DOCSLIB.ORG

The Diffusion of Shrimp HYV and Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Diffusion of Shrimp HYV and Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation High Value Agricultural Commodities in Indonesia WORKING PAPER | October 2013 The Diffusion of Shrimp HYV and Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation Dale Yi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was prepared as part of a project entitled “Transforming Markets for High-Value Agricultural Commodities in Indonesia: Promoting Competitiveness and Inclusion.” The project was a collaborative effort, implemented by the InternationalSUMMARY Food | PolicyAPRIL 2010 Research Institute (IFPRI), the University of Adelaide, Michigan State University, the Indonesian Centre for Agriculture, Socio-Economic, and Policy Studies (ICASEPS), the Centre for Agrifood Policy and Agribusiness Studies (CAPAS). ICASEPS is a research institute affiliated with the Ministry of Agriculture and based in Bogor. CAPAS is affiliated with the University of Padjadjaran in Bandung. The study was made possible by funding from the Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research (ACIAR). The project researchers gratefully acknowledge the support and guidance provided by ACIAR project managers Simon Hearn and David Shearer. 2 CONTENTS Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 5 Theoretical Model ................................................................................................SUMMARY............... | APRIL 2010 6 Simple Village Decision Rule ................................................................................................ 6 Household’s Optimization Problem ........................................................................................ 6 Updating Land Endowment with Erosion Loss ...................................................................................................................... 7 Updating Village Mangrove Stock ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Solution to the Household Problem ........................................................................................ 7 Backward Induction Solution ................................................................................................ 8 Data ............................................................................................................................... 8 Provinces Selection .......................................................................................................... 9 Central Java (CJ) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9 South Sulawesi (SS) ................................................................................................................................................................... 9 District Selection ............................................................................................................. 9 Village Level Census ......................................................................................................... 9 Model Specification and Hypotheses ......................................................................................... 9 Dependent Variable: Village Planted Mangroves ( ) .................................................................. 9 Explanatory Variables ................................................................푌푣푡 ........................................ 9 Prices ( ) .................................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Mangrove푝푣 ( ) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Village Characteristics푀푣 ( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Village HYV Technology 퐻푣Diffusion ( ) ............................................................................................................................... 10 Village Land ( ) ................................푉푣.................................................................................................................................... 11 Estimation Method푇푣 ............................................................................................................. 11 Functional Form & Nonlinearity ........................................................................................... 11 Estimation with Instrumental Variables .................................................................................. 11 Descriptive Results ............................................................................................................. 12 Regression Results ............................................................................................................. 12 HYV Diffusion Equation ..................................................................................................... 12 Mangrove Planting Equation ............................................................................................... 13 Summary and Conclusions..................................................................................................... 13 References ...................................................................................................................... 15 Appendix ........................................................................................................................ 17 About the Authors ................................................................................................................................................................... 21 3 LIST OF TABLES SUMMARY | APRIL 2010 Table 1. Descriptive statistics by mangrove replanting status .......................................................... 18 Table 2. HYV diffusion equation ............................................................................................. 19 Table 3. Covariance parameters ............................................................................................. 19 Table 4. Mangrove labor equation ........................................................................................... 20 Table 5. Marginal probabilities ............................................................................................... 20 4 INTRODUCTION Mangroves are an important natural resource found on tropical coastlines, and they serve as an important protective barrier against the threat of erosion and subsidence into the ocean (Barbier, 2007; Rönnbäck, 1999). However, urbanization and expansion of farms have put pressure on mangrove forests (Barbier & Cox, 2004; Ron & Padilla, 1999; Valiela et al., 2001). This has resulted in the destruc- tion of 86% of the world’s mangrove resources in the last quarter century, leaving many coastal communities inSUMMARY a “world witho| APRILut 2010 mangroves” (Duke et al., 2007), and exposed to the threat of coastal erosion. In light of the poor state of mangrove forests, attention is shifting away from passive conservation efforts towards active replant- ing programs to rehabilitate lost forests. Governments have been keen on rehabilitating mangrove forests to protect valuable land in coastal communities, however centrally planned mangrove planting programs have faced many challenges and were met with limited success (Walters et al., 2008). As a result, attention is now focusing more on how to initiate and support community-based efforts to plant mangroves on vulnerable coastlines. This study examines the rise of community-based mangrove planting initiatives in Indonesia, a country of over 17,000 islands with 54,000km of coastline (CIA, 2013) that has vested interest in preventing coastal erosion. Recently, Indonesian villages have been observed replanting coastal mangrove forests on coastlines (Babo & Froehlich, 1998), however, the factors that are driving these villages to rehabilitate mangroves have not yet been identified. The main objective of this study is to identify the factors that are motivating coastal villages in Indonesia to replant mangroves forests, and what factors may be preventing other villages from doing the same. In essence, the planting of mangrove forests is a type of investment into soil conservation. It is similar in concept to the use of bunds, terraces, and conservation tillage practices, the adoption of which has been studied at the household level (Knowler & Bradshaw, 2007). Unlike the common soil conservation measures studied in the literature, mangrove forests are more of a common- pool resource in that: (1) they provide benefits to all members of the coastal community in the form of erosion and subsidence mitigation; (2) it is difficult to exclude specific community members from mangrove benefits, and; (3) the magnitude of benefits that the community accrues depends on the participation of individual community members in replanting mangroves in the community. This study adds to the literature on soil-conservation by modeling the replanting of mangroves, a common-pool soil resource, at the village community level. We focus our analysis on the effect of two important factors on the rehabilitation of mangrove
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Econometric Analysis for Cargo Throughput Determinants in Belawan International Container Terminal, Indonesia
    World Maritime University The Maritime Commons: Digital Repository of the World Maritime University World Maritime University Dissertations Dissertations 11-3-2019 An econometric analysis for cargo throughput determinants in Belawan International Container Terminal, Indonesia Taufik Haris Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations Part of the Economics Commons, and the Transportation Commons Recommended Citation Haris, Taufik, An" econometric analysis for cargo throughput determinants in Belawan International Container Terminal, Indonesia" (2019). World Maritime University Dissertations. 1204. https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations/1204 This Dissertation is brought to you courtesy of Maritime Commons. Open Access items may be downloaded for non-commercial, fair use academic purposes. No items may be hosted on another server or web site without express written permission from the World Maritime University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WORLD MARITIME UNIVERSITY Malmö, Sweden AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR CARGO THROUGHPUT DETERMINANTS IN BELAWAN INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER TERMINAL, INDONESIA By TAUFIK HARIS Indonesia A dissertation submitted to the World Maritime University in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In MARITIME AFFAIRS (PORT MANAGEMENT) 2019 Copyright: Taufik Haris, 2019 DECLARATION I certify that all the material in this dissertation that is not my own work has been identified, and that no material is included for which a degree has previously been conferred on me. The contents of this dissertation reflect my own personal views, and are not necessarily endorsed by the University. Signature : Date : 2019.09.24 Supervised by : Professor Dong-Wook Song Supervisor’s Affiliation : PM ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT First, I want to say Alhamdulillah, my deepest gratitude to Allah SWT for his blessings for me to be able to complete this dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Container Transport Network Analysis of Investment Region and Port Transhipment for Sulawesi Economic Corridor
    International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821 Volume 3, Issue 4(April 2014), PP.01-07 Container Transport Network Analysis of Investment Region and Port Transhipment for Sulawesi Economic Corridor 1 2 3 4 Paulus Raga , M. Yamin Jinca , Saleh Pallu , and Ganding Sitepu 1Doctoral Student Department of Civil Engineering, Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia 2Professor, Dr.-Ing.,-MSTr.,Ir.in Transportation Engineering Department of Civil Engineering University of Hasanuddin Makassar, Indonesia 3 Professor, Dr.Ir. M.,Eng, Water Resources Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia 4 Doctor in Transportation Engineering Department of Civil Engineering University of Hasanuddin Makassar, Indonesia Abstract:- Sulawesi Island is an area of land that is coherent with the sea area, flanked by Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes (IASL) 2 and 3. The existence of means and a reliable infrastructure are to accelerate economic development. Connectivity between transhipment ports are relatively good and economic node. The integration of international and intermodal are still low. It’s required network development across the western and eastern cross-node connectivity and the development of sea ports. Multimodal transport between the port transshipment and node of Attention Investment Region (AIR) as regional seizure of goods to be transported by container needs to be supported with improved facilities at the port of loading and unloading
    [Show full text]
  • Analisis Pelayanan Penujwpang Di Pelabuhan Makassar Dalam Perspektif Transportasi Antarmoda Analysis of Passenger Service In
    ANALISIS PELAYANAN PENUJWPANG DI PELABUHAN MAKASSAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF TRANSPORTASI ANTARMODA ANALYSIS OF PASSENGER SERVICE IN MAKASSAR PORT IN PERSPECTIVE INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION WinA.kustia Peneliti Bidang Transportasi Multimoda-Badan Litbang Perhubungan Jl. Medan Merdeka Timur No. 5 Jakarta Pusat 10110 email : [email protected] Diterima: 5 Maret 2013, Revisi 1: 27 Maret 2013, Revisi 2: 10 April 2013, Disetujui: 26 April 2013 ABSTRAK Pelabuhan Soekamo- Hatta di Makassar merupakan salah satu pelabuhan besar di Indonesia. Moda angkutan jalan yang biasa beroperasi di depan pelabuhan ini adalah Bus Damri, becak, taksi, dan angkot. Angkot di Makassar lebih dikenal dengan sebutan pete-pete, beroperasi hingga malam sekitar pukul 20.00. Perpaduan antara moda laut dengan moda jalan perlu ditata dalam suatu sistem pelayanan terpadu. Selain itu alih moda perlu disesuaikan dengan harapan masyarakat, yang pada dasamya menginginkan kelancaran dan kenyamanan. Maksud dari penelitian adalah melakukan penelitian pelayanan penumpang antarmoda di Pelabuhan Makassar, dengan tujuan membuat konsep peningkatan pelayanan penumpang antarmoda di Pelabuhan Makassar. Pengumpulan data antara lain tentang: petunjuk arah menuju lokasi pemberhentian angkutan kota, kondisi fisik jalan menuju lokasi pemberhentian angkutan kota, kenyamanan dan keamanan, kemudahan memperoleh informasi, dan lain-lain. Hasil kajian dapat disimpulkan bahwa petugas keamanan belum optimal dalam melaksanakan tugasnya, dan lokasi pemberhentian angkutan lanjutan belum menjadi wilayah kendalinya. Perlu disediakan pedestrian khusus untuk menuju ke lokasi ) angkutan lanjutan, sehingga memberi rasa nyaman dan aman. Petunjuk arah bagi pengguna jasa yang meliputi penempatan, ukuran huruf yang digunakan, wama huruf, serta latar belakang papan, masih belum distandarkan sehingga sulit dikenali dan tidak mudah dilihat dari jarak jauh. Kata kunci : kemudahan, alih moda ABSTRACT Soekarno-Hatta Port of Makassar is the one of the major ports in Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations (UN/LOCODE) for Indonesia
    United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations (UN/LOCODE) for Indonesia N.B. To check the official, current database of UN/LOCODEs see: https://www.unece.org/cefact/locode/service/location.html UN/LOCODE Location Name State Functionality Status Coordinatesi ID 5AN Bangkalan JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0701S 11244E ID 5BA Bayah JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0655S 10615E ID 5BO Bondowoso JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0755S 11349E ID 5BT Batubantar JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0621S 10602E ID 5CI Ciamis JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0720S 10821E ID 5GK Gunung Kidul JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0604S 10620E ID 5LE Lembang JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0648S 10737E ID 5MA Majalengka KB Road terminal; Recognised location 0650S 10813E ID 5MT Magetan JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0739S 11120E ID 5NG Nganjuk JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0736S 11155E ID 5PE Petamburan JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0611S 10648E ID 5PN Pangandaran JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0741S 10839E ID 5PP Pacitan JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0812S 11107E ID 5SA Salemba JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0611S 10651E ID 5SP Sampang JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0712S 11314E ID 5SS Pamekasan JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0710S 11328E ID 5SU Sumedang JB Road terminal; Recognised location 0651S 10754E ID 5TR Trenggalek JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0803S 11143E ID 5TU Batu JI Road terminal; Recognised location 0752S 11231E ID 6DI Wajo SN Road
    [Show full text]
  • Data Collection Survey on Outer-Ring Fishing Ports Development in the Republic of Indonesia
    Data Collection Survey on Outer-ring Fishing Ports Development in the Republic of Indonesia FINAL REPORT October 2010 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) A1P INTEM Consulting,Inc. JR 10-035 Data Collection Survey on Outer-ring Fishing Ports Development in the Republic of Indonesia FINAL REPORT September 2010 Japan International Cooperation Agency （JICA） INTEM Consulting,Inc. Preface （挿入） Map of Indonesia (Target Area) ④Nunukan ⑥Ternate ⑤Bitung ⑦Tual ②Makassar ① Teluk Awang ③Kupang Currency and the exchange rate IDR 1 = Yen 0.01044 (May 2010, JICA Foreign currency exchange rate) Contents Preface Map of Indonesia (Target Area) Currency and the exchange rate List of abbreviations/acronyms List of tables & figures Executive summary Chapter 1 Outline of the study 1.1Background ･････････････････ 1 1.1.1 General information of Indonesia ･････････････････ 1 1.1.2 Background of the study ･････････････････ 2 1.2 Purpose of the study ･････････････････ 3 1.3 Target areas of the study ･････････････････ 3 Chapter 2 Current status and issues of marine capture fisheries 2.1 Current status of the fisheries sector ･････････････････ 4 2.1.1 Overview of the sector ･････････････････ 4 2.1.2 Status and trends of the fishery production ･････････････････ 4 2.1.3 Fishery policy framework ･････････････････ 7 2.1.4 Investment from the private sector ･････････････････ 12 2.2 Current status of marine capture fisheries ･････････････････ 13 2.2.1 Status and trends of marine capture fishery production ･･･････ 13 2.2.2 Distribution and consumption of marine
    [Show full text]
  • The Feasibility Analysis of Container Terminal in Makassar As an International Port of Era Free Trade
    International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821 Volume 6, Issue 1 (January 2017), PP.46-52 The Feasibility Analysis of Container Terminal in Makassar As an International Port of Era Free Trade Muhammad Idris1, Muh.Asdar2, Ganding Sitepu3 ¹Postgraduate Student, At Master Degree of Transportation, Faculty of Postgraduate, Hasanuddin University, ²Professor, ³Lecturer, Transportation Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Makassar-Indonesia Abstract: Ports are sea transport node being a liaison with other area facilities to carry out trading activities. Makassar is the Axis Maritime of Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lanes II (IASL II) in Eastern Indonesia. The strategic position led to Makassar need to develop sea transport and container terminal facilities to support the development of trade in Makassar and the surrounding area. This study aims to explain (1) the facilities and infrastructure at the Port of Makassar, (2) the performance of port operations and surplus loading and unloading activities and (3) conditions hinterland, the geography of the city of Makassar and it is surroundings in supporting the Makassar Container Terminal as an international port. This study is a survey research in the form of descriptive analysis. The results of this study showed that the Port of Makassar container is feasible to become International Port for fulfilling some aspects of the requirement that the International Port. The strategy is to be prepared, namely: 1) improvement of port management, 2) improvement of port facilities and infrastructure, and 3) improvement of port services Keywords: Transport, Ports, Container Terminal, Feasibility I. INTRODUCTION In the era of globalization such as the current transport has role important in human life as one of the elements that determines the development of a State.
    [Show full text]
  • Macassan History and Heritage Journeys, Encounters and Influences
    Macassan History and Heritage Journeys, Encounters and Influences Edited by Marshall Clark and Sally K. May Macassan History and Heritage Journeys, Encounters and Influences Edited by Marshall Clark and Sally K. May Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Clark, Marshall Alexander, author. Title: Macassan history and heritage : journeys, encounters and influences / Marshall Clark and Sally K. May. ISBN: 9781922144966 (paperback) 9781922144973 (ebook) Notes: Includes bibliographical references. Subjects: Makasar (Indonesian people)--Australia. Northern--History. Fishers--Indonesia--History Aboriginal Australians--Australia, Northern--Foreign influences. Aboriginal Australians--History. Australia--Discovery and exploration. Other Authors/Contributors: May, Sally K., author. Dewey Number: 303.482 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover images: Fishing praus and cured trepang in the Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi. Source: Marshall Clark. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2013 ANU E Press Contents 1. Understanding the Macassans: A regional approach .........1 Marshall Clark and Sally K. May 2. Studying trepangers. 19 Campbell Macknight 3. Crossing the great divide: Australia and eastern Indonesia ... 41 Anthony Reid 4. Histories with traction: Macassan contact in the framework of Muslim Australian history ....................... 55 Regina Ganter 5. Interpreting the Macassans: Language exchange in historical encounters ..................................
    [Show full text]
  • Container Sea Transportation Demand in Eastern Indonesia
    International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821 Volume 2, Issue 9 (September 2013), PP.19-25 Container Sea Transportation Demand in Eastern Indonesia L. Denny Siahaan1, M. Yamin Jinca2, Shirly Wunas3, and M. Saleh Pallu4 1Doctoral Student Department of Civil Engineering, Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia 2Professor, Dr.-Ing.,-MSTr., in Transportation Engineering Department of Civil Engineering, Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia 3Professor, Dr.Ir.,DEA, In City and Regional Planning at Department of Civil Engineering, Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia 4Professor, Dr.Ir. M.,Eng, Water Resources Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia Abstract:- Potential demand of sea transport for containers will grow rapidly along with the development of the processing industry in the region development of an integrated economy and regional strategies, or Economic Corridor conceptual of Master Plan for Accelaration and Expansion of Indonesia Economic Development (MP3EI) in Eastern Indonesia. The changes in the function of the port into a multipurpose port serving conventional and container transport. The problem that arises is the pier and container handling facility requires adjustment, unless neither special container port Makassar and Bitung, nor the limited land development for land side facilities. Geometric conditions of the road connecting the port to the hinterland and have not planned for container services. Collector and feeder ports require adjustments to the revitalization of demand load wheels and multi-pack. Keywords:- Economic Potential, containers cargo, Sea Transportation and ports development. I. INTRODUCTION Indonesia is an archipelago, consisting of 17,508 islands, 2/3 (two thirds) and a sea area of the main and Gropus island.
    [Show full text]
  • Ictsi's Global Expansion: a Risky Proposition?
    ICTSI’S GLOBAL EXPANSION: A RISKY PROPOSITION? October 2017 | 1 | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Philippine-based International Container of these violations are in breach of domestic Terminal Services Inc. (ICTSI) is one of the fastest law in the countries where ICTSI operates and growing and most profitable terminal operators contravene international conventions. They also in the world. Established in 1987, ICTSI has contravene ICTSI’s own internal policies, calling ambitiously expanded its global operations and into question ICTSI’s ability to effectively manage now operates 29 container terminals globally. The their global network and ensure the same ITF, and unions in ICTSI terminals, have observed standards across all terminals. an emerging pattern of labour rights violations across the ICTSI network. These violations include: The ITF is committed to: standing with unions paying poverty wages; a failure to respect the in ICTSI terminals to bring an end to labour right to freedom of association; poor safety violations across the company’s global business; standards; and illegal outsourcing of labour. Many and ensuring decent working conditions for ICTSI OPERATIONS Port of Tuxpan Port of Manzanillo Puerto Cortes Port of Buenaventura Port of Guayaquil Port of Port of Matadi Suape Port of Buenos Aires | 2 | all dock workers. Just as the ITF has stood with The ITF has stood in solidarity workers in Indonesia and Madagascar in their campaigns to ensure that ICTSI respects national with dock workers at ICTSI labour laws and international labour conventions. terminals in Indonesia and Despite the ongoing risk of volatility at these terminals, and the impacts on multiple port Madagascar who have been stakeholders (including government officials and fighting for better wages and major global brands), the company has failed to act to resolve these disputes.
    [Show full text]
  • Makassar Where Security and Quality of Goods Are the Shipper Jakarta Cement China : 24  9 Days 5 Days Responsibility
    President Director PT P e l a b u h a n I n d o n e s i a IV ( P e r s e r o ) Dr. H. Farid Padang S.T, M.M MACRO ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF PT PELINDO IV (11 PROVINCE) North Maluku North Kalimantan North Sulawesi Gorontalo East Kalimantan West Papua Central PAPUA Sulawesi Southeast Sulawesi South Sulawesi Pelindo 4 Working Area : Total area ±863.748 km² ±49,7% of total area Indonesia STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT OF NATIONAL GOODS TRANSPORTATION RELATED TO CARGO SECTORS POTENTIAL, INFRASTRUCTURE, POLICIES AND OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE HIGHER POTENTIAL OF CARGO AND LOW CAPACITY OF CARGO INFRASTRUCTURE International and national cargo potential around 1,1 - 1,2 Billion ton, 550 Million ton food dry bulk, energy and mining material around 7-8 Million TEUs cargo, but the capacity of port infrastructure, airports, highways and railroad facilities at the average level of 50-60 percent from the capacity (source: IPERINDO, 2015) REGIONAL ECONOMIC GAP Regional Economic Gap will still occur in the next few years, where the Western Indonesia (Sumatera and Java) still contributing 80,21% from total of national gross domestic product, whereas KTI (Eastern Indonesia) as a whole only contributes around 19,79% of national gross domestic product in Quarter I Year 2018 (source: Bappenas, 2018) DEMOGRAPHY BONUS AND HIGH CONSUMPTION POTENTIALS Unbalanced Population distribution. The population of Indonesia in 2019 is around 271 million, where 56% live on Java. Meanwhile, the proportion of urban residents in Indonesia will continue to grow, in 2020 is around 56,7% (source: UNFPA-Bappenas, 2014).
    [Show full text]
  • UNECE Recommendation No. 16, UNLOCODE, Version: 2017-2
    Location Codes [UNECE Recommendation No. 16, UNLOCODE, Version: 2017-2] Code Description BNBWN Bandar Seri Begawan BNKUB Kuala Belait BNLUM Lumut BNMUA Muara BNSER Seria BNBAG Bangar BNTUT Tutong BNTAS Tanjong Salirong ID5AN Bangkalan ID5BO Bondowoso ID5BT Batubantar ID5CI Ciamis ID5GK Gunung Kidul ID5LE Lembang ID5MA Majalengka ID5MT Magetan ID5NG Nganjuk ID5PE Petamburan ID5PN Pangandaran ID5PP Pacitan ID5SA Salemba ID5SP Sampang ID5SS Pamekasan ID5SU Sumedang ID5TR Trenggalek ID5TU Batu ID6DI Wajo IDAAS Apalapsili IDABU Atambua IDADB Adang Bay IDAEG Aekgodang IDAGD Anggi IDAHI Amahai IDAJN Arjuna, Java IDAJS Arjasa IDAKE Akeselaka IDAMA Amamapare, Ij IDAMI Mataram IDAMP Ampenan, Bali IDAMQ Ambon, Molucas IDANC Ancol IDANG Angar IDANK Angke IDANO Anoa Natuna Pt. IDANR Anyer Kidul IDAPI Api Api IDAPN Ampana IDARB Aroe Bay IDARD Alor Island IDARJ Arso IDASI Asike IDAUN Arun IDAYW Ayawasi IDBA2 Baralaja IDBAD Badau IDBAH Bahudopi IDBAJ Banjarnegara IDBAK Batu Kilat IDBAL Balongan Terminal IDBAM Batuampar IDBAY Banyumas IDBDG Bandengan IDBDJ Banjarmasin IDBDN Buduran IDBDO Bandung, Java IDBEJ Berau IDBEK Bekapai Terminal IDBEN Benete IDBES Bekasi Timur IDBET Belida Terminal IDBGG Banggai IDBIK Biak, Irian Jaya IDBIR Biringkassi IDBIT Bitung, Sulawesi IDBJB Banjarbaru IDBJG Bolaang IDBJI Binjai IDBJN Banjaran IDBJU Banjuwangi, Java IDBJW Bajawa IDBKA Bekasi IDBKI Bengkalis, St IDBKS Bengkulu, Sumatra IDBKY Bengkayang IDBLH Balohan IDBLI Blinju, Banka IDBLL Blang Lancang, St IDBLO Blora IDBLT Belitung IDBLV Beliling IDBLW Belawan, Sumatra
    [Show full text]
  • South Sulawesi's Economy
    Overview: South Sulawesi’s economy By Kevin Evans, Marlene Millott May 2020 South Sulawesi’s economy 1 Overview: South Sulawesi’s economy Authors: Kevin Evans and Marlene Millott Editorial: Tim Fitzgerald May 2020 You are allowed to copy, distribute, and transmit this work for non-commercial purposes. Disclaimer The report is a general overview and is not intended to provide exhaustive coverage of the topic. The information is made available on the understanding that the AIC is not offering professional advice. While care is taken to ensure the information in this report is accurate, we do not accept any liability for any loss arising from reliance on the information, or any error or omission, in the report. We do not endorse any company or activity referred to in the report, and do not accept responsibility for any losses suffered in connection with any company or its activities. The Partnership for Australia-Indonesia Research (PAIR) The Partnership for Australia-Indonesia Research (PAIR), an initiative of The Australia-Indonesia Centre, is supported by the Australian Government and run in partnership with the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology, the Indonesian Ministry of Transport, the South Sulawesi Provincial Government and many organisations and individuals from communities and industry. Read more at pair.ausindcentre.org The Australia-Indonesia Centre The Australia-Indonesia Centre is a bilateral research consortium supported by both governments, leading universities and industry. Established in 2014, the Centre works to advance the people-to- people and institutional links between the two nations in the fields of science, technology, education, and innovation.
    [Show full text]