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ESA Solar System Missions
Small Missions and the Science Programme of ESA Alvaro Gimenez, Director of Science and Robotic Exploration 26 February 2014 2 2 Astro-H suzaku corot Science Programme building blocks “Large” (Ariane 5-class) missions 1. High innovation content 2. European flagships 3. 1 B€ class 4. 3 per 20 years Herschel XMM-Newton Rosetta BepiColombo L3 L2 JUICE BepiColombo GAIA Herschel Rosetta XMM STSP 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 H2000 H2000+ CV 2040 2035 2030 2025 2020 2015 2010 2005 2000 1995 1990 0 2 4 6 8 10 Science Programme building blocks “Medium” (Soyuz-class) missions 1. Makes use of current cutting-edge technology 2. Programme workhorse 3. 500 M€ class Planck 4. 3-4 per 10 years Euclid Solar Orbiter Mars Express 2040 2030 2020 2010 2000 1990 1980 0 5 10 15 20 Science Programme building blocks Missions of Opportunity 1. Moderate-size participation of the ESA Science Programme in missions led by partners 2. Format can vary 3. Increase flight and science opportunities for European scientists COROT ASTRO-H Hinode Double Star Science Programme building blocks Small missions a. New Programme element, still “experimental” b. Fast and with ESA CaC = 0.1 yearly budget c. Increase flight opportunities for European scientists d. Example: CHEOPS PLATO EUCLID SOLAR JUICE Astro H ORBITER µSCOPE Cheops ExoMars JWST BEPI LISA PF GAIA COLOMBO Akari Proba 2 Chandrayaan PLANCK Hinode HERSCHEL COROT ROSETTA Double Star SMART INTEGRAL Suzaku 1 SOHO VENUS MARS XMM F 2 CLUSTER → EXPRESS EXPRESS NEWTON CLUSTER HUYGENS ULYSSES ISO Time II HST 2030 2025 2020 2015 2010 2005 2000 1995 1990 1985 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Small missions a. -
Observation of Pc 3/5 Magnetic Pulsations Around the Cusp at Mid Altitude
1 OBSERVATION OF PC 3/5 MAGNETIC PULSATIONS AROUND THE CUSP AT MID ALTITUDE Liu Yonghua(1), Liu Ruiyuan(1), B. J. Fraser(2), S. T. Ables(2), Xu Zhonghua(1), Zhang Beichen(1), Shi Jiankui(3), Liu Zhenxing(3), Huang Dehong(1), Hu Zejun(1), Chen Zhuotian(1), Wang Xiao(3), Malcolm Dunlop(4), A. Balogh(5) (1) Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Rd., Shanghai 200136, P. R. CHINA, [email protected] (2) The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW 2308, AUSTRALIA, [email protected] (3)The Center of Space Science & Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Post Box8701, Beijing 100080, jkshi@@center.cssar.ac.cn (4) The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, DIDCOT, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK, [email protected] (5)Space and Atmospheric Physics Group, Imperial College, London, [email protected] ABSTRACT transmitted straightforwardly from solar wind to the ionosphere (Bolshakova & Troitskaia, 1984). So far most Since launched in year 2000 the Cluster mission has research work on such topic are on basis of observation passed the region around the cusp at mid-altitude (~6Re) at ground or/and data from satellite located in the for many times, where ULF wave activities are rich in. upstream of solar wind or in the magnetosheath. To my From 0800 to 1300UT on October 30 2002 the Cluster knowledge, few authors take a study based on the spacecrafts ran along an orbit of southern cusp- measurement at the mid-altitude of the cusp. It seems plasmasphere-northern cusp that provides an excellent reasonable to assume that such a measurement be a direct observation of ULF waves in dayside magnetosphere. -
Gamma Leonis B
Gamma Leonis b The planetary system Gamma Leonis hosts at least one planet. Note that the system is a multiple star system. It hosts at least 2 stellar components. System parameters. Primary system name. Gamma Leonis. Alternative system names. N/A. Gamma-2 Leonis. Alternative star names. gamma 1 Leo, gam01 Leo, γ1 Leo, γ1 Leonis, γ Leo A, Gamma Leonis A, gamma Leo A, gam Leo A, Algieba A, Al Gieba A, HD 89484, HIP 50583 A, TYC 1423-1349-1, SAO 81298, BD+20 2467 A, WDS J10200+1950 A, STF 1424 A. Gamma Leonis's wiki: Gamma Leonis (γ Leo, γ Leonis) is a binary star system in the constellation Leo. It has the traditional name Algieba or Al Gieba . Name origin and history The name Algieba originates from the Arabic الجبهة Al-Jabhah Gamma Leonis b is an extrasolar planet located 125.5 light years away in the constellation Leo, orbiting the giant star Gamma Leonis. On November 6, 2009, a planetary companion around primary star Gamma1 Leonis has been announced. Moreover radial velocity variations would also hint two strong signals at 8.5 and 1340 days. The former periodicity is likely due to stellar pulsation, whereas the latter could be indicative of the presence of an additional planetary companion with 2.14 Jupiter masses Gamma Leonis (γ Leo / γ Leonis) is a binary star system in the constellation Leo. It also has the traditional name Algieba or Al Gieba. Name origin and history. The name "Algieba" originates from the Arabic "Al-Jabhah", meaning "the forehead". -
China's Space Industry and International Collaboration
China’s Space Industry and International Collaboration Presenter: Ju Jin Title: Minister Counselor,the Embassy of P.R.China Date: Feb 27,2008 Brief History • 52 years since 1956, first space institute established • Learning from Soviet Union until 1960 • U.S.A.’s close door policy until now • China’s self-reliance Policy Major Achievements • 12 series of Long March Launching Rockets • >100 Launches • >80 satellites in remote sensing, telecommunication, GPS, scientific experiment • Manned space flights——Shenzhou 5 (2003) and Shenzhou 6 (2005) • Lunar Exploration Project——Chang’e 1 (2007) LM-2F Launch Vehicle • Stages 1 & 2 & 4 strap-on boosters • 58.3 meters long • Launch Mass: 480 tons • Total Thrust : 600 tons • Reliability & Safety Index: 0.97 & 0.997 • 10 Sub-Systems Manned Space Flight--Shenzhou 6 Manned Space Flight--Shenzhou 6 Lunar Probe Project--Change-1 First Lunar Surface Photos Lunar Probe Project—Change 1 • 3 Years • 17,000 Scientists and Engineers • Young Team averaged in the age of 30s • 100% China-Made • Technology Breakthroughs – All-direction Antenna – Ultra-violet Sensor International Exchange and Cooperation: Main Activities Over the recent years, China has signed cooperation agreements on the peaceful use of outer space and space project cooperation agreements with Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France, Malaysia, Pakistan, Russia, Ukraine, the ESA and the European Commission, and has established space cooperation subcommittee or joint commission mechanisms with Brazil, France, Russia and Ukraine. China and the ESA z Sino-ESA Double Star Satellite Exploration of the Earth's Space Plan. z "Dragon Program," involving cooperation in Earth observation satellites, having so far conducted 16 remote-sensing application projects in the fields of agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, meteorology, oceanography and disasters. -
Exo-Mercat a Merged Exoplanet Catalog
Exo-MerCat a merged exoplanet catalog 1,2 Eleonora Alei , Riccardo Claudi1, Andrea Bignamini3, Marco Molinaro3 1 INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova 2 DFA-UNIPD – Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università degli Studi di Padova 3 INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste IVOA Interoperability meeting Paris, 12-17 May 2019 Overview • Online exoplanet catalogs: state of the art • Raw statistics with the current datasets • Known Issues: updates, errors, selection criteria • Exo-MerCat: aims, description, efficiency • Update workflow and VO resource NASA Exoplanet Archive (NASA) Exoplanets Orbit Database (ORG) Open Exoplanet Catalogue (OEC) Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia (EU) Yikes! Raw statistics Raw Problems Selection Criteria Aliases Coordinates Updates - Names appear in different - Human errors (plus-minus - False positives are present in formats; signs); the catalogs because of lags - Whitespaces are present; - Not updated coordinates; in the updates; - Different aliases for the same - Different epochs. - New candidates have yet to be planet; included in the database. Algieba, gamma Leonis: Proxima Centauri b (ra,dec): in NASA: gam 1 Leo in NASA: (217.428995,-62.679485) in ORG: gamma Leo A in ORG: (217.448946,-62.681353) in EU: gamma 1 Leo in EU: (217.429167,-62.679444) in OEC: Gamma Leonis in OEC: (219.990850,-60.835619) 5 Aims • Provide greater uniformity among the databases; • More effective associations among the datasets; • Identify and correct errors, to warn the catalog maintainers; Exo-MerCat • Provide a direct link with most stellar sources archives; • Provide the user with an intuitive Graphical Interface to download and filter data. 6 Icons made by https://www.flaticon.com/authors/gregor-cresnar from www.flaticon.com Description Initialization • Create a nested folder to contain all useful files; • Use various Virtual Observatory tools to download raw datasets: Exo-MerCat • wget command to access NASA/ORG database; • git commands and an *.xml reader to access the OEC database; • VO TAP service for the EU database. -
Vlearning Our Solar System
VLearning A VLearning Special Intellectual output Our Solar System The Moon Lesson Plan Thanks to Anica Trickovic NOT FOR SALE Constellation A Guide to Guide Small Bodies This website was produced by funding from the European Commission's Horizon 2020 Programme under grant agreement nº 638653 IThanks to E Twinning Scientix and Space Awareness/ LEARNING OUTCOMES Connection The Solar System, consists of the Sun as its central star, eight planets and During this activity, students play a game and learn the properties of different their moons plus dwarf planets. planets and their relative position in the Solar System. There are countless small bodies. (further information about these can be from the Visnjan Observatory, contact “Podrute” ). Small bodies can be anything from LEARNING OBJECTIVES something the size of a pebbles to the size of a dwarf planet like Pluto) and comets. • Students will be able to describe what the Solar System is. Planets, small bodies, asteroids, dwarf planets and comets all orbit the sun • Students will be able to describe the properties of different planets and The Earth is a very special planet because it is our home! The Earth is located classify them into rocky and gassy. about 150 million kilometres from the Sun, giving a temperature that is exactly right for liquid water to be present on the surface, This is called being located • Students will be able to name the planets and place them in order. in the “Goldilocks zone” and earth is the only planet which can have liquid water present on the surface. This proved crucial for the development of life! The Solar System is part of the Milky Way. -
LISA, the Gravitational Wave Observatory
The ESA Science Programme Cosmic Vision 2015 – 25 Christian Erd Planetary Exploration Studies, Advanced Studies & Technology Preparations Division 04-10-2010 1 ESAESA spacespace sciencescience timelinetimeline JWSTJWST BepiColomboBepiColombo GaiaGaia LISALISA PathfinderPathfinder Proba-2Proba-2 PlanckPlanck HerschelHerschel CoRoTCoRoT HinodeHinode AkariAkari VenusVenus ExpressExpress SuzakuSuzaku RosettaRosetta DoubleDouble StarStar MarsMars ExpressExpress INTEGRALINTEGRAL ClusterCluster XMM-NewtonXMM-Newton CassiniCassini-H-Huygensuygens SOHOSOHO ImplementationImplementation HubbleHubble OperationalOperational 19901990 19941994 19981998 20022002 20062006 20102010 20142014 20182018 20222022 XMM-Newton • X-ray observatory, launched in Dec 1999 • Fully operational (lost 3 out of 44 X-ray CCD early in mission) • No significant loss of performances expected before 2018 • Ranked #1 at last extension review in 2008 (with HST & SOHO) • 320 refereed articles per year, with 38% in the top 10% most cited • Observing time over- subscribed by factor ~8 • 2,400 registered users • Largest X-ray catalogue (263,000 sources) • Best sensitivity in 0.2-12 keV range • Long uninterrupted obs. • Follow-up of SZ clusters 04-10-2010 3 INTEGRAL • γ-ray observatory, launched in Oct 2002 • Imager + Spectrograph (E/ΔE = 500) + X- ray monitor + Optical camera • Coded mask telescope → 12' resolution • 72 hours elliptical orbit → low background • P/L ~ nominal (lost 4 out 19 SPI detectors) • No serious degradation before 2016 • ~ 90 refereed articles per year • Obs -
Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr. -
Space Alert! Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space Spring/Summer 2020 [email protected] • Newsletter #39
Space Alert! Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space SPRING/SUMMER 2020 [email protected] • www.space4peace.org Newsletter #39 A Space Force in Times of Economic & Health Crisis by Karl Grossman Amid the scourge of coronavirus sweeping the US, the rising death toll and huge shortages in medical equip- ment needed to treat victims of the epidemic and protect doctors, nurses and other health care workers, the Space Force has gotten its “first new offensive weapon” and the government is getting ready to pour billions into the newly established sixth branch of its armed forces. “Space Force Just Received Its First New Offensive Weapon,” was the headline of a March 13th article on “The War Zone” section of the website “The Drive.” The sub-head: “This is just one of two acknowledged US ‘counterspace’ capabilities, but there are more in the classified realm.” The article said the “new offensive weapon system [is] an upgraded version of a ground-based satellite jamming sys- tem. It quoted Lt. Colonel Steven Brogan, the Combat Systems branch leader within the Space Force’s Special Programs Direc- based systems,” said the article. “The Trump administration’s $740.5 along with US neighbor Canada—have torate as saying: “This upgrade puts the It also quoted Space Force Vice Com- billion budget request for [the military] for decades been seeking to expand the ‘force’ in Space Force and is critical for mander Lt. General David Thomas in 2021 includes $15.4 billion for the US Outer Space Treaty, to ban any weapons Space as a warfighting domain.” speaking about how “the new service Space Force, according to documents in space. -
April 2008 SKYSCRAPERS, INC · Amateur Astronomical Society of Rhode Island · 47 Peeptoad Road North Scituate, RI 02857 · April Meeting with Dr
The SkyscraperVol. 35 No. 4 April 2008 SKYSCRAPERS, INC · Amateur Astronomical Society Of Rhode Island · 47 Peeptoad Road North Scituate, RI 02857 · www.theSkyscrapers.org April Meeting with Dr. Alan Guth Friday, April 4 at Seagrave Memorial Observatory Dr. Alan Guth, Professor of Origins, Alan Guth, A Golden Age of Physics at the Massachusetts Insti- Cosmology and other publications. tute of Technology, is best known He will be presenting a talk entitled The Orion Nebula: SBIG 1001E on Meade 16” for the “inflationary” theory of “Inflationary Cosmology.” SCT at Barus and Holley Observatory; L = 12 ex- cosmology in which many features For the April meeting we will be posures x 5 seconds each, binned 1x1; R,G,B = of our universe, including how it returning to Seagrave Observatory. 3 exposures each x 5 seconds each, binned 2x2; came to be so uniform and why it Elections will be held at the April 27 exposures total, total exposure time = 2.25 began so close to the critical density meeting and membership renewals minutes. Images combined and processed using can be explained by. Dr. Guth is the are due. An elections ballot and Maxim DL. Photo by Bob Horton. author of The Inflationary Universe, renewal form are included in the the Quest for a New Theory of Cosmic back of this issue. In This Issue April Meeting with 1 Dr. Alan Guth April 2008 President’s Message 2 Glenn Jackson 4 7:30 pm Annual Meeting with Dr. Alan Guth April Lyrids Meteor 3 Friday Seagrave Memorial Observatory Shower Dave Huestis 5 8:00 pm Public Observing Night Tracking Wildlife -
Australian Sky & Telescope
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List of Easy Double Stars for Winter and Spring = Easy = Not Too Difficult = Difficult but Possible
List of Easy Double Stars for Winter and Spring = easy = not too difficult = difficult but possible 1. Sigma Cassiopeiae (STF 3049). 23 hr 59.0 min +55 deg 45 min This system is tight but very beautiful. Use a high magnification (150x or more). Primary: 5.2, yellow or white Seconary: 7.2 (3.0″), blue 2. Eta Cassiopeiae (Achird, STF 60). 00 hr 49.1 min +57 deg 49 min This is a multiple system with many stars, but I will restrict myself to the brightest one here. Primary: 3.5, yellow. Secondary: 7.4 (13.2″), purple or brown 3. 65 Piscium (STF 61). 00 hr 49.9 min +27 deg 43 min Primary: 6.3, yellow Secondary: 6.3 (4.1″), yellow 4. Psi-1 Piscium (STF 88). 01 hr 05.7 min +21 deg 28 min This double forms a T-shaped asterism with Psi-2, Psi-3 and Chi Piscium. Psi-1 is the uppermost of the four. Primary: 5.3, yellow or white Secondary: 5.5 (29.7), yellow or white 5. Zeta Piscium (STF 100). 01 hr 13.7 min +07 deg 35 min Primary: 5.2, white or yellow Secondary: 6.3, white or lilac (or blue) 6. Gamma Arietis (Mesarthim, STF 180). 01 hr 53.5 min +19 deg 18 min “The Ram’s Eyes” Primary: 4.5, white Secondary: 4.6 (7.5″), white 7. Lambda Arietis (H 5 12). 01 hr 57.9 min +23 deg 36 min Primary: 4.8, white or yellow Secondary: 6.7 (37.1″), silver-white or blue 8.