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My Final Quiz Score: ______Farming Timeline 762 AD – The decision to build the ‘round city’. 768 AD – The ‘round city’ finished. 800 AD – The city becomes the largest city in the world. 810 AD – Baghdad becomes a hub for learning and com- merce, great scientific and maths advances made. 930 AD – Cordoba (Spain) overtakes Baghdad as world’s larg- est city. Abbasid Caliphate 950 AD – The decline of the Abbasid Caliphate begins and continues until the 13th century. • The Abbasid Caliphate, which ruled the Muslim world from their capital, Baghdad, was the third of the Islam- 1258 AD – Baghdad destroyed by Mongols. House of Wisdom ic Caliphates. REMEMBER THE ANGLO-SAXONS AND VIKING ERA WAS TAK- • They ruled as caliphs from 750 to 1258 A.D, after hav- • ING PLACE AT THE SAME TIME! ing overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid The famous library known as the House of Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH). Wisdom was located within the grounds of the city. • Harun al-Rashid was the fifth ruler of the Abbasid Cali- • People came from all over the world to learn in phate. His reign was considered to be the golden age Topic Speed Words Baghdad. of Islam. Siege—A military operation in which enemy forces sur- • In AD 900 Baghdad had the largest collection of round an area. books in the world. Thousands were destroyed when Baghdad the Mongols threw them into the Tigris River. Caliphate— An empire under Islamic rulership. • The round city of Baghdad is the original core of Baghdad, built by the Abbasid Caliph Al- Golden Age— A time of prosperity Mansur between AD 762–767 as the official residence Residence— A person’s home, especially an impressive of the Abbasid court. The city walls were thick to help one defend the people inside. In the centre of the city was Fall of the Abbasids a mosque and a palace. Fertile—Producing abundant vegetation or crops • The early 1200s saw the rise of the Mongol Empire • Around the outside of the city were markets and in Eastern Asia. The Mongols conquered China and Commerce— The activity of buying and selling homes. Four avenues of trees spanned out from the then began their march west to the Middle East. centre of the city stretching to each of the four city gates so that people could enter the city from which- • In 1258, the Mongols arrived at Baghdad, the capital ever direction they were travelling in. city of the Abbasid Caliphate. The Caliph at the time Year 5—Spring Term 1 believed that Baghdad could not be conquered and • Baghdad was built on the fertile banks of River Tigris. refused to meet the Mongols' demands. 100% Sheet This location was ideal because lots of trade routes crossed nearby and the fertile land meant that the • The leader of the Mongols, Hulagu Khan, then set Name: _____________________________ siege to the city. In less than two weeks Baghdad surrounding area could produce lots of food through My Final Quiz Score: _________________ farming. People came to Baghdad to buy and sell had surrendered and the Caliph was put to death. things and also to study. ink? with black run have to said were waters its that Tigris River the into scripts destroyed the city they threw so many manu- many so threw they city the destroyed Mongols the when know you Did.
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