DOCSLIB.ORG

Modern Chinese Buddhist Music in Taiwan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Modern Chinese Buddhist Music in Taiwan UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO The Development and Conceptual Transformation of Chinese Buddhist Songs in the Twentieth Century A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Music by Tse-Hsiung Larry Lin Committee in charge: Professor Nancy Guy, Chair Professor Marcel Henaff Professor Lei Liang Professor Ping-hui Liao Professor Richard Madsen Professor Jane Stevens 2012 Copyright Tse-Hsiung Larry Lin, 2012 All rights reserved. ii The Dissertation of Tse-Hsiung Larry Lin is approved, and is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2012 iii For a generation of Chinese and Taiwanese Buddhists and their devotion to the development of Buddhist songs in the twentieth century This is also dedicated to my mother, Hsiao Yin Li-chiang iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature page…………………………………………………………………. iii Dedication……………………………………………………………………… iv Table of Contents………………………………………………………………. v List of Figures………………………………………………………………….. vii List of Charts…………………………………………………………………... x Notes on Romanization and Translation………………………………………. xi Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………. xiii Vita…………………………………………………………………………….. xvii Abstract………………………………………………………………………… xix Introduction……………………………………………………………………. 1 1. The Context of Chinese Buddhist Reform and the Development of Buddhist Songs………………………………………………………………… 10 Chinese Modernization Movements and Buddhist Reform…………… 15 The Crisis of Chinese Buddhism and Taixu’s Buddhist Reform……… 40 Music as a Useful Means: The Controversy of Using Music in Buddhism……………………………………………………………. 45 2. The Early Development of Chinese Buddhist Songs in Shanghai………….. 50 Introduction……………………………………………………………. 50 Education Reform and the Chinese School Song……………………… 53 Buddhist Songs and School Songs…………………………………….. 60 Buddhist Songs in Shanghai: The Development Beginning in the 1930s…………………………………………………………………… 69 The Initial Development of Buddhist Songs in the 1930s……... 71 The Development in the 1940s………………………………… 84 The Development during the Late 1940s and Early 1950s……. 96 Chinese Buddhism and Buddhist Songs in Taiwan in the 1950s……… 109 Conclusion……………………………………………………………... 110 3. The Post-1949 Development of Chinese Buddhist Songs in Taiwan: v A Case Study of the Early Musical Activities of Lei Yin Temple……………... 113 Introduction……………………………………………………………. 113 The Historical Context……………………………………………...…. 114 Hsing Yun (1927–), his Early Years………………………………….… 119 The Way to Ilan………………………………………………………... 124 Music in the Temple: The Organization of the Buddhist Choir…………………………………………………………………… 132 Early Musical Activities: Some Examples…………………………….. 137 Repertoires of the 1950s and Early 1960s……………………………... 149 New Development in the mid-1960s Onward…………………………. 155 Conclusion……………………………………………………………... 159 4. Yang Yongpu, Wu Chu-che, and Their Buddhist Songs…..………………... 164 Introduction……………………………………………………………. 164 Yang Yongpu (1918–1984)…………………………………………….. 166 The Early Life in Mainland China before 1949……………….. 168 Taiwan/Ilan…………………………………………………….. 174 Yang Yongpu and Hsing Yun’s Buddhist Song Movement….… 183 The Last Years…………………………………………………. 188 Wu Chu-che (1924–2005)………………...…………………………… 190 The Life Story of Wu Chu-che………………………………… 192 Influences in Wu’s Buddhist Songs: an Analysis……………… 199 Influence of Protestant Songs………………………….. 201 Influence of Min-Tai Folk Songs……………………… 207 Influence of Taiwanese Pop Songs…………………….. 213 Wu’s Buddhist Songs in a Historical Perspective……………... 216 Conclusion……………………………………………………………... 220 5. A Course of History in Search of a New Cultural Identity…………………. 224 Appendix………………………………………………………………………. 245 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………… 252 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Important cities in China and Taiwan that supported the development of Chinese Buddhist songs during the earlier half of the twentieth century. ………………………………………………………………………….. 14 Figure 2.1: “The Message of the West Wind” by Huang Zi, the first six measures. ………………………………………………………………………... 56 Figure 2.2: “Praise the Buddha” in the original edition of The Sounds of Ocean Waves, Vol. 1. …………………………………………………………………… 63 Figure 2.3a: “Dreaming of Home and Mother,” reproduced from the original score by J. P. Ordway. …………………………………………………………... 66 Figure 2.3b: “Ryoshu” (旅愁) by Indo Kyukei. Original score adapted from its second print in 1908. ……………………………………………………………. 67 Figure 2.3c: Li Shu’tong’s “Seeing off a Friend.” ……………………………… 67 Figure 2.3d: “Praise the Buddha” by Chen Hailiang, reproduced in Western standard notation. ………………………………………………………………... 68 Figure 2.4: “Song of Triple Gems,” the first three lines. ………………………... 80 Figure 2.5: “Worldly Dream” (the first page), as it appears in the original edition in The Cooling Songs by Hongyi. ……………………………………….. 83 Figure 2.6: Student choir in rehearsal, Jue Shi School in Shantou, Guangdong. Use by permission of Bureau of Shantou City Archive………… 88 Figure 2.7: “The March of the Great Hero’s Disciples” (first five lines) in Chen Hailiang’s A Handbook for Buddhist Self-Cultivation at Home. ……………..... 90 Figure 2.8: “March On,” as it originally appeared in A Handbook for Buddhist Self-Cultivation at Home. ……………………………………………................ 92 Figure 2.9: The Sounds of Ocean Waves, book cover. ………………………….. 101 Figure 3.1: A map of Taiwan marked with important cities where Buddhist songs activities began to emerge in the 1950s. …………………………….…... 125 vii Figure 3.2: Hsing Yun standing in front of the newly built Buddha Recitation Hall of Ilan Buddha Recitation Society, Ilan, Taiwan. ……………….……….. 131 Figure 3.3: The Buddhist Choir of the Ilan Chanting Society in 1955–1956.…. 134 Figure 3.4: Choir members singing in a Buddhist conference featuring lectures and songs, an event possibly held in 1956.………………………….………… 141 Figure 3.5: A picture of Master Hsing Yun (middle) and the team members of The Buddhist Choir standing in front of the “Truck of Truth” before setting off for Dharma propagation. ………………………………………………….…… 145 Figure 3.6: The Buddhist Choir of Ilan Buddha Recitation Society, a picture taken after a recording session on October 17, 1954. …………….…………… 146 Figure 3.7: “The Buddhist Wedding Song” as it appeared in Puti Shu 24 (November 1954). ……………………………………………….…………….. 151 Figure 3.8: “The Bodhi Tree” as it appeared in Puti Shu 20 (July 1954)………. 152 Figure 3.9: The Buddhist Holy Songs, published in 1956 by Ilan Buddha Recitation Society, was among the earliest Buddhist songbooks published in Taiwan. ………………………………………………………………….…….. 154 Figure 4.1: Yang Yongpu prior to 1950. ……………………………….……... 172 Figure 4.2: A dramatic performance of Yang Yongpu, sponsored by Henan Ministry of Education during wartime against Japanese invasion (1937–1945)... 178 Figure 4.3: “The Sound of the Bells” in the original page of The Buddhist Holy Songs published in 1956. …………………………………………….………... 185 Figure 4.4: Wu Chu-che during his early years. ……………………….……… 193 Figure 4.5: Wu Chu-che and his students from Longshan Temple’s civil education program posing for an end-of-course shot in 1959. ………….…….. 198 Figure 4.6: “Praise to the Holy Bodhisattva Guanyin” in comparison with “What a Friend We Have in Jesus.” ……………………………………….….. 202 Figure 4.7: “Praise to the Holy Bodhisattva Guanyin,” an analysis on motivic development. ……………………………………………………………….….. 204 Figure 4.8: “Year, Month, Day, Hour,” an analysis on motivic development.…. 206 viii Figure 4.9a: Min-Tai melodic pattern. ………………………………………... 208 Figure 4.9b: “Heart Testament,” with melodic pattern derived from Min-Tai musical tradition. ……………………………………………………………... 209 Figure 4.9c: “Rootless Tree,” with melodic pattern derived from Min-Tai musical tradition. ……………………………………………………………... 210 Figure 4.10: “Journey to the Pureland” in comparison with the Taiwanese folksong “Jasmine in June.” ………………………………………………….. 212 Figure 4.11: “The Perfect Connection” in comparison with examples of Taiwanese pop songs. ………………………………………………………… 214 Figure 4.12: “The Perfect Connection” in comparison line by line with “A Cut of a Plum Twig” and “Bird in the Rain.” …………………………………….. 215 ix LIST OF CHARTS Chart 2.1: The percentages show the different emphases on the four compositional methods for school songs as applied to the Buddhist songs from The Sounds of Ocean Waves. ……………………………………………………. 64 x NOTES ON ROMANIZATION AND TRANSLATION Transliteration of proper names in Chinese is a task that has been approached differently by people from various Chinese-speaking areas and among scholars devoted to the research into Chinese history and related disciplines. Mainland China, Hong Kong (the former British colony), and Taiwan experienced different sociocultural developments under their respective political reigns in the previous hundred years. Different ways of romanizing Chinese names in these areas have come to serve their political ideologies, representing people’s political and cultural identity. It is therefore my best hope that when I romanize individuals’ names, I do so following their personal wishes. With this consideration in mind, I develop the following transliteration approach for personal names: names from the People’s Republic of China are unanimously spelled in pinyin, be it from the pre-1949 or post- 1949 periods. With names from Taiwan, I use the individuals’ preferred spelling when I know it. Otherwise, I use pinyin. Spellings of city and geographical names are romanized according to what is best known in the West. For
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Modernism in Practice: Shi Zhecun's Psychoanalytic Fiction Writing
    Modernism in Practice: Shi Zhecun's Psychoanalytic Fiction Writing Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Zhu, Yingyue Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction, presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 14:07:54 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/642043 MODERNISM IN PRACTICE: SHI ZHECUN’S PSYCHOANALYTIC FICTION WRITING by Yingyue Zhu ____________________________ Copyright © Yingyue Zhu 2020 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2020 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Master’s Committee, we certify that we have read the thesis prepared by Yingyue Zhu, titled MODERNISM IN PRACTICE: SHI ZHECUN’S PSYCHOANALYTIC FICTION WRITING and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Master’s Degree. Jun 29, 2020 _________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Dian Li Fabio Lanza Jul 2, 2020 _________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Fabio Lanza Jul 2, 2020 _________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Scott Gregory Final approval and acceptance of this thesis is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the thesis to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this thesis prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the Master’s requirement.
    [Show full text]
  • Westernisation, Ideology and National Identity in 20Th-Century Chinese Music
    Westernisation, Ideology and National Identity in 20th-Century Chinese Music Yiwen Ouyang PhD Thesis Royal Holloway, University of London DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I, Yiwen Ouyang, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: Date: 19 May 2012 I To my newly born baby II ABSTRACT The twentieth century saw the spread of Western art music across the world as Western ideology and values acquired increasing dominance in the global order. How did this process occur in China, what complexities does it display and what are its distinctive features? This thesis aims to provide a detailed and coherent understanding of the Westernisation of Chinese music in the 20th century, focusing on the ever-changing relationship between music and social ideology and the rise and evolution of national identity as expressed in music. This thesis views these issues through three crucial stages: the early period of the 20th century which witnessed the transition of Chinese society from an empire to a republic and included China’s early modernisation; the era from the 1930s to 1940s comprising the Japanese intrusion and the rising of the Communist power; and the decades of economic and social reform from 1978 onwards. The thesis intertwines the concrete analysis of particular pieces of music with social context and demonstrates previously overlooked relationships between these stages. It also seeks to illustrate in the context of the appropriation of Western art music how certain concepts acquired new meanings in their translation from the European to the Chinese context, for example modernity, Marxism, colonialism, nationalism, tradition, liberalism, and so on.
    [Show full text]
  • Cijhar 22 FINAL.Pmd
    1 1 Vijayanagara as Reflected Through its Numismatics *Dr. N.C. Sujatha Abstract Vijayanagara an out-and-out an economic state which ushered broad outlay of trade and commerce, production and manufacture for over- seas markets. Its coinage had played definitely a greater role in tremendous economic activity that went on not just in India, but also across the continent. Its cities were bustled with traders and merchandise for several countries of Europe and Africa. The soundness of their economy depended on a stable currency system. The present paper discusses the aspects relating to the coinage of Vijayanagara Empire and we could enumerate from these coins about their administration. Its currency system is a wonderful source for the study of its over-all activities of administration, social needs, religious preferences, vibrant trade and commerce and traditional agriculture and irrigation Key words : Empire, Administration, Numismatics, Currency, trade, commerce, routes, revenue, land-grants, mint, commercial, brisk, travellers, aesthetic, fineness, abundant, flourishing, gadyana, Kasu, Varaha, Honnu, panam, Pardai, enforcement, Foundation of Vijayanagara Empire in a.d.1336 is an epoch in the History of South India. It was one of the great empires founded and ruled for three hundred years, and was widely extended over peninsular India. It stood as a bulwark against the recurring invasions from the Northern India. The rule Vijayanagara is the most enthralling period for military exploits, daring conquests, spread of a sound administration. Numismatics is an important source for the study of history. At any given time, the coins in circulation can throw lot of light on then prevalent situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women
    University of San Diego Digital USD Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship Department of Theology and Religious Studies 2019 Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women Karma Lekshe Tsomo PhD University of San Diego, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.sandiego.edu/thrs-faculty Part of the Buddhist Studies Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Digital USD Citation Tsomo, Karma Lekshe PhD, "Out of the Shadows: Socially Engaged Buddhist Women" (2019). Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship. 25. https://digital.sandiego.edu/thrs-faculty/25 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at Digital USD. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Digital USD. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Section Titles Placed Here | I Out of the Shadows Socially Engaged Buddhist Women Edited by Karma Lekshe Tsomo SAKYADHITA | HONOLULU First Edition: Sri Satguru Publications 2006 Second Edition: Sakyadhita 2019 Copyright © 2019 Karma Lekshe Tsomo All rights reserved No part of this book may not be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage or retreival system, without the prior written permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations. Cover design Copyright © 2006 Allen Wynar Sakyadhita Conference Poster
    [Show full text]
  • FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE UPDATED January 17, 2017 November 1, 2016 ARTIST and PROGRAM CHANGE Contact: Katherine E. Johnson (212) 875-5718; [email protected]
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE UPDATED January 17, 2017 November 1, 2016 ARTIST AND PROGRAM CHANGE Contact: Katherine E. Johnson (212) 875-5718; [email protected] LONG YU TO CONDUCT CHINA PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA, PRESENTED BY THE NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC PROKOFIEV’s Violin Concerto No. 2 with JULIAN RACHLIN SHOSTAKOVICH’s Symphony No. 5 December 11, 2016 NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC IN SIXTH ANNUAL CHINESE NEW YEAR CONCERT and GALA U.S. PREMIERE of CHEN Qigang’s Joie Éternelle with Trumpet Player ALISON BALSOM PUCCINI’s Selection from Turandot and Traditional Chinese Folk Songs with Soprano SUMI JO SAINT-SAËNS’s Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso with Concertmaster FRANK HUANG January 31, 2017 The New York Philharmonic will present two programs honoring its strong ties to China, both led by Long Yu: the China Philharmonic Orchestra will perform at David Geffen Hall on December 11, 2016, and the New York Philharmonic will perform its sixth annual Chinese New Year Concert and Gala, January 31, 2017. Both programs celebrate the cultural exchange between China and the U.S., particularly the Philharmonic’s connections to China. China Philharmonic Orchestra The New York Philharmonic will present the China Philharmonic Orchestra, led by Long Yu, its Music Director, at David Geffen Hall on December 11, 2016, at 3:00 p.m. The program will feature Prokofiev’s Violin Concerto No. 2, with Julian Rachlin as soloist, and Shostakovich’s Symphony No. 5. Long Yu co-founded the China Philharmonic Orchestra in 2000, and has since served as its artistic director and chief conductor. The orchestra’s appearance at David Geffen Hall, presented by the New York Philharmonic, is part of its 2016 Tour of the Americas.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese National Day Civilian Parades and the Signaling of Policy Change in the Reform Era
    Chinese National Day Civilian Parades And the signaling of policy change in the Reform Era 改革开放后的中国国庆群众游行 与其传播的政策改变信号 A Thesis by Jiahao Liu Submitted to The University of Michigan In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of HONORS BACHELOR OF ARTS Department of Political Science March 26, 2021 1 Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................5 Acknowledgements ...........................................................................................................6 Author’s Note ...................................................................................................................7 Introduction .....................................................................................................................8 Why study these parades? ...................................................................................................... 8 Research Question ................................................................................................................ 10 Outline:................................................................................................................................. 11 Chapter 1: Existing Research and Theoretical Framework .............................................. 12 Section 1: Functions of state propaganda in China ............................................................... 12 Establish a leader’s image and an ideological stance: .................................................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • Venerable Master Hsing Yun's 2014 Letter to Dharma Protectors And
    Issue No.33 January 2014 Venerable Master Hsing Yun’s 2014 Letter to Dharma Protectors and Friends Abbot and Dharma Transmission Ceremony for the 49th Generation of the Linji School was held with Ven. Hsin Bao as the new Head Abbot, and with Ven. Hui Chuan, Ven Hui Lun, Ven. Hui Kai, Ven. Hui Zhao, and Ven. Hui Feng as Deputy Abbots. It brings me much assurance and comfort to see the new leader of the Fo Guang Shan Order elected by system. My words for them were that Fo Guang Shan is humanistic, is open, is about team effort, and depends on a heritage. It is the entire order’s duty to create a new future, build a new milestone, and disseminate Humanistic Buddhism in every part of the world. On the same day, 72 monastics from all Five Continents including Ven. Ming Guang, Director of the Buddhist Association of Taipei, and Ven. Jing Yao, Director of the China International Offering Ceremony to All Buddhas became the Dharma Descendants. Last year, after I completed Buddhist Affinities Across One Hundred Years under the invitation of Academia Historica, I continued my narrations and published a new edition in April. The new Dear Dharma Protectors and Friends, book set consists of 160 million characters in Chinese, a total of 16 volumes that come with a Auspicious greetings! collection of 1,600 pictures. The book launch took place at the National Taiwan Library in Taipei. As we celebrate Fo Guang Shan’s 48th anniversary, I Later in October, the Simplified Chinese edition myself would also be turning 88 years old.
    [Show full text]
  • Buddhism at the End of the Colonial Period
    Buddhism at the End of the Colonial Period Jonathan S. Watts Keio University Tokyo, Japan Historical Development of SEB: Asian Colonial Era 16th to 20th Centuries 4 Responses to Modernity v Buddhist Nationalism: Modern Nationalism is most often characterized by the fusing together of a specific ethnic group and their religious heritage to a nation-state with specifically defined borders. Buddhist Nationalism was initially part of the anti-colonial struggle against the West, but after Asian emancipation, it became a force against minority groups and cultural diversity as part of the complex renegotiation of national borders and identities in the Post WWII Era. v Socially Engaged Buddhism (SEB): SEB also arose as a response to the colonial domination of the West. However, it has been a more open minded movement that has not allied itself with the state and sought solutions to social problems through pan-Asian solidarity, inter-religious cooperation, and alliances with progressive forces in the West. 4 Responses to Modernity v Buddhist Socialism: The early development of socialism and communism in Europe had an important impact on Asians as a modern but anti- colonial and liberative ideology. Many Buddhists found socialist concepts to be in line with Buddhist teachings and the rules of the monastic order. v Market Buddhist: In Asian nations that did not embrace communism, some Buddhist groups have tried to align Buddhist teachings with capitalist values of economic growth and enjoying a prosperous life as a sign of virtue. Anti Colonial Movements
    [Show full text]
  • A Historical and Comparative Analysis of Renunciation and Celibacy in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms
    Going Against the Grain: A Historical and Comparative Analysis of Renunciation and Celibacy in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms Phramaha Sakda Hemthep Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master of Philosophy Cardiff School of History, Archeology and Religion Cardiff University August 2014 i Declaration This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed …………………………… (Phramaha Sakda Hemthep) Date ………31/08/2014….…… STATEMENT 1 This dissertation is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MPhil. Signed …………………………… (Phramaha Sakda Hemthep) Date ………31/08/2014….…… STATEMENT 2 This dissertation is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A Bibliography is appended. Signed …………………………… (Phramaha Sakda Hemthep) Date ………31/08/2014….…… STATEMENT 3 I confirm that the electronic copy is identical to the bound copy of the dissertation Signed …………………………… (Phramaha Sakda Hemthep) Date ………31/08/2014….…… STATEMENT 4 I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed …………………………… (Phramaha Sakda Hemthep) Date ………31/08/2014….…… STATEMENT 5 I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access approved by the Graduate Development Committee. Signed …………………………… (Phramaha Sakda Hemthep) Date ………31/08/2014….…… ii Acknowledgements Given the length of time it has taken me to complete this dissertation, I would like to take this opportunity to record my sense of deepest gratitude to numerous individuals and organizations who supported my study, not all of whom are mentioned here.
    [Show full text]
  • Taiwan's Struggle
    The International History Review ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rinh20 Resisting Bandung? Taiwan’s Struggle for ‘Representational Legitimacy’ in the Rise of the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League, 1954-57 Hao Chen To cite this article: Hao Chen (2021) Resisting Bandung? Taiwan’s Struggle for ‘Representational Legitimacy’ in the Rise of the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League, 1954-57, The International History Review, 43:2, 244-263, DOI: 10.1080/07075332.2020.1762239 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2020.1762239 Published online: 06 May 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 282 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rinh20 THE INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW 2021, VOL. 43, NO. 2, 244–263 https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2020.1762239 Resisting Bandung? Taiwan’s Struggle for ‘Representational Legitimacy’ in the Rise of the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League, 1954-57 Hao Chen Faculty of History, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ABSTRACT KEYWORDS In April 1955, representatives of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Anti-Communism; attended the Bandung Conference in Indonesia. The conference epito- Neutralism; mized the peak of Asian-African Internationalism, which sought to pur- Decolonization; Legitimacy sue independent and neutralist foreign policies that forged a path in- between the United States and the Soviet Union. This Conference helped the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) gain new ground in the ongoing struggle for ‘representational legitimacy’ against its rival the Kuomintang (KMT, Chinese Nationalist Party) in the Third World.
    [Show full text]
  • A Letter to Dharma Protectors and Friends in 2018
    《 》學報 ‧ 藝文│第十三期 A Letter to Dharma Protectors and Friends in 2018 Dear Dharma Protectors and Friends: Auspicious greetings! Spring flowers, autumn moon, winter goes, and spring arrives once again. As the seasons follow their order of time, we welcome 2018. Venerable Master Hsing Yun gives his blessings and encouragement to all through his spring couplet, “A Family of Loyalty and Honor.” Loyalty and honor are most important in life. We must remain loyal and righteous towards people. We must stay loyal in our relationships, responsibilities, friendships, and towards our leaders. We must show sensibility towards human relationships, remain righteous towards the world, have benevolence for society, and sense our connection with the whole universe. It is essential to understand, be grateful for, realize, and keep as family legacy the spirits of loyalty and honor. We are thankful to all our devotees, Dharma friends, and the general public for your loyalty and honor in supporting Fo Guang Shan’s propagation of Humanistic Buddhism. I would like to report to you all on what we have accomplished this past year through the collaboration of both monastics and laity. Firstly, good news: the Complete Works of Venerable Master Hsing Yun has been published! On May 16, the last day of Fo Guang Shan’s 50th anniversary, we launched the Complete Works at FGS Sutra Repository. The Complete Works, an embodiment of Venerable Master’s lifelong principles and actualization of Humanistic Buddhism, is an encyclopedia of Humanistic 142 A Letter to Dharma Protectors and Friends in 2018 The Complete Works of Venerable Master Hsing Yun, 365 volumes in total.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 Fo Guang Shan Nan Tien Temple Virtual Refuge Taking Ceremony
    2021 Fo Guang Shan Nan Tien Temple Virtual Refuge Taking Ceremony 1. Objective In order to fulfill wishes of the public to become Buddhist followers of the right faith, the 2021 Virtual Triple Gem Refuge Ceremony will be held on Guanyin Bodhisattva Days. 2. Eligibility Anyone who is willing to be a Buddhist for life. 3. Organiser: Fo Guang Shan Monastery Institution-in-charge: BLIA Co-organisers: Nan Tien Temple and branch temples in Sydney 4. Date/Time/Means of Participation Date Sydney Time Method of Participation March 31 12:00pm Zoom Meeting/Onsite Participation July 28 7:00pm Zoom Meeting 5. To Participate: 1) Zoom Meeting: Nan Tien Temple and branch temples in Sydney will provide one week before the ceremony the Zoom ID, password, and virtual background to refuge taking registrants. Online testing: On the day before the ceremony, refuge taking registrants are required to go online testing at the same of the actual ceremony. 2) Onsite Participation: A certain number of registrants (subject to the square metre rule of the premises) will be able to physically attend the ceremony at Nan Tien Temple or branch temples in Sydney, which will be synchronised with the ceremony livestreamed from Fo Guang Shan Headquarter. *Observers can log onto Youtube BLIA World Headquarters for the ceremony (subscriptions welcome) 6. Registration 1) Zoom Meeting At one hour before the ceremony, refuge taking registrants are to log onto Zoom meeting and key in your name according to your branch temple’s instructions for the temple to take attendance. 2) Onsite Participant • 11:00am, 31st March 2021, outside the Main Shrine Nan Tien Temple (or branch temple in Sydney) 7.
    [Show full text]