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“What Are Marines For?” the United States Marine Corps
“WHAT ARE MARINES FOR?” THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS IN THE CIVIL WAR ERA A Dissertation by MICHAEL EDWARD KRIVDO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2011 Major Subject: History “What Are Marines For?” The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era Copyright 2011 Michael Edward Krivdo “WHAT ARE MARINES FOR?” THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS IN THE CIVIL WAR ERA A Dissertation by MICHAEL EDWARD KRIVDO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Joseph G. Dawson, III Committee Members, R. J. Q. Adams James C. Bradford Peter J. Hugill David Vaught Head of Department, Walter L. Buenger May 2011 Major Subject: History iii ABSTRACT “What Are Marines For?” The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era. (May 2011) Michael E. Krivdo, B.A., Texas A&M University; M.A., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Joseph G. Dawson, III This dissertation provides analysis on several areas of study related to the history of the United States Marine Corps in the Civil War Era. One element scrutinizes the efforts of Commandant Archibald Henderson to transform the Corps into a more nimble and professional organization. Henderson's initiatives are placed within the framework of the several fundamental changes that the U.S. Navy was undergoing as it worked to experiment with, acquire, and incorporate new naval technologies into its own operational concept. -
The Rewards of Risk-Taking: Two Civil War Admirals*
The 2014 George C. Marshall Lecture in Military History The Rewards of Risk-Taking: Two Civil War Admirals* James M. McPherson Abstract The willingness to take risks made Rear Admiral David Glasgow Far- ragut, victor at New Orleans in 1862 and Mobile Bay in 1864, the Union’s leading naval commander in the Civil War. Farragut’s boldness contrasted strongly with the lack of decisiveness shown in the failure in April 1863 to seize the port of Charleston, South Carolina, by Rear Admiral Samuel Francis Du Pont, whose capture of Port Royal Sound in South Carolina in November of 1861 had made him the North’s first naval hero of the war. Du Pont’s indecisiveness at Charleston led to his removal from command and a blighted career, while the risk-taking Farragut went on to become, along with generals U.S. Grant and Wil- liam T. Sherman, one of the principal architects of Union victory. n September 1864 Captain Charles Steedman of the United States Navy praised Rear Admiral David Glasgow Farragut for his decisive victory over ConfederateI forts and warships in the Battle of Mobile Bay the previous month. “That little man,” wrote Steedman of the wiry Farragut who was actually just * This essay derives from the George C. Marshall Lecture on Military History, delivered on 4 January 2014 at the annual meeting of the American Historical Association, Washington, D.C. The Marshall Lecture is sponsored by the Society for Military History and the George C. Marshall Foundation. James M. McPherson earned a Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins University in 1963 and from 1962 to 2004 taught at Princeton University, where he is currently the George Henry Davis ’86 Profes- sor of American History Emeritus. -
'Deprived of Their Liberty'
'DEPRIVED OF THEIR LIBERTY': ENEMY PRISONERS AND THE CULTURE OF WAR IN REVOLUTIONARY AMERICA, 1775-1783 by Trenton Cole Jones A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland June, 2014 © 2014 Trenton Cole Jones All Rights Reserved Abstract Deprived of Their Liberty explores Americans' changing conceptions of legitimate wartime violence by analyzing how the revolutionaries treated their captured enemies, and by asking what their treatment can tell us about the American Revolution more broadly. I suggest that at the commencement of conflict, the revolutionary leadership sought to contain the violence of war according to the prevailing customs of warfare in Europe. These rules of war—or to phrase it differently, the cultural norms of war— emphasized restricting the violence of war to the battlefield and treating enemy prisoners humanely. Only six years later, however, captured British soldiers and seamen, as well as civilian loyalists, languished on board noisome prison ships in Massachusetts and New York, in the lead mines of Connecticut, the jails of Pennsylvania, and the camps of Virginia and Maryland, where they were deprived of their liberty and often their lives by the very government purporting to defend those inalienable rights. My dissertation explores this curious, and heretofore largely unrecognized, transformation in the revolutionaries' conduct of war by looking at the experience of captivity in American hands. Throughout the dissertation, I suggest three principal factors to account for the escalation of violence during the war. From the onset of hostilities, the revolutionaries encountered an obstinate enemy that denied them the status of legitimate combatants, labeling them as rebels and traitors. -
AMERICAN MANHOOD in the CIVIL WAR ERA a Dissertation Submitted
UNMADE: AMERICAN MANHOOD IN THE CIVIL WAR ERA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Notre Dame in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Michael E. DeGruccio _________________________________ Gail Bederman, Director Graduate Program in History Notre Dame, Indiana July 2007 UNMADE: AMERICAN MANHOOD IN THE CIVIL WAR ERA Abstract by Michael E. DeGruccio This dissertation is ultimately a story about men trying to tell stories about themselves. The central character driving the narrative is a relatively obscure officer, George W. Cole, who gained modest fame in central New York for leading a regiment of black soldiers under the controversial General Benjamin Butler, and, later, for killing his attorney after returning home from the war. By weaving Cole into overlapping micro-narratives about violence between white officers and black troops, hidden war injuries, the personal struggles of fellow officers, the unbounded ambition of his highest commander, Benjamin Butler, and the melancholy life of his wife Mary Barto Cole, this dissertation fleshes out the essence of the emergent myth of self-made manhood and its relationship to the war era. It also provides connective tissue between the top-down war histories of generals and epic battles and the many social histories about the “common soldier” that have been written consciously to push the historiography away from military brass and Lincoln’s administration. Throughout this dissertation, mediating figures like Cole and those who surrounded him—all of lesser ranks like major, colonel, sergeant, or captain—hem together what has previously seemed like the disconnected experiences of the Union military leaders, and lowly privates in the field, especially African American troops. -
Generalsecond Bullrun Campaign Under Pope That the Whole Corps Had to Be Detached from the Army of the Potomac for Rest and Recuperation
PITTSBURGH VOLUNTEERS WITH SICKLES' EXCELSIOR BRIGADE Bruce Sutherland PART 3 Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville Heintzelman's Third Corps had been so badly mauled in the battles on the Peninsula under McClellan and in the GeneralSecond BullRun campaign under Pope that the whole Corps had to be detached from the Army of the Potomac for rest and recuperation. The three divisions of the Corps were assigned to that quiet sector known as the Defenses of Washington. General Hooker's old division, the Second, was placed temporarily under the command of General Grover while Colonel Nelson Taylor commanded the Excelsior Brigade, subject to General Sickles' return. Early in September 1862, the Excelsior regiments were en- camped about two miles southwest of Alexandria near Fort Lyon. They had fallen back from the Chantilly battlefield and as William Wiley of the Friend Rifles describes it, "We only went a short dis- tance beyond that field when we again laid on our arms, and it was raining and very cold. No sleeping was done that night. The next morning we got a loaf of bread and started off again towards Fairfax and then left itand went out scouting through the country until dark when we camped again on a beautiful farm and where we lived well for that night on corn, potatoes and apples. At daylight, the morning of the 3rd, we were on the move towards Alexandria ... J>1 The column moved through thickly wooded country toward the Potomac at Pohick Church and by early afternoon the troops were on the river road which skirted Mount Vernon. -
By the History Workshop Table of Contents
THINK LIKE A HISTORIAN BY THE HISTORY WORKSHOP TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: ............................................................................................................................................3 SUGGESTED GRADE LEVEL: .........................................................................................................................3 OBJECTIVES: .................................................................................................................................................3 MATERIALS: ..................................................................................................................................................3 BACKGROUND INFORMATION: ......................................................................................................................4 UNDERSTANDING MITCHELVILLE ...................................................................................................4 DOING HISTORICAL RESEARCH: .....................................................................................................15 LESSON ACTIVITIES: .....................................................................................................................................17 TEACHER GUIDANCE QUESTIONS: ..................................................................................................19 STANDARDS: ...................................................................................................................................19 RESOURCES: ....................................................................................................................................20 -
"Or This Whole Affair Is a Failure": a Special Treasury Agent's Observations of the Port Royal Experiment, Port Royal, South Carolina, April to May, 1862
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 2016 "Or this whole affair is a failure": a special treasury agent's observations of the Port Royal Experiment, Port Royal, South Carolina, April to May, 1862 Michael Edward Scott Emett [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Emett, Michael Edward Scott, ""Or this whole affair is a failure": a special treasury agent's observations of the Port Royal Experiment, Port Royal, South Carolina, April to May, 1862" (2016). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. 1028. https://mds.marshall.edu/etd/1028 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. “OR THIS WHOLE AFFAIR IS A FAILURE”: A SPECIAL TREASURY AGENT’S OBSERVATIONS OF THE PORT ROYAL EXPERIMENT, PORT ROYAL, SOUTH CAROLINA, APRIL TO MAY, 1862 A thesis submitted to The Graduate College of Marshall University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History by Michael Edward Scott Emett Approved by Dr. Michael Woods, Committee Chairperson Dr. Robert Deal Dr. Tyler Parry Marshall University July 2016 APPROVAL OF THESIS We, the faculty supervising the work of Michael Edward Scott Emett, affirm that the thesis, "Or This Whole ffiir Is A Failure": A Special Treasury Agent's Observations of the Port Royal Experiment, Port Royal, South Carolins, April to May, 1865, meets dre high academic standards for original scholarship and creative work established by the Masters of History Program and the College of Liberal Arts. -
GUILTY ANGEL QUITS COUNCIL Faces 4-To-5 Years for Shaking Down Developer by Patrick Gallahue Accomplice Shook Down Devel- Speaker Gifford Miller
THIS WEEK IN INDEPENDENCE COMES TO DUMBO: P.9 CARL PEEK DEAD: P.5 WWW.BROOKLYNPAPERS.COM ISLAND FOCUS Gearing up for annual Brooklyn’s Weekly Newspaper West Indian carnival Published weekly by Brooklyn Paper Publications Inc, 26 Court St., Brooklyn 11242 Phone 718-834-9350 AD fax 718-834-1713 • NEWS fax 718-834-9278 © 2002 Brooklyn Paper Publications • 14 pages including 4 pages GO BROOKLYN • Vol.25, No. 34 AWP • September 2, 2002 • FREE INSIDE GUILTY ANGEL QUITS COUNCIL Faces 4-to-5 years for shaking down developer By Patrick Gallahue accomplice shook down devel- Speaker Gifford Miller. prison. If he were convicted of he chooses. Rodriguez cannot n’t want to put his family and charged with attempted extor- The Brooklyn Papers oper Greg O’Connell for cash Rodriguez’s attorney, Ron- all the charges against him, withdraw his plea, but can ap- friends though a very long tri- tion, extortion conspiracy and / File photo and property over a controver- ald Fischetti, told The Brook- Rodriguez would have faced peal the sentence if it exceeds al,” Fischetti said. fraud in addition to a battery of He’s no longer a council- sial plan to build a massive lyn Papers on Wednesday that 20 years behind bars. the agreement, according to “Anything he did,” Fischetti other charges handed down by man and soon Angel Fairway supermarket on the his client would enter a guilty Judge Frederic Block does Fischetti. added, “did not affect his con- the grand jury. Rodriguez will no longer Red Hook waterfront, Ro- plea on Thursday, Aug. -
The Excelsior Brigade and the Civil War
To Bleed for a Higher Cause: The Excelsior Brigade and the Civil War Francis Butler History 390: Honors New York and the Civil War December 4, 2012 Butler 1 Joseph Hopkins Twichell, the Chaplain of the Excelsior Brigade, wrote that as he saw the destruction caused during the Battle of Williamsburg all he could think was, “’sin entered into the world and death through sin.”1 The Civil War was the bloodiest conflict in American history; it was a war that claimed the lives of nearly 700,000 Americans and came close ripping the nation asunder.2 Describing why men volunteered to fight and die during this bloody war, Abraham Lincoln stated that the Civil War soldier served because of his “patriotism, political bias, ambition, personal courage, love of adventure, [and] want of employment.”3 Indeed, during the Civil War, the armies of the Union and the Confederacy were fed most often by volunteers. It were these men who enlisted at the war’s inception, and reenlisted when their terms of service expired, who did most of the fighting and dying on the Civil War’s many sanguine battlefields. As James McPherson states, internal motivations such as patriotism, a sense of duty and honor, courage, moral convictions, or want of adventure had to be powerful inspirations for the Civil War soldier to volunteer since the majority of Civil War soldiers chose to fight. 4 Once in the army, Civil War soldiers were continually motivated and supported by the bonds that they shared with each other, by their Christian faith, and by the inspiration of brave officers.5 By analyzing who the men of New York’s Excelsior Brigade, comprised of the 70th through 74th New York volunteer regiments, were and what they experienced during the war, it is possible to understand how patriotism, duty, and faith inspired soldiers to serve and how faith, camaraderie, courage, connection to home, and inspiring leadership enabled these soldiers to 1 Joseph Hopkins Twichell to Edward Twichell, May 9, 1862, , The Civil War Letters of Joseph Hopkins Twichell, eds. -
Franklin Design Guidelines
City of Franklin Historic District Design Guidelines Franklin, Louisiana 2011 Acknowledgments The Franklin Design Guidelines Manual was revised in 2011 to assist property owners and the Historic District Commission and to guide appropriate rehabilitation, new construction, and other improvements within the city's local historic district. The resulting Historic District Design Guidelines manual was completed in cooperation with the City of Franklin Office of Community Development. Franklin City Council Franklin Historic District Commission, 2011 Judith Allain, Chairwoman Raymond Harris, Jr. Mayor Heloise LeBlanc, Co-Chairwoman Lester Levine Jr. Mayor Protempore - At Large Edward Delone Dale Rogers Councilman District A Glenn Todd Ella P. Hamilton Chuck Autin Councilman District B Ben Nash Eugene Foulcard Councilman District C Adriane Kramer Evans Joseph H. Garrison Councilman District D Roger Stouff Vincent Borne, Attorney Lesley Woods, Secretary Blake Steiner, City Inspector (Planning & Zoning) P.O. Box 121225, Nashville, TN 37212 City of Franklin Historic District Design Guidelines i Table of Contents Design Guidelines and Historic Preservation………………………………………………………………………....1 Historic Preservation and Sustainability………………………………………………………………………………….4 A Brief History of Franklin……………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 Franklin’s Architectural Styles……………………………………………………………………………………...………..8 Residential Guidelines…………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..18 Architectural Features……………………………………………………………………………………………....20 Awnings……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….22 -
City Guide to Sacred Spaces
NYC Sacred Space International / Tour Sacred Spaces City Guide to Sacred Spaces – New York, NY: Manhattan and Brooklyn © Sacred Space International City Guide to Sacred Spaces in New York City CITY GUIDE TO SACRED SPACES NEW YORK, NY Key Map 2 Table of Sacred New York: Introduction to finding sacred spaces in New York 3 Individual Sacred Space Descriptions: Contents Map A 4 [NYC 01] Islamic Cultural Center of New York (ICCNY) 5 [NYC 02] Bethesda Fountain in Central Park 8 [NYC 03] Central Synagogue 11 [NYC 04] St. Peter’s Church 14 [NYC 05] St. Malachy’s – The Actor’s Chapel 17 Map B 20 [NYC 06] Brotherhood Synagogue 21 [NYC 07] East End Temple 24 [NYC 08] Grace Church 27 [NYC 09] African Burial Ground National Monument 30 [NYC 10] Brooklyn Bridge 32 Map C 35 [NYC 11] St. Ann & The Holy Trinity Church 38 [NYC 12] Fort Greene Park & Prison Ship Martyrs’ Monument 41 [NYC 13] Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church 44 [NYC 14] St. Nicholas Antiochian Orthodox Cathedral 47 Bibliography and Acknowledgments 48 Credits 49 A B © Sacred Space International C City Guide to Sacred Spaces in New York City 2 CITY GUIDE TO SACRED SPACES NEW YORK, NY Sacred New York INTRODUCTION TO FINDING SACRED SPACES IN THE CITY In this densely populated city, we found a rich diversity of sacred space, which gave us a sense of quiet and otherworldliness. Our real problem was how to pare down our list. After a long process, we narrowed our field to the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn and focused on less traveled and possibly under-appreciated sites. -
Management Plan / Environmental Assessment, Atchafalaya
Atchafalaya National Heritage Area Heritage National Atchafalaya COMMISSION REVIEW- October 1, 2010 Vol. I SEPTEMBER 2011 Environmental Assessment Environmental Management Plan Note: This is a low resolution file of the painting, “Hope” to show artwork and placement. Artwork will be credited to Melissa Bonin, on inside front cover. AtchafalayaAtchafalaya NationalNational HeritageHeritage AreaArea MANAGEMENT PLAN / ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT SEPT DRAFT MANAGEMENT PLAN / ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 2011 As the nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering sound use of our land and water resources; protecting our fish, wildlife, and biological diversity; preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places; and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to ensure that their development is in the best interests of all our people by encouraging stewardship and citizen participation in their care. The department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in island territories under U.S. administration. Front cover photo credit: Louisiana Office of Tourism NPS ABF/P77/107232 SEPTEMBER 2011 Printed on recycled paper July 1, 2011 Dear Stakeholders: I am pleased to present the Atchafalaya National Heritage Area Management Plan and Environmental Assessment developed by the Atchafalaya Trace Commission. The Plan is a model of collaboration among public agencies and private organizations. It proposes an integrated and cooperative approach for projects that will protect, interpret and enhance the natural, scenic, cultural, historical and recreational resources of the Atchafalaya National Heritage Area.