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Order of Service the BATTLE of PASSCHENDAELE 12 OCTOBER 2017 TYNE COT CEMETERY ZONNEBEKE, BELGIUM

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Order of Service the BATTLE of PASSCHENDAELE 12 OCTOBER 2017 TYNE COT CEMETERY ZONNEBEKE, BELGIUM THE NEW ZEALAND NATIONAL SERVICE COMMEMORATING Order of Service THE BATTLE OF PASSCHENDAELE 12 OCTOBER 2017 TYNE COT CEMETERY ZONNEBEKE, BELGIUM New Zealand Commemorative Service | 1 Order of Service THE NEW ZEALAND NATIONAL SERVICE COMMEMORATING THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF PASSCHENDAELE 12 OCTOBER 2017 Cover: New Zealand Engineers A New Zealand signaller on resting in a large shell hole a bunker at Gallipoli Farm at Spree Farm, Ypres Salient. in Belgium, 12 October 1917. 12 October 1917. Alexander Alexander Turnbull Library Turnbull Library 1/2-012945-G 1/2-012935-G 2 | 100th Anniversary of the Battle of Passchendaele New Zealand Commemorative Service | 3 Foreword Ng¯a mihi mahana ki a koutou – warm greetings to you all. I welcome this opportunity to provide a message for the commemorative service to mark the 100th anniversary of New Zealand’s participation in the Battle of Passchendaele. A century ago, the impact of the battle was One hundred years on, Passchendaele still felt across New Zealand, touching every evokes images of slaughter and sacrifice in community. When news of the terrible loss of the national memory. Today, we pause and life reached our homeland, hundreds of families reflect on how those sacrifices were made in were plunged into mourning. In some cases, the hope of achieving a better and more more than one family member lost their lives in peaceful world. the battle; and many families suffered anxiety Ka maumahara tonu t¯atou ki a r¯atou – we will about the fate of their loved ones who had been remember them. reported wounded or missing in action. 1917 was a hard and disappointing year for the Allied war effort. In New Zealand, as elsewhere, citizens began to question the scale of the sacrifice. More than ever, there was a determination to secure sustainable peace and The Rt Hon Dame Patsy Reddy, GNZM, QSO security for New Zealand and other nations. Governor-General of New Zealand Rifleman Melville Edwards sitting with his daughter, Raey, shortly before leaving for the Front. Melville was killed at Polygon Wood on 20 November 1917, only three weeks after joining his battalion. Collection of the Hawke's Bay Museum Trust, Ruawharo Ta-u-rangi 19344 4 | 100th Anniversary of the Battle of Passchendaele New Zealand Commemorative Service | 5 About Tyne Cot Tyne Cot Cemetery, circa 1929 An advanced dressing station There are 198 named and 322 Over the next six months, dead Archives New Zealand, ACGO The Tyne Cot Memorial commemorates at Somme Farm in the Ypres unknown New Zealanders buried were buried either side of this 8398, IA76/20, R22252516 Salient. 19 October 1917. 35,000 Allied servicemen who died Alexander Turnbull Library here. 1,166 New Zealanders are Dressing Station. After the 1/2-012928-G commemorated on the Memorial Armistice, Tyne Cot Cemetery in and around Ypres after August 1917 to the Missing. was enlarged and remains and whose graves are ‘known unto On 4 October 1917 the 3rd Australian were brought in from smaller Division captured this ground. One cemeteries nearby. God’. Tyne Cot Cemetery is the largest of the many pill-boxes was used Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery as an Advanced Dressing Station to treat the wounded (where the in the world with over 11,000 burials. Cross of Sacrifice now stands). 6 | 100th Anniversary of the Battle of Passchendaele New Zealand Commemorative Service | 7 The New Zealand Division Stretcher-bearers carrying a wounded soldier in Belgium, at Passchendaele 1917. Puke Ariki Heritage Collections, PHO2006-035 Passchendaele has become a byword for The timing for the next attack was therefore the horror of the Great War. Fought between brought forward, despite rapidly deteriorating 31 July and 2 December 1917 in appalling conditions. The attack, which was conducted conditions, the aim of the battle was by British and Australian troops on 9 October the capture of the Passchendaele Ridge, on a rain soaked bog, collapsed with heavy followed by a strategic breakthrough. casualties, with many of the wounded left on No breakthrough was achieved, and frequent the battlefield. heavy rain, beginning on 1 August, turned Nevertheless, Haig ordered a renewed the battlefield into a morass into which assault on 12 October. The objective for the men, equipment and animals often sank New Zealanders was the rising ground at without trace. Bellevue Spur. Thick mud made it almost When the New Zealand Division entered impossible to bring heavy guns forward, or to the battle in early October 1917 there were stabilise those that were in position, with the still high hopes for success. General Herbert result that the preliminary bombardment Plumer’s Second Army launched successful was ineffective. attacks on 20 and 26 September, relying on When the New Zealanders attacked at 5.25 massive artillery concentrations behind which a.m., they were pinned down in shell holes the infantry advanced a short distance before and unable to advance beyond the untouched halting and consolidating. German wire and intact concrete pillboxes. The New Zealand Division took part in the The toll was horrendous. 960 New Zealanders third of these assaults, on 4 October, with had been killed or would die of their wounds, the Gravenstafel Spur as its objective. The and another 2,000 were wounded or taken attack, launched by nine divisions at 6 a.m. prisoner. under a devastating barrage, was a stunning During the month that the New Zealand success. The New Zealanders advanced over Division was engaged at Passchendaele at Above: Funeral of Lieutenant Right: New Zealand Rifle Colonel George King who Brigade soldiers playing 1,000 metres and captured 1,100 prisoners. least 1,900 New Zealand soldiers lost their was killed in action on 12 cards in camp near Ypres, The cost, however, was 1,600 casualties lives and another 4,100 were wounded or October 1917. 17 October 1917. circa 19 September 1917. of which some 500 had been either killed or evacuated sick. The impact on the Division Alexander Turnbull Library Alexander Turnbull Library 1/2-012984-G 1/1-002033-G mortally wounded. and on families at home in New Zealand was The great success of Plumer’s three attacks devastating. It took many months to rebuild led the British commander-in-chief, Sir the confidence of the soldiers, while in Douglas Haig, to conclude that a knockout New Zealand people began to question the blow was within grasp if the enemy were scale of their sacrifice. Few believed that given no time to re-organise. New Zealand could ever withstand another Passchendaele. 8 | 100th Anniversary of the Battle of Passchendaele New Zealand Commemorative Service | 9 The New Zealand Defence Force Contingent The New Zealand Defence Force Contingent The joining of the physical world to the has come from all over New Zealand for this spiritual realm heightens the respect and commemoration. The Contingent includes a homage we pay to our fallen comrades. band, the M¯aori Cultural Group, ceremonial Regimental colours are flags that bear selected personnel (regimental colour parties, battle honours and emblems of a unit’s service catafalque guard and flag orderlies), a group and symbolise the spirit of a regiment. The of 14 New Zealand Youth Ambassadors, colour parties’ role is to accompany the Willie Apiata VC, Official Historian Dr Ian regimental colours. The 2/4 Battalion Royal McGibbon ONZM, and BJ Clark QSM, The New Zealand Infantry Regiment (RNZIR) Royal New Zealand Returned and Services' colour party is carrying the 4th Otago and Association National President. Southland Battalion regimental colour which The New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) has 21 battle honours, including “Ypres 1917”, band consists of musicians selected “Passchendaele 1917” and “Messines 1917”. The from the New Zealand Army Band, the 3/6 Battalion RNZIR colour party is carrying Royal New Zealand Navy Band and the the 6th Hauraki Battalion regimental colour Royal New Zealand Air Force Band. Military on which are displayed 21 battle honours, musicians embody the ethos and values of including “Broodseinde” and “Messines 1917”. the NZDF and the individuals selected feel a great sense of honour and responsibility in commemorating those who fought and died at Passchendaele 100 years ago. The New Zealand Defence Force Mäori Cultural Group provides a uniquely New Zealand perspective to the New Zealand services of remembrance, joining the protocols and traditions from Mäori customs to those of the military. Brass band playing at the New Zealand Rifle Brigade camp close to the line near Ypres. 19 September 1917. Alexander Turnbull Library 1/4-009492-G 10 | 100th Anniversary of the Battle of Passchendaele New Zealand Commemorative Service | 11 Order of Service Announcements National Anthems Nicole Jamieson, Narrator The National Anthem of the Please stand Kingdom of Belgium Led by Leading Aircraftsman Barbara Graham Catafalque Guard Mounts Royal New Zealand Air Force Band O dierbaar België, O heilig land der Vaad'ren, Belgian Flag Bearers March In Onze ziel en ons hart zijn u gewijd. Please be seated Aanvaard ons kracht en bloed van ons ad'ren, Wees ons doel in arbeid en in strijd. Please stand for the arrival of the Official Party Bloei, o land, in eendracht niet te breken; Wees immer uzelf en ongeknecht, Remain standing for the Parading of the Het woord getrouw, dat g' onbevreesd moogt spreken, Regimental Colours Voor Vorst, voor Vrijheid en voor Recht! Het woord getrouw, dat g' onbevreesd moogt spreken, The Regimental Colour of the 4th Otago Voor Vorst, voor Vrijheid en voor Recht! Southland Battalion carried by 2/4 Battalion Voor Vorst, voor Vrijheid en voor Recht! Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment Voor Vorst, voor Vrijheid en voor Recht! and The National Anthem of New Zealand The Regimental Colour of the 6th Hauraki Led by Sergeant David Fiu Battalion carried by 3/6 Battalion Royal New Zealand Army Band New Zealand Infantry Regiment E Ihowä Atua God of nations at thy feet Please remain standing for the National Anthems O ngä iwi mätou rä In the bonds of love we meet of the Kingdom of Belgium and of New Zealand Äta whakarongona Hear our voices, we entreat, Me aroha noa God defend our free land.
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