DOCSLIB.ORG

Egyptian Culture

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Egyptian Culture Marshall High School Marshall High School Mr. Cline Mr. Cline Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Unit Two FC Unit Two FC * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • What's the first thing that comes to mind when you think of ancient Egypt? • For most people, it's the Great Pyramid and the Sphinx of Giza. • Ancient Egyptian architecture displays some of the most impressive and exquisite works of art in history. Understanding the motivation behind the construction of these monumental structures is imperative to understanding the culture of the ancient Egyptians. • Much of the art and architecture in ancient Egypt represents the belief in life after death and veneration of the gods. • Because there was very little wood available, stone and mud brick were used to construct most of the buildings. • Stone was generally preferred for temples and pyramids. • Houses were usually made out of mud brick. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • Most buildings contain flat roofs supported by external walls and columns. • Walls and columns were often covered in hieroglyphics, the writing system used in ancient Egypt. • Hieroglyphics consisted of pictures that represented sounds or words. • The Old Kingdom • We will now examine some architectural qualities from a few of these time periods. • It was during the Old Kingdom that some of the most famous structures were constructed, setting a standard for Egyptian art and for centuries to come. • It was during this time period that the Great Pyramid and the Sphinx were built. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • Structures called mastabas were built above underground burial tombs. • These structures were a single story with a flat top. • Mastabas also contained a chapel and a statue of the dead it housed. • These buildings would eventually be replaced by intricate pyramids to house the remains of the dead. • The first version of a pyramid is known as a step pyramid. • It was designed as several mastabas stacked on top of each other. • Step pyramids eventually developed into geometric pyramids. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • Giza held three pyramids: the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Pyramid of Khafre and the Pyramid of Menkaure. • The Great Pyramid was the largest of the three. • The Sphinx is situated on the east side of the complex. • The Middle Kingdom • During this time, pyramid-building remained popular. • Pharaohs, the ruling kings over Egypt, built pyramids to hold their elaborate tombs. • Like all Egyptians, pharaohs wanted to ensure they would be able to sustain their life in the afterlife. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • The New Kingdom • As Egypt gained more control over its landholdings, prosperity inspired the construction of monuments. • Much of this construction occurred in the current capital city of Thebes. • The most popular structure was the temple, as it represented the power of the priest class. • Many of the temples contained courtyards, hallways and other pathways used for rituals. • Temples contained many rooms. • Access to certain rooms was based on social class. • Temples were designed for varying purposes. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • Mortuary temples were built to honor the pharaoh, while cult temples were constructed to honor the gods. • Two of the most famous temple complexes (temple areas that contain more than one temple structure) are located in the area once known as Thebes. • The complex at Karnak is made up of four parts, named the Precinct of Montu, the Precinct of Mut, the Temple of Amenhotep IV and the Precinct of Amon-Re. • There are also several smaller temples located outside of the walls of the complex. This is one of the largest known complexes covering over one and a half square miles. • Equally as impressive, the temple complex at Luxor contains several impressive structures. • The complex contains several pylons (supportive gateways). * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • Ancient Egyptian Architecture • One is over 70 feet high and is situated behind enormous statues and obelisks (a tall four-sided monument, shaped like the Washington Monument in Washington, DC). • The complex's entrance contains a causeway that is lined with Sphinxes that once reached all the way to the temple complex at Karnak. • This road is known as the Avenue of Sphinxes. • Ancient Egyptian architecture contains some of the most massive and impressive structures from ancient history. • The size and detail seen in these monumental buildings is indicative of the massive impact the ancient Egyptians had during their time. • From huge pyramids to temple complexes that connected cities, Egyptians built amazing structures that impress people even today. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • Egyptians considered their earthly lives as temporary and their afterlife as permanent, focusing their architectural efforts on developing elaborate burial tombs. • Early royal tombs had been built on brick platforms called mastabas, pyramids during the reign of King Djoser (2630-2611 B.C.) * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • Djoser’s pyramid was a stepped stone structure designed by the architect Imhotep, but true pyramids were soon being built thereafter. • Pyramids were linked to the cult of the Sun God Ra, and their flared shape may have represented the rays of the Sun. • The most noteworthy of the pyramids was the 479 feet high Great Pyramid of King Khufu, and the slightly smaller pyramid of his successor Khephren at Giza. • The pyramids are as much a monument to the organizational ability of the early Egyptian civil service as to the kings themselves • The civil service was an extension of the royal household. • The highest official was the Vizier, who supervised the collection of taxes and the administration of justice * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • Below the Vizier was a staff of chancellors, quartermasters and scribes • For local government, Egypt was divided into provinces called nomes under governors called nomarchs who were born to royal or noble families • This royal household staff that constituted the kingdom’s bureaucracy was in charge of the organization of the labor that built the pyramids as well. • The Great Pyramid at Giza housed a skeleton crew of workers who labored on the Pyramids year-round. • But, during the late summer and early autumn months, when the Nile flooded surrounding fields, a large labor force would appear at Giza to put in time on the Pyramids. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • These farmers and local villagers gathered at Giza to work for their god-kings, to build their monuments to the hereafter. • This would ensure their own afterlife and would also benefit the future and prosperity of Egypt as a whole. • They may well have been willing workers, a labor force working for ample rations, for the benefit of man, king, and country. • Herodotus, the Greek historian, wrote that 100,000 workers built the Pyramids, while modern Egyptologists come up with a figure more like 20,000 or 30,000 workers. • One of the most compelling pieces of evidence of who built the pyramids is graffiti on ancient stone monuments in places that they didn't mean to be shown. * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • Like on foundations when archaeologists dig down below the floor level, up in the relieving chambers above the King's chamber in the Great Pyramid, and in many monuments of the Old Kingdom—temples, other pyramids. • The graffiti gives us a picture of organization where a gang of workmen was organized into two crews, and the crews were subdivided into five phyles. (Phyles is the Greek word for tribe.) • The phyles were subdivided into divisions, and the divisions are identified by single hieroglyphs with names that mean things like endurance, perfection, strong. • How do we know this? * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • How do we know this? • There is a block of stone in the relieving chambers above the King's chamber. The first thing you see there is this cartouche of a King and then some scrawls all in red paint after it. That's the gang name. • In the Old Kingdom in the time of the Pyramids of Giza, the gangs were named after kings. • So, for example, we have a name, compounded with the name of Menkaure, and it seems to translate "the Drunks (or the Drunkards) of Menkaure." • There's one that's well-attested, in the relieving chambers above the King's chamber in the Great Pyramid, "the Friends of Khufu Gang." This doesn't sound like slavery, does it? * The Gift of the Nile • Egyptian Culture • The Pyramids • In fact, it gets more intriguing, because in certain monuments you find the name of one gang on one side of the monument and another gang, it is assumed competing, on the other side of the monument. • Archaeologists find that to some extent in the Pyramid temple of Menkaure. It's as though these gangs are competing. So from this evidence it is deduced that there was a labor force that was assigned to respective crew, gang, phyles, and divisions. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Precinct of Mut at South Karnak
    COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL / FOR PROMOTIONALPURPOSE ONLY COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL / FOR PROMOTIONALPURPOSE ONLY COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL / FOR PROMOTIONALPURPOSE ONLY The American University in Cairo Press Cairo New York First published in 2021 by The American University in Cairo Press 113 Sharia Kasr el Aini, Cairo, Egypt One Rockefeller Plaza, 10th floor, New York, NY 10020 www.aucpress.com Copyright © 2021 by Richard A. Fazzini and Betsy M. Bryan All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Dar el Kutub No. 19391/19 ISBN 978 977 416 973 1 Dar el Kutub Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fazzini, Richard A. The Precinct of Mut at South Karnak: an Archeaological Guide, Richard A. Fazzini, Betsy M. Bryan.— Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2021. p. cm. ISBN 978 977 416 973 1 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL / FOR PROMOTIONALPURPOSE ONLY 1. Egypt, Antiquities I. Bryan, Betsy M. 932 1 2 3 4 5 25 24 23 22 21 Designed by Rafik Abousoliman Printed in China Table of Contents Who Was Mut? 7 Eye of Re Goddesses 7 Stories of Sekhmet and the Eye of Re 8 Sekhmet Statues 10 The Mut Precinct: Exploration 13 Tomb of Khabekhenet 14 Early Exploration 15 Modern Exploration 18 The Early Mut Precinct 19 The Precinct Entrance 21 Between the Propylon and the Mut Temple 22 The Horwedja Chapel 23 The Mut Temple 25 The Porches 26 The Hut-ka Chapel of Nesptah 27 COPYRIGHTED
    [Show full text]
  • Teacher's Guide for Calliope
    Teacher’s Guide for Calliope Majestic Karnak, Egypt’s Home of the Gods September 2009 Teacher’s Guide prepared by: Nancy Attebury, B.S. Elementary Ed., M.A. Children’s Literature. She is a children’s author from Oregon. In the Beginning pg. 4 (Drawing conclusions) Use pgs. 3 and 4 and the facts below to get answers. FACT: Karnak structures are north of Luxor today, but were inside the city of Thebes long ago. QUESTION 1: How would the area of Thebes compare in size to the city of Luxor? FACT: Karnak was the site of local festivals. QUESTION 2: What good would it do to have Karnak in the middle of Thebes instead of on the edge? FACT: King Montuhotep II, a 11th Dynasty king, conquered many centers of power. QUESTION 3: Why could Montuhotep II unify Egypt? FACT: Set and Horus poured “the waters of life” over the pharaoh Seti I. QUESTION 4: Why were the “waters of life” important to a ruler? Karnak Grows pg. 5 (Gathering information) Place Hatshepsut, Senwosret, Amenhotep III, Thurmose III, and Amenhotep I in the correct blanks. Ruler’s name What the ruler did Added a new temple to honor Mut, Amun’s wife. Added a building that became the Holy of Holies. It was called Akh-Menu Remodeled a temple that had been damaged by floodwaters. Made a temple four times larger than it was before. Destroyed the front of Senwosret’s old temple. A Beehive of Activity pg. 8 (Deducing) Use the article from p. 8 and the map plans on p.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019-Egypt-Skydive.Pdf
    Giza Pyramids Skydive Adventure February 15-19, 2019 “Yesterday we fell over the pyramids of Giza. Today we climbed into the King’s Chamber of the Great Pyramid. I could not think of any other way on (or above) the earth to experience all of the awe inspiring mysteries that this world has to offer.” JUMP Like a Pharaoh in 2019 Start making plans now for our first Tandem Jump Adventure over the Pyramids of Giza! Tandem Skydive over the Great Giza Pyramid, one of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World. Leap from an Egyptian military Hercules C-130 and land between the pyramids. No prior skydiving experience is necessary….just bring your sense of adventure! Skydive Egypt – Sample Itinerary February 15th-19th, 2019 Day 1, February 15 – Arrival Arrive in Cairo, Egypt at own expense Met by Incredible Adventures Representative Transfer to Mercure La Sphinx Hotel * Days 2, 3 - February 16 – 17 – Designated Jump Days** Arrive at Drop Zone Review and sign any necessary waivers Group briefing and equipment fitting Review of aircraft safety procedures and features Individual training with assigned tandem master Complete incredible Great Giza Tandem Skydive Day 4 (5) – February 18 (19) Free Day for Sightseeing & Jump Back-Up Day - Depart Egypt Note: Hotel room will be kept until check-out time on the 19th. American clients should plan to depart on an “overnight flight” leaving after midnight on the 18th. * Designated hotel may change, based on availability. Upgrade to the Marriott Mena for an additional fee. ** You’ll be scheduled in advance to tandem jump on Day 2 or 3, with Day 4 serving as a weather back-up day.
    [Show full text]
  • Two Semi Erased Kushite Cartouches in the Precinct of Mut at South Karnak
    two semi-erased kushite cartouches in the precinct of mut 95 TWO SEMIERASED KUSHITE CARTOUCHES IN THE PRECINCT OF MUT AT SOUTH KARNAK Richard A. Fazzini Brooklyn Museum William Murnane is perhaps best known for his of his theory: Claude Traunecker and Françoise work in New Kingdom Egypt, but his interests Le Saout of the Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude were more far ranging than that. For example, des Temples de Karnak arranged for a latex cast in the 1990s he became involved with the ques- to be made of the cartouche on the stela, and both tion of the name of Taharqa in the entrance way they and Bill agreed that the traces must belong of the Second Pylon of the Temple of Amun at to Nefertumkhure, the prenomen of Taharqa.5 Karnak.1 The same prenomen exists in a crypt in the Mut Much earlier, soon after I began work in the Temple (Fig. 2). Precinct of Mut at South Karnak in 1976, I ben- Margaret Benson and Janet Gourlay reported efited from conversations with Bill concerning that they uncovered crypts in “Room f,” which is Ptolemaic inscriptions at the site. At the time, Bill the Mut Temple’s central bark shrine (Fig. 3) and was also engaged in attempting to establish the another chamber which they did not specify. They date of a much damaged stela in the first court described these as “small stone-lined vaults, too of the Amun Temple before the south wing of low to stand upright in, and had probably been the Second Pylon (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Architecture and the Pyramids of Giza Known As “The Age of the Pyramids,” the Old Kingdom Was Characterized by Revolutionary
    Architecture and the Pyramids of Giza Known as “the Age of the Pyramids,” the Old Kingdom was characterized by revolutionary advancements in architecture. Figure 1: The Pyramids of Giza This view shows all three pyramid structures: the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure. The Old Kingdom (2686 BC - 2182 BC) was a period of political stability and economic prosperity, during which great tombs were built for Egyptian Kings in the form of pyramids. The first king to launch a major pyramid building project was King Djoser, who built his famous “Step Pyramid” at Saqqara. The Pyramids of Giza are the greatest architectural achievement of the time, and include three pyramid structures and the Great Sphinx monument. It would have taken several thousand workers decades to complete just one pyramid. While we know that the stone for the pyramids was quarried, transported and cut from the nearby Nile, we still cannot be sure just how the massive stones were then put into place. While stone was generally reserved for tombs and temples, sun-baked mud bricks were used in the construction of Egyptian houses, palaces, fortresses, and town walls. Note: Limestone is an abundant rock of marine and freshwater sediments, primarily composed of calcite (CaCO₃). It occurs in a variety of forms, both crystalline and amorphous. To quarry means to obtain (mine) stone from an excavation pit, usually by blasting, cutting, or digging. A quarry is a site for mining stone, limestone or slate. A sphinx was a creature with the head of a human and the body of an animal (commonly a lion).
    [Show full text]
  • The Seven Ancient Wonders of the World By: Samyak Gupta
    The Seven Ancient Wonders of the World By: Samyak Gupta Table of Contents Table of Contents Page 2 Introduction Page 3 Chapter I: Wonders in Africa Page 4 Chapter II: Wonders in Europe Page 8 Chapter III: Wonders in Asia Page 11 Conclusion Page 16 Bibliography Page 17 Image Credits Page 18 2 Introduction For my expert project, I chose the seven ancient wonders of the world. I chose them because I am extremely intrigued by ancient civilizations and the massive structures they built. My biggest questions about my topic were, “Why did people go to such great lengths to make such big monuments?”, “What makes wonders, wonders?'' and “What was the purpose of each wonder?” I got interested in this topic when my family took a trip to France over spring break in 2019. Specifically, I went to the ancient city, Glanum. Glanum was ruled by three different empires at three different periods of time. The Greeks to the Celtic-Ligurian period and the Romans. The city intrigued me, and I wanted to learn how all of this was made and why. When I first started researching I thought that my topic would be loaded with information about everything. As soon as I went deeper I started to realize that there was not a lot of information at all. I then became aware of the fact that most of the Ancient wonders were destroyed thousands of years ago, so it would be difficult for people to find information to work with. I scraped together all the information I could find and made my expert paper.
    [Show full text]
  • DIALOGUES with the DEAD Comp
    Comp. by: PG0844 Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0001734582 Date:13/10/12 Time:13:59:20 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0001734582.3D1 OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST PROOF, 13/10/2012, SPi DIALOGUES WITH THE DEAD Comp. by: PG0844 Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0001734582 Date:13/10/12 Time:13:59:20 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0001734582.3D2 OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST PROOF, 13/10/2012, SPi Comp. by: PG0844 Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0001734582 Date:13/10/12 Time:13:59:20 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0001734582.3D3 OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST PROOF, 13/10/2012, SPi Dialogues with the Dead Egyptology in British Culture and Religion 1822–1922 DAVID GANGE 1 Comp. by: PG0844 Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0001734582 Date:13/10/12 Time:13:59:20 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0001734582.3D4 OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST PROOF, 13/10/2012, SPi 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University press in the UK and in certain other countries # David Gange 2013 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First Edition published in 2013 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Temple of Mentuhotep II at Deir Al-Bahari Luc Gabolde
    The “Kernbau” of the Temple of Mentuhotep II at Deir al-Bahari Luc Gabolde To cite this version: Luc Gabolde. The “Kernbau” of the Temple of Mentuhotep II at Deir al-Bahari: A Monumental Sun Altar ?. Richard Jasnow (University of Chicago); Kathlyn M. Cooney (UCLA). Joyful in Thebes, Egyptological Studies in Honor of Betsy M. Bryan, 1, Lockwood Press, pp.145-154, 2015, Material and Visual Culture of Ancient Egypt, 9781937040406. hal-01895079 HAL Id: hal-01895079 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01895079 Submitted on 13 Oct 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Copyright JOYFUL IN THEBES EGYPTOLOGICAL STUDIES IN HONOR OF BETSY M. BRYAN MATERIAL AND VISUAL CULTURE OF ANCIENT EGYPT Editors X xxxxx, X xxxx NUMBER ONE JOYFUL IN THEBES EGYPTOLOGICAL STUDIES IN HONOR OF BETSY M. BRYAN JOYFUL IN THEBES EGYPTOLOGICAL STUDIES IN HONOR OF BETSY M. BRYAN Edited by Richard Jasnow and Kathlyn M. Cooney With the assistance of Katherine E. Davis LOCKWOOD PRESS ATLANTA, GEORGIA JOYFUL IN THEBES EGYPTOLOGICAL STUDIES IN HONOR OF BETSY M. BRYAN Copyright © 2015 by Lockwood Press All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permitted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Pyramids of the Giza Plateau Pyramid Complexes of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure
    Pyramids of the Giza Plateau Pyramid Complexes of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure Charles Rigano AuthorHouse™ 1663 Liberty Drive Bloomington, IN 47403 www.authorhouse.com Phone: 1-800-839-8640 © 2014 Charles Rigano. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author. Published by AuthorHouse 05/14/2015 ISBN: 978-1-4969-5249-3 (sc) ISBN: 978-1-4969-5248-6 (e) Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only. Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock. Because of the dynamic nature of the Internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them. Front Cover: - Khufu’s Great Pyramid at dusk as seen from near the Sphinx. Photo by the author. Back Cover: Top - The three Giza Pyramids from close to far: Menkaure and subsidiary pyramids, Khafre, and Khufu. Photo by author. Bottom - Author Charles Rigano with Menkaure’s Pyramid in the background. Author’s photo. Contents Preface The Gizeh Plateau Area Surrounding the Giza Plateau Giza Plateau Pyramid Complexes Chapter 1: The Giza Plateau Chapter 2: Khufu’s Pyramid Exterior Chapter 3: Khufu’s Pyramid Interior Chapter 4: Khufu’s Mortuary Complex Chapter 5: Khufu’s Pyramid – Designing, Closing, and Opening Chapter 6: Khafre’s Pyramid Site Chapter 7: Khafre’s Pyramid Interior Chapter 8: Khafre’s Mortuary Complex Chapter 9: The Sphinx Complex Chapter 10: Menkaure’s Pyramid Exterior Chapter 11: Menkaure’s Pyramid Interior Chapter 12: Menkaure’s Mortuary Complex Appendix: The Tuthmosis IV Stele Between the Sphinx Paws Photo Credits Suggested Reading and References Preface I remember the moment in 1970 that my fascination for Ancient Egypt started.
    [Show full text]
  • Karnak's Quaysides
    Karnak’s Quaysides Angus Graham, Luc Gabolde, Mansour Boraik To cite this version: Angus Graham, Luc Gabolde, Mansour Boraik. Karnak’s Quaysides: Evolution of the Embankments from the XVIIIth Dynasty to the Graeco-Roman Period. Harco Willems (Université catholique de Louvain); Jan-Michael Dahms (Université de Heidelberg). The Nile: Natural and Cultural Landscape in Egypt, 36, Transcript Verlag, pp.97-144, 2016, Mainz Historical Cultural Sciences, 9783837636154. 10.14361/9783839436158-004. hal-01894903 HAL Id: hal-01894903 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01894903 Submitted on 13 Oct 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Karnak’s Quaysides Evolution of the Embankments from the Eighteenth Dynasty to the Graeco-Roman Period MANSOUR BORAIK, LUC GABOLDE, ANGUS GRAHAM 1. Introduction The results presented by Luc Gabolde and Angus Graham at the symposium held at Mainz in March 20131 have in part already been published or are in print.2 The authors proposed to the editors – who were very kind to accept it – a re-orientation of their contribution to the proceedings focused on the recent results gained through archaeology, history, geoarchaeology and geophysical survey on the evolution of the Nile embankments/quaysides at Karnak from the Eighteenth Dynasty onwards.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin De L'institut Français D'archéologie Orientale
    MINISTÈRE DE L'ÉDUCATION NATIONALE, DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE BULLETIN DE L’INSTITUT FRANÇAIS D’ARCHÉOLOGIE ORIENTALE en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne BIFAO 111 (2011), p. 323-334 Hassan Selim Two Royal Statue Bases from Karnak in the Basement of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Conditions d’utilisation L’utilisation du contenu de ce site est limitée à un usage personnel et non commercial. Toute autre utilisation du site et de son contenu est soumise à une autorisation préalable de l’éditeur (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). Le copyright est conservé par l’éditeur (Ifao). Conditions of Use You may use content in this website only for your personal, noncommercial use. Any further use of this website and its content is forbidden, unless you have obtained prior permission from the publisher (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). The copyright is retained by the publisher (Ifao). Dernières publications 9782724708288 BIFAO 121 9782724708424 Bulletin archéologique des Écoles françaises à l'étranger (BAEFE) 9782724707878 Questionner le sphinx Philippe Collombert (éd.), Laurent Coulon (éd.), Ivan Guermeur (éd.), Christophe Thiers (éd.) 9782724708295 Bulletin de liaison de la céramique égyptienne 30 Sylvie Marchand (éd.) 9782724708356 Dendara. La Porte d'Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724707953 Dendara. La Porte d’Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724708394 Dendara. La Porte d'Hathor Sylvie Cauville 9782724708011 MIDEO 36 Emmanuel Pisani (éd.), Dennis Halft (éd.) © Institut français d’archéologie orientale - Le Caire Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 1 / 1 Two Royal Statue Bases from Karnak in the Basement of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo hassan selim he two royal statue bases to be discussed in this article are in the basement of the Cairo Museum.1 They have never been published before and do not have registration numbers.
    [Show full text]
  • Two Semi-Erased Kushite Cartouches in the Precinct of Mut at South Karnak
    Two Semi-Erased Kushite Cartouches in the Precinct of Mut at South Karnak Richard A. Fazzini, Brooklyn Museum William Murnane is perhaps best known for his work in New Kingdom Egypt, but his interests were more far ranging than that. For example, in the 1990s he became involved with the question of the name of Taharqa in the entrance way of the Second Pylon of the Temple of Amun at Karnak.1 Much earlier, soon after I began work in the Precinct of Mut at South Karnak in 1976, I benefited from conversations with Bill concerning Ptolemaic inscriptions at the site. At the time, Bill was also engaged in attempting to establish the date of a much damaged stela in the first court of the Amun Temple before the south wing of the Second Pylon (Fig. 1).2 This stela had been attributed first to Dynasty XXV and Taharqa3 and then to a much later time.4 Bill had come to believe that it could be dated to Dynasty XXV on the basis of its style and asked me, as an art historian, what I thought of his attribution. I told him that I thought that he was correct, and advised him not to worry that he was not trained in art history: paleography, after all, is a variant of art history. Not long thereafter Bill got confirmation of his theory: Claude Traunecker and Françoise Le Saout of the Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude des Temples de Karnak arranged for a latex cast to be made of the cartouche on the stela, and both they and Bill agreed that the traces must belong to Nefertumkhure, the prenomen of Taharqa.5 The same prenomen exists in a crypt in the Mut Temple (Fig.
    [Show full text]