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Muhommad Bin Tughlaq (By Bhawana Singh)
Magadh Mahila College Patna University Department of History Bhawana Singh(Guest Faculty) Email id- [email protected] B.A-3rd Year Paper -5, Unit-4 TughlaqDynasty(1320-1413A.D) Muhommad Bin Tughlaq Tughlaq Dynasty was established by Ghazi Malik who assumed the throne under the title Of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. After Alauddin Khalji's death from illness in 1316AD, a series of Arrests and assassinations followed with Khusro Khan coming to power after killing Mubarak Khalji,the son of Alauddin Khalji. However, he lacked the support of the nobles and aristocrats of the Khalji dynasty. Thus, the aristocrats invited Ghazi Malik, then the governor of Punjab under the Khalji's to remove Khusro Khan. In 1320AD Ghazi Malik Launched an attack and killed Khusro Khan to assume power. Hence, the Khalji dynasty was then replaced by a new dynasty known as Tughlaq dynasty. Ghiayasuddin Tughlaq raised the kingdom with his capacity, intelligence and peace and succeeded in restoring peace. He was a wise and liberal ruler. He re-established the food law of Alauddin Khalji, suppressed the revolt in the unfriendly provinces and resorted harmony, law and order. He structured aim proved Postal System and encouraged agriculture. But after his mysterious demise his son Jauna Khan succeeded him under the title of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq in 1325AD. MuhammadBinTughlaq(1325-1351A.D) He was the successor of Ghiyasudd in Tughlaq and the second ruler of Tughlaq dynasty. Tarikh-i-Firozshahi of Ziauddin Barni and Kitab-i-rehla of Ibn-Batutah gives detailed information about the rule of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq. Ibn Batutah vistited to India from Morroco during his rule in 1333A.D and was appointed as Qazi of Delhi. -
Delhi Sultanate
DELHI SULTANATE The period from 1206 to 1526 in India history is known as Sultanate period. Slave Dynasty In 1206 Qutubuddin Aibak made India free of Ghazni’s control. Rulers who ruled over India and conquered new territories during the period 1206-1290 AD. are known as belonging to Slave dynasty. Qutubuddin Aibak He came from the region of Turkistan and he was a slave of Mohammad Ghori. He ruled as a Sultan from 1206 to 1210. While playing Polo, he fell from the horse and died in 1210. Aram Shah After Aibak’s death, his son Aram Shah was enthroned at Lahore. In the conflict between Iltutmish and Aram Shah, Iltutmish was victorious. Iltutmish He was slave of Aibak. He belonged to the Ilbari Turk clan of Turkistan. In 1211 Iltutmish occupied the throne of Delhi after killing Aram Shah and successfully ruled upto 1236. Construction of Qutub Minar He completed the unfinished construction of Qutub Minar, which was started by Qutubuddin Aibak. He built the Dhai Din ka Jhopra at Ajmer. Razia Sultan She was the first lady Sultan who ruled for three years, six months and six days. From 1236 to 1240. She appointed Jamaluddin Yakut as highest officer of cavalry. In 1240, the feudal lord (Subedar) of Bhatinda, Ikhtiyaruddin nobles he imprisoned Razia and killed Yakut. To counter her enemies Razia married Altunia and once again attempted to regain power. On 13th October, 1240, near Kaithal when Razia and Altunia were resting under a tree, some dacoits killed them. Balban Set on the throne of Delhi in 1266 and he adopted the name of Ghiyasuddin Balban. -
INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master
INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the original text directly from the copy submitted. Thus, some dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from a computer printer. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyrighted material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is available as one exposure on a standard 35 mm slide or as a 17" x 23" black and white photographic print for an additional charge. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. 35 mm slides or 6" X 9" black and w h itephotographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Accessing the World'sUMI Information since 1938 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA Order Number 8824569 The architecture of Firuz Shah Tughluq McKibben, William Jeffrey, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1988 Copyright ©1988 by McKibben, William Jeflfrey. All rights reserved. UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. -
Sayyid Dynasty
SAYYID DYNASTY The Sayyid dynasty was the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, with four rulers ruling from 1414 to 1451. Founded by Khizr Khan, a former governor of Multan, they succeeded the Tughlaq dynasty and ruled the sultanate until they were displaced by the Lodi dynasty. Khizr Khan (1414- 1421 A.D.) He was the founder of Sayyid Dynasty He did not swear any royal title. He was the Governor of Multan. He took advantage of the disordered situation in India after Timur’s invasion. In 1414 A.D. he occupied the throne of Delhi. He brought parts of Surat, Dilapur, and Punjab under his control. But he lost Bengal, Deccan, Gujarat, Jaunpur, Khandesh and Malwa. In 1421 he died. Mubarak Shah, Khizr Khan’s son succeeded him. Mubarak Shah (1421-1434 A.D.) He was the son of Khizr Khan who got Khutba read on his name and issued his own coins. He did not accept the suzerainty of any foreign power. He was the ablest ruler of the dynasty. He subdued the rebellion at Bhatinda and Daob and the revolt by Khokhars Chief Jasrat. He patronised Vahiya Bin Ahmad Sarhind, author of Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi. Mubarak Shah was succeeded by two incompetent rulers, Muhammad Shah (AD 1434- 1445) and Alauddin Alam Shah (AD 1445-1450). Most of the provincial kingdoms declared their independence. Hence, Alam Shah surrendered the throne and retired in an inglorious manner to Baduan. Finally Bahlol Lodhi captured the throne of Delhi with the support of Wazir Khan. Muhammad Shah (1434-1445 A.D.) He defeated the ruler of Malwa with the help of Bahlul Lodi, the Governor of Lahore. -
Medieval India TNPSC GROUP – I & II
VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE Medieval India TNPSC GROUP – I & II An ISO 9001 : 2015 Institution | Providing Excellence Since 2011 Head Office Old No.52, New No.1, 9th Street, F Block, 1st Avenue Main Road, (Near Istha siddhi Vinayakar Temple), Anna Nagar East – 600102. Phone: 044-2626 5326 | 98844 72636 | 98844 21666 | 98844 32666 Branches SALEM KOVAI No.189/1, Meyanoor Road, Near ARRS Multiplex, No.347, D.S.Complex (3rd floor), (Near Salem New bus Stand), Nehru Street,Near Gandhipuram Opp. Venkateshwara Complex, Salem - 636004. Central Bus Stand, Ramnagar, Kovai - 9 Ph: 0427-2330307 | 95001 22022 Ph: 75021 65390 Educarreerr Location VIVEKANANDHA EDUCATIONA PATRICIAN COLLEGE OF ARTS SREE SARASWATHI INSTITUTIONS FOR WOMEN AND SCIENCE THYAGARAJA COLLEGE Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode - TK 3, Canal Bank Rd, Gandhi Nagar, Palani Road, Thippampatti, Namakkal District - 637 205. Opp. to Kotturpuram Railway Station, Pollachi - 642 107 Ph: 04288 - 234670 Adyar, Chennai - 600020. Ph: 73737 66550 | 94432 66008 91 94437 34670 Ph: 044 - 24401362 | 044 - 24426913 90951 66009 www.vetriias.com © VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE First Edition – 2015 Second Edition – 2019 Pages : 114 Size : (240 × 180) cm Price : 220/- Published by: VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE F Block New No. 1, 9th Street, 1st Avenue main Road, Chinthamani, Anna Nagar (E), Chennai – 102. Phone: 044-2626 5326 | 98844 72636 | 98844 21666 | 98844 32666 www.vetriias.com E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] Feedback: [email protected] © All rights reserved with the publisher. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the publisher, will be responsible for the loss and may be punished for compensation under copyright act. -
Politics Affected by Ulema Under the Delhi Sultans and Mughal Emperors: a Historical Review
International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol. 9 Issue 5, May 2019, ISSN: 2249-2496 Impact Factor: 7.081 Journal Homepage: http://www.ijmra.us, Email: [email protected] Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gage as well as in Cabell‟s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A Politics affected by Ulema under the Delhi Sultans and Mughal Emperors: A Historical Review Ishan Khan* Abstract Ulema is the Muslim scholars in the Islamic world. Ulema played an important role in the polity, society and culture during the Medieval Indian History. The contribution of Ulema attracted in social, religious and intellectual dynamisms in medieval India. The Ulema played an important role in the Muslim society to learn the literature, law, and doctrines of Islam. They were the judges, jurist, priests, leaders, scholars, teachers, readers of Quran and Hadith, recitals of traditions, Sufis, functionaries of mosque and madrasa in the medieval Indian society. Ulema helped to carry on the teaching of Islam, enforced its moral, upheld its law, proclaimed its doctrines, suppressed corruption and vice. The present study analyse the role of Ulema in medieval India. This paper focuses on the contribution of Ulema in the Slave Dynasty, Khilji Dynasty, Tughlaq Dynasty, Sayyid Dynasty, Lodhi Dynasty, and at the reign of Mughal rulers such as Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shahjahan, and Aurangzeb. This paper also focuses on the fatawa literature imposed by Ulema on the Muslim society during the medieval India. -
Rulers of Delhi Sultanate for SSC & Bank Exams
Rulers of Delhi Sultanate for SSC & Bank Exams - GK Notes The Delhi Sultanate refers to five Muslim kingdoms or dynasties that ruled over the territory of Delhi between the years 1206 to 1526 CE. In the 16th Century, the last rulers of the Delhi Sultanate were defeated by Mughals, who then laid the foundation of the Mughal Empire in India. Before the Mughal Empire came into existence, the Delhi Sultanate was considered to be the most powerful State in the Northern India. Many government exams include the topic of history in their questions, thus knowing facts about history is important for you to crack these exams. Read this article to know in detail about the Rulers of Delhi Sultanate. The five dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate include: • The Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290) • The Khilji Dynasty (1290 -1320) • The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414) • The Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451) • The Afghan Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526) Let's find out more about these great dynasties and the Rulers of Delhi Sultanate. The Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290) Here is a list of the Mamluk Rulers of the Delhi Sultanate in this era. Ruler Reign Qutb-ud-din Aibak 1206–1210 1 | P a g e Aram Shah 1210–1211 Shams-ud-din Iltutmish 1211–1236 Rukn-ud-din Firuz 1236 Raziyat-ud-din Sultana 1236–1240 Muiz-ud-din Bahram 1240–1242 Ala-ud-din Masud 1242–1246 Nasir-ud-din Mahmud 1246–1266 Ghiyas-ud-din Balban 1266–1286 Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad 1286–1290 Kayumars 1290 • Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the first ruler of the Mamluk Dynasty (also called the slave dynasty). -
Rulers of Delhi Sultanate and Important Information Related to Them Part- 1
Rulers of Delhi Sultanate and Important information Related to Them Part- 1 31- Jan -18 Dynasty of Delhi Sultanate Clan State time Chief ruler Mamluk or Ghulam Dynasty 1206 - 1290 Qutubuddin Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia Sultan, Giasudin Bolan Khilji dynasty 1290 - 1320 Alauddin Khilji Tughlaq Dynasty 1321 - 1413 Muhammad bin Tughluq, Firuz Shah Tughlaq Syed dynasty 1414 - 1450 Khizr Khan Lodhi dynasty 1451 - 1526 Ibrahim Lodi IMPORTANT RULERS AND INFORMATION RELATED TO THEM The ruler Information Qutubuddin He was a slave of Mohammed Gori. Aibak He was the founder of the Ghulam dynasty (Mahaluk Sultanat) and the first Sultan of Delhi. He ruled for only four years, from 1206 to 1210 CE. He Died while playing polo in Lahore. He built the Kawwat-ul-Islam Mosque of Delhi and a two-day hut of Ajmer. He started constructing the Qutub Minar of Delhi dedicated to the famous Sufi saint Kutubuddin Bakhtiar Kaki. For his generosity, he is also remembered by the name of Lakhbakhsh. Iltutmish He used two silver coins and two important coins of copper (the standard weight of a coin was 175 cereals grains). He initiated the Integrity System, in which the empire was divided into coins and handed over to the nobles and officers in lieu of the wages. In 1230 he constructed Hauz-e-Shamshi reservoir of Mehrauli. Completed the work of Qutub Minar started by Qutubuddin Aibak. The Sultan watch, which is considered to be the first Islamic Tomb of Delhi, created the memory of his eldest son, Prince Naseeruddin Mahmud. Mongolian attacker Genghis Khan, during his reign, first attacked the Indus river on the banks of the river. -
Teaching Guide
HISTORY GEOGRAPHY Social Studies for Pakistan CIVICS 7 Know Your World Teaching Guide KHADIJA CHAGLA-BAIG A C O M P R E H E N S I V E C O U R S E F O R S E C O N D A R Y CL AS SES 1 History Chapter 1 The Rise of Muslim Rule on the Subcontinent 01 Chapter 2 Ghaznavid Rule 03 Chapter 3 The Ghoris 10 Chapter 4 The Delhi Sultanate 15 Chapter 5 The Mughal Empire Begins 24 Chapter 6 The Greatest Mughal Emperor 31 Chapter 7 The Empire at its Peak 35 Geography Chapter 8 Oceans and Seas—Waves, Tides, and Currents 42 Chapter 9 Ocean and Sea Landforms 49 Chapter 10 Rivers and Smaller Bodies of Water 55 Chapter 11 Natural Disasters 64 Chapter 12 Industries in Pakistan 74 Chapter 13 Trade 77 Chapter 14 Some Major Cities in Asia 81 Civics Chapter 15 Patriotism 86 Chapter 16 Looking After Senior Citizens 90 Chapter 17 Respecting Law and Authority 92 Chapter 18 Respecting Friends and Peers 95 Answer Key 96 1 iii iv 1 HISTORY CHAPTER 1 The Rise of Muslim Rule on the Subcontinent Discussion points Muslim rule started in the subcontinent after Mohammad bin Qasim’s conquest of Sindh and Multan. It spread (a) because of Mohammad bin Qasim’s treatment of and policies towards non-muslims, and (b) despite many difficulties, the Arab Muslim rulers—representatives of the Muslim caliph in Damascus—eventually succeeded in bringing about peace, stability, and religious harmony. This won the locals over. -
Growth and Development of Indo Thirteenth Century to A.D to Fifteenth
Research Journal of Language, Literature and Humanities _____________________________ E-ISSN 2348-6252 Vol. 6(2), 12-15, May (2019) Res. J. Lang. Lit. Humanities Growth and development of Indo -Islamic architecture of India from early thirteenth century to A.D to fifteenth century A.D under Delhi Sultans Arif Ahmad Dar 1* and Zahied Rehman Ganie 2 1Counsellor IGNOU (History) at Govt. Degree College, Kulgam, India 2Govt. Degree College, Bijbehara, Anantinag, India [email protected] Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 17 th Novembre 2018, revised 15 th March 2019, accepted 28 th April 201 9 Abstract With the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate in A.D 1206 a new phase ushered in the cultural development of India. The Turks who came to India towards the beginning of 13 th C.A.D., had not only a well-defined faith in Islam to which they were deeply attached, they also had definite ideas of Government, Arts, and Architecture etc. The Hindus had also developed their own style, although their conce pts and designs differed from those of the Muslims. A synthesis of these two types, however, was soon evolved due to a number of factors. The Muslims after firmly establishing themselves in India employed Hindu master craftsman for designing and constructi ng their buildings. These craftsmen naturally introduced the characteristics of Hindu architecture like solidity and grace, while adopting Muslim features like arches, domes, minarets, geometrical designs etc. Keywords: Delhi sultanate, architecture, Khil jis, Tughlaqs, Lodi's. Introduction The First phase: architectural monuments of the The Sultans of Delhi are known to have been great builders. -
The Tughlaq Dynasty 3
The Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414) Part-3 DR.MD.NEYAZ HUSSAIN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR & HOD PG DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY MAHARAJA COLLEGE, VKSU, ARA(BIHAR) FIROZ TUGHLAQTUGHLAQ(1351 (1351 –––1388) Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq was succeeded by his cousin Firoz Tughlaq, since he had no heirs. He was considered to be the last great ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty. At his young age, Firoz was appointed deputy to the lord Chamberlain with the title of Naib Barbak. Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq treated him with affection and usually kept him in his royal company. The death of Muhammad -bin -Tughlaq at Thatta threw his leaderless army into great confusion and disorder . For two days it was harassed and plundered by rebels of Sindh and the Mongol mercenaries. During this critical period, the nobles urged Firoz to ascend the throne and save the dispirited army from destruction . Firoz was not usurper, nor was his accession irregular he was duly elected by Nobles and Ulemas and declared competent to rule the realm. FIROZ TUGHLAQTUGHLAQ(1351 (1351 –––1388) He appointed Malik-i-Maqbul his prime minister and gave him the title of Khan-i-Jahan . Malik Maqbul was a Brahmin of Warangal, who had been a convert to Islam. He was an able administrator and his appointment as prime minister proved to be a great asset to the administration . Firoz had excellent record of benevolent measures to his credit. The long reign of 37 years was a period of comparative prosperity and happiness of the people . Till then no Muslim ruler was so much loved and venerated by the people has Firoz. -
1 Component-I (A) – Personal Details
Component-I (A) – Personal details: 1 Component-I (B) – Description of module: Subject Name Indian Culture Paper Name Outlines of Indian History The Sayyid and Lodi Dynasties & Module Name/Title Salient features of the Delhi Sultanate Module Id I C / OIH / 23 Knowledge in Medieval history of India and the Pre-requisites rule of Delhi Sultanate To study the History of the Sayyid and Lodi Dynasties and Declining of the Delhi Sultanate. Objectives The contribution of Delhi Sultanates to Indian Culture Delhi Sultanate / Sayyid / Lodi / Indo-Persian Keywords Culture E-text (Quadrant-I) 1. The Sayyid dynasty (1414 - 1451) The Sayyid dynasty was the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate ruled from 1414 – 1451. This family claimed to be sayyids, or descendants of the Prophet Muhammad. The central authority of the Delhi sultanate had been fatally weakened by the invasion of the Turkish conqueror Timur and his capture of Delhi in 1398. Khizr Khan, who had been appointed Governor of Lahore, Multan and Dipalpur by Amir Timur, acquired control of Delhi after defeating its de facto ruler Daulat Khan. Taking advantage of the confusion that prevailed in India after the death of the last Tughlaq, Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah, Khizr Khan marched on Delhi, occupied the throne for himself on May 28, 1414 1. 1 Khizr Khan (1414-1421) Khizr Khan laid the foundation of a new dynasty of the Sayyids. He was a man of high moral character who combined in him the qualities of a saint, soldier and politician. Khizr Khan ruled Delhi independently for seven years. His kingdom comprising of Sindh, Punjab and some parts of the Doab.