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Two Years Without Transition
July 1992 Vol. 4, No. 9 ZAIRE TWO YEARS WITHOUT TRANSITION "[The National Conference must produce] not only a new structure, but, especially, new leaders." Bishop Laurent Mosengwo, President of the National Sovereign Conference. "There will be no blockage or attempt to suspend [the National Conference], but a little reminder from time to time so that everyone respects the rules of the game . Overruling the chief serves no purpose. Getting on with him is called consensus." President Mobutu Sese Seko, June 20, 1992. Introduction................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................2222 III The Enforced Political ImpasseImpasse.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5............555 AAA Part One: The President's Unwilling Gift of DemocraDemocracy,cy, April 1990 to January 19921992..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5555 -
Conférence Nationale Souveraine. Elle a Procédé À La Mise En Place Du Bureau PROVISOIRE
REPUBLIQUE DU ZAÏRE ***************************************************** RAPPORT DE LA COMMISSION SOCIALE ET CULTURELLE ****************************************************** PALAIS DU PEUPLE AOUT 1992 REPUBLIQUE DU ZAIRE CONFERENCE NATIONALE SOUVERAINE COMMISSION SOCIALE ET CULTURELLE RAPPORT FINAL DES TRAVAUX DE LA COMMISSION SOCIALE ET CULTURELLE I.S.A.M./GOMBE Août 1992 2 PLAN DU RAPPORT Préambule ………………………………………………………………………………5 CHAPITRE I : DES GENERALITES ………………………………………………..6 1. De la Composition de la Commission ……………………………………….6 2. De la Composition du Bureau de Commission ………………………….. .10 3. De la Composition des Bureaux des Sous-Commission …………………12 4. De la méthodologie du travail ……………………………………………….13 5. Du personnel d’appoint, des experts, des consultants …...15 6. Des difficultés rencontrées ………………………………………………….17 7. Des remerciements ………………………………………………………….18 CHAPITRE II : DES CONSTATS ET DES RECOMMANDATIONS …...19 I. Dans le domaine du travail et de la Prévoyance sociale ……………19 A. DES CONSTATS ………………………………………….19 B. DES RECOMMANDATIONS ……………………………. 34 II. Dans le domaine des questions sociales …………………………………...34 A. DES CONSTATS …………………………………………………………….51 B. DES RECOMMANDATIONS ……………………………………………….60 III. Dans le domaine de la jeunesse ……………………………………………..69 A. DES CONSTATS …………………………………………………………….70 B. DES RECOMMANDATIONS IV. Dans le domaine des Sports et Loisirs …………………………………….84 A. DES CONSTATS ……………………………………………………………84 B. DES RECOMMANDATIONS V. Dans le domaine Culturel et artistique …………………………………….. 85 DES CONSTATS -
1 Criticisms of Multiparty Democracy
CRITICISMS OF MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY: PARALLELS BETWEEN WAMBA-DIA-WAMBA AND ARENDT. Gail M. Presbey • This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in NEW POLITICAL SCIENCE in Volume 20, 1998 - Issue 1, 35-52, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/07393149808429811 Is Africa becoming more democratic in the 1990's? A sharp increase in multiparty democracy might seem to attest to the victory of democracy in Africa -- unless the presence of multiparty democracy alone may not be a sufficient indicator of the status of democracy. Thirty years ago, Arendt criticized both multiparty and one-party democracy, advocating a more grassroots involvement in localized politics. In the 1960's, Fanon and other African critics likewise criticized what party politics was doing to the newly-independent states of Africa. _______________________________________________________________ 1 2 Since 1990, Ernest Wamba-dia-Wamba of University of Dar-Es- Saalam has written several articles from a contemporary African angle, suggesting criticisms of multiparty and one-party democracy that parallel Arendt's analysis. Wamba-dia-Wamba is an important and influential scholar who specializes in the history of ideas as well as the history of political economy. He has recently spent several years as President of the Executive Committee of CODESRIA (Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa). In his work for the past ten years with CODESRIA, he has coordinated research on social movements, social transformation, and democracy in Africa, recently resulting in an edited collection of research articles.1 In addition, Wamba-dia-Wamba served as East Africa Editor for Quest: Philosophical Discussions, An International African Journal of Philosophy from 1988-1996. -
The Agreement on a Cease-Fire in the Democratic Republic of Congo
THE AGREEMENT ON A CEASE-FIRE IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO: An Analysis of the Agreement and Prospects for Peace ICG Democratic Republic of Congo Report N° 5 20 August 1999 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................I I. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................1 II. MOTIVATIONS AND STRATEGIES OF THE PLAYERS: WHY SIGN NOW?.........2 1. A Step Towards Peace .................................................................................................2 2. Who Wins What? ..........................................................................................................5 III. CAN THE CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT BE IMPLEMENTED?...............................17 1. Assumptions at the Base of the Cease-fire Agreement.............................................17 2. Post Lusaka Violations..............................................................................................18 3. Fighting Amongst the Allies? ....................................................................................19 4. Disarming of Armed Militias, a Big Job......................................................................21 5. Internal Dimensions of the Agreement for the Democratic Republic of Congo ..........24 6. The Issue of a Peacekeeping Force: the Belligerents Turned into Peacekeepers?...26 7. Withdrawal of Foreign Troops: Will the Deadline be Met?.........................................27 -
April 2000 (Version 5)
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO ASSESSMENT April 2000 Country Information and Policy Unit CONTENTS I. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 - 1.5 II. GEOGRAPHY A. Physical 2.1 B. Social and Economic 2.2 - 2.6 III. HISTORY The MobutuYears 3.1 - 3.10 The Kabila Regime 3.11 - 3.12 Rebellion in the East 3.13 - 3.19 IV. ORGANS OF THE STATE Constitution 4.1 - 4.2 The Judiciary 4.3 Security Forces 4.4 Prisons 4.5 Education 4.6 V. HUMAN RIGHTS A. GENERAL ASSESSMENT A.1 - A.2 B. SECURITY SITUATION B.1 C. SPECIFIC GROUPS AND SPECIFIC ISSUES Political Activity C.1 - C.5 Human Rights Groups C.6 Media/Journalists C.7 1 Use of Military Courts C.8 Arbitrary Arrest/Detention/Torture/Killings C.9 - C.10 People Associated with Mobutu's Regime C.11 - C.14 Ethnic Issues C.15 - C.18 Religion C.19 Children C.20 - C.22 Women C.23 Medical Facilities and Health Issues C.24 - C.28 ANNEX A: PROMINENT PEOPLE Pages 18-20 ANNEX B: CHRONOLOGY Pages 21-28 ANNEX C: GLOSSARY Pages 29-33 ANNEX D: DRC BULLETIN 5/99 Pages 34-41 ANNEX E: BIBLIOGRAPHY Pages 42-43 2 I. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 This assessment has been produced by the Country Information and Policy Unit, Immigration and Nationality Directorate, Home Office, from information obtained from a variety of sources. 1.2 The assessment has been prepared for background purposes for those involved in the asylum determination process. The information it contains is not exhaustive, nor is it intended to catalogue all human rights violations. -
Centre De Recherches Economiques Et Quantitatives-CREQ
CER-3/CREQ Centre de Recherches Economiques et Quantitatives Collège d’Economistes pour le recyclage avec 3 outils Université de Kinshasa-Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Département des Sciences Economiques B.P. 832 Kinshasa XI Working paper n°004/WP.CREQ/12-19 Modèle de croissance et politique économique en R.D Congo : Une analyse descriptive Par Jonas Kibala Kuma (DEA en cours en Sciences Economiques, UNIKIN) [email protected] ---------- Citation de l’article : Kibala Kuma J. (2019), « Modèle de croissance et politique économique en R.D Congo : une analyse descriptive », Working paper n°004/WP.CREQ/12-19 du CREQ, décembre. Décembre 2019 « Modèle de croissance et politique économique en R.D Congo : une analyse descriptive » 2 Centre de Recherches Economiques et Quantitatives-CREQ Note aux lecteurs Cet article, qui se propose de décrire le modèle de croissance de la République Démocratique du Congo ainsi que la politique économique menée dans ce pays, en passant en revue quelques indicateurs macroéconomiques clés, s’inscrit dans le cadre de travaux du CER-3. En effet, CER-3 (Collège d’Economistes pour le Recyclage avec 3 outils) est un collège d’Economistes qui s’approprient les outils quantitatifs, 3 essentiellement (mathématique, statistique/économétrie et informatique) comme le sigle l’indique, pour ainsi s’inscrire sur la frontière des connaissances en sciences économiques et être compétitifs à l’échelle internationale, autant pour la faculté de sciences économiques et de gestion de l’Université de Kinshasa. L’idée est de susciter un regain et remettre en avant plan les aspects quantitatifs dans la formation de l’économiste congolais (RDC), africain en général, pour une élite à la taille des exigences internationales. -
Special Bulletin
ASSOCIATION OF CONCERNED AFRICA SCHOLARS Special Bulletin · October 1998 No. 53/54 .~ . r : . • . ' • g ISSN 1051-08442 Five Dolla-rs ACAS Executive Committee* Co-Chairs Political Action Committee Bill Martin Jim Cason University of Illinois 101 N. Carolina Ave., SE, #310 326 Lincoln Hall Washington, DC 20003 , 702 S. Wright Street E-Mail: [email protected] Urbana, IL 61801 Tel: (217) 333-8052 Meredeth Turshen E-mail: [email protected] School of Planning & Public Policy Rutgers University Merle Bowen New Brunswick, NJ 08903 University of Illinois Tel: (908) 932-4101 361 Lincoln Hall E-mail: [email protected] 702 S. Wright Street Urbana, IL 61801 Tel: (217) 333-2956 E-mail: [email protected] Treasurer Bulletin Editor Steven Rubert Daniel Volman Department of History Africa Research Project 306 Milam Hall 2627 Woodley Place, NW Oregon State University Washington, DC 20008 Corvallis, OR 97331 Tel: (202) 797-3608 Tel: (503) 737-1261 E-mail: [email protected];org E-mail: [email protected] ACAS Board of Directors*, Adotei Adwei (Amnesty International) Salih Booker (Council on Foreign Relations) Joye Bowman (U. of Massachusetts, Amherst) Carolyn Brown (Rutgers U.) Allan Cooper (Otterbein College) ·Jennifer Davis (American Committee on Africa) William Derman (Michigan State U.) Ed Ferguson (Smith College) Allen J. Green (Wesleyan U.) Asma Abdel Halim (WILD AF-Sudan & U. of Ohio, Athens) Frank Holmquist (Hampshire College) Allan Isaacman (U. of Minnesota) Willard R. Johnson (MIT) Tilden Le Melle (Africa Fund) Sidney Lemelle (Pomona College) Pearl-Alice Marsh (Afi:ica Policy Information Center) Bill Minter (Africa Policy Information Center) , James Mittelman (American U.) Prexy Nesbitt (Baobab Notes) · Thomas Painter (Centers for Disease Control) Hans Panof~ky (Northwestern U.) Christine Root · Joel Sarnoff (Stanford U.) Ann Seidman (Clark U.) frnmanuel Wallerstein (SUNY-Bingharnton) Michael West (U. -
3987.Pdf (863.8Kb)
KATANGA: THE CONGO’S FORGOTTEN CRISIS Africa Report N°103 – 9 January 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 II. SECURITY...................................................................................................................... 2 A. THE MAI-MAI OF NORTHERN KATANGA...............................................................................2 1. Losing control............................................................................................................2 2. Buying peace with bicycles .......................................................................................3 3. The hunt for Gédéon..................................................................................................4 B. THE POLITICS OF IDENTITY ...................................................................................................4 1. The conflict between “Originaires” and “Non-Originaires”.....................................4 2. The division between north and south .......................................................................5 3. Urban unrest and electoral competition .....................................................................6 C. KINSHASA IN KATANGA: JOCKEYING FOR POWER BEFORE ELECTIONS .................................8 1. The politics of mining................................................................................................8 -
Perpetuation of Instability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: When the Kivus Sneeze, Kinshasa Catches a Cold
Perpetuation of instability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: When the Kivus sneeze, Kinshasa catches a cold By Joyce Muraya and John Ahere 22 YEARS OF CONTRIBUTING TO PEACE ISSUE 1, 2014 Perpetuation of instability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: When the Kivus sneeze, Kinshasa catches a cold By Joyce Muraya and John Ahere Occasional Paper Series: Issue 1, 2014 About ACCORD The African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD) is a non-governmental organisation working throughout Africa to bring creative solutions to the challenges posed by conflict on the continent. ACCORD’s primary aim is to influence political developments by bringing conflict resolution, dialogue and institutional development to the forefront as alternatives to armed violence and protracted conflict. Acknowledgements The authors extend their appreciation to all colleagues who supported the development and finalisation of this paper, including Daniel Forti, Charles Nyuykonge and Sabrina Ensenbach for their invaluable contributions to the paper’s structure and content and to Petronella Mugoni for her assistance in formatting the paper. The authors also appreciate the cooperation of colleagues in ACCORD’s Peacebuilding and Peacemaking units, for affording them the time and space to conduct the research necessary for writing this publication. About the authors Joyce Muraya holds a Master of Arts degree in International Relations from the United States International University in Nairobi, Kenya. Muraya served in Kenya’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs for a year and a half and participated in a nine-month internship programme in the Peacebuilding Unit at ACCORD. She has published on gender and women’s issues, with a focus on women’s reproductive rights. -
Discours D'inverstiture Du Premier Ministre
DISCOURS-PROGRAMME DU GOUVERNEMENT DEVANT L’ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE PRÉSENTÉ PAR SON EXCELLENCE MONSIEUR LE PREMIER MINISTRE ILUNGA ILUNKAMBA Honorable Présidente de l’Assemblée Nationale ; Honorables Membres du Bureau ; Honorables Députés Nationaux, élus légitimes du peuple congolais, En venant me présenter aujourd’hui devant votre auguste Chambre, conformément aux dispositions de l’article 90 de la Constitution, et suivant les traditions mieux assises de notre jeune démocratie, j’ai l’insigne honneur de partager la joie de concourir à la mise en œuvre d’un exercice républicain, consistant à solliciter la confiance des élus directs de notre peuple sur le programme d’action soumis ce jour à votre éclairée et souveraine appréciation. Permettez-moi, avant toute chose, de rendre grâce et de glorifier Celui à qui nous devons le souffle de vie, l’Éternel Dieu Tout-puissant, Maître des temps et des circonstances, qui a permis cet instant solennel. C’est aussi pour moi l’occasion de vous exprimer, à titre personnel, le double sentiment de fierté et de responsabilité que j’éprouve en ce grand moment de l’histoire de notre pays, la République Démocratique du Congo. Fierté de vivre dans un pays béni, qui a toujours su, en dépit des faiblesses qui jalonnent son histoire, déjouer les pronostics apocalyptiques de tous genres jetés sur son sort et, en même temps, s’offrir des perspectives audacieuses de nature à redonner espoir et foi en l’avenir aux masses populaires de toutes les couches sociales, celles des plus faibles en tête. Responsabilité réelle parce qu’en tant que citoyen, je suis autant honoré de devoir conduire, en qualité de Premier Ministre, le Gouvernement de la République au lendemain de joutes électorales à forte sensation à travers l’ensemble du territoire national. -
Organigramme Des Gouvernements Successifs Au Zaïre
Gouvernements zaïro-congolais 1 Liste des Gouvernements du Zaïre-Congo de 1990 à 1997 List of Governments of Zaïre-Congo from 1990 to 1997 N.B. Les noms figurant en caractères gras désignent des personnalités ayant exercé des fonctions exécutives, diplomatiques, parlementaires ou politiques avant 1986 Gouvernement de Lunda Bululu (4 mai 1990) Premier ministre Lunda Bululu Vice-premier ministre (chargé de l’ administration du territoire) Engulu Bangapongo Bakokele Vice-premier ministre (chargé de l’ industrie et du commerce extérieur et de l’rartisanat) Nzanda Bwana Kalemba MINISTRES Affaires étrangères Mushobekwa Kalimba Wa Katana Défense nationale, Sécurité et Anciens combattants Amiral Mavua Mudima Justice Tshibangu Moyembe Droits et liberté du citoyen Okitakula Djambokota Information, arts et culture Ngongo Kamanda Relations avec le Parlement Banza Mukalayi Plan Ilunga Ilunkamba Coopération internationle Buketi Bukaya Finances Bombito Botomba Budget Mananga Ma Pholo Agriculture, animation et Développement communautaire Omyeme Pene Butu Affaires foncières, Mines et Énergie Mboso N’Kodia Bwanga Travaux publics, Urbanisme et Habitat Bangila Basia Transports et Communications Kimasi Matwiku Basaula Enseignement supérieur, universitaire et Recherche scientifique Akai Mugambe Enseignement primaire, secondaire et professionnel Koli Elombe Motokoa Santé publique et Affaires sociales Bosha Bokwete Environnement, Conservation de la nature, Tourisme et Habitat Diur Katond Travail et Prévoyance sociale Maduka Imyanga Condition féminine et Famille -
Note: This Translation Has Been Prepared by the Registry for Internal Purposes and Has No Official Character 14687
Note: This translation has been prepared by the Registry for internal purposes and has no official character 14687 INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO v. UGANDA) SECOND PHASE QUESTION OF REPARATION MEMORIAL OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO VOLUME 7 (Annexes 4.15 to 4.28) September 2016 [Translation by the Registry] LIST OF ANNEXES Volume 7 Annexes 4.15 to 4.28 Annex Page 4.15 Lotus Group, Report of the Kisangani Lotus Group, 15 October 1998 1 4.16 Organization of African Unity, Council of Ministers, Seventieth Ordinary 34 Session, Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in the DRC, 6-10 July 1999 4.17 South Kivu Civil Society — Collective of South Kivu (DRC) Youth 35 Organizations and Associations (COJESKI), Events in the occupied provinces of the DRC — large-scale violations of human rights and international humanitarian law reaching fever pitch, Six-monthly report covering the period from 1 April to 30 September 1999, October 1999 4.18 Lotus Group, The Consequences of Rivalries within the Rebel Alliances and 85 Factions in North-Eastern Congo. The Kisangani War, September 1999 4.19 Lotus Group, Conflict between Uganda and Rwanda in Kisangani, Kisangani, 86 May 2000 4.20 Lotus Group, Rapport sur la guerre de six jours à Kisangani, July 2000 99 4.21 MONUC, Historic record of Kisangani cease-fire operation, 19 June 2000 99 4.22 United Nations Security Council, Third report of the Secretary-General on the 100 United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, document S/2000/566, 12 June 2000 4.23 United Nations Commission on Human Rights, Fifty-seventh Session, Report on 113 the situation of human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, submitted by the Special Rapporteur, Mr.