DOCSLIB.ORG

Distributed Simulation of High-Level Algebraic Petri Nets

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Distributed Simulation of High-Level Algebraic Petri Nets DISTRIBUTED SIMULATION OF HIGH-LEVEL ALGEBRAIC PETRI NETS Karim Djemame Thesis Submitted in Accordance with the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy UNIVERSITY o f GLASGOW The University of Glasgow Computing Science Department July 1999 ProQuest Number: 13833979 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 13833979 Published by ProQuest LLC(2019). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 GLASGOW UNIVERSITY LIBRARY \\[o% ( c<3f\ Abstract In the field of Petri nets, simulation is an essential tool to validate and evaluate models. Conventional simulation techniques, designed for their use in sequential computers, are too slow if the system to simulate is large or complex. The aim of this work is to search for techniques to accelerate simulations exploiting the paral­ lelism available in current, commercial multicomputers, and to use these techniques to study a class of Petri nets called high-level algebraic nets. These nets exploit the rich theory of algebraic specifications for high-level Petri nets: Petri nets gain a great deal of modelling power by representing dynamically changing items as structured tokens whereas algebraic specifications turned out to be an adequate and flexible instrument for handling structured items. In this work we focus on ECATNets (Ex­ tended Concurrent Algebraic Term Nets) whose most distinctive feature is their semantics which is defined in terms of rewriting logic. Nevertheless, ECATNets have two drawbacks: the occultation of the aspect of time and a bad exploitation of the parallelism inherent in the models. Three distributed simulation techniques have been considered: asynchronous con­ servative, asynchronous optimistic and synchronous. These algorithms have been implemented in a multicomputer environment: a network of workstations. The influence that factors such as the characteristics of the simulated models, the organ­ isation of the simulators and the characteristics of the target multicomputer have in the performance of the simulations have been measured and characterised. It is concluded that synchronous distributed simulation techniques are not suitable for the considered kind of models, although they may provide good performance in other environments. Conservative and optimistic distributed simulation techniques perform well, specially if the model to simulate is complex or large - precisely the worst case for traditional, sequential simulators. This way, studies previously con­ sidered as unrealisable, due to their exceedingly high computational cost, can be performed in reasonable times. Additionally, the spectrum of possibilities of using multicomputers can be broadened to execute more than numeric applications. To Chafla and Djamel Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisors, Prof. Dennis Gilles and Prof. Mohamed Bettaz, for guiding my research over the course of my Ph.D. They have been a constant source of advice, encouragement and guidance diming my re­ search, and have always provided constructive criticism of my work. Prof. Bettaz’s enthusiasm for the subject has helped to make this a very enjoyable period of study for me. I would also like to thank Dr Lewis Mackenzie for his time, his advice and for helping me in avoiding the pitfalls on the way to obtaining a Ph.D. degree. Also, I would like to express my gratitude to the Computing Science Department at the University of Glasgow for providing such a stimulating and friendly environment to work in. My research was supported by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Sci­ entific Research, and the British Council in the form of a Split-Ph.D. Research Stu­ dentship during the period when I was visiting the University of Glasgow (September 1993 - September 1997). I am grateful to them. Declaration This thesis is submitted in accordance with the regulations for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Glasgow. No part of it has been previously sub­ mitted by the author for a degree at any other university and all results contained within axe claimed as original. Section 5.4.2 contains ideas suggested by Nicol and Mao [NR91]. Section 5.6.4 con­ tains an algorithm inspired from ideas suggested by Thomas and Zahorjan [TZ91]. Sections 5.6 and 6.3 are revised versions of material published in [DBGM96a] and [DBGM95], respectively. Sections 5.7 and 6.4 cover material published in [DBGM96b] and [DBGM98]. Acronyms Some frequently used abbreviations appearing in this thesis are listed here, together with a brief explanation of their meaning. ATNet Algebraic Term Net C Capacity CATNet Concurrent Algebraic Term Net CMB Chandy-Misra Bryant CMB-DA Chandy-Misra Bryant with Deadlock Avoidance CM-DDR Chandy-Misra Bryant with Deadlock Detection and Recovery CPNets Coloured Petri Nets CT Created Tokens DDES Distributed Discrete Event Simulation DT Destroyed Tokens ECATNet Extended Concurrent Algebraic Term Net EP Efficient Partitioning ES Event Stack EVL Event List GSPN General Stochastic Petri Net GVT Global Virtual Time IQ Input Queue IC Input Condition LP Logical Process LVT Local Virtual Time MPI Message Passing Interface NOW Network of Workstations OQ Output Queue PDES Parallel Discrete Event Simulation PE Processing Element PN Petri Net PP Physical Process PVM Parallel Virtual Machine QN Queueing Network scs Separation of Concern Strategy SPN Stochastic Petri Net TC Transition Condition TW Time Warp TW-AC Time Warp with Aggressive Cancellation TW-LZ Time Warp with Lazy Cancellation Contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Motivation of the W ork ........................................................................... 5 1.1.1 Modelling and Analysis of Real System s ................................... 5 1.1.2 Parallel Implementation of High-Level Nets Simulation Appli­ cations ............................................................................................. 6 1.2 Tools............................................................................................................ 8 1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Major Contributions ................................................................................ 11 1.5 Overview of the T hesis .............................................................................. 12 2 High-Level Algebraic Nets 14 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 14 2.2 Petri Net D efinition ................................................................................. 14 2.2.1 Behavioural Properties ................................................................ 16 2.2.2 Analysis Methods ....................................................................... 17 2.2.3 Sem antics ...................................................................................... 17 2.3 Types of Petri N ets ................................................................................ 18 2.3.1 Background ................................................................................... 18 2.3.2 Time Association with Petri Nets .............................................. 19 2.3.3 Timed Petri N e ts .......................................................................... 20 2.3.4 High-Level Petri N e t s ................................................................ 22 2.3.5 High-Level Algebraic N e ts.......................................................... 24 2.4 Extended Concurrent Algebraic Term N e ts ......................................... 25 2.4.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 25 2.4.2 From ATNets to ECATnets ...................................................... 25 2.4.3 Rewriting L o g ic............................................................................ 29 2.4.4 EC ATNets S em an tics ............................................. 30 2.4.5 Example of an EC A TN et ............................................................ 32 2.5 Introducing Time in EC ATN ets ............................................................ 34 2.5.1 Aspect of Time in ECATNets .................................................... 35 2.5.2 Firing Sem antics .......................................................................... 36 2.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 38 i Contents ii 3 Distributed Discrete Event Simulation 40 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 40 3.2 Modelling and Simulation ......................................................................... 41 3.3 Discrete Event Simulation ...................................................................... 42 3.3.1 Time Driven Approach .................................................................. 43 3.3.2 Event Driven A p p ro ach ..............................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • TIMBER HARVESTING in Western Au Strali A
    TIMBER HARVESTING in Western Au strali a =~19~~ Departm ent of Con servation and Land Management " March 1993 Editi on TIMBER HARVESTING in Western Australia ... a reference document comprising: the 'Code of Logging Practice', and the'Manual of Logging Specifications' ... ... for timber harvesting on forests and plantations managed by CALM in the South West of Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Land Management March 1993 Edition PREFACE '!his ... new publication "Timber Harvesting in WA" contains revised editions of the "Ccxle of Logging Practice" <the Ccxle> and the "Manual of Logging Specifications" (the Manual>. '!he Ccxle · and the Manual fonn :parts of a hierarchy of rules relevant · to tinter harvesting operations . controlled by the Deparboont of Conservation and land Managarent. • Conservation and. land Managarent Act ( 1984). • Forest Managarent Regulations 1993 (gazetted 9 February 1993) • .Ccxle ,of Logging Practice • .·Manual of IDgging . Specifications. Bush Fires Act Individual Contracts to Supply negotiated between a logging contractor and CAIM. Forest Produce licence. ·, ·_, . ) .' '!he Ccxie of IDgging Practice, originally written in 1976 as a Code of Sof~ Logging Practice, is a concise ·set of rules governing the conduct of timber harVestlng: ope.i~tions on State forest and other Crown lands managed by CAI.M. , , '!he Ccxle also applies to operations on any private property within these regions where CAIM is responsible for managaren.t of timber harvesting operations. 'lh.e Manual of LJ)gging Specifications, first published in 1987, canplarvants the Ccxie. It consists of the detailed, quantifiable specifications, together with specifications for all log products. Both the Ccxie and the Manual are an integral part of all Contracts.to Supply and all Forest Prcxiuce Licences.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter Newsletter of the Pacific Northwest Forest Service Retirees—Summer 2015 President’S Message—Jim Rice
    OldSmokeys Newsletter Newsletter of the Pacific Northwest Forest Service Retirees—Summer 2015 President’s Message—Jim Rice I had a great career with the U.S. Forest Service, and volunteering for the OldSmokeys now is a opportunity for me to give back a little to the folks and the organization that made my career such a great experience. This past year as President-elect, I gained an understanding about how the organization gets things done and the great leadership we have in place. It has been awesome to work with Linda Goodman and Al Matecko and the dedicated board of directors and various committee members. I am also excited that Ron Boehm has joined us in his new President-elect role. I am looking forward to the year ahead. This is an incredible retiree organization. In 2015, through our Elmer Moyer Memorial Emergency Fund, we were able to send checks to two Forest Service employees and a volunteer of the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest who had lost their homes and all their possessions in a wildfire. We also approved four grants for a little over $8,900. Over the last ten years our organization has donated more than $75,000. This money has come from reunion profits, book sales, investments, and generous donations from our membership. All of this has been given to “non-profits” for projects important to our membership. Last, and most importantly, now is the time to mark your calendars for the Summer Picnic in the Woods. It will be held on August 14 at the Wildwood Recreation Area.
    [Show full text]
  • THE NATIONAL PARK 87 15 CRAWFORD PARK 91 16 CLEAR LAKE THEN and NOW 94 17 SNAPPING up LAKESIDE LOTS 101 18 RIDING MOUNTAIN POTPOURRI 103 Introduction
    i= I e:iii!: When Walter Dinsdale, MP for Brandon­ EMMA RINGSTROM, who was born on her Souris, learned that a book was being pre­ parents' homestead near Weyburn, Sask., pared on tj1e Riding Mountain, he wrote, "It moved with her husband to Dauphin, Man.,. gives me great pleasure to congratulate in 1944. Mr. Ringstrom was a grain buyer for Emma H. Ringstrom and the Riding Moun­ National Grain Co. She later became an tain Historical Society on the presentation associate of Helen Marsh, editor and subse­ of this excellent history ... quently owner and publisher of the Dauphin "As a young lad, I was present at the offi­ Herald. cial opening--my father, George Dinsdale, At one time Mrs. Ringstrom owned and attended in his capacity as MLA for Bran­ operated the Wasagaming Lodge at Clear don. When I married Lenore Gusdal in Lake and did some r~porting fo, the Dauphin 1947, I discovered that her father, L. B. Gus­ Herald, the Wirinipeg Free Press, the Min­ dal, had taken out the first leasehold long nedosa Tribune and the Brandon Sun. before Riding Mountain became a national She collaborated with Helen Marsh on a park. Many of her relatives were among the book on Dauphin and district. Scandinavian craftsmen who left a unique She has been active in community affairs, legacy in log buildings, stone work and furni­ the school board, and the area agricultural ture." society. Later, Mr. Dinsdale was instrumental in Mrs. Ringstrom is the mother of five chil­ introducing a zoning policy "to preserve the dren.
    [Show full text]
  • Manual of Management Guidelines for Timber Harvesting in Western Australia” (The Manual) Replaces the January 1996 Edition of “Timber Harvesting in WA ”
    PREFACE This edition of the “Manual of Management Guidelines for Timber Harvesting in Western Australia” (the Manual) replaces the January 1996 edition of “Timber Harvesting in WA ”. The Manual complements the current edition of the Code of Practice for Timber Harvesting in Western Australia (the Code). As well as providing management guidelines, the Manual includes some quantifiable measures required to implement the Code, together with specifications for all log products, and some important administrative procedures associated with log harvesting. For plantation harvesting operations, reference should also be made to the “Code of Practice for Timber Plantations in Western Australia”, published in 1997. The Manual may be amended from time to time, as improvements to procedures are identified. Amendments will apply as dated and their effect on harvesting contracts will be taken into account by CALM. The Manual is distributed to all CALM Regional and District offices in the south west, to all Forest Officers involved in timber harvesting, and to all CALM harvesting contractors. Members of the public may purchase the Manual at $15.00 per copy. The amendments to the Manual published in this document now apply. Syd Shea EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR March 1999 CONTENTS SECTION 1 – PLANNING 1.1 HARVESTING AND REGENERATION PLANS 1 Pre-harvesting Checklist (Native Forests) (CLM 109) 5 1.2 PHYTOPHTHORA CINNAMOMI HYGIENE PLANS 8 1.3 DRA (QUARANTINE AREA) ENTRY PERMITS 9 SECTION 2 – ROADING 2.1 ROAD PLANNING 10 2.2 ROAD SELECTION 12 2.3 ROAD CONSTRUCTION
    [Show full text]
  • Timber Growing and Logging Practice in Ponderosa Pine in the Northwest
    TECHNICAL BULLETIN NO. 511 JUNE 1936 TIMBER GROWING AND LOGGING PRACTICE IN PONDEROSA PINE IN THE NORTHWEST BY R. H. WEIDMAN Senior Silviculturist Northern Rocky Mountain Forest and Ranfte Experiment Station« Forest Service INTRODUCTION BY FERDINAND^ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, WASHINGTON, D. C. ACKNOWLEDGMENT It is desired to acknowledge the cooperation of C. E. Behre, who, while a member of the Idaho School of Forestry, was enabled, through the courtesy of the State Board of Kegents, to help m checking for parts of Idaho the results of the author's studies upon which this bulletin is based. The author wishes also to extend his thanks for helpful suggestion and criticism received from a number of foresters and lumbermen who were consulted during the prepara- tion of the material and to L. F. Watts for spécial help m the final revision of the manuscript. TECHNICAL BULLETIN NO. 511 JUNE 1936 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON, D. C. TIMBER GROWING AND LOGGING PRACTICE IN PONDEROSA PINE IN THE NORTHWEST By R. H. WEIDMAN Senior silviculturist, Northern Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Ea^eriment Station, Forest Service Introduction hy FERDINAND A. SILCOX, Chief, Forest Service CONTENTS Page Page Introduction 1 Measures necessary to produce full timber General situation in the northwestern pine crops 61 region 3 Conditions suitable for intensive forestry. 61 The forest and forest types 3 The meaning of full productivity 62 The possibilities of timber production 5 Character of the forest to be dealt with.. 62 The importance of advance reproduction _ 5 Growth per acre under intensive forestry.
    [Show full text]
  • Marking Standing Trees with RFID Tags
    Article Marking Standing Trees with RFID Tags Gianni Picchi Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per la Bioeconomica (CNR-IBE), via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; [email protected] Received: 29 December 2019; Accepted: 27 January 2020; Published: 29 January 2020 Abstract: Precision forestry and traceability services for the certification of timber products require reliable systems for the identification of items throughout the supply chains, starting from the inventory of standing trees. AutoID systems based on radio frequency identification (RFID) are regarded as the most promising technology for this purpose. Nevertheless, there is no information available regarding the capacity of RFID tags to withstand the climatic and biological wearing agents present in forests for long periods, while maintaining the stored information and the capacity to return a readable signal over time. In order to assess this aspect, seven RFID UHF tags, selected from the range of commercial models or developed for this purpose, were used to mark standing trees for two years. Results showed that all models proved able to maintain sufficient operative capacity to be identified with manual (proximity) readers. Some models suffered damage to the protective case or were deformed, with a strong decrease in readability. Tags with simple structure and lower cost proved strong enough to endure one year without major drawbacks, and could be best suited for deployment in integrated auto-ID supply chains if used as disposable components. More complex and expensive tags are best suited for long-term marking, but application on living trees requires specific solutions to prevent damage due to stem growth.
    [Show full text]
  • TRAILS of the PAST: Historical Overview of the Flathead National Forest, Montana, 1800-1960
    TRAILS OF THE PAST: Historical Overview of the Flathead National Forest, Montana, 1800-1960 By Kathryn L. McKay Historian 1994 Final report of a Historic Overview prepared under agreement with the United States, Flathead National Forest, Kalispell, Montana (Contract #43-0385-3-0363). Submitted in fulfillment of agreement by Kathryn L. McKay, Consulting Historian, 491 Eckelberry Dr., Columbia Falls, Montana, 59912. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Acknowledgements Previous Work Methodology Physical Environment Abbreviations Used in Text Introduction The Fur Trade Introduction The Fur Trade Missionary Activity and Early Exploration Introduction Missionary Activity Railroad Surveys International Boundary Surveys Other Early Explorations Mining Introduction Oil Fields Coal Deposits Placer and Lode Mining General Prospector's Life Placer and Lode Mining in the Flathead Settlement and Agriculture Introduction Settlement Up to 1871 1871-1891 1891 to World War II World War II to Present Forest Reserves Introduction Forested Land on the Public Domain up to 1891 Creation of the Forest Reserves GLO Administration of the Forest Reserves, 1898-1905 Forest Supervisors and Rangers on the Flathead and Lewis & Clarke Forest Reserves, 1898-1905 Forest Service Administration, 1905-1960 Introduction Qualifications of Early Forest Service Workers Daily Work of Early Forest Service Employees Forest Service Food Winter Work Families Injuries Special-Use Permits Forestry Research and Education World Wars Administrative Sites Boundaries Northern Pacific Railroad
    [Show full text]
  • The Man with the Marking Axe
    Walter J. Perry (‒) worked at many jobs—most notably mining and logging in Mexico—before finding his “real life’s work” in the U.S. Forest Service. After joining the Forest Service in at age , he served on four national forests in New Mexico and Oregon as a forest ranger and timber manager until he retired in . As a forester, these excerpts from his memoir published by Wilderness Associates in attest, he was both philosopher and humorist. Perry’s timber management philosophy, shared with the many young graduate foresters he “broke in” on the job, carries an enduring ethical message. THE MAN WITH THE MARKING AXE BY WALTER J. PERRY (Edited by Les Joslin) he farther I went in forestry the bet- put across to the young men working can get to the trees, if he is either lazy or Tter I liked it. Also, it appeared to me with me, but never in the form of cut and physically unfit for hard work, or if he does then, and still does, that I was holding a dried “lessons” or “lectures.” not avoid lost motion in getting around to job of top-notch responsibility and his timber. importance—proper management of a The key to successful implementation timber sale area. Certainly, I thought, the of a timber sale in the ponderosa pine Perry’s experiences as a timber sale chief function of the Forest Service was forests Perry worked was “marking” manager added another dimension to to protect, improve, and conserve forest each and every tree to be cut. this personal and professional work resources, and chiefly the dwindling tim- ethic.
    [Show full text]
  • Pd 705 Revised Forestry Code Pdf
    Pd 705 revised forestry code pdf Continue MALACASANGM n i l PRESIDENT OF THE WORLD No. 19 May 19, 1975 REVISING PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 389, Otherwise, THE GOOD OF THE FORESTRY REFORM CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, the proper classification, management and use of public domain lands to maximize their productivity to meet the needs of our growing population is urgently needed; To achieve the above goal, it is necessary to re-evaluate the many uses of forest land and resources before allowing any use of them to optimize the benefits that can be derived from them; There is also a need to pay special attention not only to their use, but also to the protection, restoration and development of forest land in order to ensure the continuity of their productive status; CURRENT laws and regulations governing forest land are not responsive enough to support refocused government programmes, projects and efforts to properly classify and delimit the public domain, as well as to manage, use, protect, restore and develop forest land; Now, SO, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution, are now reviewing Presidential Decree No. 389 read as follows: Section 1. The name of this Code. The decree should be known as the Revised Forest Code of the Philippines. Section 2. Policy. The State is now adopting the following policy: (a) the reuse of forest land should be focused on the country's development and progress needs, the development of science and technology and public welfare; The classification and survey of land should be organized and accelerated; The establishment of a woodworking plant should be encouraged and streamlined; and (d) the protection, development and rehabilitation of forest land should be emphasized in order to ensure that they are productive.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Standard Articles of Equipment, Stationery and Office Supplies to Be
    Historic, Archive Document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. List* of S-fca.nd.arcl Articles of* Pgulpment, Stationery Office supplies to be procured upony fP r "Requisition on the pro pert Lj Clerk) Odder,o Utah LJ»S ‘Department ot Agriculture P Porest Servi-ce UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LIBRARY BOOK NUMBER 1 F76Lt 8—7671 7 Form 361. EDITION OF FEBRUARY, 1909. (Destroy previous edition.) United States Department of Agriculture, FOREST SERVICE. LIST OF STANDARD ARTICLES OF EQUIPMENT, STATIONERY, AND OFFICE SUPPLIES TO RE PROCURED UPON REQUISITION ON THE PROPERTY CLERK, OGDEN, UTAH. Articles not appearing upon this list are to be purchased, when possible, in the field? upon Letters of Authorization. If not to be procured advantageously in a local market, the circumstances should be explained to the District Forester by letter, and special arrangements will be made. Members of the Service will be held strictly accountable for the economical use of supplies and equipment. Revised editions of this list will be forwarded to District and Supervisors’ head- quarters without request. (See Form 258 for index of standard field forms.) INSTRUMENTS AND FIELD EQUIPMENT. Alidades, ruler or sight. Axes, marking. Badges, “ Forest Service. 7 Bags, riding saddle (for use of Administrative Officers, Inspectors, etc.). water, 2|-gallon. 5-gallon. Barometers, aneroid, 8,000k '. 10 , 000 12 '. , 000 Buckets, canvas, water. Calipers, tree, 34". 51". 60". Cameras, 4x5 Century, with roll holder (use for camera must be explained). Canteens, ^-gallon. Cases, camera. leather, manuscript (for use by Administrative Officers and Supervisors). canvas (for Rangers 7 use).
    [Show full text]
  • Landwirtschaft Und Verbraucherschutz Des Landes Nordrhein- Westfalen
    PROCEEDINGS Seminar on Gender and Forestry and IUFRO 6.08.01 Workshop Umeå, Sweden June 17-21, 2006 Editors: Gun Lidestav Eva Holmgren Organized by the Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå Gender and Forestry, Field Trip-Seminar-Workshop SLU, Umeå 2006 11 Gender and Forestry, Field Trip-Seminar-Workshop SLU, Umeå 2006 PROCEEDINGS Symposium on Gender and Forestry and IUFRO 6.08.01 Workshop Umeå, Sweden June 17-21, 2006 Editors: Gun Lidestav Eva Holmgren Organized by Faculty of Forest Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå, Sweden 12 Gender and Forestry, Field Trip-Seminar-Workshop SLU, Umeå 2006 13 Gender and Forestry, Field Trip-Seminar-Workshop SLU, Umeå 2006 PREFACE Forestry concerns not only of plants, animals, soil, and water conditions. It also concerns actions, thinking, and relations between human beings, who organise and carry out specific tasks and management on a business level. Furthermore, it concerns people as consumers of forest products, services and environmental goods. By applying a gender perspective, we will increase our knowledge and skills in the management of this valuable nature resource. Photo: Sven-Olof Bylund, SLU The objective of this International Seminar on Gender and Forestry was to raise awareness of the present gender structures in forest ownership and forest organisations, and to reveal the impact of gender on the perception of forests and forestry in Europe, CIS and North America. More than sixty foresters and researchers from fifteen countries were gathered to exchange knowledge and experiences and to plan future co-operation. This was done by presenting and discussing the Report „Time for action – Changing the gender situation in forestry‘ prepared by the Team of Specialists (Appendix 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter Newsletter of the Pacific Northwest Forest Service Retirees—Spring 2009
    OldSmokeys Newsletter Newsletter of the Pacific Northwest Forest Service Retirees—Spring 2009 President’s Message—John Nesbitt I wish to thank all OldSmokeys for allowing me to be your president the last one and one-half years. As John Poppino told me when I was elected President Elect, “Don’t worry about being the President, this outfit runs itself. Good ideas surface, the Board argues, everyone is heard, and the right decision is made.” It has been a real pleasure serving you, and I know we all look forward to Bruce Hendrickson’s time in the chair starting in May. Please mark your calendars for two upcoming and important OldSmokeys events. On May 17 we will hold the Annual Meeting and Banquet, and on August 14 we will celebrate our summer picnic. The times and details can be found elsewhere in this newsletter. Also, there will be a national U.S. Forest Service reunion in Missoula, Montana, in September. Many OldSmokeys are planning to attend, so there will be lots of opportunities for car pooling, or maybe even hiring a bus. As with the banquet and picnic, more details can be found in this newsletter. Our Board wants all of you to know how much we appreciate those who have produced our two latest books. Thanks for the first, an anthology of personal stories about Forest Service life in Oregon and Washington from 1905 to 2005 entitled We Had An Objective in Mind published by the Pacific Northwest Forest Service Association (PNWFSA) itself in 2005, go to a host of OldSmokeys led by Rolf Anderson.
    [Show full text]