages for GOP Operations and Maintenance Occupations Southwest Region, Wyoming 2017 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Occ. Mean Median Occupation Code Wage 10th Pct 25th Pct Wage 75th Pct 90th Pct Supervisors, Production 51-1000 93,967 53,067 80,665 97,166 111,020 130,329 Workers 45.18 25.51 38.78 46.71 53.38 62.66 Engineers, Maintenance, All 17-2199 107,375 83,185 89,535 103,580 125,175 149,993 Other 51.62 39.99 43.05 49.8 60.18 72.11 Industrial Engineers 17-2112 109,244 76,725 91,117 111,234 127,417 145,567 52.53 36.89 43.81 53.48 61.25 69.98 Supervisors, Office and 43-1000 49,720 32,295 37,397 46,297 59,230 71,879 Administrative Support 23.9 15.53 17.98 22.26 28.48 34.55 Workers Electrical and Electronics 49-2094 80,843 59,155 67,963 84,555 93,785 99,495 Repairers, Commercial and 38.87 28.44 32.68 40.65 45.09 47.83 Industrial Equipment Maintenance and Repair 49-9071 58,877 24,932 35,961 56,975 82,846 97,591 Workers, General 28.31 11.99 17.29 27.4 39.83 46.92 Chemical Plant and System 51-8091 75,949 68,549 71,506 76,433 81,360 84,316 Operators 36.51 32.96 34.38 36.75 39.11 40.53

Source: Wyoming Occupational Employment and Wages, Southwest Region, March 2017 http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/LEWISMarch2017ECI, Accessed August 9, 2017

A review of Table 3-30 shows that mean annual wages for the construction-phase occupations for the southwest region of Wyoming in 2017 ranged from $36,824 for construction laborers to $105,813 for engineers. First-line supervisors, earning $79,574 on average, were next highest on the pay scale, followed by electricians, equipment operators, carpenters, sheet metal workers, pipefitters, insulators and painters. Representative occupations for the operations phase of the Project are displayed in Table 3-31. The engineers are the top-earners with mean salaries approaching $110,000, followed by supervisors, electrical repair specialists, chemical plant operators, and general maintenance and repair. Project Employee Benefits Estimates. Total employee compensation includes wages and salaries as well as benefits such as health insurance and retirement plans. According to the most recent Wyoming Benefits Survey for 2015, approximately 80 percent of firms with greater than 50 workers offer retirement benefits, fewer than 80 percent offer medical plans, and less than 60 percent of these employers offer paid sick leave. The numbers are more favorable when calculated as a percentage of the workforce. Approximately 83 percent of all full-time workers had medical coverage and nearly 100 percent benefitted from a defined contribution retirement plan.

3.4.2.6 Taxes The benefits related to the Project from a tax revenue perspective would occur based mostly on the ad valorem taxes that would be collected over the life of the Project. Additionally, in conjunction with associated ancillary activities, as discussed later, state and local sales and use tax revenues would be generated during construction and operation of the proposed facility. Although some of these tax revenues will be distributed on a local level, the State of Wyoming controls such distribution.

3-50 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Ad Valorem Taxes. Ad valorem taxes support a variety of county and municipal operations, including airports, fire protection, hospitals, libraries, museums, public health, recreational systems, special districts, and education. Assessed property values are the basis for ad valorem taxes. Property values related to the Project are determined annually on a centralized basis by WDOR. It is WDOR’s role to estimate the FMV of the industrial facility, including the value of the land and improvements. It is the owner’s responsibility to provide WDOR with all necessary information to enable the department to make this determination. The owner provides WDOR with all property located in the state on the lien date, which is January 1 of each calendar year. Developments or Construction Work in Progress (CWIP) are taxable prior to their completion and operation, especially in the case of multi-year construction schedules. Under such circumstances, the owner provides WDOR with cumulative construction costs that are then incorporated into its appraisal. After WDOR determines the FMV of the industrial facility, the assessed value is stated as 11.5 percent of this value. The assessed value is allocated to the county within which the Project is located. This county then applies the property tax levy (for the tax district within which each Project is located) to calculate the annual property taxes due. The proposed site is in Granger in Sweetwater County, where the 2011 tax levy is 75.166 mills. Thus, for every $1,000 of assessed value of real property (land and improvements), Sweetwater County will levy property taxes of $75.166 annually. The property tax revenues received by the county are distributed across taxing entities as shown in Table 3-32, with the majority supporting public education. GOP projected future property tax payments based upon the anticipated non-exempt construction costs and schedule. Property taxes of approximately $342,000 would be payable to Sweetwater County in 2019 because construction activities would commence in 2018. By tax year 2020, property taxes would increase by another $800,000 to reach $1,140,000. The increment in 2021 would be about $600,000, for an annual total of $1,740,000 and in 2022, $60,000 would be added to the annual property tax bill, for a grand total of $1.8 million at Project completion. The cumulative ad valorem taxes paid over the construction phase sums to approximately $5 million. An estimate of the tax revenues in subsequent years is presented in the section addressing operational impacts.

Table 3-32. Millage by Taxing Entity, Granger, Sweetwater County (2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Taxing Entity Millage General County Levy 12 Fair Operation 0.846 Other General Fund 9.054 Hospital 0.174 Library Operation 1.228 Museum Operation 0.136 Public Health Purposes 0.327 Recreation System 0.235 Weed and Pest .553 Schools 46.282 Community College 5.331 Castle Rock 3.00 Municipal 8 Total 75.166 Source: Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR), 2016.

PR0828171057DEN 3-51 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Sales, Use, and Lodging Taxes. The State of Wyoming levies a state sales tax of 4 percent on a wide array of goods and services purchased within the state. The use tax is a companion to the sales tax and is imposed upon goods purchased tax-free outside Wyoming for use in Wyoming. Collected taxes are shared between the state (69 percent) and counties (31 percent). Counties can levy the following additional sales and use taxes: general-purpose option tax of 1 percent, specific-purpose option tax of 1 percent, and lodging tax of up to 4 percent on hotel and motel room charges for stays under 30 days. In 2016, Lincoln, and Uinta counties each had a 5 percent sales and use tax (statewide base of 4 percent plus 1 percent general purpose optional county tax) and Sweetwater County had an additional 1 percent special purpose tax for a total of 6 percent. It is anticipated that most of the Wyoming sales and use taxes will be paid in Sweetwater County where the Project is located and due to size of its economy relative to the other two counties in the Study Area. In addition to the non-exempt expenditures to construct the Project, local tax revenues would accrue from the sale of goods and services to non-local workers. The estimated quarterly tax revenues over the construction period are shown in Table 3-33. In all, it is likely that local tax revenues totaling over $2.8 million would accrue to the three-county Study Area due to the Project over the 26-month construction period. Lodging tax revenues could accrue to the counties in which Project-related construction workers temporarily reside. Estimates of these potential tax revenues are not presented in Table 3-33. This is because lodging taxes are levied only on sleeping accommodations for guests staying less than 30 days. In general, the non-local workers are expected to stay longer than 30 days. Distribution of Impact Assistance Funds. As determined in the original filing for the Granger Optimization Project in 2012, the Project falls under the jurisdiction of the Industrial Development Information and Siting Act (ISA), whereby local governments are eligible to receive Impact Assistance Fund payments. Impact Assistance Fund Calculations. The amount of Impact Assistance Fund payments is based on the growth of sales and use taxes during the previous 12-month period. The calculation uses an average of all the sales and use taxes in the Project county (in this case, Sweetwater County) for the preceding 12-month period and is based on the growth of sales and use taxes after construction is initiated. WDOR is responsible for calculating the prior 12 months of sales and use taxes to establish a baseline total. The corresponding construction month’s sales and use tax is then compared to the monthly baseline total to determine that month’s Impact Assistance Fund payment. The difference, the growth in sales and use taxes during the construction month, is the amount to be distributed in the Impact Assistance Fund payment. It is important to note that only sales and use taxes are used for the calculation. Lastly, the actual Impact Assistance Fund payments are issued by WDOR and come from Wyoming’s General Fund, rather than directly from the Project proponent. Impact Assistance Fund Distributions. Appendix B provides an estimate of the amount of Impact Assistance Fund payments that could be expected because of the Project expenditures and increased sale and use taxes. A review of Appendix shows that the monthly average of Impact Assistance Fund payments from July 2017 through June 2018 is estimated to be $45,184.

3-52 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-33. Estimates of Tax Revenues Accruing to Local Jurisdictions within Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta Counties to Construct the GOP Granger Optimization Facility and For Local Purchases by Non-Local Workforce Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Quarter

2018 2019 2020 2021 Total Tax Type of Tax Rate Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2018-2021

State 4% $116,297 $116,297 $116,297 $235,751 $235,751 $235,751 $235,751 $147,493 $147,493 $147,493 $147,493 $12,613 $1,894,480

General 1% $29,074 $29,074 $29,074 $58,938 $58,938 $58,938 $58,938 $36,873 $36,873 $36,873 $36,873 $3,153 $473,620 Purpose Option

Special 1% $29,074 $29,074 $29,074 $58,938 $58,938 $58,938 $58,938 $36,873 $36,873 $36,873 $36,873 $3,153 $473,620 Purpose Option

Total 6% $174,446 $174,446 $174,446 $353,626 $353,626 $353,626 $353,626 $221,239 $221,239 $221,239 $221,239 $18,920 $2,841,720

Source: Tronox, 2017; CH2M, 2017. Note: The special purpose tax accrues only to Sweetwater County.

PR0828171057DEN 3-53 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.4.2.7 Operation Impacts Operations Impacts on Employment and Value Added. In this analysis, the economic impact to the region resulting from operation and maintenance (O&M) costs are estimated. Following completion of the Project, it is anticipated that annual O&M of the newly installed equipment would require up to 26 new positions, which would all be filled by non-local workers at a total annual compensation of $3.85 million per year. These direct jobs lead to three additional indirect workers and 13 more workers through induced spending by households for the total creation of 57 jobs. In all, the new facility operations would contribute nearly $14 million in value added and more than $24 million in output in the Study Area. The results of the analysis the total economic impacts for the three-county region are shown in Table 3-34.

Table 3-34. Annual Economic Impacts of Granger O&M ($2017) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

Local O&M Payroll Direct Jobs Total Jobs IMPLAN Sector Costs Per Year Total Value Added Total Output Created Created 33 $3.85 million $13.9 million $24.5 million 26 57

Source: Minnesota IMPLAN Group, 2017; CH2M, 2017.

The top 10 industries in the region affected in terms of employment are shown in Table 3-35. The direct employment is in the potash, sodas, and borate mining sector. Maintenance and repair construction is expected to add three new jobs. Wholesale trade, other nonmetallic mineral services, limited service restaurants, full-service restaurants, management of companies and enterprises, insurance agencies, brokerages and related activities, and architectural, engineering, and related services are each expected to gain one job.

Table 3-35. Top 10 Industries Experiencing Job Creation Due to the O&M Phase of the Granger Project Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Total Labor Total Value Total Income Added Total Output Sector Description Employment ($) ($) ($) 33 Potash, soda, and borate mineral mining 26 3,868,649 11,059,445 18,728,106 62 Maintenance and repair construction of 3 179,834 257,853 545,909 nonresidential structures 395 Wholesale trade 1 85,713 179,085 310,619 40 Other nonmetallic minerals services 1 74,651 119,177 202,143 440 Real estate 1 19,338 130,344 190,243 502 Limited-service restaurants 1 18,948 46,442 84,898 501 Full-service restaurants 1 20,995 22,158 46,292 461 Management of companies and enterprises 1 63,025 83,272 169,075 438 Insurance agencies, brokerages, and 1 30,906 46,842 130,838 related activities 449 Architectural, engineering, and related 1 60,451 61,168 128,546 services Source: IMPLAN Data for 2015. Copyright 2017 Minnesota IMPLAN Group; CH2M, 2017.

3-54 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.4.2.8 Ad Valorem Taxes during Project Operations As described above, ad valorem tax revenues would accrue to Granger and Sweetwater County each year until the value of the property has been fully depreciated. The property tax revenues received by the county and Granger are distributed across a number of taxing entities, as shown in Table 3-32 and Table 3-36, with the majority supporting public education. The majority of the general county levy is paid to the Sweetwater County, whereas the other levies are paid to the Granger, the local jurisdiction. In 2016, Granger collected $111,179 in ad valorem taxes and Sweetwater County collected $157.7 million. Over the period 2019 through 2022, the estimated cumulative ad valorem tax revenue generated would be approximately $5 million in nominal terms, as shown in Table 3-37. As noted in Section 5.4.3.2, by 2022 the annual property taxes due to the Project would be at their maximum value of about $1.8 million. Then, using straight-line depreciation over the subsequent 25 years, the annual property taxes would decline as the assets depreciate. The net present value of property tax payment is computed at a 2 percent real discount rate because this corresponds to the long-term yield on 10-year U.S. Treasury Bond. Over the 25-year operation of the Project post construction, the net present value of total property taxes that would be paid to Granger and Sweetwater County amounts to $16.6 million. This figure is additive to the $5 million paid during construction. The Project would provide a substantial increase in local property tax revenue to the community. Finally, their taxes, including severance taxes and royalty fees would be paid to the state.

Table 3-36. Millage and Revenue by Taxing Entity, Granger, Sweetwater County (2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Taxing Entity Millage Revenue County Levy, Weed and Pest, Castle Rock 15.553 mills $23,005 Schools (foundation Program) 51.613 mills $76,341 Municipal 8.0 mills $11,843 Total 75.166 mills $111,179

Source: Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR), 2016.

Table 3-37. Estimate of Ad Valorem Taxes Paid in Millions Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 25-Year Total (NPV) 2019 - 2022 2023 - 2047 $5.03 $16.6 Source: CH2M, 2017.

3.4.3 Housing and Housing Availability Analysis This section addresses the following six major topics: 1) composition of the existing housing, 2) housing inventory and residential construction trends, 3) home value and rental housing costs, 4) rental housing vacancies, 5) housing needs, and 6) temporary accommodations.

PR0828171057DEN 3-55 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.4.3.1 Existing Conditions Housing Stock. Growth in the housing market in Wyoming and the Study Area has slowed substantially since 2010. While the total number of housing units in Wyoming rose by 17 percent between 2000 and 2010, it rose by only 2 percent between the 2010 U.S. Census and the 2011- 2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimate. Similarly, while the number of units in the Study Area increased 18 percent between 2000 and 2010, it slowed to 1 percent between 2010 and the estimate for 2015 as shown in Table 3-38. Of the 5,631 housing units added in the Study Area between 2000 and 2010, half were added in Sweetwater County and 38 percent were in Lincoln County, which posted the largest percentage increase in housing stock during this period, at 31 percent. Since 2010, 73 percent of the 421 new housing units in the Study Area were added in Sweetwater County. Table 3-38. 2000, 2010 – 2015 Changes in Housing Units for Wyoming and Study Area Counties Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Number of Units 2000 to 2010 % 2010 to 2015 % Area 2000 2010 2015 change change Wyoming 223,854 261,868 266,630 17% 2% Sweetwater County 15,921 18,735 19,042 18% 2% Lincoln County 6,831 8,946 9,008 31% 1% Uinta County 8,011 8,713 8,765 9% 1% Study Area Total 30,763 36,394 36,815 18% 1% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census and 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.

Table 3-39 summarizes the occupied versus vacant housing units in the Study Area as well as those that are renter occupied. In 2015, there were a total of 30,978 occupied housing units and 5,837 vacant units in the three-county Study Area. Of these vacant housing units, 40 percent, or 2,363 units, were in Sweetwater County and 38 percent, or 2,211 units, were in Lincoln County. Approximately 14 to 25 percent of the housing stock in the Study Area was renter occupied, with Rock Springs and Green River in Sweetwater County and Evanston in Uinta County having the largest numbers of renter- occupied units (5,537 total). Seven of the communities in the Study Area, Bairoil, Granger, Superior, Cokeville, Diamondville, Lyman, and La Barge, had less than 20 percent of their housing used for rental purposes in 2015, for a total of 267 renter-occupied units.

Table 3-39. 2010 Housing Unit Characteristics (Occupied, Vacant, and Renter Occupied) for Wyoming and the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Total Housing Units Occupied Housing Units Vacant Housing Units Renter-Occupied Unitsa

Percent of Total Percent of Total Percent of Total Area Housing Area Housing Area Housing Area Name Number Number Units Number Units Number Units Wyoming 266,630 226,865 85% 39,765 15% 70,190 26% Sweetwater 19,042 16,679 88% 2,363 12% 4,838 25% County

Bairoil 79 48 61% 31 39% 8 10%

Granger 86 56 65% 30 35% 9 10%

3-56 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Percent of Total Percent of Total Percent of Total Area Housing Area Housing Area Housing Area Name Number Number Units Number Units Number Units

Green River 4,791 4,491 94% 300 6% 1,198 25%

Rock Springs 10,366 8,983 87% 1,383 13% 2,898 28%

Superior 144 84 58% 60 42% 20 14%

Wamsutter 228 124 54% 104 46% 57 25%

Lincoln County 9,008 6,797 75% 2,211 25% 1,301 14%

Afton 905 694 77% 211 23% 215 24%

Alpine 441 315 71% 126 29% 95 22%

Cokeville 188 149 79% 39 21% 27 14%

Diamondville 350 305 87% 45 13% 43 12%

Kemmerer 1,360 1,055 78% 305 22% 274 20%

La Barge 279 168 60% 111 40% 53 19%

Thayne 190 156 82% 34 18% 59 31%

Uinta County 8,765 7,502 86% 1,263 14% 2,022 23%

Evanston 4,955 4,311 87% 644 13% 1,441 29%

Lyman 847 741 87% 106 13% 107 13%

Mountain 515 468 91% 47 9% 122 24% View

Study Area 36,815 30,978 84% 5,837 16% 8,161 22% Notes: a Total Housing Units = Occupied Housing Units + Vacant Housing Units; Renter-Occupied Units are a subset of the Occupied Housing Units; however, the percentages are a proportion of Total Housing Units. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015.

Housing Construction Activity. Overall, new housing unit production in Wyoming and the Study Area, as indicated by residential construction permits, has been modest since 2010. Historically, construction peaked in 2007, with 1,007 units permitted in the Study Area, after which it fell sharply by 57 percent between 2007 and 2008, and then dropped by another 49 percent between 2010 and 2011 (WCDA, 2017). Figure 3-6 illustrates the number of housing units authorized annually for construction in Wyoming and the Study Area. The contribution that residential construction activity in the Study Area has made to that of the state has varied substantially from lows of 7 to 9 percent from 2011 to 2013 to a high of 22 percent in 2007. On average, the Study Area has contributed 14 percent of the state’s residential construction annually over the past 15 years.

PR0828171057DEN 3-57 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

5,000

4,500

4,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500 Authorized Construction Permits Construction Authorized

1,000

500

0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Study Area Wyoming

Figure 3-6. New Housing Units Authorized for Construction for the Study Area and State (1980 through 2015) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 On average, approximately 80 percent of the new housing authorized for construction over the past 15 years in the Study Area has been in either Sweetwater County or Lincoln County, as shown in Figure 3-7. Sweetwater County has contributed an average of 46 percent of the new construction in the Study Area since 2000 while Lincoln County has contributed 35 percent. Figure 3-7 illustrates that growth in Sweetwater County increased significantly between 2003 (63 permits) and 2004 (216 permits), resulting in Sweetwater County exchanging places with Lincoln County in terms of new residential construction growth mid-decade. This trend would continue until 2015 when Lincoln County again led the Study Area in the construction of new residential units. Since a modest spike in authorized units in 2007, Uinta County has averaged 46 new units per year. Lincoln County averaged 61 units per year between 2008 and 2015, while Sweetwater County averaged 176 new residential units authorized per year. Most recently in 2015, Sweetwater County authorized 84 new units as compared to 227 in 2014.

3-58 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150 Authorized Construction Permits Construction Authorized

100

0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Lincoln County Sweetwater County Uinta County

Figure 3-7. Total New Residential Construction Units Authorized by County (2000 through 2015) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Wyoming Housing Database Partnership, 2017. Single-family units comprised 84 percent of the total housing units constructed in the Study Area over the past 35 years as shown in Figure 3-8. The figure illustrates that there were periods of multi-unit construction between 1980 and 1987, and more recently between 2008 and 2014; however, no new units were authorized in the Study Area in 2015.

3.4.3.2 Home Value and Rental Housing Costs Home Values. The Wyoming Housing Database Partnership annually compiles the average sales price of existing, detached, single-family homes on 10 acres or less sold from each County’s Tax Assessor. Sales prices have increased from a statewide simple average of $261,532 in 2010 to $275,611 in 2015, a hike of 5.4 percent (WCDA, 2017). Figure 3-9 illustrates that the average single-family home sales price in 2015 varied greatly by county across the state.

PR0828171057DEN 3-59 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0% 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 1980

Single-Family Units Duplex Units Tri- and Four-Plex Units Multi-Family Units

Figure 3-8. New Residential Construction by Type of Structure in the Study Area (1980 through 2015) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Wyoming Housing Database Partnership, 2017.

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Figure 3-9. Average Single-Family Home Sales Price in Wyoming in 2015. Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Wyoming Community Development Authority, 2017. Recent home sales for the three Study Area counties are summarized in Table 3-40, while Figure 3-10 illustrates the change in average home values. Of the 809 homes sold in the Study Area in 2015, 52 percent were in Sweetwater County and a quarter of the homes were in Lincoln County. Sales prices in each county have fluctuated year to year since 2009. Lincoln County has experienced the greatest range in sales prices; the average in 2015 was $288,084, up from a low of $189,290 in 2012. Home sale prices were highest in Lincoln County, followed by Sweetwater County ($245,919) and Uinta County ($209,625). Overall, the weighted average, integrating the number of home sales, for the Study Area was $248,013 in 2015.

PR0828171057DEN 3-61 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-40. Home Sales in the Study Area from 2009 through 2015 (Assessor data: Nominal Dollars and Annual Percent Change) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 County 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 # Sales 2015 2014-15 2015 Median

Lincoln $218,350 $246,864 $215,671 $189,290 $247,160 $246,701 $288,084 202 17% $227,000

Sweetwater $232,959 $213,689 $217,245 $229,003 $237,067 $248,511 $245,919 419 -1% $238,000

Uinta $194,928 $181,269 $181,429 $191,065 $209,631 $205,177 $209,625 188 2% $209,625

Weighted Average $248,013

Source: Wyoming Community Development Authority, The 2016 Wyoming Profile of Demographics, Economics, and Housing, Vol. 1, March 2017.

3-62 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

$350,000

$330,000

$310,000

$290,000

$270,000

$250,000

$230,000 Average Sales Price Sales Average $210,000

$190,000

$170,000

$150,000 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Year

Lincoln County Sweetwater County Unita County

Figure 3-10. Average House Value for Counties in the Study Area (2009 through 2015) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Wyoming Community Development Authority, 2017 Rental Housing Costs. For workers seeking temporary relocation to an area, housing rental rates for apartments, houses, and mobile home lots are generally more relevant than home sale prices. The number of renter-occupied housing units and the percentage they represent of the total number of housing units in each county are summarized in Table 3-39. The most recent rental rate data for the Study Area cover the annual period from the second quarter of 2015 to the second quarter of 2016, as presented in Table 3-41. Rental rates changed little overall during this time with apartment rental rates decreasing 2 percent, mobile home lots increasing by 3 percent, and home rentals increasing by 1 percent. The average monthly apartment rental rates in 2016 were all below the state average and ranged from a low of $525 in Lincoln County to a high of $653 in Sweetwater County. Rental rates for single-family homes showed the greatest variation across the Study Area from a low of $812 a month in Uinta County to a high of $947 per month for homes in Sweetwater County, as shown in Table 5-47. Overall, historically lower rental rates in Lincoln County are trending higher while those of Sweetwater and Uinta counties are unchanged or modestly declining. While renters can do somewhat better in Lincoln or Uinta County, any savings in rent would need to be balanced against the time and out-of- pocket costs associated with a longer commute (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2017).

PR0828171057DEN 3-63 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-41. Average Monthly Apartment, Mobile Home Lot, and House Rental Rates for Counties in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Apartment a Mobile Home Lot b House c

2015-2016 2015-2016 2015-2016 County 2Q15 2Q16 % Change 2Q15 2Q16 % Change 2Q15 2Q16 % Change

Wyoming $743 $723 -3% $320 $324 1% $1,058 $1,025 -3%

Sweetwater $698 $653 -6% $372 $381 2% $997 $947 -5%

Lincoln $510 $525 3% ND ND NA $733 $818 12%

Uinta $606 $601 -1% $273 $281 3% $829 $812 -2%

Study Area $605 $593 -2% $323 $331 3% $853 $859 1% Average a Two-bedroom units, unfurnished, excluding gas and electric. b Single-wide, including water. c Two- or three-bedroom, single-family, excluding gas and electric. Source: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2017.

3.4.3.3 Rental Housing Vacancies The State of Wyoming Housing Database Partnership estimates rental housing vacancy rates based on semiannual surveys, the most recent of which was conducted in December 2016. It resulted in 1,493 completed surveys from property managers overseeing a total of 32,157 rental units. Recent surveys indicate a shift in Wyoming’s rental market as many respondents who have historically participated in the survey were unreachable while others continued to report that a portion of the rental stock was sold into homeownership, or sold to other property managers. Oil-producing counties have seen increases in vacancy rates driven by the fall in the price and production of oil, which may have caused a sell-off or closure of previously available rental units. Table 3-42 compares the survey sample size, total number of units, and vacancy rates for the Study Area and the state in the second half of 2015 as compared to the second half of 2016. Of the 32,157 rental units surveyed in 2016 in Wyoming, 3,556 were vacant, resulting in a rental vacancy rate of 11 percent, noticeably higher than the 7 percent vacancy rate in 2015. While the overall average vacancy rate for the Study Area also increased from 8.8 percent in 2015 to 13.5 percent in 2016, this was solely the result of changes to the rental housing market in Sweetwater County. The vacancy rates for Lincoln and Uinta counties declined modestly while vacancy rates increased in Sweetwater County from 6 percent in 2015 to 13.3 percent in 2016. Additionally, while the survey sample size declined by only 6 in the county, the total number of rental units reported declined by 529 while the number of vacant rental units also increased by 138 (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2017).

Table 3-42. Rental Vacancy Rates in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 December 2015 December 2016

Total Vacant Vacancy Total Vacant County Sample Units Units Rate Sample Units Units Vacancy Rate

Wyoming 1,462 35,562 2,461 6.9% 1,493 32,157 3,556 11.1% Lincoln 47 426 68 16.0% 39 412 56 13.6%

3-64 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-42. Rental Vacancy Rates in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 December 2015 December 2016

Total Vacant Vacancy Total Vacant County Sample Units Units Rate Sample Units Units Vacancy Rate

Sweetwater 86 2,811 165 5.9% 92 2,282 303 13.3% Uinta 45 801 123 15.4% 45 886 123 13.9% Study Area 178 4,038 356 8.8% 176 3,580 482 13.5% Source: Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2017.

The rental vacancy survey included 92 completed surveys for Sweetwater County in 2016. Of the 2,282 rental units sampled, 303 (13.3 percent) were vacant, which is higher than the statewide average vacancy rate of 11 percent. Table 3-43 summarizes the distribution of the vacant housing stock for rent by type in 2016. Ten property managers in Sweetwater County indicated they had waiting lists representing approximately 71 households (Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division, 2017).

Table 3-43. Rental Vacancy Rates by Type of Unit in the Sweetwater County in 2016 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Unit Type Number of Vacant Units Vacancy Rate Single-Family Units 21 11.6 Apartments 166 12.5 Duplexes 7 10.6 Mobile Homes 11 5.1 Other 9 10.6 Don’t Know 89 21.9 Total Vacant Units 303

Size of Waiting List 10

Total Number of Households on Waiting List 71

3.4.3.4 Temporary Accommodations Temporary accommodations, for purposes of this report, are defined as hotel and motel rooms and sites for RVs. These data were collected to assist with identifying the area primarily affected by non-local workers and to obtain housing commitments for the temporary non-local workforce. In years when facilities close to a project site have low vacancy rates, for example due to multiple projects, alternatives more distant from the Project become more viable. However, it is reasonable to assume that workers will tend to choose housing opportunities that are more convenient to their work in Granger when such opportunities are available, affordable, and suitable. Recognizing this, the Town of Grangers Municipal Plan identifies areas that are suitable to support the installation of mobile homes and manufactured homes on temporary foundations, recreational vehicles, as well as man camp facilities (Pendersen Planning Consultants, 2009). It notes that the Trails West Subdivision has approximately 65 vacant lots available for manufactured or mobile homes while an undeveloped subdivision near old Little America Road could serve as a man camp facility. A review of the literature indicated that this is the most current

PR0828171057DEN 3-65 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS information. The Town of Granger favors these locations as it attempts to concentrate temporary housing facilities south of the Blacks Fork River and permanent housing on the north side of the River. Availability of temporary accommodations in the Study Area can be affected by events such as the Oyster Ridge Music Festival held each July in Kemmerer as well as the National High School Finals Rodeo (NHSFR) held in Rock Springs on an intermittent basis. The next NHSFR event scheduled in Rock Springs is July 14-20, 2019, as discussed in detail in Section 5.6 (NHSFR, 2017). Table 3-44 compiles a listing of hotels, motels, and RV parks within a 60-minute drive of the Project location as well as their corresponding number of rooms. There are at least 3,227 temporary lodging units located at 32 motels/ hotels and 10 RV parks across the Granger – Rock Springs area.

Table 3-44. Hotel and Motel Rooms and RV Sites by County and Community (2017) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Number of Rooms County Community Hotel/Motel or RV Sites Sweetwater County Sweetwater Little America

Little America Hotel Wyoming 140

Green River Ashley National Forest – Buckboard Crossing 66

Buckboard Marina at Flaming Gorge 40 Coachman Inn Motel 35

Hampton Inn Suites Green River 106

Little Bear Motel 30

Mustang Motel 23

Oak Tree Inn Green River 190

Super 8 Green River 35

Tex’s Travel Camp 67

Western Motel 31

Green River Subtotal 623

Rock Springs Baymont Inn & Suites Rock Springs 129

Best Western Outlaw Inn 100

Clarion Hotel Rock Springs 149

Cody Motel 39

Country West Motel 32

Days Inn Rock Springs 110

Econo Guest Village 80

Econo Lodge Rock Springs 92

Hampton Inn Rock Springs 70

High Desert Storage & RV Park 22

Holiday Inn Express & Suites Rock Springs Green River 79

Holiday Inn Rock Springs 170

Homewood Suites Rock Springs 84

Motel 6 Rock Springs 99

3-66 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

My Place Hotel Rock Springs 64

Quality Inn Rock Springs 103

Rock Springs/ Green River KOA 181

Saddle Lite Hotel 16

Skyline Village RV 305

Springs Motel 23 Super 8 Rock Springs 49 Rock Springs Subtotal 2,087 Sweetwater County Total 2,850

Lincoln County Lincoln Diamondville

Super 8 Diamondville Kemmerer 41 Kemmerer

Antler Motel 56

Best Western Plus Fossil Country Inn & Suites 80

Foothills Mobile Home & RV Park 63

The Hams Fork Grill and RV Park 17

Kemmerer Subtotal 216 Lincoln County Total 257

Uinta County

Uinta Fort Bridger Fort Bridger RV Park 38

Wagon Wheel Motel 24

Lyman

Lyman KOA 60

Gateway Inn 48

Uinta County Total 170 Total Within a 60 Mile Drive 3,227 Sources: Wyoming Official State Travel Website, Smith Travel Research, and CH2M, 2017.

Hotels and Motels. The Granger – Rock Springs area has approximately 2,418 rooms at 32 hotels and motels, including 11 facilities with more than 100 rooms each (Table 3-44). Hotel and motel occupancy rates for the period from January 2011 to June 2017 are presented in Table 3-45 based on information from Smith Travel Research (STR). The STR sample includes responses from 17 facilities in the area representing 1,553 rooms. The average monthly occupancy rate between 2011 and 2017 was lowest in December at 38.8 percent and highest in July at 77.4 percent. The corresponding vacancy rate, see Figure 3-11, is also highly seasonal, ranging from highs of 60 percent in December through February to lows of approximately 22-24 percent in July and August. However, Figure 5-16 also illustrates that the monthly vacancy rates for the past 12 months have been noticeably higher than average, never

PR0828171057DEN 3-67 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS dropping below 30 percent. In contrast, vacancy rates typically fell below 30 percent from mid-May to September of each year.

Table 3-45. Average Monthly Hotel and Motel Occupancy Rates for the Granger – Rock Springs Area, Wyoming, January 2011 to June 2017 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Average 40.1 41.1 44.8 52.6 62.9 73.2 77.4 75.9 70.4 59.3 46.6 38.8

Source: Smith Travel Research, 2017.

Vacancy Rate 30

6 Year Average Past 12 months

Figure 3-11. Study Area Monthly Vacancy Rates (6 Year Average and for past 12 months) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Smith Travel Research, 2017. The average daily room rate fluctuates depending on the month, as can be seen from the information presented in Figure 3-12. Room rates are generally highest in the summer from June until August and peak each year in July. Average annual rates for a hotel or motel near the Project site grew steadily from $76 per day in 2011 to $87 per day in 2016. However, this trend reversed in October 2016 with monthly rates generally starting to decline when compared to the corresponding rates of 12 months earlier. Similarly, the July average room rate peaked at $101.60 per day in 2015 and fell to $98.49 per day in 2016, while the 6-year average rate was $93.62 per day.

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$110

$100

$90

$80

$70

$60

$50 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-16 Jul-17 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Jan-17 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Oct-16 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Apr-16 Apr-17 Figure 3-12. Monthly Average Daily Room Rate (2011 through 2017) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Smith Travel Research, 2017. Recreational Vehicle Sites. There are 10 RV parks or campgrounds with 859 sites in the Granger – Rock Springs area that can provide accommodations for visits with durations of weeks or months, as shown in Table 3-44. Tex’s Travel Camp, located off I-80 east of Green River, has 67 sites and is the nearest RV park to Project site. Located further east on the western edge of Rock Springs, the Rock Springs/ Green River KOA is the largest RV campground, with a total of 181 sites.

3.4.3.5 Construction Impacts Employment during the construction phase of the Project would range from a low of 11 non-local workers in the final quarter (first quarter 2021) of construction to a peak of 233 workers in the second quarter of 2019. The average number of non-local workers over the 36-month construction period is approximately 123. The non-local temporary workforce is projected to number 89 during the third quarter of 2018 and 204 during the third quarter of 2019, the quarters that coincide with the NHSFR being held in Rock Springs in July. Additional discussion of the NHSFR and its potential impact on temporary housing is found in Section 5.6.2.1. Impacts to temporary housing are expected to be minor, with the Project non-local workforce representing 6 percent of the typical number of competitors participating in 2018 and 14 percent in 2019 (NHSRA, 2017).

3.4.3.6 Number of Units Required Estimates of selected characteristics of the peak-quarter (April to June 2019) workforce is shown in Table 3-46. It is estimated that a total of 233 single non-local construction workers would relocate to the area of site influence. Up to five non-local workers could be accompanied by family members and it is

PR0828171057DEN 3-69 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS assumed that all workers would secure temporary accommodations for the duration of their involvement in the Project. Table 3-46. Estimate of Local and Non-Local Construction Worker Breakdown During Peak Quarter Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Peak Monthly Workforce Number of Workers Total Peak Workforce 310 Local Workers 77 Non-Local Workers 233 Non-Local Workers Bringing Families 5 Non-Local Single Workers 228 Housing Requirement Number of Rooms Permanent Housing Units 0 Temporary Accommodation Units by Type Recreational Vehicle Spaces 34 Houses, Apartments, and Rental Mobile Homes 5 Hotel and Motel Rooms 170 Temporary Accommodation Units by Occupancy Number of Type Single-Occupancy 145 Double-Occupancy 24 Source: CH2M, 2017.

The estimated housing requirements shown in Table 3-46 are based on the assumption that one-quarter of the single, non-local workers (48 workers) will share temporary accommodation units, such as hotel/ motel rooms (i.e., double-occupancy). The remaining three-quarters would occupy units individually. It was also assumed, based on similarly sized construction projects, that approximately 15 percent of the non-local workers would choose to stay in an RV. The aggregate demand for accommodations created by the non-local workers could total 209 units. The Project assumed that hotel/ motel rooms and RV sites in close proximity to the Project would generally be the primary accommodation type due to their relative abundance, even in the peak month of July. However, it is anticipated that a maximum of five non-local families would consider renting a house, apartment, or mobile home during the peak quarter of construction.

3.4.3.7 Construction Workforce Housing Plan GOP has engaged in a preliminary assessment of housing options to ensure that housing is available to temporary construction workers employed during the construction period from the second quarter of 2018 through the first quarter of 2021. Due to the variety of the housing options and locations within commuting distance of the site and increasing vacancy rates, the housing market analysis suggests that there will not be a housing shortage for the non-local workforce. Table 3-47 provides a breakdown of the housing vacancies by type of housing, which demonstrates that there is not a need for a detailed Housing Plan. There are approximately 7,666 temporary accommodations available to meet the peak demand of 209 units by members of the construction workforce during the peak quarter of construction, April through June 2019. This results in total housing surplus of 2,047 units, as reflected in Table 3-47. The non-local workforce is projected to be approximately 204 during July 2019, the month of the lowest seasonal vacancies each year, 23 percent, as well as the month that the NHSFR will be occurring. Due to

3-70 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS a higher vacancy rates in 2016 (33 percent in July) and the sizable surplus of housing units, there is adequate housing meet the demands of the workforce.

Table 3-47. Potentially Available Temporary Accommodations Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Number of Accommodation Units Number of Housing Required by Project Number of Available Surplus During Peak Month Accommodation Vacancy Accommodation (Supply minus Type of Rental Housing (Demand) Units Rateb Units (Supply) Demand) Houses, Apartments, 5 3,580 13.6% 487 +482 and Rental Mobile Homea RV Sites 34 859 37% 318 +284 Hotel/Motel Roomsb 170 3,227 37% 1,194 +1,024 TOTAL 209 7,666 1,999 +2,047 Notes: a See Table 3-42, based on total vacant rental units (Single-family units, Apartments, Duplexes, and Mobile Homes) across the three-county Study Area. b The vacancy rate for the rental housing market is an average of the three-county Study Area; the vacancy rate for hotel/ motel rooms is based on the average occupancy for the peak quarters of April to June over the past 5 years (January 2011 to June 2016) while the vacancy rate for RV sites was assumed to be comparable to that of the Hotel/ Motel market. + indicates a surplus of housing units. Source: Smith Travel Research, 2017; CH2M, 2017.

3.4.3.8 Effects on Vacancies of Local Motel/Hotels, Recreational Vehicles, and Apartments The supply of temporary accommodations in the Study Area includes hotel and motel rooms, apartments, single-family rental housing units, rental mobile homes, and RV spaces located in RV parks. Estimates of the available supply of each type of accommodation are shown in Table 3-47, along with the demand generated by the non-local workers associated with the Project. The number of potentially available units is derived by applying the vacancy rates shown to the total number of each type of unit in the Study Area. More than adequate housing is available to meet the needs of the non-local workers. Table 3-47 shows estimates of vacancy rates, by type of accommodation unit, prior to the period of peak construction activity of the Project. Implementation of the Project would reduce temporary housing vacancy rates as the demand absorbs approximately 10 percent of the supply of available vacant units during peak workforce conditions. To further validate this surplus, GOP contacted more than 50 temporary accommodations to obtain commitments of interest to provide housing for the Project. It received responses from 24 of the hotels (representing 1,704 total rooms) with firm commitments of 320 rooms and probable commitments for many more. Appendix A, Table A-1 includes a summary of the temporary housing locations that provided commitments or probable commitments for the Project.

3.4.3.9 Operations Impacts During operation of the proposed Project, it is estimated that there would be 26 full-time, permanent employees. No impacts to housing resources are expected.

3.4.4 Public Education The major topics addressed in this section include location and characteristics of educational facilities, current and historical school enrollment, and student-teacher ratios for primarily affected school

PR0828171057DEN 3-71 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS districts in the AOI. As discussed in Section 3.3.1, it is anticipated that most the non-local workers will relocate to the Rock Springs – Green River area of Sweetwater County rather than the communities in Uinta and Lincoln counties.

3.4.4.1 Location and Characteristics of Educational Facilities Portions of nine school districts serve the three-county Study Area. There are six districts located in the AOI, although only five of these will be primarily affected, as illustrated in Figure 3-13. Sweetwater County has two districts. Sweetwater County School District No. 1 (SCSD1) serves the northern and eastern portions of the county, including the City of Rock Springs, while Sweetwater County School District No. 2 (SCDS2) covers the remaining southeastern portion, including the Town of Granger and City of Green River. Lincoln County School District No. 1 (LCSD1) serves the southwest area of the county, including the City of Kemmerer. A sliver of Lincoln County School District No. 2 (LCSD2) is within the AOI boundary, but most of the district serves western and northern portions of the county outside the AOI. Uinta County School Districts No. 4 and No. 6 (UCSD4 and UCSD6) together serve the eastern half of the County. Table 3-48 shows the type and number of schools by district and selected district-wide characteristics for each primarily affected district in the AOI. SCSD1 is the larger of the two districts in Sweetwater County in geographic size and enrollment, with a total of 5,687 students enrolled in 2016 at 18 schools located in Rock Springs, Farson-Eden, Wamsutter, and other communities. Of the 18 schools, there are 12 elementary schools, three junior high schools, and three high schools. SCSD2 serves the southwestern third of the county and has a total of 11 schools with a 2011 enrollment of 2,694 students. SCSD2 includes eight elementary schools, one junior high, and two high schools. Both SCSD1 and SCSD2 have more students than the average Wyoming school district. The other three school districts in the AOI are considerably smaller, with less than half the Wyoming school district average. These three school districts range from two to four schools per district (WDE, 2017a). The overall revenue for each of the school districts varied widely; however, the revenues per student for 2015-2016 were comparable as shown in Table 3-48. SCSD2, UCSD4, and UCSD6 received between approximately $15,000 and $16,500 per student. This is similar to the Wyoming state district average of $15,800 in revenue per student. SCSD1, with the highest number of enrolled students, received less than the average with $13,900 per student. LCSD1, with the least number of enrolled students, received more than the average with $17,500 per student. The distribution of revenue sources also varied between districts. The majority of revenue for SCSD1 (62 percent), SCSD2 (66 percent), and LCSD1 (89 percent) came from local sources. State funds provided the majority of the revenue for UCSD4 (76 percent) and UCSD6 (65 percent) as well as the average Wyoming school district (51 percent). Federal funds provided a minimal amount of revenue percentage for all the school districts in the AOI (WDE, 2017b). Wyoming School Foundation Program. The Wyoming School Foundation Program (the Foundation) guarantees a level of funding to every public school district. The purpose is to achieve equalization in education across the state, regardless of the funding received from local revenues – generally, property taxes. Each district is “guaranteed” a certain amount of funding. This guaranteed amount for each district is determined by several factors, including but not limited to, the number of students, special education, pupil transportation costs, and the cost of living in the district. After the “guarantee” for the district is determined, the guaranteed amount is compared to the amount collected by the district from local revenue sources. If the amount collected locally by the district is greater than the “guarantee,” the Foundation recaptures the excess from the district and the district is considered a Recapture District. The recaptured monies flow to the Foundation and then are re-distributed to districts needing funds to meet the “guaranteed” amount. These payments are called entitlement payments and the districts receiving entitlement payments from recaptured funds are considered Entitlement Districts (WDE, 2016).

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Figure 3-13. Public School Districts in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017

Source: Wyoming Department of Revenue, Property Tax Division. 2016. 2016 Wyoming State Map School Districts. http://cama.state.wy.us/districts/mapdocs/PDF/STASCD16.PDF. Accessed August 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-73 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Of the primarily affected school districts located in the AOI, LCSD1 is the only district considered a Recapture District. In the 2015-2016 fiscal year, LCSD1’s “local resources” exceeded the “guarantee” by $4.4 million. Therefore, $4.4 million was recaptured by the Foundation and redistributed to Entitlement Districts. Approximately 21 percent of school districts (10 school districts) in Wyoming were considered Recapture Districts in the 2015-2016 school year. The remaining four school districts were considered Entitlement Districts in 2015-2016 and received entitlement payments from the state to meet the “guaranteed” amount. SCSD1 was entitled $15.7 million, SCSD2 was entitled $6.7 million, UCSD4 was entitled $9.2 million, and UCSD6 was entitled $7.4 million. During the 2015-2016 school year, Entitlement Districts received an average of $19.5 million. Student-Teacher Ratios. A commonly used measure of overall school quality is the student-teacher ratio (i.e., the ratio of total student enrollment in a school, school district, or other unit to the number of FTE certified teachers). This ratio provides a means of comparing different educational units, such as school districts, to a state or national parameter and is an indicator of school quality. As shown in Table 3-48, UCSD6 has the same student-teacher ratio as the state school district average. All the other school districts in the AOI have a student-teacher ratio that is slightly worse than the state average (WDE, 2017a). In 2011, Wyoming passed House Enrolled Act 98, codified at W.S. § 21-13-307(a)(iv), which requires Wyoming school districts to average 16 students for every teacher for the aggregate of all classes in kindergarten through grade three to be considered for funding from the State of Wyoming. The act required school districts to apply for a waiver to receive funding if the 16:1 ratio was not met. In 2017, the waiver process was repealed by House Enrolled Act 125. Districts are encouraged by the Wyoming Department of Education to achieve a 16:1 student-teacher ratio, but a waiver is no longer required (WDE, 2017c). All the districts within the AOI have student-teacher ratios better than the 16:1 standard.

3.4.4.2 Student Enrollment Between 2007 and 2016, enrollment varied between the primarily affected school districts within the AOI as seen in Table 3-49. LCSD1 enrollment decreased by 52 students over the past decade, whereas the other four school districts saw an enrollment increase ranging from 77 to 945 students. The Wyoming school district average has increased by 160 students during this time. SCSD1, UCSD4, and UCSD6, are growing at a faster rate than the Wyoming average, while SCSD2 and LCSD1 annual percent change has stayed about the same or decreased.

3-74 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-48. Selected Characteristics of School Districts in the Area of Site Influence Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Wyoming School SCSD1 SCSD2 LCSD1 UCSD4 UCSD6 District Average

Coincides with Area of Influence Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - Elementary Schools (including K-8 and K-12) 12 8 2 1 1 5 Secondary Schools 6 3 2 1 2 3 Fall 2016 Enrollment Kindergarten 461 206 69 69 53 158 Grade 1 473 175 33 68 63 152 Grade 2 479 226 52 66 60 154 Grade 3 472 227 45 73 59 158 Grade 4 472 214 50 56 54 159 Grade 5 494 190 48 77 57 155 Grade 6 451 216 49 63 66 153 Grade 7 402 180 46 82 56 147 Grade 8 441 218 43 63 62 148 Grade 9 411 214 49 50 53 150 Grade 10 400 216 34 68 54 144 Grade 11 367 208 43 58 44 135 Grade 12 364 204 42 58 44 130 Total 5,687 2,694 603 851 725 1,943 Revenue Source (2015 – 2016) Local 62.0% 66.1% 89.0% 17.9% 29.6% 34.9% County 17.2% 16.2% 10.2% 6.1% 5.6% 12.3% State 20.7% 17.5% 0.9% 75.7% 64.7% 51.1% Federal 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 1.7% Total $79,915,571 $40,690,081 $10,628,064 $12,360,143 $11,620,625 $30,962,106 Revenue per Student $13,901 $15,015 $17,509 $14,928 $16,672 $15,810

PR0828171057DEN 3-75 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Foundation Program $15,712,714 $6,695,147 $(4,409,756) $9,158,355 $7,403,771 $11,309,768 Staff (Full-Time Equivalent [FTE]) (2016 – 2017) Administrators 31 24 7 9 10 16 Teachers 432 207 45 69 59 156 Instructional Support Staff for Students 60 25 6 7 6 24

Instructional Support Staff for Teachers 27 12 2 2 2 10

Instruction and Instructional Support Staff 133 85 24 27 35 66 Other General Support Staff 235 134 31 32 35 80 Total 917 486 116 145 146 352 Student-to-Teacher Ratio 13 - 1 13 - 1 14 - 1 13 - 1 12 - 1 12 - 1

Notes: Wyoming School District Average values uses Wyoming State totals divided by 48 school districts in Wyoming. Totals may vary slightly from the sum of their parts due to rounding. Source: Wyoming Department of Education. 2017a. Wyoming Statistical Report Series Stat 2 – School District Enrollment and Staffing Data. https://edu.wyoming.gov/data/statisticalreportseries-2/. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Education. 2017b. Wyoming Statistical Report Series Stat 3 – School District Financial Profiles. 2015-16 Wyoming School Districts’ Financial Reporting and Profile. https://portals.edu.wyoming.gov/Reports/Public/wde-reports-2012/finance/stat-3. Accessed August 2017.

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Table 3-49. School District Enrollment (2007 to 2016) in the Area of Influence Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Wyoming School SCSD1 SCSD2 LCSD1 UCSD4 UCSD6 District Average

10/1/2007 4,742 2,599 656 723 648 1,783

10/1/2008 4,957 2,671 629 730 672 1,802

10/1/2009 5,033 2,601 602 742 690 1,821

10/1/2010 5,159 2,635 583 742 737 1,837

10/3/2011 5,296 2,641 612 788 750 1,864

10/1/2012 5,514 2,653 603 771 731 1,896

10/1/2013 5,607 2,729 624 775 742 1,921

10/1/2014 5,719 2,726 634 791 721 1,944

10/1/2015 5,749 2,710 607 828 697 1,958

10/3/2016 5,687 2,694 603 851 725 1,943

Numeric Change 2007-2016 945 95 -53 128 77 160

Percent Change 2007-2016 16.62% 3.53% -8.79% 15.04% 10.62% 8.24%

Percent Change Annual 1.99% 0.38% -1.00% 1.77% 1.19% 0.95% Average 2007-2016

Notes: Wyoming School District Average values uses Wyoming State totals divided by 48 school districts in Wyoming. Source: Wyoming Department of Education. 2017a. Wyoming Statistical Report Series Stat 2 – School District Enrollment and Staffing Data. https://edu.wyoming.gov/data/statisticalreportseries-2/. Accessed August 2017.

3.4.4.3 Capital Improvement and Expansion Plans The State of Wyoming has the responsibility of maintaining and constructing school facilities, as opposed to individual school districts (WSFD, 2013a). The Wyoming School Facilities Division oversees the development of facility and capital improvement plans, and tracks schools’ percent capacity to prioritize funding requests (WSFD, 2013b). In SCSD1, high schools in Rock Springs are operating beyond capacity and K-8 facilities are operating at approximately 90 percent capacity (WSFD, 2017). SCSD1 has multiple ongoing capital projects to upgrade existing facilities and to expand capacity. The district has recently completed or planned for the following capital improvements: • A new Eastside Elementary School, completed September 2016 • A new Independence Alternative High School, completed December 2016 • Relocation of Stagecoach Elementary School to larger facility, funded through December 2017 • A new Satellite High School, funded through December 2017 • A new K-12 Farson-Eden School, funded through September 2018 (WSFD, 2017) None of the remaining four districts (SCSD2, LCSD1, UCSD4, and UCSD6) is operating at a high capacity, but there are projects planned to prepare for anticipated growth. SCSD2 recently finished a new Granger Elementary School and has multiple renovations planned for existing elementary, intermediate,

PR0828171057DEN 3-77 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS and middle schools, funded through December 2018. LCSD1 does not have any projects requesting funding with the Wyoming School Facilities Division. As shown in Table 3-49, LCSD1 has had a decrease in enrollment in the past decade. UCSD4 recently completed a new Mountain View K-8 school in 2016. UCSD6 recently finished an addition to Urie Elementary School to alleviate capacity strains on the K-4 configuration (WSFD, 2017).

3.4.4.4 Construction Impacts The number of non-local workers likely to enter the Study Area during the peak onsite employment month would total 233. Based on the historical data, it is expected that less than 2 percent of these non- local workers (five persons) would be accompanied by family members. Thus, negligible to no impacts to public education in Sweetwater, Lincoln, and Uinta counties are anticipated.

3.4.4.5 Operations Impacts The 26-member permanent workforce associated with the operation of the proposed facility is not expected to impact public education.

3.4.5 Public Safety This section addresses potential impacts to public safety, including the availability of fire protection, emergency medical service (EMS), law enforcement services, and crime levels in Sweetwater County, because it is anticipated that most the non-local workers will relocate to the Rock Springs – Green River area.

3.4.5.1 Fire Protection and Rescue Services Existing Facility Services. Each building (existing or Project-related) is equipped with fire suppression systems (e.g., sprinklers, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, and hoses) built to code and standards. In addition, industrial fire suppression systems are active on select equipment. Should a fire occur, the first response to a fire emergency will be the onsite fire crews at the Granger facility. Each operating shift is staffed with fire brigade members that have access to firefighting equipment, including: • 1,000-gallon pumper • 500-gallon mini-pumper • Emergency response vehicle Placards containing the appropriate National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) ratings have been attached to bulk storage containers for petroleum products and hazardous materials. There are three categories of hazards: health, flammability, and reactivity. Within each category, there are numerical ratings from 0-4, with 0 indicating no hazard and 4 indicating severe hazard. Onsite medical response capabilities include one ambulance at the Granger facility and a clinic at the Westvaco facility. There is also a team specifically trained to respond to hazardous material situations. Additionally, the Westvaco facility is equipped with a contract medical service, which includes a physician’s assistance, ambulance service, and other emergency medical technician (EMT)-trained personnel. In the event of an emergency, personnel can be transported from the Project to Westvaco’s medical clinic or directly to Sweetwater County Hospital. GOP also has an existing agreement for life flight services in the event that rapid advanced medical services are required. Life flight (helicopter) landing areas are designated at the Project site. If necessary, fire and ambulance crews from Sweetwater County departing from Green River or Rock Springs will be activated. GOP participates in the Southwest Wyoming Mutual Aid group, which includes local emergency responders that can respond quickly to various types of incidents. GOP has specific emergency response

3-78 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS capabilities, such as fire trucks, ambulance, and other rescue equipment, that can be used at the Project. Each of the local trona mines participates in the mutual aid association. Emergency (911) calls will be handled in accordance with GOP’s Emergency Response Plan and, if required, will include provisions to contact the county and other agencies if additional medical, fire, or hazardous material response is required. Existing Public Services. Should additional fire and rescue services be needed, there are ten public fire departments or districts within Sweetwater County, with 13 fire stations, 50 full-time employees, five part-time employees, and 89 volunteers, as presented in Table 3-50 (WY Department of Fire Prevention and Electrical Safety, 2016). There are also six other private fire departments or emergency response teams in Sweetwater County that are not included in this study. The Town of Granger Volunteer Fire Department is the closest fire station to the Granger facility, located 10.5 miles (24-minute drive) southwest of the Project at 12 W. 2nd Street. It is staffed by 10 unpaid volunteers and provides no emergency medical services. The Rock Springs Fire Department (RSFD), located 42 miles (55-minute drive) to the east, is the closest all-hazard fire department with three stations, 33 full-time paid firefighters, and 33 EMS staff. In addition to the fire departments closest to the Project site, Sweetwater County Fire District #1 (SCFD1) was formed in 1995 as an all-hazards agency and a mutual aid agency for the Rock Springs, Green River, and Superior Fire Departments as well as the Eden-Farson Fire District (SCFD1, 2017). Thus, while the Project is not within SCFD1’s service area, it would likely participate in any major fire event associated with the Project. SCFD1 is staffed by four full-time and 34 volunteer firefighters, as shown in Table 3-50. The LOS provided per 10,000 population (based on the Wyoming Department of Fire Prevention and Electrical Safety service populations) varied between the individual fire departments, from 13.8 LOS for RSFD to 943 LOS for Bairoil Fire Department (Table 3-50). The fire departments with the smallest population tend to have the highest LOS. The overall fire service LOS for the Sweetwater County is 33.1 firefighters per 10,000 population. Only two fire departments in Sweetwater County provide EMS. The EMS LOS for the county is 9.6 EMS staff per 10,000 population. In addition to the EMS of the fire departments, the area is served by ambulance services coordinated under the Sweetwater County Ambulance Service Board (Sweetwater County, 2017a). Sweetwater Medics provides the only paramedic level ambulance service in Sweetwater County available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (Sweetwater Medics, 2016). The Castle Rock Hospital District Ambulance Services also services the area (CRHD, 2017).

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Table 3-50. Public Fire Departments in Sweetwater County Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 No. of Firefighters No. of EMS staff

Number Full- Part- LOS per LOS per Service of Time, Time, Volunteer, Volunteer, 10,000 Basic Advanced 10,000 Population* Stations Paid Paid paid not paid pop. Paramedics EMTs EMTs pop.

Bairoil Fire Department 106 1 0 0 0 10 943.4 0 0 0 0.0

Eden – Farson Fire Control District 600 1 ND ND ND ND - ND ND ND -

Town of Granger Volunteer Fire Department 150 1 ND ND ND ND - ND ND ND -

City of Green River Fire Department 12,515 2 3 0 34 0 29.6 0 0 0 0.0

Rock Springs/Sweetwater County Airport Fire 300 1 7 0 0 0 - 0 2 0 - Department

Rock Springs Fire Department 24,000 3 33 0 0 0 13.8 5 5 23 13.8

Superior Fire and EMS Department ND ND ND ND ND ND - ND ND ND -

Sweetwater County Fire Department 5,000 1 3 5 0 5 26.0 0 0 0 0.0

Sweetwater County Fire District #1 8,000 2 4 0 34 0 47.5 0 7 1 10.0

Wamsutter Fire Department 450 1 0 0 0 10 222.2 0 0 0 0.0

Sweetwater County Total 44,772 13 50 5 64 25 32.2 5 14 24 9.6

Notes: EMT = Emergency Medical Technician LOS = level of service ND = no data * Due to overlap of fire department service areas, the sum of service populations for fire departments is greater than the total of county population. Therefore, the county total service population is based on 2015 population estimate. Sources: Wyoming Department of Fire Prevention and Electrical Safety. 2016. Wyoming State Fire Service Directory. http://wsfm.wyo.gov/training/fire-service-directory. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. American Community Survey Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. Bairoil Fire Department, Frank Chavez, Fire Chief. Personal Communication. July 2017. Sweetwater County Fire District #1. 2017. About Us. http://www.fd1fire.com/about.html. Accessed July 2017.

3-80 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Table 3-51 summarizes the fire response and rescue incidents for the departments within Sweetwater County for 2014. A 2015 report was not prepared due to a data loss. Overall, the county recorded a total of 2,657 incidents in 2014, of which 4 percent were fire-related and 60 percent were EMS rescue-related calls (WSFM, 2014). RSFD recorded the largest number of total incidents in the county in 2014 with 2,045, followed by SCFD1 with 282 and the Green River Fire Department (GRFD) with 279. Sweetwater County accounts for 7 percent of Wyoming’s total recorded incidents in 2014, which is proportionate with Sweetwater County’s population, which is also 7 percent of Wyoming’s population.

Table 3-51. Fire Department/ District Fire Incidents in Sweetwater County (2014) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Fires EMS Rescues

% of Total EMS Rescue % of Total Total Department Fire Calls Incidents Calls Incidents Incidents

Bairoil Fire Department No Records for 2014

Eden – Farson Fire Control District No Records for 2014

Town of Granger Volunteer Fire No Records for 2014 Department

City of Green River Fire Department 24 9% 92 33% 279

Rock Springs/Sweetwater County No Records for 2014 Airport Fire Department

Rock Springs Fire Department 44 2% 1,323 65% 2,045

Superior Fire and EMS Department No Records for 2014

Sweetwater County Fire Department No Records for 2014

Sweetwater County Fire District #1 33 12% 156 55% 282

Wamsutter Fire Department 12 24% 32 63% 51

Sweetwater County Total 113 4% 1,603 60% 2,657

Wyoming Total 2,418 7% 23,623 64% 36,888

Sweetwater as % of Wyoming 5% - 7% - 7%

Notes: Sum of fire and EMS rescue incidents does not equal total incidents because total includes other types of incidents as described below. Fire incidents include structural, outside (yard storage, crops, etc.), vehicle, trees, brush, and other fires. EMS rescue incidents include emergency medical, lock-in, search, extrication from vehicles/elevators, etc. Total incidents include fire and EMS rescue incidents as well as over pressure ruptures (no fire), hazardous conditions, service calls, good intent calls, false alarms, server weather and natural disasters, and special incident types. The 2014 Wyoming Fire Report is the latest report available. The data for the 2015 report was lost and the 2016 report will be available in August 2017. Sources: Wyoming Department of Fire Prevention and Electrical Safety, Wyoming Fire Incident Reporting System, WFIRS. 2014. 2014 Wyoming Fire Report. http://wsfm.wyo.gov/training/wfirs. Accessed July 2017.

The Rawlins Interagency Dispatch Center (RWC), a division of the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM’s) High Desert District, dispatches wildfire services to six counties (including Sweetwater, Uinta, and Lincoln) in southern Wyoming on behalf of the counties, four BLM Field Offices, the State of Wyoming,

PR0828171057DEN 3-81 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Wyoming State Forestry, the National Park Service and USFWS (Rawlins Interagency Dispatch Center, 2017). Each year, a Wildland Fire Management Annual Operating Plan is developed among BLM High Desert District, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), National Park Service, Wyoming State Forestry Division, and Lincoln, Sublette, Sweetwater, Teton, and Uinta counties and their municipalities and fire districts (RWC, 2017). For other types of incidents, local municipalities act as the first provider of emergency response services, but county coordinators also communicate with the Wyoming Office of Homeland Security (WOHS) as needed (WOHS, 2017a). The Wyoming Emergency Response Act, codified at W.S. 35-9-151, established eight Regional Emergency Response Teams (RERTs) under the authority of the director of the WOHS. Members of these teams are specially trained and available to respond to incidents involving hazardous materials and weapons of mass destruction. Each county in Wyoming has a coordinator responsible for mitigation and preparedness activities to protect against and prepare for disasters. This involves planning, training, exercising, procuring/maintaining equipment, and designating facilities for shelter and other purposes. RSFD is the host agency for Wyoming RERT #4, which is responsible for responding to incidents in Sweetwater, Uinta, and Lincoln counties (WOHS, 2017b).

3.4.5.2 Law Enforcement Services Law enforcement in Sweetwater County is provided by four entities: one Highway Patrol division, the county sheriff’s office, and two city police departments (Table 3-52). The Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office (SCSO) is the primary law enforcement service with offices in Green River and Rock Springs, as well as a County Detention Center located on 50140 Highway 191 South in Rock Springs (SCSO, 2017). The police departments of Green River and Rock Springs provide law enforcement within their jurisdictions while District #3 of the Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP) patrols the highways in the area. District #3 is based in Rock Springs. The law enforcement offices in Green River are approximately 30 miles (35-minute drive) east from the Project site. The law enforcement offices in Rock Springs are approximately 45 miles (50-minute drive) east from the Project site. The WHP Port of Entry program, with nearby locations in Cheyenne, Kemmerer, and Evanston, ensures highway safety by monitoring commercial vehicle and driver compliance with state and federal laws, by issuing permits for allowable variances in statutes, and by writing warnings and citations when necessary (WHP, 2013a).

Table 3-52. Law Enforcement Serving Sweetwater County Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Name Address Phone

Wyoming Highway Patrol District #3, P.O. Box 1260 (307) 352-3108 Division E 3200 Elk Street Rock Springs, Wyoming 82902

Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office 80 W Flaming Gorge Way (307) 872-3875 Green River, Wyoming 82935

Green River Police Department 375 West Flaming Gorge Way (307) 872-0555 Green River, Wyoming 82935

Rock Springs Police Department 221 C Street (307) 352-1575 Rock Springs, Wyoming 82901

Sources: USA Cops. 2017. Wyoming. http://www.usacops.com/wy/. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Highway Patrol. 2013b. District and Division Locations. http://www.whp.dot.state.wy.us/home/contact_info/division_office_locations.html. Accessed July 2017.

3-82 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Local law enforcement agencies in Sweetwater County had a total of 146 officers, of which 51 percent (74 officers) are employed by the Sheriff’s Office and 31 percent (45 officers) are members of the Rock Springs Police Department (Table 3-53). The level of law enforcement service (number of officers per 10,000 residents) in Sweetwater County is 32.85, which is lower than the Wyoming average of 46.08. The Wyoming officer total, however, includes peace officers, detention officers, and dispatchers due to database restrictions. The Sweetwater County LOS would likely be much closer to the state average LOS if non-officer personnel were excluded from the total.

Table 3-53. Law Enforcement Personnel in Sweetwater County Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2016 Index Service LOS per 10,000 Crimes Index Crimes Department Officers Population a Population Total per Officer

Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office 74 7,811 94.74 149 2.01

Green River Police Department 27 12,477 21.64 151 5.59

Rock Springs Police Department 45 24,161 18.63 570 12.67

Sweetwater County Total 146 44,449 32.85 870 5.96

Wyoming 2,698 585,501 46.08 11,193 4.15

Sweetwater as % of Wyoming 5% 8% - 8% - a 2016 population estimate provided in the 2016 annual crime report. Notes: Source: City of Rock Springs, Police Department. 2017. Police Department. http://www.rswy.net/department/?fDD=18-0. Accessed July 2017. Green River Police Department. Personal Communication. August 2017. Rhodes, Naomi. Wyoming Office of Attorney General, Wyoming Peace Officers Standards and Training Commission. Personal Communication. July 2017. Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office. Stickney, Patricia. Personal Communication. August 2017. Wyoming State Attorney General’s Office, Division of Criminal Investigation. 2016. 2016 Annual Report – Crime in Wyoming. http://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/dci-criminal-justice-information-systems-section/uniform-crime-reporting. Accessed July 2017.

3.4.5.3 Crime Reported crimes (i.e., crimes known to law enforcement) are categorized into the more serious Part 1 crimes and less serious Part 2 crimes. Part 1 crimes (also referred to as index crimes) are further subdivided into violent crimes against persons (murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and crimes against property (burglary, larceny, and motor vehicle theft [MVT]) (US DOJ, 2013). The number of reported crimes is directly related to the number of residents and, thus, most crimes occur in the largest community—the City of Rock Springs (Table 3-54). However, for comparative purposes, the most relevant statistic is the crime rate per 10,000 inhabitants because this statistic adjusts for the size of the population. In 2016, this crime rate index ranged from a low of 190.8 per 10,000 inhabitants served by the Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office to a high of 235.9 for those residents served by the Rock Springs Police Department. A rate of 195.7 was observed overall for Sweetwater County, which is lower than the state average of 207.2 in 2016. The majority of the crimes in Sweetwater County in 2016 were classified as crimes against property (84 percent), while the remainder (16 percent) were crimes involving the element of personal confrontation between the perpetrator and the victim, and entail the use or threat of force or violence (WY Attorney General’s Office, 2016).

PR0828171057DEN 3-83 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-54. Number of Reported Index Crime Events (2016) Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 2016 Crime Rate per Agg. 2016 2015 Percent Population 10,000 Murder Rape Robbery Assault Burglary Larceny MVT Total Total Change Estimatea Inhabitants

Sweetwater County 0 7 0 18 33 69 22 149 137 8.8% 7,811 190.8 Sherriff’s Office

Green River Police 0 1 0 31 24 90 5 151 184 -17.9% 12,477 121.0 Department

Rock Springs Police 2 35 2 40 58 406 27 570 584 -2.4% 24,161 235.9 Department

Sweetwater County Total 2 43 2 89 115 565 54 870 905 -3.9% 44,449 195.7

Wyoming Total 19 181 57 952 1,679 8,518 727 12,133 11,749 3.3% 585,501 207.2

Sweetwater as % of 11% 24% 4% 9% 7% 7% 7% 7% 8% - 8% - Wyoming

a2016 population estimate provided in the 2016 annual crime report. Notes: Aggravated Assault = aggravated assault MTV = motor vehicle theft Source: Wyoming State Attorney General’s Office, Division of Criminal Investigation. 2016. 2016 Annual Report – Crime in Wyoming. http://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/dci-criminal-justice- information-systems-section/uniform-crime-reporting. Accessed July 2017.

3-84 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Part 2 crimes are considered less serious in nature than Part 1 crimes, but they are significantly more numerous and often of an anti-social nature, with the majority related to alcohol and drug abuse. Part 2 crimes are classified into the following groups: manslaughter by negligence; arson; other assault; forgery and counterfeiting; fraud; embezzlement; buying, receiving, or possessing stolen property; vandalism; carrying or possessing weapons; prostitution and commercial vice; sex offenses (except rape and prostitution); drug abuse – sale and manufacture; drug abuse – possession; gambling; offenses against family and children; driving under the influence; liquor laws; drunkenness; disorderly conduct; vagrancy; and all other (except traffic). Information regarding Part 2 crimes is available only in the form of arrest data for the State of Wyoming. As shown in the 2016 Annual Report, drug- and alcohol-related arrests and other assaults top the list of offenses that result in arrests (WY Attorney General’s Office, 2016).

3.4.5.4 Construction Impacts Fire Protection. The temporary influx of a peak number of 233 non-local construction staff would have negligible effect on the quality of service provided by fire protection agencies. Due to its location, the Project can be served by either RSFD or SCFD1. Fire emergencies would generally be initiated through 911 calls, alerting the appropriate fire/ambulance crews for dispatch. It is anticipated that RSFD would be the first responder in the event of a fire. GOP will proactively coordinate with the appropriate fire departments to minimize fire safety hazards, coordinate response efforts, and effectively train all personnel in fire safety issues. GOP’s general contractor will also maintain a safety officer onsite for the duration of construction activities that will coordinate emergency management and response, provide onsite training and certification to new site personnel, and enable additional training opportunities, such as CPR and first aid, to enable qualified administration of basic first-responder care should an emergency arise. Law Enforcement. Law enforcement services would be provided to the Project site by the Sweetwater County Sheriff. As shown in Table 3-53, the current level of service ranges from about 18.6 (Rock Springs) to 94.7 officers (Sweetwater County) per 10,000 in population. Thus, the temporary increase in persons attributable to construction of the Project would equate to a negligible increase in demand addressed by less than one additional law enforcement officer. However, this increase in demand would last for a short period and would not justify the hiring of additional personnel. With an index crime rate of about 195.7 per 10,000 residents in Sweetwater County, the additional construction workers would account for an increase of one additional crime annually, assuming the average of the crime rate index would hold for the population of construction workers. This increase is not expected to have a significant impact on the existing law enforcement services. Additionally, unlike the general population, the construction population has additional incentives to reduce criminal incidences. It is stressed that GOP and its contractors will take a hard line on criminal activity. Any personnel found to have committed a Part 1 or Part 2 crime while employed for the Granger Project will be disciplined to the fullest extent, including termination of employment. Additionally, to the extent possible, GOP will facilitate prosecution for any such criminal activity.

3.4.5.5 Operations Impacts The local workforce of 26 associated with O&M of the proposed facility would represent a negligible increase in the demand for fire protection and law enforcement personnel.

3.4.6 Health Care This section describes the existing health and hospital care facilities closest to the site in Sweetwater and Lincoln counties, including the number and type of facilities and staffing levels. The related

PR0828171057DEN 3-85 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS availability of EMS is described earlier under the Public Safety section. Health care insurance under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is administered via the federally run exchange with one insurer, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Wyoming. During the 2017 open enrollment period, 24,826 people enrolled in coverage, a 4 percent increase over 2016: the average pre-subsidy premium for 2017 was $614/month, higher than the $476/month average across all the states that use the federally run exchange (Health Insurance Resource Center, 2017). Approximately 89 percent of the Wyoming exchange enrollees receive income- based subsidies, which can offset the bulk of the rate increases.

3.4.6.1 Location and Characteristics of Health Care Facilities There are 32 hospitals in Wyoming of which none is ranked nationally in a specialty (U.S. News & World Report, 2017). The Study Area is primarily served by the Memorial Hospital of Sweetwater County (MHSC), a general medical and surgical hospital located at 1200 College Drive in Rock Springs. MHSC is 44 miles, or an approximately 61-minute drive, east of the Project, as shown in Figure 3-14. Recent additions to the MHSC 99-bed campus include a Medical Office, Physicians Clinic and Sweetwater Regional Cancer Center, and a Family Medicine and Occupational Medicine office (MHSC, 2017). The South Lincoln Medical Center (SLMC), with 38 beds, can also be accessed in Kemmerer approximately 49 miles to the northwest and a 66-minute drive from the Project. Evanston Regional Hospital (ERH), a 42-bed facility, is located 98 miles and a 113-minute drive west of the Project in Evanston, Table 3-55. ERH also provides three Primary Care and Surgical Specialty Clinics in Evanston, Mountain View, and Lyman (ERH, 2017).

Table 3-55. Hospitals in the Study Area: Selected Statistics Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Memorial Hospital of South Lincoln Medical Evanston Regional Sweetwater County Center Hospital Address 1200 College Drive 711 Onyx Street 190 Arrowhead Drive Rock Springs, WY 82901 Kemmerer, WY 83101 Evanston, WY 82930 Phone (307) 362–3711 (307) 877–4401 (307) 789–3636 Beds 99 38 42 Admissions 2,254 133 722 Inpatient Surgeries 429 62 201 Outpatient Surgeries 1,769 342 897 Emergency Room Visits 16,988 4,001 7,357 Staffing Doctors 43 6 6 Nurses 86 27 32 Source: MHSC, 2017. U.S. News & World Report, 2017.

Another measure of health care service levels relates to the availability of primary care physicians (PCPs). The Wyoming Department of Health (WDH) recently evaluated the status of the primary care provider workforce (2009). Primary care providers are physicians in family practice, general practice, internal medicine, pediatrics, or OBGYN, as well as non-physician providers such as physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurse midwives. WDH estimated the number of PCPs needed using Rural Health Works formulas and compared the needs to the number of physicians in place. With an estimated 10 PCPs in place and 17.23 needed, it found that Sweetwater County had a 7.23 deficit of PCPs in 2009 (WDH, 2009). A recent report prepared by the University of Washington (2014) found that the average number of primary care physicians per 100,000 patients in Wyoming was 59 compared to 66 for the nation. Sweetwater County had only 32 PCPs per 100,000 patients.

3-86 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Figure 3-14. Location of Hospitals in the Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: CH2M, 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-87 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS The Castle Rock Special Hospital District is a state-authorized body, similar to a school district, with the mission of providing medical services for the citizens of Green River and Rock Springs. Located in Green River, it includes a medical center with one family practice physician, one pediatrician, and four physician assistants as well as a 59-bed convalescence center and 24-bed independent senior living facility (CRSHD, 2017). In addition to these health care resources, Sweetwater County also provides a variety of human service facilities and programs to meet the current demands and needs of the population. These include two public health nursing offices providing services in Rock Springs and Green River. The Community Nursing program administers a Best Beginnings Program for pregnant women and their families, as well as basic preventative health care services such as immunizations and testing (WDH, 2017). The Study Area is also served by Southern Wyoming Recovery Access Programs (SW WRAP), which administers the First Call for Help (FC4H) information and referral service that directs individuals to the appropriate community programs for basic needs, emergency assistance, and crisis intervention (SW SWAP, 2012). Southwest Counseling Services provide community mental health and substance abuse services with locations in Rock Springs and Green River (SWC, 2017). The public health response coordinators (PHRC) program consists of a coordinator for each participating county’s public health office. The primary goal of the PHRC is to achieve local preparedness for responding to public health incidents through education, planning, training, and surveillance. Sweetwater County is in Region 4 with Uinta and Lincoln counties. PHRCs develop and maintain county public health emergency response plans. They work with county health officers and local emergency planning committees to coordinate county health and medical plans with WDH and other agencies, including hospitals, EMS, and county emergency management agencies. EMS in the Study Area is provided utilizing firefighters in the delivery of EMS and fire services. Table 3-50 under Public Safety summarizes EMS, Basic EMT, and Advanced EMT staffing in Sweetwater County.

3.4.6.2 Construction Impacts The estimated peak month non-local construction workforce of 233 persons could generate a demand for less than a single physician, or 0.1 percent of the current supply. While there is a shortage of primary care physicians in Sweetwater County, the short-term nature of the Project would not materially affect this issue because many of the non-local workers would continue to access their own PCPs for preventative care. At its peak, the construction workforce could generate an additional 104 emergency room visits, less than a 0.6 percent increase annually. Due to the small amount of demand likely to be generated by the Project, the impact from the temporary workforce would be negligible. Medical emergencies would be initiated through 911 calls alerting the EMS system. Calls to 911 from the Project area would be received by RSFD or SCFD1, and the appropriate fire/ambulance crews would be paged for dispatch. The vast majority of non-local workers are not expected to be accompanied by family members, and it is assumed that all workers would secure temporary accommodations for the duration of their involvement in the Project. It is unlikely that the presence of the non-local workers in the area, for the relatively short period of construction, would adversely impact the demand for health care or human services in the Study Area or over-extend existing facilities and personnel.

3.4.6.3 Operations Impacts The jobs created through O&M of the proposed facility would be staffed by 26 workers. Based on current LOS statistics, these workers, and any associated family members and dependents, would not generate a noticeable increase in demand for health care personnel, services, or facilities and, thus, Project-related impacts would be negligible. The addition to the local economy of permanent direct and

3-88 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS secondary jobs will add to the stability of the local workforce and communities, and is unlikely to increase the demand for human services. Increased long-term employment will benefit the social and economic condition of present and expected inhabitants in the area of site influence. No substantial impairments to the health, safety, and welfare of the present or expected inhabitants in the area of site influence are anticipated.

3.4.7 Municipal Services This section describes the location and characteristics of the following five primary municipal services provided to residents of Sweetwater County: • Wastewater treatment facilities • Water distribution and treatment facilities • Nonhazardous waste collection and disposal • Electricity service • Natural gas service These services are generally administered by the local governments of Sweetwater County, the Town of Granger, the City of Green River, or the City of Rock Springs. Sweetwater is governed by a five-member Board of County Commissioners (BOC) led by a Chairman (Sweetwater County, 2017). The Town of Granger is governed by a Town Council, which includes a mayor and four council members (Granger, 2017). The cities of Green River and Rock Springs are both led by a mayor and City Council (Green River, 2017; and Rock Springs, 2017).

3.4.7.1 Wastewater Treatment The Granger facility is currently a zero-discharge facility. The Town of Granger is the closest entity to the Project providing sewer service via a municipal lift station and waste lagoon (PPC, 2009). It does not serve the Granger plant. It serves most of the commercial and residential properties in Granger; however, those properties north of the Union Pacific main line dispose of their wastewater via septic system. Wastewater is collected from homes, businesses, and public facilities and flows via gravity to a lift station situated on south side of Blacks Fork River near the intersection of Blacks Fork Drive and Evans Drive. A pressurized force main transports flows to a three-cell wastewater lagoon located along the eastern municipal boundary. The existing wastewater collection system was upgraded in 2008 with new, enlarged pipe. The municipal wastewater treatment system comprises some minimal pre‐treatment facilities and a three‐ cell, non‐aerated wastewater lagoon. The first cell is full and overflowing, but the second cell is only about a quarter full (WDEQ, 2012). Pre‐treatment facilities include a mechanical bar screen with a manual bypass bar screen and a grit chamber. The Wyoming Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (WYPDES) Permit for the Granger wastewater lagoon (WY 0022373), which expires on September 30, 2017, also indicates that there are no disinfection capabilities within the system (WDEQ, 2012). However, since construction of this facility, incoming flows have been considerably less than the capacity of the lagoon and no discharges of wastewater into Blacks Fork River have occurred (Williams, 2008; WDEQ, 2012). As required by the 1987 Clean Water Act (CWA) amendments, Wyoming prepares an Intended Use Plan (IUP) for each capitalization grant application. The IUP describes how the State will use the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) to meet CWA objectives and further the protection of public health and the environment. Although there are five improvement projects in Sweetwater County, no improvements are planned for the Granger system (WDEQ, 2017a). An expansion of the service area will eventually be needed to support development of additional residential and commercial properties.

PR0828171057DEN 3-89 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.4.7.2 Potable Water Treatment and Distribution The Applicant currently operates its own public water system, obtaining raw water via a 9.5-mile pipeline to the Green River. GOP uses approximately 250 acre-feet of water a month (Forsgren Associates, 2002; Purcell, N.D.), which is utilized in the soda ash production process as well as in its onsite steam generation facility. All the water at the facilities is discharged through cooling towers and evaporated from holding ponds (Purcell Consulting, 2012). The Town of Granger’s raw water supplies are pumped 22 miles via a steel water pipeline from a water intake facility on the Green River. This raw water is then treated via a Neptune micro‐floc packaged treatment plant, which provides flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection processes (Rothberg, Tamburini, & Winsor, Inc., 2008). The municipal water system operated and maintained by the Town of Granger presently serves the original town site area and Trails West Subdivision, which are situated south of the Union Pacific Railroad main line. Per the 2016 Public Water System Survey Report, the Town provided water service to 89 water taps (WWDC, 2016). Granger’s historical per capita consumption has ranged from 152 gallons per day (gpd) per person in the winter to 422 gpd in the summer. Because per capita consumption should typically be 100-120 gpd, potential leaks or excessive use by one or more customers were suspected. Subsequently, leaks were identified and much of the Town’s distribution system has been replaced, which should reduce the per capita consumption (PPC, 2009). The system has a total capacity of 700 gpd and a peak usage of 100,000 gpd. The excess water beyond capacity is sold in bulk to the Wyoming Highway Department (WWDC, 2016). Similar to the wastewater treatment priority list provided above, an IUP is also required by the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) for states applying for a capitalization grant. The priority list includes public water systems that have expressed interest in the drinking water State Revolving Fund, are planning capital improvement projects, have been identified as serious public health risks, have received notices of SDWA violations, or were issued administrative orders. Granger has two projects on the priority list for the 2018 fiscal year (WDEQ, 2017b). The Granger Emergency Repairs Project is in response to a line break in February 2016 that led to a loss of system pressure and an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emergency administrative order. The project includes repairs or replacements to the main line between tanks. The second project on the IUP list includes rehabilitation of several components including a deteriorating tank and raw water intake, pump station, and pipeline.

3.4.7.3 Nonhazardous Waste Collection and Disposal A variety of non-hazardous, inert construction wastes are typically generated during construction. The major solid waste types are wood, concrete, plastics, metal, glass, insulation, and paper products. Concrete accumulating in the concrete washout area or any other materials not suitable to be left in place, will be allowed to harden and placed in GOP’s onsite landfill. Additional wastes could include erosion control materials, such as straw bales and silt fencing, and electrical equipment. The waste is typically accumulated onsite in dumpsters and/or drop boxes until hauled away to the existing onsite landfill. Salvageable metals will be stored in appropriate bins and recycled.

3.4.7.4 Electricity Service There are two primary suppliers of electricity in Sweetwater County, as summarized in Table 3-56 and shown in Figure 3-15. Rocky Mountain Power (RMP) (shaded in light blue in Figure 3-15) serves most of the county while the Bridger Valley Electric Association (BVEA) serves the Sweetwater County communities of Granger, Farson, and Eden (WPSC, 2015a). The electrical needs of the Project are met by RMP.

3-90 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Table 3-56. Electric and Gas Utility Company Service Areas Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Company Areas Served Electricity Rocky Mountain Power (RMP) Majority of Sweetwater County. Bridger Valley Electric Association (BVEA) BVEA serves the Sweetwater County communities of Granger, Farson, and Eden. Gas Questar Gas Company Southwest corner of Sweetwater County. Black Hills Gas Distribution Northeast corner of Sweetwater County. Source: Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2015a. Wyoming Electric Certificated Areas. http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2015b. Wyoming Gas Certificated Areas. http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed August 2017.

Figure 3-15. Electric Certificated Areas Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2015. Wyoming Electric Certificated Areas. http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed August 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-91 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

3.4.7.5 Natural Gas Service Questar Gas Company provides natural gas service to portions of the southwestern quadrant of Sweetwater County, including the Project site, as shown in Table 3-56 and illustrated in Figure 3-16. Black Hills Gas Distribution serves the northeastern corner, while the remainder of the county does not have access to natural gas service.

Figure 3-16. Gas Certificated Areas Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Source: Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2015. Wyoming Gas Certificated Areas. http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed August 2017.

3.4.7.6 Construction Impacts It is expected that non-local construction workers would reside primarily in hotel/motels and RVs located at established sites and facilities in the existing housing stock of the area of site influence. The addition of 233 peak non-local residents would not increase the number of accommodation units in the area of site influence. The additional temporary population could increase the demand for municipal services such as water, wastewater, and solid waste. However, such a modest increase for this short duration would have negligible effects on the provision of these services or the facilities required for the administration of government. Wastewater Treatment and Potable Water Treatment and Distribution. The additional temporary population could increase the demand for municipal services such as potable water and generate additional quantities of wastewater. However, such a modest increase for this short duration would have negligible effects on the provision of these services. Existing onsite restrooms will be augmented by portable restrooms as needed to provide for onsite sewage handling during construction. No other wastewater will be generated during construction.

3-92 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Nonhazardous Waste Collection and Disposal, including Construction Waste Materials. A total of 4,214 cubic yards (yd3) of construction waste is anticipated from the Project. Estimates of the quantities of waste materials generated by month during the construction period are presented in Table 3-57. No impacts to local solid waste disposal sites or services are expected because the onsite Granger landfill will be used.

Table 3-57. Estimated Construction Waste Materials Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Volume Determination Waste Stream Estimate (yd3) Supporting Calculation

Construction/Demolition Waste 3,520 yd3 117 x 1.5 = 176 (roll-offs) x 20 yd3 Wood, concrete, metal (steel, copper), plastics, paper, cardboard, glass, insulation, and building siding.

Municipal Waste (office debris and 478 yd3 15/4= 3.75 x 1.09 yd3= 4.09 yd3 x 117= 438.75 yd3 lunch tent) Paper, glass, cans, plastic, food debris

Solid Waste 16.60 yd3 3/16"/12"= 0.015625’ x 28,700 ft2= 448.44 ft3/27 ft3 asbestos (28,700 ft2 x 3/16" thick)

Hazardous Waste 600 lb/month

Recyclables 100 yd3 5 (roll-offs) x 20 yd3 Scrap metal (steel, copper)

Total 4,214 yd3 Total includes 16.60 yd3 asbestos

Assumptions: Construction Schedule = 26 months 1- Roll-off Waste Container = 20 yd3 C&D Waste Generation = 1.5 roll-offs/week Municipal Waste: (4) 55-gal drums = ~1.09 yd3, Lunch Tent= (2) 55 gal drums/day (6- day work week) = (12) 55-gal drums, Field Office = (3) 55 gal drums/week Total: (15) 55 gal drums/wk Recyclables = 5 roll-offs for entire Project Source: CH2M, 2012.

Hazardous Wastes. Any hazardous materials will be used in a manner that is protective of human health and the environment, will comply with all applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations, and will be disposed of in appropriate, licensed facilities. Accidental releases of hazardous materials (e.g., vehicle fuel during construction) will be prevented or minimized through proper containment of these substances during use and transportation to the site. Any oily waste, rags, or dirty or hazardous solid waste will be collected in sealable drums and removed for recycling or disposal by a licensed contractor. Small amounts of hazardous waste will be generated during Project construction. Demolition of building siding will generate asbestos-containing material (ACM). The existing process buildings were constructed in 1975 using Galbestos® exterior siding. This siding contains a layer of chrysotile asbestos imbedded in the siding material. Consequently, any disturbance to the siding is subject to regulation under OSHA 29 CFR 1926.1101, and under Wyoming Air Quality Standards and Regulations (WAQSR) Chapter 3, Section 8 for its disposal. Prior to siding disturbance or removal, a notification of the activity is submitted to the Wyoming Air Quality Division (AQD) describing the Project, the amount of ACM to be removed (estimated around 16 yd3), the certified asbestos removal contractor assigned to the Project, the means by which the

PR0828171057DEN 3-93 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS material will be removed to minimize asbestos exposure, and the location of final disposal of the removed material. Any ACM encountered during the project will be disposed of at a licensed offsite facility. The Applicant’s Environmental Department oversees submitting the notifications and is the Applicant contact with respect to any communication with AQD. Potential hazardous waste streams would be associated with spent aerosol cans and other construction- related solvent use. It is estimated that this generation will be small quantities of aerosol cans and solvent waste. Even with these hazardous waste streams, the Granger facility is anticipated to continue to be a small quantity hazardous waste generator. Since the Granger landfill is not permitted to accept hazardous waste, it will be transported for disposal at offsite permitted hazardous waste disposal facility. In the unlikely event of an accidental hazardous materials release, any spill or release will be cleaned up and the contaminated soil or other materials disposed of and treated according to applicable regulations. Spill kits, containing items such as absorbent pads, will be located on equipment and in temporary storage facilities onsite to respond to accidental spills, if any were to occur. Employees handling hazardous materials will be instructed in the proper handling and storage of these materials, as well as where spill kits are located. Electricity and Natural Gas Service. The temporary addition of about 233 non-local workers during the peak month of construction would not noticeably increase the demand for electricity and natural gas in the region, and impacts would be negligible.

3.4.7.7 Operations Impacts The jobs created through the O&M of the proposed facility would be staffed by workers originating as non-local, but who would take up residence in the area primarily affected. Negligible quantities of wastewater, potable water, municipal solid waste, hazardous waste materials, electricity, and natural gas would be associated with this minor population influx.

3.4.8 Human Service Facilities Human service facilities include those facilities and programs generally administered by the Wyoming Department of Family Services (WY DFS) and nonprofits such as the United Way or Salvation Army. While there is overlap in services, human health issues such as mental health and low-income medical services are generally addressed in Section 3.4.6. Table 3-58 summarizes the human service facilities available in the Applicant’s Study Area. Wyoming 2-1-1 has been providing consolidated access to health and human service information and a referral system since 2011. It serves as a single, comprehensive statewide provider of information and referrals to ensure consumers are connected to the appropriate services while also being accessible to service providers and case managers for referral information (Wyoming 211, 2017). Referrals are available for: Basic needs (food/ shelter), physical and mental health resources, financial stability, support for older individuals and those with disabilities, and support for children, youth, and families. In 2015, it served 3,586 clients with 4,954 referrals covering 217 different needs. A need for housing and utility support drove 50 percent of the calls in 2015 while 25 percent were requesting health care. WY DFS is organized into six divisions of over 700 people in 28 offices across Wyoming including: Protective Services, Juvenile Services, Financial Services, Early Childhood Development, Economic Assistance, and Child Support Enforcement (WY DFS, 2017). It is estimated that WY provides 68,940 people a month with Economic Assistance for nutrition support and home heating help while annually it serves 110,000 people via Child Support Enforcement, 2,350 youth via Juvenile Services and 6,000 people annually. As a rural state, Wyoming’s Child and Family Services Plan for 2015-2019 noted that providing transportation and mentoring resources in the most rural communities continued to be challenging (WY DFS, 2014). Human services in the Study Area are administered in Kemmerer (Lincoln

3-94 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS County), Lyman (Uinta County), or Rock Springs (Sweetwater County) with additional Veterans Services provided in Green (see Table 3-58).

Table 3-58. Human Service Facilities in the GOP Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Address Services

Wyoming 211 Hotline 211; (888) 425-7138 Hotline for services throughout Wyoming, critical health and human services

Sweetwater County

Tri-County Veterans Services Offices 731 C Street, Suite 110 Assist veterans with the necessary paperwork Rock Springs, WY 82901 they need for benefits and support with home Ph: (307) 922-5442 loans, disability compensation, educational 115 E. Flaming Gorge Way benefits, or health care. Green River, WY 82935 Ph: (307) 922-5441

Sweetwater County Department of 2451 Foothill Blvd # 103 Day Care Assistance program; POWER Family Services Rock Springs, WY 82901 program; SNAP; -2877 Family Social Services; (307) 352-2500. LIEAP & Link-up America applications.

Sweetwater County Family Resource 875-3791/362-6549 Many programs for children and their Center (SCFRC) families; emergency services

Social Security Administration Rock Springs SSDI, SSI, Death Benefits & Retirement 855-881-0211 applications/services.

Wyoming Workforce Services 352-2601 or 875-2300 Employment referrals; education & training services.

Goodwill Industries of Wyoming Green River (307) 371-9909

Lincoln County

Lincoln County Department of Family 1100 Pine Ave., Kemmerer, WY Day Care Assistance program; POWER Services 83101 program; SNAP; -2877 Family Social Services; 307-877-6670 LIEAP & Link-up America applications.

Uinta County

Uinta County Department of Family 225 W. Owens, Lyman, WY 82937 Day Care Assistance program; POWER Services 307-786-4011 program; SNAP; -2877 Family Social Services; LIEAP & Link-up America applications.

Source: WY 211s, 2017.

3.4.8.1 Construction Impacts Due to the limited number of non-local workers expected to bring their families, the anticipated effects of the GOP on the demand for social and family services in the Study Area are expected to be negligible.

3.4.8.2 Operations Impacts It is anticipated that the operations phase will result in an in-migration of approximately 26 workers, including workers with families or who may start families once they settle in the area. These families are expected to earn good incomes so that they would not need access to financial services, child welfare or

PR0828171057DEN 3-95 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS Medicaid. However, it is possible that other human services, such as child support enforcement, could be needed. However, the demands on such services are expected to be minimal.

3.4.9 Community Recreation Facilities This section describes those community recreational facilities, programs and urban outdoor recreational opportunities available in the Applicant’s Study Area particularly in those communities most likely to experience specific new demands or increases in service levels because of the Project. There are extensive opportunities for outdoor recreation throughout the Study Area in part due to the prevalence of public lands. Over 70 percent of the county is owned by the federal government (Sweetwater County, 2002). Thus, four wheeling on all-terrain vehicles is a popular recreational activity by residents in the spring, summer, and fall (Pedersen, 2009). In addition to these federal lands, Sweetwater County manages the following County parks: • Arrowhead Springs Park • Crossroads West Park • Mesa Park • Reliance Park • Sweetwater County Picnic Grounds • Pioneer Trails Picnic Grounds • Bicentennial Park • Big Sandy Park (Rock Springs, 2017). Roy Adams Park in the Town of Granger is the closest community recreation facility offering a softball field, basketball court, and restroom facility as well as picnic and playground spaces. The City of Green River offers an extensive park system within its 15-mile limits, including 28 parks totaling more than 765 acres (Green River, 2011). The City Parks and Recreation Department also manages a large recreation center, historical indoor pavilion facility, and nine athletic fields. Similarly, Rock Springs provides recreation activities at a Family Recreation Center, the Wataha Recreation Area/ White Mountain Golf Course, and at the Rock Springs Civic Center, which offers an indoor pool (Rock Springs, 2017). The 2014-2019 Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan (SCORP) for Wyoming was developed to serve as a guide for local, state, and federal agencies in the development and provision of future outdoor recreation opportunities notes (WY SPCR, 2014). Its purpose was to identify the outdoor recreation needs and to develop a program to address those needs. Based on a 2013 survey, outdoor recreation users had participated in the following top six activities over the previous year: • Driving for pleasure/sightseeing by auto • Viewing natural features, scenery, flowers, etc. • Picnicking and family day gatherings • Viewing wildlife, birds, fish, etc. • General/other: relaxing, hanging out, escaping crowds, noise, etc. • Hiking or walking (WY SPCR, 2014). The SCORP identified a wide variety of state historic sites, national forests, and important birding areas in the Applicant’s Study Area that offer recreation opportunities (Table 3-59).

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Table 3-59. State Parks, Historic Sites and Important Bird Areas in the Applicant’s Study Area Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Name Type County Names Hill State Historic Site Lincoln Bridger-Teton National Forest United States Forest Service Lincoln Alpine Wetland Important Bird Areas Lincoln Cokeville Meadows National Wildlife Refuge Important Bird Areas Lincoln Fossil Buttes National Monument National Park Service Lincoln Commissary Ridge Raptor Migration Route Important Bird Areas Lincoln, Sublette, Uinta Ashley National Forest United States Forest Service Sweetwater Chapman Bench Important Bird Areas Sweetwater Granger Stage Station State Historic Site Sweetwater Point of Rocks Stage Station State Historic Site Sweetwater Little Sandy Landscape Important Bird Areas Fremont, Sublette, Sweetwater Powder Rim Important Bird Areas Sweetwater Red Desert Important Bird Areas Fremont, Sweetwater Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge Important Bird Areas Sweetwater Uinta – Wasatch – Cache National Forest United States Forest Service Uinta Bear River State Park Uinta Fort Bridger State Historic Site Uinta Fort Supply State Historic Site Uinta Piedmont Kilns State Historic Site Uinta

Source: WY SPCR, 2014

3.4.9.1 Construction Impacts Due to the limited number of non-local workers expected to bring their families, the anticipated effects of the GOP on the demand for community recreation facilities in the Study Area are expected to be negligible.

3.4.9.2 Operations Impacts It is anticipated that the operations phase will result in an in-migration of approximately 26 workers, including workers with families or who may start families once they settle in the area. Given the extent of community recreation facilities already offered in the Study Area, the additional demand for services are expected to be minimal. 3.5 Summary of Impacts Table 3-60 presents a summary of impacts for the major resources addressed earlier. The summary statistics for the construction workforce are presented for the peak quarter, peak year, and the annual average. The local versus non-local figures are distinguished to show the impacts of the Project on local

PR0828171057DEN 3-97 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS employment. The local employment figures for the study region are taken from Table 3-12. The 41 local construction workers will have a positive short-term impact on construction jobs, contributing 1 percent to employment in that sector during the construction phase. The direct jobs created across all industries, averages 245 workers. Compared to overall employment in the Study Area of 51,664 workers, the direct job creation provides a boost of approximately 0.5 percent and the total job creation of 306 workers represents an 0.6 percent increase in Study Area employment. Similarly, the operations phase will have a modest positive effect, contributing less than 1 percent to total employment in the region. The peak temporary workforce of 233 is negligible in relation to the Study Area population. This number of temporary workers will increase the demand for community services such as temporary housing. However, the peak demand for temporary housing can be accommodated by the supply, and the higher occupancy rates will be a positive benefit for the local economy, especially during the relatively brief period of peak demand. The temporary increase in the population does not affect the LOS ratios for fire protection or law enforcement. Local demand for primary care physicians will increase by insignificant levels due to the Project; however, as noted in Section 3.4.6, Sweetwater County had a 7.23 deficit of PCPs in 2009 with an estimated 10 PCPs in place and an additional 7.23 needed. The number of primary care physicians per 100,000 for Sweetwater County was 32 in 2014, compared to 59 for the state and 66 for the nation. The Project will not noticeably affect these statistics. Construction debris from the Project will be entirely disposed of in the onsite industrial landfill; therefore, no impact to municipal services will occur. Finally, the Project will contribute $1.8 million in ad valorem taxes in the last year of construction and nearly $5 million in total during the construction phase or $1.25 million on average from 2019 to 2022. In addition, $16.6 million net present value would be paid during the Project’s operations phase. These increments in property tax revenue during the construction and operation phases of the Project represent a significant benefit to the local community and to the county. Granger collected $111,179 in property taxes in 2016 and Sweetwater County collected $157.7 million. Sales and use taxes of more than $2.8 million would accrue to the three-county Study Area during the construction phase of the Project or about 710,000 per year on average. In 2016, the Study Area collected more than $130 million in sales and use taxes. Thus, the Project will have a modest positive impact on local tax revenues.

Table 3-60. Summary of Project-Related Effects and Impacts Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Direct Project Effects Peak Quarter Average Annual Peak Year Average (2019) Construction Phase Total Onsite FTEs 310 164 264 Non-Local FTEs 233 123 198 Local FTEs 77 41 66 Operations Phase Average Annual Onsite Workers 26 Local Workers 26

Non-Local Workers 0

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Table 3-60. Summary of Project-Related Effects and Impacts Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Project-Induced Impacts

Study Area Project Impact (% over Employment (FTEs) Baseline Condition Project Effect baseline condition) Construction Phase (Average Annual FTE)

Direct (Construction Sector) 4,513 41 1% Direct (Construction Phase) 51,664 245 0.5% Total (Direct, Indirect and Induced) 51,664 306 0.6% Operations Phase

Direct 51,664 26 0.05% Total 51,664 57 0.1% Population (Peak Quarter) 84,018 233 0.3%

Excess Housing Supply Recreational Vehicle Spaces 318 34 10.69% Houses, Apartments and Mobile Homes 487 5 1.03% Motel and Hotel Rooms 1194 170 14.24% Public School

Students 10,560 0 0.00% Teachers and Staff 1,810 0 0.00% Fire Protection Sweetwater County

Full-Time Paid Personnel 50 0 0.00% Part-Time Paid, Volunteer 94 0 0.00% Emergency Medical Technicians 43 0 0.00% Law Enforcement

Officers 146 0.0 0.0% Index Crimes (crimes per 10,000) 195.7 4.5 0.5% Health Care

Physicians (primary care)/100,000 32 0 0.0% Emergency Room Visits 28,346 148 0.5%

Solid Waste Generation (Cubic Yards) Construction Debris All construction waste will be disposed of in the onsite private landfill and no impact to municipal waste disposal capabilities will occur.

Taxes Ad Valorem Sweetwater County (2019 – 2022) $157,711,100 $1,250,000 1.0% Ad Valorem Granger $111,179

Cumulative Ad Valorem NPV (2023– 2047) $16,600,000 Study Area Sales and Use Taxes (2016) 131,000,000 $710,000/year 1.0% (2018 – 2021) Study Area Lodging Taxes $1.36 million (negligible) 0% Source: CH2M, 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 3-99 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS 3.6 Cumulative Impacts Cumulative environmental impacts, as defined in the ISA Rules and Regulations, are the combined impacts upon the environment to the social or economic conditions resulting from construction and operation of the proposed industrial facility and from construction and operation of other ongoing or proposed developments in the area of site influence. Proposed developments to be included in the cumulative impact analysis include those developments or events that are being actively planned and/ or permitted and have public information available. The following projects and events were included due to their location within or near the Granger area of influence and some element of overlap within the second quarter 2018 to first quarter 2021 construction schedule: 1. Granger Non-Jurisdictional Project Components 2. Chokecherry and Sierra Madre (CCSM) Wind Energy Project 3. Gateway West Transmission Project 4. Jonah Energy LLC Normally Pressured Lance (NPL) Natural Gas Development Project 5. Sweetwater Solar Energy Project 6. TransWest Express Transmission Project 7. Invenergy Uinta Wind Energy Project 8. PacifiCorp Jim Bridger and Naughton Power Plants Maintenance Outages 9. Miscellaneous Oil and Gas Development 10. National High School Finals Rodeo (NHSFR) 11. Oyster Ridge Music Festival Each of the projects listed above will be discussed below, including an estimate of the construction workforce and schedule, if applicable. The following projects were not considered in the cumulative evaluation due to either project location or construction timeframe not overlapping with the Granger Project: • Simplot Phosphates Rock Springs Ammonia Facility Project • Simplot Smokey Canyon Mine Expansion • Alterra Boswell Springs Wind Energy Project • PacifiCorp McFadden Ridge II Wind Energy Project • Invenergy Ekola Flats Wind Energy Project • Invenergy TB Flats Wind Energy Project • NextEra Belvoir Ranch Wind Energy Project • NextEra Chugwater and Antelope Gap Wind Energy Projects

3.6.1 Projects included in Cumulative Workforce Estimates Table 3-61 provides a composite view of the quarterly non-local construction workforce estimates for the eight projects discussed below. The cumulative non-local workforce is estimated at 495 at the start of the Granger Project in the second quarter of 2018 and 532 in the first quarter of 2021 when the project is projected to be complete. The estimated cumulative peak is 818 in the third quarter of 2019, with the quarterly average over GOP’s construction period being 675 workers. The 12-quarter average for each project is also presented in Table 3-61 as well as Granger’s percentage of the corresponding quarterly total. Over the construction period, Granger’s jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional non-local workforce will represent less than a third of the cumulative total except for two quarters, the first and second quarters of 2019, when it will represent 33 percent and 35 percent respectively. Its 12-quarter average non-local workforce estimate of 129 represents approximately 18 percent of the cumulative average. Table A-2 in Appendix A provides additional detail on the cumulative projects workforce calculation methodology. Note that the workforce estimates for the

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Table 3-61. Cumulative Non-Local Workforce Estimates, April 2018 to March 2021 Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 PacifiCorp Gateway TransWest Invenerg Power Plants Granger Granger Non- West Jonah Sweetwater Express y Uinta and O&G Percent of Time Period Granger Jurisdictional CCSM Transmission Energy NPL Solar Transmission Wind Projects Total Total

Second Quarter 35 0 10 0 185 100 40 25 100 495 7% 2018

Third Quarter 2018 89 0 38 0 185 100 40 38 100 590 15%

Fourth Quarter 206 0 17 0 185 100 40 25 100 673 31% 2018

First Quarter 2019 201 34 3 41 185 100 40 0 100 703 33%

Second Quarter 233 34 35 41 185 100 40 0 100 768 35% 2019

Third Quarter 2019 204 0 94 95 185 100 40 0 100 818 25%

Fourth Quarter 153 0 41 95 185 100 40 0 100 714 21% 2019

First Quarter 2020 143 0 5 95 185 100 40 0 100 668 21%

Second Quarter 139 0 33 204 185 100 40 0 100 801 17% 2020

Third Quarter 2020 41 0 88 204 185 100 40 0 100 758 5%

Fourth Quarter 16 38 95 185 100 40 0 100 574 3% 2020

First Quarter 2021 11 1 95 185 100 40 0 100 532 2%

12 Quarter Average 123 7 34 80 185 100 40 7 100 675

Project % of 12 18% 1% 5% 12% 27% 15% 6% 1% 15% Quarter Average

CH2M, 2017

PR0828171057DEN 3-101 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS other projects included in the cumulative inventory are very conservative based on limited information on Project construction schedules and estimated workforce requirements. Only the CCSM project is currently providing quarterly updates on schedule and workforce through the ISA permit process.

3.6.1.1 Granger, Non-Jurisdictional Project Components In addition to the construction workforce associated with the Applicant’s ISA, the Project also anticipates 57 workers will be needed during the first two quarters of 2019 to assist with pipeline and well construction. Assuming 60 percent of the 57 workers are non-local, the study area would need temporary accommodations to support 34 workers for 6 months, as shown in Table 3-61.

3.6.1.2 Chokecherry and Sierra Madre (CCSM) Wind Energy Project The Power Company of Wyoming, LLC (PCW) has begun construction of the Chokecherry and Sierra Madre (CCSM) wind energy project in Carbon County near the Sweetwater County line. CCSM will consist of 1,000 wind turbines and associated infrastructure capable of generating approximately 3,000 megawatts (MW) of wind energy. Although CCSM is located more than 150 miles east of the Project along I-80 near Rawlins, both projects anticipate that portions of their construction workforce will stay temporarily in the Rock Springs area of Sweetwater County. For the purpose of this cumulative analysis, we have conservatively assumed that 10 percent of the construction workforce will stay in Rock Springs, while the balance will reside outside of the GOP Study Area. In the latest quarterly report (July 2017) filed with WDEQ-ISD, PCW provided an updated construction and workforce schedule for the period August 2016 through December 2023. The quarterly workforce estimates related to the GOP AOI, which range from 1 to a peak of 94 in third quarter 2019, are shown in Table 3-61 with additional detail in Appendix A, Table A-2.

3.6.1.3 Gateway West Transmission Line Project Idaho Power Company and PacifiCorp (doing business as Rocky Mountain Power) applied to the BLM for a right-of-way (ROW) grant to use the federal land for portions of the Gateway West Transmission Line Project in May 2007. BLM released its draft environmental impact statement (EIS) in July 2011 and announced the record of development (ROD) for the project on November 14, 2013. The ROD included segments 1 through 7 and segment 10 of the project, while deferring its decision on segments 8 and 9 to resolve routing issues in that area. The original application has been revised multiple times to reflect changes and refinements in the route, which is currently composed of 1,103 miles of new 230-kilovolt (kV) and 500-kV high-voltage transmission lines in 10 segments between the Windstar Substation at Glenrock, Wyoming, and the Hemingway Substation approximately 30 miles southwest of Boise, Idaho. Portions of three segments of Gateway West overlap the GOP AOI. Construction of segments 2, 3 and 4, which cross Carbon, Sweetwater, and Lincoln counties, have the greatest potential to coincide with construction at Granger. The Draft EIS assumed that during periods of peak construction, 20 percent of the workforce would be local while the remaining 80 percent of the workforce would need temporary accommodations. Construction of these segments was estimated for two separate Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) contracts, EPC #1 and EPC #2, of which Sweetwater and Lincoln counties represent 34 percent of the total length of these segments to be constructed. As a result, it was estimated that 34 percent of the total non-local workforce in EPC # 1 and #2 would potentially need temporary accommodations in the study area. Originally, project construction was expected to occur between 2013 and 2018. As currently projected in the PacifiCorp Integrated Resource Plan (IRP), the project would go through the industrial siting permit process in 2018 with construction initiated no earlier than first quarter 2019. The quarterly workforce estimates related to the Granger AOI are shown in Table 3-61 with additional detail in Appendix A, Table A-2.

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3.6.1.4 Jonah Energy LLC Normally Pressured Lance (NPL) Natural Gas Development Project In 2011, Encana Oil and Gas originally proposed development of the Normally Pressured Lance (NPL) natural gas project. The project would include drilling up to 3,500 directionally drilled natural gas wells during a 10-year development period at a rate of 350 wells per year. The project encompasses 140,859 acres (96 percent on BLM parcels) in Sublette County approximately 35 miles south of Pinedale, Wyoming. Since the original formal scoping process for the NPL project by the BLM began in April 2011, Encana sold the project to Jonah Energy LLC and a draft EIS was completed in July 2017. The construction schedule has not been finalized but based on information in draft EIS, the non-local construction workforce would average 370 over a 10-year period. It is conservatively estimated that up to 50 percent of this workforce could be located in the Granger AOI. The quarterly workforce estimates related to the Granger AOI are shown in Table 3-61 with additional detail in Appendix A, Table A-2. The 185 non-local workers associated with this project represent the largest percentage of the cumulative total, 27 percent, of the eight projects included.

3.6.1.5 Sweetwater Solar Energy Project Sweetwater Solar LLC has proposed an 80-MW solar energy project on 703 acres of mostly federal land in Sweetwater County approximately 11 miles northwest of Green River. The company submitted an ROW application to the BLM in July 2016 and a public scoping meeting was held in January 2017. Currently, the NEPA process is underway and environmental studies are being conducted. Construction of the facility would take approximately 9 months with a peak estimated workforce of 200. Because the schedule is uncertain, a conservative estimate of 100 workers for the duration of the GOP has been assumed for the cumulative analysis representing 15 percent of the non-local workforce on average. The quarterly workforce estimates related to the Granger AOI are shown in Table 3-61 with additional detail in Appendix A, Table A-2.

3.6.1.6 TransWest Express Transmission Project The TransWest Express transmission project proposed by TransWest Express LLC is a 730-mile high voltage direct current transmission line from Cheyenne, Wyoming to Las Vegas, Nevada. The route from Cheyenne would travel southwest through Colorado and Utah, and south through Nevada to Las Vegas. BLM conducted an EIS and the ROD was issued December 13, 2016. The 3-year construction period is planned to start in the second half of 2018 and employ as many as 1,000 construction workers. The impact to the Granger AOI is expected to be minimal based on transmission line route. However, a conservative estimate of 5 percent of the projected non-local workforce was used. The quarterly workforce estimates related to the Granger AOI are shown in Table 3-61 with additional detail in Appendix A, Table A-2.

3.6.1.7 Invenergy Uinta Wind Energy Project Invenergy has been in development of the 120-MW Uinta Wind Energy Project since 2015. A county permit has been issued but the industrial siting application to WDEQ-ISD has not yet been filed. A construction duration of approximately 9 months and a peak workforce of 150 workers is estimated. Construction of the project is not anticipated to start until April 2018. It was estimated that up to 25 percent of the non-local construction workforce could be commuting from within the Granger AOI. The quarterly workforce estimates related to the Granger AOI are shown in Table 3-61 with additional detail in Appendix A, Table A-2.

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3.6.1.8 PacifiCorp Jim Bridger and Naughton Power Plants Maintenance Outages and Miscellaneous Oil/ Gas Development Most power plant O&M activities and oil and gas project development in the Sweetwater County area would be included in the baseline workforce projections (as local workforce). However, as a conservative measure in the cumulative analysis for the GOP, a quarterly value of 100 non-local workers has been added to account for contracted maintenance outages at the two PacifiCorp power plants and any new oil and gas development projects in the AOI. This represents approximately 15 percent of the quarterly workforce estimates related to the Granger AOI shown in Table 3-61; additional detail is provided in Appendix A, Table A-2.

3.6.1.9 National High School Finals Rodeo The National High School Finals Rodeo (NHSFR) is scheduled to be held in Rock Springs at the Sweetwater Events Complex for 1 week in 2018 (July 15-21) and 2019 (July 14-20). The site has not been determined for 2020 or 2021. The event does overlap with the third quarter non-local workforce temporary housing needs for the GOP as well as other potential projects in the cumulative analysis. A recent Economic Impact Analysis of the 2012 NHSFR in Rock Springs estimated 3,213 groups in attendance, resulting in a total of 12,755 contestants, vendors, and spectators (Grotta, 2012). Over the week-long event, it estimated a total 6,941 hotel and motels units were used. A number of the participants also stay in their travel RVs at various campgrounds in the area. To help accommodate the influx of visitors, the Sweetwater Events Complex also provides 1,250 campsites. For the purposes of the cumulative analysis, it is assumed that approximately the same number of attendees will participate in the 2018 to 2019 events. Thus, the Granger cumulative analysis assumes that approximately 1,300 non-local competitors will need one temporary housing unit each during the week of the NHSFR for the duration of construction. Due to the short-term duration, this peak demand will place on temporary housing, GOP anticipates the need for special arrangements, such as additional confirmed housing commitments, and/or coordinated transportation to and from more distant communities.

3.6.1.10 Oyster Ridge Music Festival The Oyster Ridge Music Festival has been held in downtown Kemmerer, Wyoming, since 1993. The free outdoor music festival is held 3 days in late July each year. Most the attendees stay in hotels in Kemmerer, Diamondville, or at local campgrounds. The short-term nature of the event is not anticipated to have a significant impact on the Granger cumulative analysis. Additionally, in 2017, the City of Kemmerer opened overflow areas for those unable to get space in one of the commercial campgrounds or the several USFS or BLM campgrounds in the area (Oyster Ridge Music Festival, 2017).

3.6.2 Projects not included in Cumulative Workforce Estimates

3.6.2.1 Simplot Phosphates LLC Rock Springs Ammonia Facility Project Simplot submitted an Industrial Siting Application in March 2014 for construction of the ammonia facility at the Rock Springs Fertilizer Complex located 5 miles south of Rock Springs. Construction was initiated in August 2014 and the plant begun operation in late 2016. Thus, the project is completed and does not overlap with the planned GOP.

3.6.2.2 Simplot Phosphates LLC Smoky Canyon Mine Expansion J.R. Simplot Company’s Smoky Canyon Mine, located near the Idaho-Wyoming border, supplies phosphate for use in fertilizer and employs an average of 200 operations workers. Simplot is developing

3-104 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS two new mine panels, Panels F and G, and associated project components. Because all the mining activities would occur on federal leases and land administered by the BLM and USFS, a draft and final EIS were developed and originally published in 2007. Subsequent litigation delayed the start of the expansion and a follow-up EIS was published in March 2015. The schedule for construction is pending but the schedule would be over a two-year period with an average workforce of approximately 100 workers. The project location is 10 miles west of Afton, Wyoming, which is over 120 miles from the Rock Springs area. Due to uncertainty of the project start and the location, this project was not included in the cumulative analysis.

3.6.2.3 Alterra Boswell Springs Wind Energy Project Alterra as Boswell Wind, LLC filed an Industrial Siting Application in August 2017 for a proposed 400-MW wind energy project in Albany County. Construction is expected to commence in May 2018 and continue through November 2020. The construction workforce is anticipated to peak at 236 workers in August 2020. The project would be located 15 miles east of Medicine Bow. At approximately 170 miles from Rock Springs, the project workforce would not be housed within the GOP AOI.

3.6.2.4 PacifiCorp McFadden Ridge II Wind Energy Project PacifiCorp (as Rocky Mountain Power) is in the planning stages of possibly permitting and constructing McFadden Ridge II, a 110-MW wind energy project located in eastern Carbon County/western Albany County. The project would be more than 150 miles from the GOP AOI; thus, it has not been included in the cumulative analysis.

3.6.2.5 Invenergy Ekola Flats Wind Energy Project Invenergy and/or PacifiCorp are in the planning stages of possibly permitting and constructing Ekola Flats, a 250-MW wind energy project located in northeastern Carbon County. The project would be more than 150 miles from the GOP AOI; thus, it has not been included in the cumulative analysis.

3.6.2.6 Invenergy TB Flats Wind Energy Project Invenergy and/or PacifiCorp are in the planning stages of possibly permitting and constructing TB Flats, a 500-MW wind energy project located in northern Carbon and Albany counties. The project would be more than 150 miles from the GOP AOI; thus, it has not been included in the cumulative analysis.

3.6.2.7 NextEra Belvoir Ranch Wind Energy Project NextEra is in the planning stages of possibly permitting and constructing Belvoir Ranch, a 50- to 150-MW wind energy project located in Albany County. The project would be more than 180 miles from the GOP AOI; thus, it has not been included in the cumulative analysis.

3.6.2.8 NextEra Chugwater and Antelope Gap Wind Energy Projects NextEra is in the planning stages of possibly permitting and constructing the Chugwater and Antelope Gap wind energy Projects in Platte and Goshen counties between Cheyenne and Wheatland. The projects are not included in the cumulative analysis.

3.6.3 Cumulative Temporary Housing Estimates As discussed in Section 3.4.3, there are 10 RV parks or campgrounds with 859 sites in the Granger – Rock Springs area that can provide accommodations for visits with durations of weeks or months, which should be adequate to meet the peak RV/campsite needs of 123 units in the third quarter of 2019, as presented in Table 3-62. The Granger - Rock Springs area has approximately 2,418 rooms at 32 hotels

PR0828171057DEN 3-105 SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS and motels that experience average peak occupancies of approximately 77 percent in the July-to- September time period from 2011 to 2017, which coincides with the cumulative peak in temporary housing needs. Assuming historical vacancy trends continue, a surplus of hotel rooms is available for all quarters of the Granger construction period except for a small need (-6) shown for third quarter 2019. Based on the conservatism of the cumulative analysis, it is anticipated that the necessary temporary accommodations can be obtained through additional RV camping spots or commuting longer distances. Table 3-62 further illustrates that, except for the week of the NHSFR event in July of each year and the discussion above, a surplus of hotel rooms ranging from 39 to 977 should be available during the Project construction period.

3.6.4 Summary of Cumulative Impacts The direct cumulative non-local workforce would range from 495 in the second quarter of 2018 to a peak of 818 in the third quarter of 2019, with the quarterly average over GOP’s construction period being 675 workers. Granger at peak construction activity in the second quarter of 2019 would represent 30 percent of the cumulative non-local workers. The Project would contribute toward sustaining construction employment in the study area at an elevated level. Thereafter, Granger would contribute a modest amount toward long-term employment in the region by maintaining its expected 26-person operations workforce. The Granger, Green River, and Rock Springs area has adequate hotel/ motel capacity to accommodate the cumulative peak non-local workforce needs except for the week of the NHSFR. Other peak cumulative conditions during construction of the Project would be identical to those described in earlier, resource-specific sections. 3.7 Analysis and Mitigation The proposed Project is expected to create significant and ongoing tax benefits and a modest temporary increase in employment throughout the study area and area of site influence. It is anticipated that Project-related impacts, especially on community services, would be minor, and distributed throughout the area of site influence, with the majority occurring in Sweetwater County. Implementation of the Project would create both primary and secondary employment opportunities, contribute modest growth to the local economy, including the service sectors, and provide a substantial source of revenues for local governments through the collection of significant ad valorem taxes and sales and use taxes. The potential for short-term impacts associated with implementation of the Project on socioeconomic resources is minimal. The major long-term impact of the Project would be the additional revenue collected by the state and distributed to Sweetwater County through increased ad valorem taxes. The increased ad valorem tax revenues would be distributed by the state and counties for schools, roads, and other community infrastructure. Further expansion of mining-related resources in the region will continue to add jobs to the growing economies and generate additional tax revenues.

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Table 3-62. Cumulative Temporary Housing Needs, Second Quarter 2018 to First Quarter 2021a Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Non-Local Workforce Non-Local Workforce Double Single + Total Non-Local Allocated to RV/ Campsites Allocated to Hotel/ Single Occupancy Occupancy Hotel Double Hotel Hotel Units Hotel Surplus/ Time Period Work-force (15%) Motels (85%) Hotel Units (75%) Units (25%) Units Needed Availableb Needs Second Quarter 495 74 420 315 53 368 879 511 2018 Third Quarter 590 88 501 376 63 439 603 164 2018 Fourth Quarter 673 101 572 429 72 501 1,225 724 2018 First Quarter 703 106 598 448 75 523 1,373 850 2019 Second Quarter 768 115 652 489 82 571 879 308 2019 Third Quarter 818 123 696 522 87 609 603 (6) 2019 Fourth Quarter 714 107 607 455 76 531 1,225 694 2019 First Quarter 668 100 568 426 71 497 1,373 876 2020 Second Quarter 801 120 681 511 85 596 879 283 2020 Third Quarter 758 114 645 483 81 564 603 39 2020 Fourth Quarter 574 86 488 366 61 427 1,225 798 2020 First Quarter 532 80 453 339 57 396 1,373 977 2021 Notes: a Does not reflect the local short-term events (NHSFR and Oyster Ridge Music Festival) discussed above. b Based on Smith Trend Report for AOI, 6-year average of monthly vacancy rates aggregated by quarter and applied to the number of rooms in AOI. Source: CH2M and Smith Reports, 2017.

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3.7.1 Beneficial and Adverse Impacts The proposed Project is expected to create long-term tax benefits to Sweetwater County and a modest increase in employment. Project-related impacts, especially on community services, would be small and concentrated in the greater Granger, Green River, and Rock Springs area in Sweetwater County, the primary area of site influence. Adverse impacts are possible due to a shortage of temporary housing during the NHSFR for 1 week each summer in 2018 and 2019. However, the Applicant plans to mitigate the excess demand on local housing by a combination of doubling up on occupancy and securing rooms more distant from the rodeo. The Project is primarily adjacent on three sides to parcels owned by Union Pacific, and is bordered on the east by state and federal lands. Because the Project is an expansion of an existing facility and adequate buffer exists from these adjacent properties, negative externalities such as decreases in property values are not anticipated. The Project would have the following benefits to the local communities and counties comprising the study area and area of site influence: • The creation of 164 direct FTE jobs on average during the construction period, includes about 41 jobs per year for the local workforce. These new local jobs would generate an additional 245 jobs through the economic multiplier effect due to the increased spending by local suppliers and service industries and the increased buying power of the households employed by the project. • The creation of 26 jobs annually would be attributable to O&M, which, in turn, would generate an additional 21 jobs through the economic multiplier. • Ad valorem (property) taxes accruing to Sweetwater County would increase as a result of an increase in the fair market value (and assessed value) of the real property comprising the Project site. Ad valorem taxes would average $ 1.25 million annually over the construction phase (2019 – 2022) totaling nearly $5 million. In addition, $16.6 million net present value would be paid during the first 25 years of the Project’s operations phase 2023 - 2047. These increments in property tax revenue during the construction and operation phases of the project represent a significant benefit to the local community and to the County. Granger collected $111,179 in property taxes in 2016 and Sweetwater County collected $157.7 million. • Sales and use taxes of more than $2.8 million would accrue to the three-county study area during the construction phase of the Project or about $710,000 per year on average. In 2016, the Study Area collected more than $130 million in sales and use taxes. Thus, the Project will have a significant benefit. • Temporary construction workers are expected to reside mostly in local hotels/ motels and RV camps. Depending on their length of stay, Sweetwater, Uinta, and Lincoln and counties could gain revenues from the lodging tax levied on room expenditures. During the construction phase of the Project, the number of non-local workers (and any accompanying family members) entering the area temporarily would peak at 233. Only a small proportion of these workers would be accompanied by family members or occupy permanent housing. The potential impacts this inflow of persons would have on community services in the area of site influence would be negligible. Their short-term presence would have negligible impacts on law enforcement, fire protection, health care, or municipal services. While there is a shortage of primary care physicians in Sweetwater County, the short-term nature of the Project would not materially affect this issue, as many of the non-local workers would continue to access their own PCPs for preventative care. Hotel/motels are the expected primary temporary lodging choices of 85 percent of the non-local workers. Thus, the most noticeable impact would be on the availability of hotel and motel rooms for other visitors, especially participants in the NHSFR for 1 week each July. However, due to the short-term duration this peak demand will place on temporary housing, GOP anticipates the need for special

3-108 PR0525171702DEN SECTION 3 – SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS arrangements such as temporarily increasing double occupancy, additional confirmed housing commitments and/or coordinated transportation to and from more distant communities. The transition from construction to operations will involve the departure of the temporary workforce and the establishment of the permanent workforce. Issues could arise if there was a sudden and drastic drop in hotel use and other services. The temporary workforce will taper over the final 6 months of construction, easing these transition issues. This will temper any issues from the departure of the Project’s temporary workforce. Transitioning to a permanent workforce of an additional 26 permanent employees is not expected to be discernible from over 900 employees at the Granger and neighboring Westvaco facilities.

3.7.2 Mitigation Housing for a temporary construction workforce can be a concern of communities in Wyoming. GOP is addressing these concerns through consideration of cumulative housing impacts from other projects and the NHSFR. As noted previously, except for the week of the NHSFR event in July of each year, the cumulative analysis shows that a surplus of hotel rooms should be available during the Project construction period. Special arrangements such as temporarily increasing double occupancy, additional confirmed housing commitments, and/or coordinated transportation to and from more distant communities will be considered for the weeks of NHSFR.

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SECTION 4 References

Bairoil Fire Department. 2017. Frank Chavez, Fire Chief. Personal Communication. July. Bullard, D. 2016. Wyoming Long-Term Industry Projections, 2014-2024. Research & Planning, Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). Retrieved from http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/projections.htm. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2016. New estimates for 2015; revised estimates for 1998-2014. Last updated November 17, 2016. Accessed August 4, 2017 from https://www.bea.gov. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and U.S. Forest Service (USFS). 2007. Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Smoky Canyon Mine, Panels F and G Mine Expansion Project. Available at http://www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc/medialib/blm/id/plans/smoky_canyon_mine.Par.90884.File.dat/SIMPL OT-MAIN%20PAGE.pdf. October. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). 2003. Environmental Assessment: FMC Corporation’s Westvaco to Granger Pipelines, Sweetwater County, Wyoming. Rock Springs Field Office. January 2003. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). 2011. Gateway West Transmission Line Draft EIS. Available at http://www.wy.blm.gov/nepa/cfodocs/gateway_west/. July 29. Castle Rock Hospital District (CRHD). 2017. Ambulance Services. http://crhd.org/services/ambulance.aspx. Accessed July 2017. Castle Rock Hospital District (CRHD). 2017. Our Providers. http://www.crhd.org/providers/our_providers.aspx. Accessed 8/11/2017. Castle Rock Special Hospital. 2012. District Website. http://www.crhd.org/?page_id=6. Accessed May 15, 2012. City of Green River Parks and Recreation Department. 2011. Parks, Facilities and Locations Guide. January. Website: http://cityofgreenriver.org/DocumentCenter/Home/View/779. City of Rock Springs, Police Department. 2017. Police Department. http://www.rswy.net/department/?fDD=18-0. Accessed July 2017. City of Rock Springs. 2017. Parks and Recreation 2017 Summer Activity Guide. http://www.rswy.net/egov/documents/1494864639_98551.pdf. Accessed August 17, 2017. Evanston Regional Hospital. 2017. Hospital Fact Sheet. http://www.evanstonregionalhospital.com/uploads/public/documents/fact_sheets_new/EvanstonRegio nalHospitalFactSheet.pdf. Accessed 8/11/2017. Forsgren Associates. 2002. Granger Rehabilitation Study Phase II. December. Glover, T. 2011. Wyoming’s Industry and Occupational Projections Methodology 2011 to 2021. Draft document prepared by the Wyoming Department of Workforce Services Research and Planning. November. Green River Police Department. 2017. Personal Communication. August. Green River Solid Waste Division Website. 2012. Available at http://www.cityofgreenriver.org/index.aspx?NID=119. Accessed May 17, 2012. Green River, Wyoming. 2017. The Trona Industry in Sweetwater County. http://www.cityofgreenriver.org/index.aspx?NID=246

PR0828171057DEN 4-1 SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Grotta Marketing Research. 2011. An Analysis of the Economic Impact of the NHSFR July 14-24, 2011. Gillette, WY. September. Idaho Power and Rocky Mountain Power. 2012. Gateway West Transmission Line Project. Available at http://www.gatewaywestproject.com/project_info.aspx. Accessed June 5, 2012. IMPLAN. Data for 2015. Copyright 2017 Minnesota IMPLAN Group; CH2M, 2017. Infogroup. 2017. State Profile: Largest Employers: Wyoming. https://www.careerinfonet.org/oview6.asp?soccode=&stfips=56&from=State&id=11&nodeid=12, Accessed July 2017. J.R. Simplot Company. 2012. Personal communication with Mr. Darin Howe/Simplot regarding Smoky Canyon Mine. May 10. J.R. Simplot Company. 2012. Smoky Canyon Mine. Available at http://www.simplot.com/pdf/us_operations/SmokyCanyon.pdf. Karren, Hendrix, Stagg, Allen and Company (KHSA). 2010. City of Green River Annual Financial Audit. Kids Count Data Center (KCDC). 2012. K-12 Enrollment by State. Available at http://datacenter.kidscount.org/data/bystate/Rankings.aspx?state=WY&ind=3538. Accessed April 30, 2012. Memorial Hospital of Sweetwater County. 2017. About Website. http://www.sweetwatermemorial.com/about_us.aspx. Accessed 8/11/2017. Minnesota IMPLAN Group Website. 2012. Available at http://implan.com/V4/Index.php. National High School Finals Rodeo Association. 2017. Website. 2017. https://www.nhsra.com/. Accessed 8/10/2017. National High School Rodeo Association. 2017. General Information. https://www.nhsra.com/general- information/. Accessed 8/11/2017. National High School Rodeo Division (NHSRD). 2012. Website. Available at http://www.nhsra.com/nhsra/high-school-division.html. Accessed May 15, 2012. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). 2009. NRC Personal Communication dated September 28, 2009. Available at pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML1034/ML103480365.pdf. Accessed May 17, 2012. Oyster Ridge Music Festival. 2017. Hotel, Camping and Pet Information. http://www.oysterridgemusicfestival.com/hotelormf.html. Accessed September 5, 2017. PacifiCorp. 2012. Personal communication with Richard Goff/PacifiCorp regarding the Chokecherry and Sierra Madre Wind Energy Project. June 1. Pedersen Planning Consultants. 2009. Town of Granger Municipal Master Plan. March 10, 2009. Website: www.pedersenplanning.org. Pendersen Planning Consultants (PPC). 2009. Town of Granger Municipal Master Plan. Final. March 10. Power Company of Wyoming (PCW). 2010. Chokecherry and Sierra Madre Wind Energy Project Preliminary Transportation Management Plan for Revised Applicant Proposed Alternative. Prepared by PBS&J. August. Power Company of Wyoming (PCW). 2012. Putting Wind to Work for Carbon County: Chokecherry and Sierra Madre Wind Energy Project. Available at http://www.powercompanyofwyoming.com/. Purcell Consulting. 2010. Green River Basin Water Plan Technical Memoranda. Available at http://waterplan.state.wy.us/plan/green/techmemos/induse.html.

4-2 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Rawlins Interagency Dispatch Center (RWC). 2017. About Us. https://gacc.nifc.gov/rmcc/dispatch_centers/r2rwc/about_us.htm. Accessed July 2017. Rawlins Interagency Dispatch Center (RWC). U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), High Desert District. 2017. 2017 Wildland Fire Management Annual Operating Plan. https://gacc.nifc.gov/rmcc/dispatch_centers/r2rwc/Administrative/Plans_Guides/AOPs/D- 4%20AOP%202017%20Final%20Signed%20(1).pdf. Accessed July 2017. Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2017. U.S. Department of Commerce, http://www.bea.gov/regional/index.htm. Accessed July 2017 Rhodes, Naomi. 2017. Wyoming Office of Attorney General, Wyoming Peace Officers Standards and Training Commission. Personal Communication. July. Rock Springs City Council Website. 2012. Available at http://www.rswy.net/council/. Accessed June 2012. Rock Springs Fire Department (RSFD). 2012. Rock Springs Fire Department 2011 Annual Report. Rothberg, Tamburini, & Winsor, Inc. 2008. Preliminary Engineering Pretreatment Study, Town of Granger, Wyoming. Draft Report. Smith Travel Research, Inc. (STR). 2012. Home. Available at http://www.str.com/. Smith Travel Research. 2017. Custom Trend Report for Tronox. Job Number: 905065_SADIM. Created: August 14, 2017. Southern Wyoming - Wyoming Recovery Access Programs (SW WRAP) Website. 2012. Available at http://www.swwrap.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51:wrap- around&catid=35:features&Itemid=88. Accessed June 2012. Southwest Counseling Services. 2017. FAQs. https://www.swcounseling.org/faq.html. Accessed 8/11/2017. State of Wyoming. 2010. Long-Term Employment Projections by Industry: 2008-2013. April. http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/projections08_18/LTI_08_18.pdf State of Wyoming. 2010. Wyoming Statewide Long-Term Employment Projections by Industry: 2008- 2013. April. http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/projections08_18/LTI_08_18.pdf. State of Wyoming. 2011. Department of Family Services Local Offices. Wyoming Department of Family Services. https://211wyoming.communityos.org/zf/profile/service/id/783340. Accessed 8/17/2017. State of Wyoming. 2017. Wyoming Labor Market Information. (LMI). http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/LEWISMarch2017ECI. May. Accessed August 9, 2017. Sweetwater County Board of Commissioners. 2012. Website. Available at http://www.sweet.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=211. Accessed June 2012. Sweetwater County Board of Health. 2012. Website. 2012. Available at http://www.sweet.wy.us/DocumentCenter/Home/View/119. Accessed June 2012. Sweetwater County Comprehensive Plan. 2002. County Goals, Objectives & Implementation Strategies. Fall. Sweetwater County Fire District #1 (SCFD1). 2017. About Us. http://www.fd1fire.com/about.html. Accessed July 2017. Sweetwater County Fire District #1. 2017. About Us. http://www.fd1fire.com/about.html. Accessed July 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 4-3 SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Sweetwater County School District #1 (SCSD1). 2010. Sweetwater County School District Number One Facility Plan – March 2009. Updated July 27, 2010. Sweetwater County School District #2. 2010. Sweetwater County School District Number Two Facility Plan – September 2009. Updated July 19, 2010. Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office (SCSO) Website. 2012. Available at http://www.sweet.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=90. Accessed May 15, 2012. Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office (SCSO). 2017. Sheriff’s Office. http://www.sweet.wy.us/index.aspx?nid=90. Accessed July 2017. Sweetwater County Sheriff’s Office. 2017. Stickney, Patricia. Personal Communication. August. Sweetwater County Solid Waste Disposal District #1 (SCSWDD1) Website. 2012. Available at http://swswdd1.com/. Accessed May 17, 2012. Sweetwater County. 2008. Resolution 02-12-CC-04 Language Amendment to the Sweetwater County Zoning Resolution – Nuisance Regulations. December 16, 2008. 7 pages. Sweetwater County. 2012. Sweetwater Events Center. Available at http://www.sweetwaterevents.com/WebPage119.aspx. Sweetwater County. 2012. The Zoning Resolution of Sweetwater County. Revised March 2012. 262 pages. Sweetwater County. 2016. Sweetwater County Mill Levy Sheet 2016. Downloaded from https://www.sweet.wy.us/DocumentCenter/View/1802. August 21, 2017. Sweetwater County. 2017a. Ambulance Service Board. https://www.sweet.wy.us/index.aspx?NID=431. Accessed July 2017. Sweetwater Medics. 2016. Home. http://www.sweetwatermedics.com/. Accessed July 2017. TRC Environmental Corporation. 2011. Biological survey report for FMC Corporation’s four project areas, Granger Permit 454 Boundary, Sweetwater, Wyoming. November 2011. 10 pp. + append TRC Environmental Corporation. 2012. Federally Listed Species Assessment for FMC Corporations’ Granger Optimization Project, Sweetwater County, Wyoming. Letter report from Jan Hart, TRC, to Julie Lutz, FMC. April 18, 2012. 8 pages. U.S. Census Bureau (USCB). 2015a. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Population from Table DP05 “2015 ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates.” American FactFinder Community Facts (Advanced Search for Study Area Communities). http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml. Accessed July 19, 2017. U.S. Census Bureau (USCB). 2015b. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Units for Rent from File B25004: VACANCY STATUS - Universe: Vacant housing units. American FactFinder Community Facts (Advanced Search for Study Area Communities). http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml. Accessed July 19, 2017. U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies. 2009. On the Map Inflow/ Outflow Analysis Tool, 2009 Laramie County Inflow/ Outflow Data. Available at http://lehdmap.did.census.gov/. Accessed January 2012. U.S. Census Bureau. 2000. 2000 Census Summary File 1: Age Group and Sex. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP1 &prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2010. Census 2010 Quickfacts. Accessed February 2012.

4-4 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 4 – REFERENCES U.S. Census Bureau. 2010a. 2010 Census, Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – Wyoming – Place and County Subdivision. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_GCTP H1.ST10&prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2011. 2010 Population Data. American FactFinder. Available at http://factfinder.census.gov. Accessed January 2012. U.S. Census Bureau. 2012. The 2012 Statistical Abstract. Available at http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/. U.S. Census Bureau. 2013. On the Map Home and Work Destination Analysis Tool for Sweetwater, WY. https://onthemap.ces.census.gov/. Accessed 7/24/2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05 &prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05 &prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. American Community Survey Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP05 &prodType=table. Accessed July 2017. U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. DP04: SELECTED HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS. American FactFinder Community Facts (Advanced Search for Study Area Communities). http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml. Accessed 7/30/2017. U.S. Department of Justice (US DOJ), Criminal Justice Information Services Division. 2013. Summary Reporting System User Manual. https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=d3lvLmdvdnxkY2ktLS1wdWJsaWN8Z3g6NzEwZT NhMDg2NDM3MjM2. Accessed July 2017. U.S. News and World Report. 2012. Home. Available at http://www.usnews.com. U.S. News and World Report. 2017. Hospitals Rankings and Ratings. Best Hospitals in Wyoming. http://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/wy. Accessed August 11, 2017. U.S.A. Cops. 2012. Website. Available at http://www.usacops.com/wy/s82001/index.html. Accessed February 2012. U.S.A. Cops. 2017. Wyoming. http://www.usacops.com/wy/. Accessed July 2017. University of Washington, Center for Health Workforce Studies. 2014. Wyoming’s Physician Workforce in 2014. http://depts.washington.edu/uwrhrc/uploads/WY_Phys_Workforce_2014.pdf accessed August, 2017. USFWS. 2012. Federal endangered, threatened, and candidate species and designated critical habitats that occur in or may be affected by projects in Sweetwater County, Wyoming. 2 pp. . Accessed March 1, 2012. Wamsley, James. 2010. The Path to Proficiency: Evaluation of Sweetwater County Fire District #1 NIMS Readiness. November.

PR0828171057DEN 4-5 SECTION 4 – REFERENCES WDH. 2017. Public Health Nursing County Offices. https://health.wyo.gov/publichealth/nursing/phn-co- offices/. Accessed 8/11/2017. Williams, David, Town of Granger Water and Wastewater Superintendent. 2008. Personal Communication, April-October. Granger, Wyoming. Wyoming Behavioral Institute Sweetwater County Clinic (WBI). 2011. 2011 Report. http://www.wbihelp.com/downloads/WBI_2011_BR.pdf. Accessed June 2012. Wyoming Community Development Authority (WCDA). 2011. Wyoming Housing Database Partnership Semiannual Report. Final Report. September 7. Wyoming Community Development Authority. 2011. The 2011 Wyoming Profile of Demographics, Economics, and Housing, Vol. 1, September 2011. Wyoming Community Development Authority. 2012. Housing Completion Report. Wyoming Housing Database Partnership. March 14. Available at http://www.wyomingcda.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=182&Itemid=11 Wyoming Community Development Authority. 2012. Wyoming Housing Needs Forecast. Wyoming Housing Database Partnership. March 15. Available at http://www.wyomingcda.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=182&Itemid=11. Wyoming Community Development Authority. 2016. The 2016 Wyoming Profile of Demographics, Economics, and Housing, Vol. 1 Final Report, Semiannual Report, ending December 31, 2016. http://www.wyomingcda.com/documents/Profile_2016B_Vol_I_Final.pdf. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (EAD). 2016. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Revenue Report. 41st Edition. October, 2016. Available online at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/s&utax/Report_FY16.pdf. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (WY EAD). 2007. 10-Year Outlook Wyoming Economic and Demographic Forecast 2007 to 2016, prepared by the Economic Analysis Division of the Wyoming Department of Administration and Information. 2007. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (WY EAD). 2010. Wyoming and County Population Projections by Age and Sex, 2011 – 2030. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (EAD). 2011. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Revenue Report 36th Edition, Cheyenne, Wyoming. October 2011. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (WY EAD). Historical Population Profile. 2011a. Available at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm. Accessed January 2012. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (WY EAD). Housing Profile. 2011b. Available at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/housing/Housing_Profile10.htm. Accessed January 2012. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (WY EAD). 2011. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties of Wyoming: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2011. Available at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/pop/CO-11est.pdf. Accessed July 2012. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (WY EAD). Economic Summary: 1Q2012. June. Available at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/wef/Economic_Summary1Q12.pdf.

4-6 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2013. Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2015. Population for Wyoming, Counties, Cities, and Towns: 2010 to 2040. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/pop/wyc&sc40.htm. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division. 2016. Wyoming County Profiles: Sweetwater County. http://eadiv.state.wy.us/Wy_facts/Sweetwater2016.htm. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Economic Analysis Division (EAD). 2016. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Revenue Report. October 28, 2016 Available online at http://eadiv.state.wy.us/s&utax/NEWSRLSE_fy16.pdf, accessed May, 2017. Wyoming Department of Administration and Information, Excise Tax Division. 2017. Wyoming Sales, Use and Lodging Tax Rates by Locality. Effective July 1, 2017. April 11, 2017. Available online at http://wyo- prop-div.wyo.gov/tax-districts/mill-levies-td, Accessed May, 2017. Wyoming Department of Education (WDE). Data Information and Reporting. Available at http://edu.wyoming.gov/DataInformationAndReporting/Student_Teacher_Ratio.aspx. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Department of Education (WDE). Education Statistics. Available at http://wdesecure.k12.wy.us/pls/warehouse/wde.district_profile.menu. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Department of Education (WDE). Wyoming Education Directory 2011-2012. Available at http://www.sw2.k12.wy.us/dist/. Accessed April 2012. Wyoming Department of Education. 2016. School Foundation. https://edu.wyoming.gov/beyond-the- classroom/school-programs/school-foundation/. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Education. 2017. 16:1 K-3 Student Teacher Ratio. https://edu.wyoming.gov/data/161-waiver/. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Education. 2017. Wyoming Statistical Report Series Stat 2 – School District Enrollment and Staffing Data. https://edu.wyoming.gov/data/statisticalreportseries-2/. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Education. 2017a. Wyoming Statistical Report Series Stat 2 – School District Enrollment and Staffing Data. https://edu.wyoming.gov/data/statisticalreportseries-2/. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Education. 2017b. Wyoming Statistical Report Series Stat 3 – School District Financial Profiles. 2015-16 Wyoming School Districts' Financial Reporting and Profile. https://portals.edu.wyoming.gov/Reports/Public/wde-reports-2012/finance/stat-3. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Employment Website. 2012. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/LAUS/0004aa.htm. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Department of Employment, Research & Planning (WY DOE). 2012. Commuting in Wyoming, 2005Q1 to 2011Q3. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/commute/2012/default.htm. Accessed June 2012. Wyoming Department of Employment, Research and Planning. 2012. Statewide Normalized Initial Claims by Industry in NAICS—Updated September 2011. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/ui/NAICS_Statewide_Initial.htm.

PR0828171057DEN 4-7 SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Wyoming Department of Employment, Research and Planning. 2012. UI -Tables – Initial Claims Chart. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/ui/NAICS_Statewide_Initial.htm. Wyoming Department of Employment, Research and Planning. 2017. Wyoming Quarterly Commuting Statistics, 1992Q1 to 2016Q3. March. http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/commute.htm. Wyoming Department of Employment. 2010. Wyoming Statewide Long-Term Employment Projections by Industry: 2008-2018. Wyoming Department of Employment. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/projections08_18/LTI_08_18.pdf. April. Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Wyoming Water Development Commission, Wyoming State Loan and Investment Board. 2017. Drinking Water State Revolving Fund FY 2018 Intended Use Plan. http://deq.wyoming.gov/wqd/state-revolving-loan-fund/resources/1-srf-forms-and-guidance/. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Fire Prevention and Electrical Safety. 2014. Wyoming Fire Incident Reporting System, WFIRS. 2014 Wyoming Fire Report. http://wsfm.wyo.gov/training/wfirs. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Department of Fire Prevention and Electrical Safety. 2016. Wyoming State Fire Service Directory. http://wsfm.wyo.gov/training/fire-service-directory. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Department of Health. 2009. Status of Primary Care Provider Workforce. Wyoming Office of Rural Health. June. Wyoming Department of Health. 2012. Emergency Medical Services. Available at http://www.health.wyo.gov/sho/ems/index.html. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR) 2016. Annual Report. Available online at https://sites.google.com/a/wyo.gov/wy-dor/dor-annual-reports, Accessed on May 2017. Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR). 2010. Chapter 6, Ad Valorem and Severance Taxes on Mineral Production. Available at http://soswy.state.wy.us/Rules/RULES/6139.pdf. December. Wyoming Department of Revenue (WDOR). 2011. Wyoming State Government Annual Report 2010 - 2011. Available at http://revenue.state.wy.us/PortalVBVS/uploads/DOR%20Annual%20Report%202011.pdf. Wyoming Department of Revenue, Property Tax Division. 2016. 2016 Wyoming State Map School Districts. http://cama.state.wy.us/districts/mapdocs/PDF/STASCD16.PDF. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Department of Workforce Services (WDWS). 2008–2010. Research and Planning Wyoming Non-Agricultural Wage and Salary Employment (2008 –2012). Available online at: http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy8.htm http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy9.htm; http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy10.htm http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy11.htm; http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/CES/nawy12.htm. Wyoming Department of Workforce Services Research and Planning. 2012. Wyoming Benefits Survey 2011. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/benefits2011/benefits2011.pdf. Wyoming Department of Workforce Services Research and Planning. 2012. Wyoming Occupational Projections 2011 to 2021. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/projections/WY_Occ_Proj_2011_2021.pdf. Accessed May 2012. Wyoming Department of Workforce Services. 2016. Wyoming Benefits survey for 2015. http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/benefits/benefits_2015.pdf. Accessed August 10, 2017. Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD). 2010. State Wildlife Action Plan. 890 pages. Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP) Website. 2012. Available at http://www.whp.dot.state.wy.us/wydot/contact_info/ports_of_entry. Accessed May 15, 2012.

4-8 PR0828171057DEN SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP). 2013a. Port of Entry. http://www.whp.dot.state.wy.us/home/ports.html. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Highway Patrol. 2013b. District and Division Locations. http://www.whp.dot.state.wy.us/home/contact_info/division_office_locations.html. Accessed July 2017.

Wyoming Housing Database Partnership. 2017. Final Report Wyoming Profile – Volume I 622. March 10. Wyoming Labor Market Information Website. Available at http://doe.state.wy.us/lmi/. Wyoming Natural Diversity Database (WYNND). 2012. Database search for the T19-20N, R110-111W, T21N R110W, Sweetwater County. Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, Laramie, Wyoming. Unpublished data. 10 pp. Wyoming Occupational Employment and Wages. 2017. Southwest Region and State Data for Iron and Steel Workers. March. Wyoming Office of Attorney General. 2011. Crime in Wyoming: Annual Report January through December 2010. Office of Attorney General, Cheyenne, Wyoming. Available at http://attorneygeneral.state.wy.us/. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Office of Attorney General. 2012. Crime in Wyoming: Annual Report January through December 2011. Office of Attorney General, Cheyenne, Wyoming. Available at http://attorneygeneral.state.wy.us/dci/pdf/2011_Annual_Report.pdf. Wyoming Office of Homeland Security. 2017. County Coordinators. http://wyohomelandsecurity.state.wy.us/counties.aspx. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Office of Homeland Security. 2017. Regional Emergency Response Teams. http://wyohomelandsecurity.state.wy.us/RERT.aspx. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2012. Certified Territory Maps. Available at http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2015a. Wyoming Electric Certificated Areas. http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Public Service Commission. 2015b. Wyoming Gas Certificated Areas. http://psc.state.wy.us/pscdocs/CertTerrMap.html. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Quarterly Commuting Statistics, 1992Q1 to 2016Q3. Source: Research & Planning, Wyoming Department of Workforce Services. http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/commute.htm. Published March 2017. Wyoming School Facilities Division. 2013a. Commission History. http://sfd.wyo.gov/commission/history. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming School Facilities Division. 2013b. About the SFD. http://sfd.wyo.gov/sfd. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming School Facilities Division. 2017. Report to the Select Committee on School Facilities, June 19, 2017. https://drive.google.com/file/d/0ByvOqQq1kxhzTTA3ZE45bmJmS3M/view. Accessed August 2017 from http://sfd.wyo.gov/sfd/sfd-reports. Wyoming State Attorney General’s Office, Division of Criminal Investigation. 2016. 2016 Annual Report – Crime in Wyoming. http://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/dci-criminal-justice-information-systems- section/uniform-crime-reporting. Accessed July 2017.

PR0828171057DEN 4-9 SECTION 4 – REFERENCES Wyoming State Attorney General’s Office, Division of Criminal Investigation. 2016. 2016 Annual Report – Crime in Wyoming. http://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/dci-criminal-justice-information-systems- section/uniform-crime-reporting. Accessed July 2017. Wyoming State Fire Marshal. 2010. Wyoming Fire Report 2010. Available at http://wyofire.state.wy.us/pdf/. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming State Fire Marshal. 2011. Fire Service Directory 2011. Available at http://wyofire.state.wy.us/pdf/Directory.pdf. Accessed February 2012. Wyoming Tribute Eagle. 2011. Too many students, too few classrooms. Available at http://www.wyomingnews.com/articles/2011/09/02/news/01top_09-02-11.prt. September 1. Wyoming Water Development Commission. 2016. State of Wyoming 2016 Public Water System Survey Report. http://wwdc.state.wy.us/surveys/pws.html. Accessed August 2017. Wyoming Workforce Development Council. The Road to Work: Commuting in Wyoming. Available at http://www.wyowdc.org/. Wyoming, DWS. 2014. Construction Labor Shortages in Wyoming and the Nation. Research and Planning, PO Box 2760, Casper, Wyoming, 82602. Downloaded from http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/w_r_research/constr_2014.pdf. Accessed August 9, 2017.

4-10 PR0828171057DEN

Appendix A Housing Commitment Summary and Correspondence

APPENDIX A GOP Housing Commitments, August 2017

Table A-1. Temporary Housing Locations that Provided Commitments or Probable Commitments Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Temporary Housing Community Type No. of No. Rooms Preliminary Commitment Facility Rooms Committed, Status (As of August 2017) Initially

Antler Motel Kemmerer Hotel 49 After standard Commitment occupancy

Baymont Inn & Suites Rock Hotel 130 50 Commitment Springs

Best Western Plus Fossil Kemmerer Hotel 80 30 Commitment Country Inn & Suites

Coachman Inn Green River Hotel 35 17 Commitment

Cody Motel Rock Hotel 39 6 Commitment Springs

Days Inn Rock Hotel 110 40 Commitment Springs

Econo Lodge Rock Hotel 92 50 Commitment Springs

Economy Guest Village Rock Hotel 80 Negotiable Commitment Springs

Foothills Mobile Home & Kemmerer RV Park/ 63 45 Commitment RV Park Campground

Fort Bridger RV Park Fort Bridger RV Park 38 16 Commitment

Hampton Inn & Suites Green River Hotel 106 Negotiable Commitment

Hampton Inn & Suites Rock Hotel 70 15 Commitment Springs

Holiday Inn Express Rock Hotel 170 Negotiable Commitment Springs

Homewood Suites by Rock Hotel 84 15 Commitment Hilton Springs

Motel 8 Rock Hotel 91 Negotiable Commitment Springs

My Place Hotel Rock Rock Hotel 64 27 Commitment Springs Springs

Quality Inn Rock Hotel 103 After Standard Commitment Springs Occupancy

Rock Springs/Green River Rock RV Park/ 55 Negotiable Commitment KOA Springs Campground

PR0828171057DEN A-1 APPENDIX A HOUSING COMMITMENT SUMMARY AND CORRESPONDENCE

Table A-1. Temporary Housing Locations that Provided Commitments or Probable Commitments Granger Optimization Project, Granger, Wyoming Socioeconomic Impact Analysis Report – September 2017 Saddle Lite Motel Rock Hotel 16 5 Commitment Springs

Super 8 Evanston Hotel 80 Negotiable Commitment

Super 8 Green River Hotel 35 After Standard Commitment Occupancy

Tex’s Travel Camp (RV) Green River RV Park/ 67 After Standard Commitment Campground Occupancy

Wagon Wheel Motel Fort Bridger Hotel 25 Negotiable Commitment

High Desert RV Park Rock Hotel 22 After Standard Commitment after Regular Springs Occupancy Booking

Clarion Hotel Rock Hotel 150 Negotiable Probable Springs

Little Bear Motel Green River Hotel 30 Negotiable Probable

Motel 6 Evanston Hotel Probable

Motel 6 Rock Hotel 99 Negotiable Probable Springs

Mustang Motel Green River Hotel 14 Negotiable Probable

Oak Tree Inn Green River Hotel 190 After Standard Probable Occupancy

Phillips RV Park (RV) Evanston RV Park/ 56 Probable Campground

Skyline Village (RV) Rock RV Park/ 305 Negotiable Probable Springs Campground

Western Inn Green River Hotel 31 After Standard Probable Occupancy

The Hams Fork Grill and Kemmerer RV Park/ 17 After Standard Probable RV Park Campground Occupancy

A-2 PR0828171057DEN APPENDIX A HOUSING COMMITMENT SUMMARY AND CORRESPONDENCE

Table A-2 Cumulative Non-Local Construction Workforce Estimate April 2018 to March 2021

TransWest Express Invenergy Uinta PacifiCorp CCSM Gateway West Transmission Project Jonah Energy NPL Project Transmission Project Wind Energy Project Power Plant(s) Tronox Maintenance Granger Number Total Peak Non-Local Number in Number Sweetwater Non-Local Number Number Outages Tronox Non- Total Peak in AOI Workforce Workforce AOI Total Peak in AOI Solar Total Peak Workforce in AOI Total Peak in AOI and Oil & Gas Time Period Granger Jurisdictional Workforce (10%) EPC 1 & 2 (80%) (34%) Workforce (50%) Project Workforce (80%) (5%) Workforce (25%) Projects Total 2nd Q 2018 35 0 97 10 0 0 0 370 185 100 1000 800 40 100 25 100 495 3rd Q 2018 89 0 382 38 0 0 0 370 185 100 1000 800 40 150 38 100 590 4th Q 2018 206 0 174 17 0 0 0 370 185 100 1000 800 40 100 25 100 673 1st Q 2019 201 34 26 3 150 120 41 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 703 2nd Q 2019 233 34 347 35 150 120 41 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 768 3rd Q 2019 204 0 942 94 350 280 95 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 818 4th Q 2019 153 0 405 41 350 280 95 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 714 1st Q 2020 143 0 45 5 350 280 95 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 668 2nd Q 2020 139 0 334 33 750 600 204 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 801 3rd Q 2020 41 0 883 88 750 600 204 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 758 4th Q 2020 16 0 381 38 350 280 95 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 574 1st Q 2021 11 0 12 1 350 280 95 370 185 100 1000 800 40 0 0 100 532 Average 675 Sources of Information: 1. Tronox Granger and Granger Non-Jurisdictional based on data from Tronox and CH2M regarding project schedule and estimated workforce. 2. CCSM based on updated schedule and workforce estimates in quarterly report filed by PCW in July 2017 to WDEQ-ISD. Percent in AOI based on CH2M estimate of workforce distribution. 3. Gateway West schedule based on latest PacifCorp IRP estimate with workforce projections from the July 2011 EIS workforce graphs for EPC #1 and EPC #2. 34% Factor based on percentage of route segments in Tronocx Granger AOI. 4. The Jonah Energy LLC NPL Project workforce and schedule are based on draft EIS published by BLM in July 2017. Percent in AOI based on CH2M estimate of workforce distribution. 5. Sweetwater Solar based on data provided by company, information on the BLM project site, and discussion with the Sweetwater County Planning Department. CH2M estimated a conservative 50% of the peak workforce of 200 in all Tronox project quarters based on the lack of a defined schedule for the solar project. 6. TransWest schedule and workforce information is from company website and BLM project site. Percent in AOI based on CH2M estimate of workforce distribution. 7. Invenergy Uinta Wind Energy Project schedule and workforce information from company and county websites. Percent in AOI based on CH2M estimate of workforce distribution. 8. CH2M estimated potential non-local workforce for PacifiCorp power plant and Oil & Gas development projects.

PR0828171057DEN A-3

Appendix B Impact Assistance Calculations

APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

1 July 04 21,059 1,569 22,628 973,378 163,063 1,136,441 1,159,069

2 Aug 04 29,591 2,775 32,366 1,242,399 266,454 1,508,853 1,541,219

3 Sep 04 29,939 2,204 32,143 1,333,278 220,950 1,554,228 1,586,371

4 Oct O4 29,537 2,363 31,900 1,159,822 172,942 1,332,764 1,364,664

5 Nov 04 29,986 2,693 32,679 1,336,445 253,737 1,590,182 1,622,861

6 Dec 04 26,967 2,646 29,613 1,193,723 232,654 1,426,377 1,455,990

7 Jan 05 24,778 2,010 26,788 1,136,994 172,615 1,309,609 1,336,397

8 Feb 05 26,639 1,867 28,506 1,380,795 156,430 1,537,225 1,565,731

9 Mar 05 29,513 2,454 31,967 1,399,176 191,850 1,591,026 1,622,993

10 Apr 05 22,995 2,392 25,387 1,220,081 191,831 1,411,912 1,437,299

11 May 05 26,693 3,843 30,536 1,499,967 286,907 1,786,874 1,817,410

12 Jun 05 27,820 3,324 31,144 1,272,341 274,929 1,547,270 1,578,414

13 Jul 05 26,793 3,081 29,874 1,277,537 318,883 1,596,420 1,626,294

14 Aug 05 43,046 3,600 46,646 1,894,993 313,405 2,208,398 2,255,044

15 Sep 05 31,328 3,152 34,480 1,313,282 279,917 1,593,199 1,627,679

16 Oct 05 35,716 3,276 38,992 1,381,046 330,372 1,711,418 1,750,410

17 Nov 05 31,542 3,117 34,659 1,211,707 324,069 1,535,776 1,570,435

18 Dec 05 29,940 3,242 33,182 1,465,389 261,140 1,726,529 1,759,711

19 Jan 06 30,891 2,462 33,353 1,537,065 240,695 1,777,760 1,811,113

20 Feb 06 33,317 3,260 36,577 1,648,912 235,227 1,884,139 1,920,716

21 Mar 06 37,264 2,794 40,058 1,834,743 211,215 2,045,958 2,086,016

22 Apr 06 24,044 2,707 26,751 1,437,698 236,050 1,673,748 1,700,499

PR0828171057DEN B-1 APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

23 May 06 36,597 5,708 42,305 1,947,953 381,804 2,329,757 2,372,062

24 Jun 06 35,290 4,828 40,118 1,718,325 280,203 1,998,528 2,038,646

25 Jul 06 32,204 3,637 35,841 1,551,406 289,528 1,840,934 1,876,775

26 Aug 06 47,294 5,788 53,082 2,280,682 505,944 2,786,626 2,839,708

27 Sep 06 36,883 4,546 41,429 2,034,206 223,035 2,257,241 2,298,670

28 Oct 06 36,682 5,400 42,082 1,671,987 444,159 2,116,146 2,158,228

29 Nov 06 43,894 6,509 50,403 1,982,944 370,348 2,353,292 2,403,695

30 Dec 06 33,188 5,146 38,334 1,842,155 509,146 2,351,301 2,389,635

31 Jan 07 37,723 4,404 42,127 1,816,218 27,972 1,844,190 1,886,317

32 Feb 07 35,343 5,035 40,378 1,847,869 381,227 2,229,096 2,269,474

33 Mar 07 33,061 4,061 37,122 1,842,961 404,711 2,247,672 2,284,794

34 Apr 07 30,495 3,481 33,976 1,658,865 209,293 1,868,158 1,902,134

35 May 07 37,735 5,201 42,936 2,282,429 369,540 2,651,969 2,694,905

36 June 07 30,899 4,116 35,015 1,625,030 345,958 1,970,988 2,006,003

37 July 07 38,102 6,304 44,406 1,991,634 1,084,337 3,075,971 3,120,377

38 Aug 07 44,726 6,763 51,489 1,869,079 604,755 2,473,834 2,525,323

39 Sep 07 39,880 2,638 42,518 1,753,370 149,756 1,903,126 1,945,644

40 Oct 07 43,701 10,705 54,406 1,979,494 765,106 2,744,600 2,799,006

41 Nov 07 40,695 4,078 44,773 1,589,988 338,622 1,928,610 1,973,383

42 Dec 07 35,077 5,290 40,367 1,770,662 363,285 2,133,947 2,174,314

43 Jan 08 37,749 4,611 42,360 1,796,514 275,161 2,071,675 2,114,035

44 Feb 08 39,508 6,298 45,806 2,045,031 399,370 2,444,401 2,490,207

B-2 PR0828171057DEN APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

45 Mar 08 34,546 4,636 39,182 1,606,739 322,565 1,929,304 1,968,486

46 Arp 08 34,093 3,396 37,489 1,521,645 342,783 1,864,428 1,901,917

47 May 08 38,257 5,519 43,776 1,853,518 394,207 2,247,725 2,291,501

48 Jun 08 36,646 4,370 41,016 1,567,195 279,494 1,846,689 1,887,705

49 Jul 08 35,926 3,773 39,699 1,506,413 243,166 1,749,579 1,789,278

50 Aug 08 51,500 6,242 57,742 2,304,519 468,245 2,772,764 2,830,506

51 Sep 08 49,413 5,344 54,757 2,070,202 556,169 2,626,371 2,681,128

52 Oct 08 49,112 5,201 54,313 2,273,152 394,426 2,667,578 2,721,891

53 Nov 08 41,678 5,389 47,067 2,423,010 426,805 2,849,815 2,896,882

54 Dec 08 39,746 5,143 44,889 1,797,666 538,948 2,336,614 2,381,503

55 Jan 09 37,307 4,560 41,867 1,833,551 289,619 2,123,170 2,165,037

56 Feb 09 46,148 5,517 51,665 2,383,859 358,200 2,742,059 2,793,724

57 Mar 09 34,909 6,797 41,706 1,684,547 251,373 1,935,920 1,977,626

58 Apr 09 33,889 5,943 39,832 1,755,016 239,264 1,994,280 2,034,112

59 May 09 26,999 3,994 30,993 1,242,277 273,321 1,515,598 1,546,591

60 Jun 09 30,208 3,480 33,688 1,432,817 271,543 1,704,360 1,738,048

61 Jul 09 33,794 6,022 39,816 1,504,783 336,399 1,841,182 1,880,998

62 Aug 09 34,291 3,308 37,599 1,343,298 130,282 1,473,580 1,511,179

63 Sep 09 32,994 4,477 37,471 1,406,188 260,904 1,667,092 1,704,563

64 Oct 09 31,151 3,847 34,998 1,260,486 269,629 1,530,115 1,565,113

65 Nov 09 35,726 3,548 39,274 1,583,030 243,140 1,826,170 1,865,444

66 Dec 09 32,735 3,267 36,002 1,338,304 216,394 1,554,698 1,590,700

PR0828171057DEN B-3 APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

67 Jan 10 26,247 3,784 30,031 1,313,571 280,858 1,594,429 1,624,460

68 Feb 10 30,969 861 31,830 1,381,654 241,359 1,623,013 1,654,843

69 Mar 10 30,394 3,085 33,479 1,456,602 326,506 1,783,108 1,816,587

70 Apr 10 27,940 3,397 31,337 1,527,233 305,078 1,832,311 1,863,648

71 May 10 29,111 3,865 32,976 1,440,463 527,430 1,967,893 2,000,869

72 Jun 10 32,692 4,266 36,958 1,404,861 397,861 1,802,722 1,839,680

73 Jul 10 29,563 5,504 35,067 1,176,598 219,313 1,395,911 1,430,978

74 Aug 10 41,059 4,388 45,447 1,783,679 336,454 2,120,133 2,165,580

75 Sep 10 32,801 4,041 36,842 1,288,856 205,598 1,494,454 1,531,296

76 Oct 10 39,501 7,478 46,979 1,573,522 363,522 1,937,044 1,984,023

77 Nov 10 40,103 4,817 44,920 1,900,959 307,087 2,208,046 2,252,966

78 Dec 10 30,491 3,203 33,694 1,347,773 251,754 1,599,527 1,633,221

79 Jan 11 38,411 5,324 43,735 1,625,695 340,597 1,966,292 2,010,027

80 Feb 11 32,382 4,154 36,536 1,420,699 318,085 1,738,784 1,775,320

81 Mar 11 33,347 3,902 37,249 1,400,755 416,483 1,817,238 1,854,487

82 Apr 11 28,207 3,548 31,755 1,310,959 249,636 1,560,595 1,592,350

83 May 11 35,262 4,836 40,098 1,589,529 352,365 1,941,894 1,981,992

84 Jun 11 36,429 4,540 40,969 1,498,056 327,602 1,825,658 1,866,627

85 Jul 11 29,344 4,509 33,853 1,226,457 267,508 1,493,965 1,527,818

86 Aug 11 49,600 5,555 55,155 2,285,514 387,208 2,672,722 2,727,877

87 Sept 11 43,559 5,064 48,623 1,535,142 612,641 2,147,783 2,196,406

88 Oct 11 40,906 4,963 45,869 1,713,028 336,291 2,049,319 2,095,188

B-4 PR0828171057DEN APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

89 Nov 11 45,225 6,040 51,265 1,889,400 301,919 2,191,319 2,242,584

90 Dec 11 35,887 4,641 40,528 1,780,696 329,648 2,110,344 2,150,872

91 Jan 12 42,647 4,366 47,013 1,753,845 343,848 2,097,693 2,144,706

92 Feb 12 43,870 4,515 48,385 2,145,056 230,656 2,375,712 2,424,097

93 Mar 12 33,556 4,373 37,929 1,706,297 468,295 2,174,592 2,212,521

94 Apr 12 37,799 4,473 42,272 1,771,822 359,357 2,131,179 2,173,451

95 May 12 37,489 5,515 43,004 1,812,499 239,460 2,051,959 2,094,963

96 Jun 12 33,444 5,091 38,535 1,597,065 338,208 1,935,273 1,973,808

97 July 12 37,617 4,512 42,129 1,751,130 338,569 2,089,699 2,131,828

98 Aug 12 47,798 6,560 54,358 1,974,686 357,036 2,331,722 2,386,080

99 Sep 12 38,521 4,119 42,640 1,569,316 296,615 1,865,931 1,908,571

100 Oct 12 41,094 4,646 45,740 1,483,558 241,235 1,724,793 1,770,533

101 Nov 12 43,535 4,852 48,387 1,794,754 334,285 2,129,039 2,177,426

102 Dec 12 33,451 5,289 38,740 1,184,176 432,312 1,616,488 1,655,228

103 Jan 13 40,013 4,311 44,324 1,735,946 390,664 2,126,610 2,170,934

104 Feb 13 34,412 4,020 38,432 1,543,885 280,915 1,824,800 1,863,232

105 Mar 13 32,200 3,171 35,371 1,627,668 260,840 1,888,508 1,923,879

106 Apr 13 36,403 4,188 40,591 1,614,112 357,039 1,971,151 2,011,742

107 May 13 34,703 4,415 39,118 1,465,832 322,328 1,788,160 1,827,278

108 Jun 13 32,846 5,190 38,036 600,329 799,489 1,399,818 1,437,854

109 July 13 43,629 5,563 49,192 1,561,580 502,643 2,064,223 2,113,415

110 Aug 13 38,429 7,745 46,174 536,473 1,533,906 2,070,379 2,116,553

PR0828171057DEN B-5 APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

111 Sep 13 44,415 5,438 49,853 1,682,225 384,024 2,066,249 2,116,102

112 Oct 13 47,690 5,082 52,772 1,418,900 386,629 1,805,529 1,858,301

113 Nov 13 35,740 5,222 40,962 1,380,988 427,491 1,808,479 1,849,441

114 Dec 13 37,103 5,188 42,291 1,455,077 315,396 1,770,473 1,812,764

115 Jan 14 43,844 5,812 49,656 1,526,506 463,533 1,990,039 2,039,695

116 Feb 14 36,342 11,352 47,694 1,308,882 399,240 1,708,122 1,755,816

117 Mar 14 35,983 3,554 39,537 1,328,432 286,059 1,614,491 1,654,028

118 Apr 14 40,619 5,006 45,625 1,433,042 331,544 1,764,586 1,810,211

119 May 14 37,749 5,479 43,228 1,270,092 334,773 1,604,865 1,648,093

120 Jun 14 41,427 5,332 46,759 1,278,042 378,597 1,656,639 1,703,398

121 Jul 14 47,616 6,361 53,977 1,478,711 353,098 1,831,809 1,885,786

122 Aug 14 44,915 6,870 51,785 1,297,958 332,554 1,630,512 1,682,297

123 Sep 14 51,820 6,727 58,547 1,384,637 463,795 1,848,432 1,906,979

124 Oct 14 51,079 7,105 58,184 1,373,536 531,437 1,904,973 1,963,157

125 Nov 14 43,945 6,164 50,109 1,365,881 441,489 1,807,370 1,857,479

126 Dec 14 42,145 6,184 48,329 1,519,711 400,767 1,920,478 1,968,807

127 Jan 15 46,469 5,857 52,326 1,773,168 578007 2,351,175 2,403,501

128 Feb 15 43,439 6,084 49,523 1,459,044 368017 1,827,061 1,876,584

129 Mar 15 38,689 4,598 43,287 1,217,683 350288 1,567,971 1,611,258

130 Apr 15 37,318 5,706 43,024 1,193,813 421827 1,615,640 1,658,664

131 May 15 33,780 5,483 39,263 1,157,037 422875 1,579,912 1,619,175

132 Jun 15 35,566 5,120 40,686 1,177,674 402470 1,580,144 1,620,830

B-6 PR0828171057DEN APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

133 Jul 15 38,163 5,430 43,593 1,040,742 453678 1,494,420 1,538,013

134 Aug 15 41,614 5,739 47,353 1,209,127 458714 1,667,841 1,715,194

135 Sep 15 43,272 5,611 48,883 1,299,220 562937 1,862,157 1,911,040

136 Oct 15 38,328 6,308 44,636 1,222,358 625630 1,847,988 1,892,624

137 Nov 15 37,059 4,985 42,044 1,203,949 109698 1,313,647 1,355,691

138 Dec 15 33,139 4,727 37,866 1,194,989 512258 1,707,247 1,745,113

139 Jan 16 33,155 4,211 37,366 1,176,612 428,967 1,605,579 1,642,945

140 Feb 16 29,467 4,185 33,652 1,038,234 434,746 1,472,980 1,506,632

141 Mar 16 28,702 3,579 32,281 1,125,623 352,932 1,478,555 1,510,836

142 Apr 16 25,935 3,771 29,706 909,332 443,263 1,352,595 1,382,301

143 May 16 26,313 4,644 30,957 1,004,850 420,081 1,424,931 1,455,888

144 Jun 16 28,105 4,210 32,315 1,096,405 398,295 1,494,700 1,527,015

145 Jul 16 32,147 3,569 35,716 974,208 291,906 1,266,114 1,301,830

146 Aug 16 35,784 4,630 40,414 1,144,967 434,236 1,579,203 1,619,617

147 Sep 16 34,763 4,066 38,829 1,097,986 378,766 1,476,752 1,515,581

148 Oct 16 34,557 5,494 40,051 1,045,709 393,525 1,439,234 1,479,285

149 Nov 16 30,029 3,525 33,554 1,063,459 386,913 1,450,372 1,483,926

150 Dec 16 26,506 3,675 30,181 960,824 373,036 1,333,860 1,364,041

151 Jan 17 33,262 4,022 37,284 1,154,864 371,624 1,526,488 1,563,772

152 Feb 17 27,709 3,206 30,915 931,601 291,185 1,222,786 1,253,701

153 Mar 17 26,909 2,809 29,718 917,523 312,103 1,229,626 1,259,344

154 Apr 17 29,000 3,879 32,879 941,686 356,013 1,297,699 1,330,578

PR0828171057DEN B-7 APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

History of State Sales and Use Tax Given to Sweetwater County Governments State Share Given State Share Given to Muni’s

Serial Month Sales Use Total Sales Use Total Total

155 May 17 30,149 4,045 34,194 1,148,265 447,599 1,595,864 1,630,058

156 Jun 17 31,760 4,338 36,098 1,159,072 458,350 1,617,422 1,653,520

Base Period Amount = 1,454,604

3,500,000 3,000,000

2,500,000 2,000,000

1,500,000 1,000,000

500,000 0

State Sales & Use Taxes Returned to Sweetwater County Governments

Forecast of Impact Assistance Payments Serial Month SLR BasePeriod Impact Assistance

157 July 17 1,479,079 1,454,604 24,475

158 Aug 17 1,482,845 1,454,604 28,240

159 Sep 17 1,486,610 1,454,604 32,005

160 Oct 17 1,490,375 1,454,604 35,771

161 Nov 17 1,494,141 1,454,604 39,536

162 Dec 17 1,497,906 1,454,604 43,301

163 Jan 18 1,501,671 1,454,604 47,067

B-8 PR0828171057DEN APPENDIX B IMPACT ASSISTANCE CALCULATIONS

Forecast of Impact Assistance Payments Serial Month SLR BasePeriod Impact Assistance

164 Feb 18 1,505,437 1,454,604 50,832

165 Mar 18 1,509,202 1,454,604 54,598

166 Apr 18 1,512,967 1,454,604 58,363

167 May 18 1,516,733 1,454,604 62,128

168 Jun 18 1,520,498 1,454,604 65,894

Forecast average monthly impact assistance 45,184

Forecast yearly impact assistance 542,210

Forecast growth rate in sales & use tax 1.028

PR0828171057DEN B-9