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Idhna Town Profile Idhna Town Profile Prepared by The Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem Funded by Spanish Cooperation Azahar program 2009 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Acknowledgments ARIJ hereby expresses its deep gratitude to the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) for their funding of this project through the Azahar Program. ARIJ is grateful to the Palestinian officials in the ministries, municipalities, joint services councils, village committees and councils, and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) for their assistance and cooperation with the project team members during the data collection process. ARIJ also thanks all the staff who worked throughout the past couple of years towards the accomplishment of this work. 1 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Background This booklet is part of a series of booklets, which contain compiled information about each city, town, and village in Hebron Governorate. These booklets come as a result of a comprehensive study of all localities in Hebron Governorate, which aims at depicting the overall living conditions in the governorate and presenting developmental plans to assist in developing the livelihood of the population in the area. It was accomplished through the 'Village Profiles and Azahar Needs Assessment'; a project funded by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) and the Azahar Program. The 'Village Profiles and Azahar Needs Assessment' was designed to study, investigate, analyze and document the socio-economic conditions and the needed programs and activities to mitigate the impact of the current unsecure political, economic and social conditions in Hebron Governorate with particular focus on the Azahar program objectives and activities concerning water, environment, and agriculture. The project's objectives are to survey, analyze and document the available natural, human, socioeconomic and environmental resources, and the existing limitations and needs assessment for the development of the rural and marginalized areas in Hebron Governorate. In addition, the project aims at preparing strategic developmental programs and activities to mitigate the impact of the current political, social, and economic instability with the focus on the agricultural sector. All locality profiles in Arabic and English are available online at http://proxy.arij.org/vprofile/ 2 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Table of Contents Location and Physical Characteristics _____________________________________________4 History_______________________________________________________________________5 Religious and Archaeological Sites ________________________________________________6 Population____________________________________________________________________6 Education ____________________________________________________________________7 Health Status _________________________________________________________________9 Economic Activities ___________________________________________________________10 Agricultural Sector____________________________________________________________11 Institutions and Services _______________________________________________________14 Infrastructure and Natural Resources ____________________________________________14 Impact of the Israeli Occupation _________________________________________________15 Implemented Development Plans and Projects______________________________________16 Locality Development Priorities and Needs ________________________________________17 References___________________________________________________________________19 3 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Idhna Town Profile Location and Physical Characteristics Idhna is a town in Hebron Governorate located 15 km southwest of Hebron City in the southern part of the West Bank. Idhna is bordered by Tarqumiya town to the north, Taffuh town and Hebron city to the east, Al Kum village to the south and the 1949 Armistice Line (the Green Line) to the west (See map 1). Map 1: Idhna location and borders According to Ministry of Local Authority classification, the municipal area of Idhna includes the localities of Idhna, Suba, and Bir Musallam. Idhna is located on low altitude hills ranging from 400m to 480m above sea level with mean annual rainfall in Idhna between 410 and 440, average annual temperature of 19o C, and the average annual humidity is about 60 % (ARIJ GIS). 4 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate A Municipal Council comprised of four members appointed by the Palestinian Authority governed Idhna from 1997-2005. In 2005, a new council was elected, consisting of 13 members with 29 employees. In addition to drafting and implementing development programs, the council provides a number of services to the residents of Idhna, including: Infrastructure services such as water, electricity and solid waste disposal; Health services; Social development services; and Road construction and restoration, and the construction of public buildings, particularly schools. Idhna municipality is divided into departments, which are: General administration Electricity Public relations Accounting and computer services Engineering Health services Water History The name of the town can be traced back to the Canaanite name “Ishna”, roughly translated as “firm” or “strong.” When the place was established as a Roman town, the name became Idhna, as it is known today. (Arraf, 1991) Photo of Idhna 5 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Religious and Archaeological Sites There are a number of mosques in Idhna: Al-‘Umry Mosque, Sa’ad Ben Abi Waqas Mosque, Othman Ben ‘Afan Mosque, Abu Bakr Al Sediq Mosque, ‘Abad al-Rahman Mosque, Bilal Ben Rabah Mosque, Al-Shuhada’ Mosque, Khalet Al Ghazal Mosque, Ahmad Yasin Mosque. Vestiges of Idhna’s long history persist in the form of ruins, generally clustered around the central hill. These include Alali Dar Basher, The Beit al-A’lam Ruins, The Beit al-Laban Ruins, and The Nabi Salih Ruins. (See map 2) In the areas surrounding the town, artifacts, including coins, tombs, and caves from the Canaanite, Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic eras have been found. Map 2: Main locations in Idhna town Population According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the total population of Idhna in 2007 was 19,012; of these, 9,723 were males and 9,289 were females. There were 3,118 households resident in 3,463 housing units, and the average household size was 6.1 at the time of 6 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate the census. The population of Idhna village constituted 3.44 % of the total population of Hebron Governorate. Table 1: Idhna population by locality and sex, 2007 Locality Male Female Total Idhna* 9561 9147 18,708 Bir Musallam* 103 86 189 Suba* 59 56 115 Total** 9,723 9,289 19,012 *Estimated numbers based upon the 1997 Census ** Source: PCBS 2008, Population, Housing and establishment, Census -2007, Final Results Age Groups and Gender The 2007 Census results showed the distribution of the population in terms of age group and sex, data shows that young people are the dominant age group, with 42.3% of 14 years and younger, compared to only 54.4% of the population falling into the 15-64 age group, and 2.8% in the 65+ age group. The sex ratio in the town is 104.7 males for every 100 females, with males in Idhna constituting 51.1% of the population Families The Atumaizeh family and the Al Salimiya family are the two main families that reside in the town. Fifteen other families and nine refugee families constitute the rest of the total population in Idhna. Migration The data collected from Idhna Municipality indicates that there were more than 25 emigrants from the town as a result of the political and economic situation since the beginning of the second Intifada in 2000. Education According to the results of the PCBS Population, Housing and Establishment Census-2007, about 975 persons were illiterate (7.5% of the total population) of whom 72% were female. Of the literate population, 1,806 persons (13.8%) received no schooling, 7,160 persons (54.8%) had elementary and preparatory education, 1,996 persons (15.3%) had secondary education, and 1,125 persons (8.6%) had an associate diploma or a bachelor’s degree. Table 2 shows the educational attainment by sex in Idhna town: 7 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Table 2: Idhna population (10 years and above) by sex and educational attainment S Can Associate Higher E Illiterate read & Elementary Preparatory Secondary Bachelor Master PhD Total Diploma Diploma x write M 272 855 1,634 2,050 1,126 206 475 6 43 17 6,684 F 703 951 1,632 1,844 870 87 284 2 4 1 6,378 T 975 1,806 3,266 3,894 1,996 293 759 8 47 18 13,062 Source: PCBS, 2009. Population, Housing and Establishment Census-2007, Final Results This data includes population figures from the villages of Idhna, Suba, and Bir Musallam There are ten governmental schools in the town; eight are elementary schools and two are secondary schools. Out of the ten schools, five are for males and five are for females; see table 3 for more details. Table 3: Schools in Idhna by name, stage, sex and supervising authority Supervising No. School Name Stage Sex Authority 1. Idhna Elementary Boys School Elementary Male Governmental 2. Idhna Elementary Girls School Elementary Female Governmental 3. Al ‘Awda School Elementary Male Governmental 4. Shuhada' Idhna School Elementary Male Governmental 5. Bani Harith School Elementary Male Governmental
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