DOCSLIB.ORG

THESIS PREPARATION APPROVAL FORM Title

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THESIS PREPARATION APPROVAL FORM Title THESIS PREPARATION APPROVAL FORM Title of thesis or dissertation: RETHINKING THE URBAN IDENTITY OF BAGHDAD IN THE 21ST CENTURY I. To be completed by the student: I certify that this document meets the preparation guidelines as presented in the Style Guide and Instructions for Preparing Thesis. _________________________________ _______________ (Signature of Student) (Date) II. To be completed by thesis advisor: This document is suitable for submission. _________________________________ _______________ (Signature of Advisor) (Date) II. To be completed by College Director. I certify, to the best of my knowledge, that the required procedures have been followed and the preparation criteria have been met for this thesis. _________________________________ _______________ (Signature of Director) (Date) XC: GRADUATE COORDINATOR RETHINKING THE URBAN IDENTITY OF BAGHDAD IN THE 21ST CENTURY. A thesis submitted to the College of Architecture & Environmental Design of Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master’s of Urban Design by Nadia R. Salman August/2014 iii Thesis written by Nadia R. Salman B.Sc., University of Baghdad, Iraq 2009 Approved by ____________________________________________________ Adil Sharag Eldin, Ph.D., Advisor ____________________________________________________ Jonathan Fleming, MArch, Director, Program of Masters of Urban Design ____________________________________________________ Douglas Steidl, Dean, College of Architecture & Environmental Design iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………………..………….….....11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ......................................................................................................................66 CHAPTER 1. PLACE IDENTITY…………………………………………………………..………………..……7 4 1.1 Introduction …………………………………………….…….…………..………..8 5 1.2 Identity Notion …………………………………………………..……………... 8 10 1.3 Suitability as a Standard ………………………………………………………...….12 10 1.4 Identity Aspects 1.4.1 Culture ……………………………………………..……….....….…..… 1415 1.4.1.1 Religions & Traditions …………………………………….…...……...... 16 15 1.4.1.2 Symbolism ……………….………………………………..….……..….…17 17 1.4.2 Science and Technology ……………...………..…………..…………....…18 18 1.4.3 Natural Aspects ………………………………………….……….….……..19 20 1.4.4 Architectural Heritage …………………………………….….………….....20 21 2. THE BAGHDADI IDENTITY …………………………………………...…….………..…….... 24 22 2.1 Brief History ………………………………………………………….……..…..… 25 23 2.2 The Identity Crisis ………………………………………...…………...…..……....23 25 2.3 General Characteristics ………………………………………….…….……...…. 2827 2.3.1 Location ………………………………….....………..…….…......……….27 28 2.3.2 Climate ……………………………….…………………….…...………. 2828 v 2.4 Phases of Transformation in the Urban Form of Baghdad 2.4.1 The Traditional Fabric …………………….......…………….……………. 2931 2.4.2 The International Style …………………….......…………………………. 3336 2.4.3 The Nostalgia …………………….......……………...………….……….... 3538 2.4.4 The Present …………………….......………………...……………….…... 3741 Current recognition of heritage ……….………………………….........…. 39 3. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION …………………………………….………………..44 48 3.1 Conclusions …………………….......................………………..…………………. 4945 3.2 Recommendation …………………….......................……………………………. 5449 4. PROJECT: Designing a New Neighborhood in Baghdad…………………………………………..52 4.1 Guidelines……………………………………..……………………………..…………53 4.2 Project Site…………………………..…………………………………..………… 56 4.3 Current Plan………………………………………………………………..…………58 4.4 Demographics & Housing Demand…………………………………………..………59 4.5 Proposed Zoning…………………………………….…………………..……………60 4.6 Proposed Plan…………………………………..………………………….…………63 4.7 Design Theme……………………………………..……………………..……………68 4.8 Single-family Housing 4.8.1 Analysis………………………………..………………………………..……69 4.8.2 Proposed Design…………………………………..……………….…………71 4.8.2.1 Climatic Performance………………………………………………72 4.8.2.2 Elevations……………………………………..………..……………75 4.9 Multifamily Housing 4.9.1 The Plan…………………………………………….…..……………………76 4.9.2 Design & Climatic Performance………………………....……………………78 4.9.3 Privacy………………………………………………...……………………80 4.9.4 Diversity………………………………………….…..…………………… 80 4.10 The Commercial Area………………………………..………….………..……………81 4.11 Park 1…………………………………………….. …………..………………………85 4.12 Park 2………………………………………………………..…....……………………87 4.13 Discussion……………………………………………..………...……………………87 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………………. 90 1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Buildings in Iraq by Architect Rifaat Chadirji* ……………….......……………….………. 7 9 2. Ministry of Housing and Construction *…………………….......………………….…………..10 8 3. Using SUITABILITY as a standard for achieving IDENTITY …………….………….......... 1413 An artist's rendition of Baghdad around 762 AD, Abbasids ۞.…………..………………. 2823 .4 Arial view of a government palace in Baghdad ۞………………………………………….. 25 .5 6. Office building –Baghdad*…………………………………………………………………………26 7. Classroom building- Univ. of Tech.- Baghdad*……………….......…………….…….……….26 28 Topography ۞………………….......………………………………………………….…….….27 29 .8 River front, Baghdad ۞………………….......…………………………………..…..………. 2830 .9 Development of Baghdad through history ۞…………….....………………..….………..…. 3032 .10 Alleys module ۞………………….......………………….……………………………………31 34 .11 12. Mashrabiya in Baghdadi house* …………………….………………….………......…………….31 3 13. Al-Khadimya neighborhood ……………………..……………………......………….……….32 35 14. Wide streets through traditional city. Al-adamiya neighborhood. 1930s*…………………………………..…………………………34 38 Al-Rasheed st. 1950s ۞………………….......……………………………….……..….……….34 38 .15 Sports Hall by Le Corbusier ۞………………….......……………………………….……..….35 38 .16 Al-Damirchi Building by Niaz Fatto ۞…………………………………………………………3835 .17 18. Al-Khulafa mosque by Makiya*…………………….......……………………………..……. 3936 19. Residential building by Abdullah Thabit. Baghdad*…….………......…….………...………….36 39 Public Square. Baghdad 1970s ۞………………….......……………………………….……….36 39 .20 Permission gotten ۞ Permission sought * 2 21. AL-YARMOUK neighborhood. 1970s …………………….......……………………………….37 41 22. Residential street with no vegetation*…………………………………………......…………….38 4 23. Commercial street with small shrubs*…………………………….…….......………………….38 45 24. Using Mashrabiya as Decorative addition in governmental building. Baghdad*........................4541 25. Contemporary implementation of arches*…………………….......…………………………….41 46 26. Interstate gate in Basrah*…………………….......………………………….……….………….42 46 Bridge of Civilization in Nasirya ۞………………….……….……….………......………….. 4246 .27 28. Mashrabiya condition in the past (left) & now (right).)*………………….....………………….43 47 29. Mustansirya historical school condition in the past (left) & now (right)*…………….……… 4743 30. The suitable elements of the architectural identity of Baghdad in priority sequence ………...……51 31. Testing shading for different orientation. …………………..……………………………….. 53 32. Temperature info. & Best Orientation. Source: climate consultant…………………………. 53 33. Using deciduous trees for shading in Summer and Allowing sun in Winter…………………. 54 34. Wind directions in Baghdad.Source: climate consultant…………………………………….. 54 35. Blocking North wind………………………………………………………………………… 54 36. Filtrating dusty wind……………………………………………………………………………….54 37. Privacy: using screens to control privacy*…………………………………………………………55 38. Diversity……………………………………………………………………………………… 55 39. Guidelines’ Logos…………………………………………………………………………………55 40. Map of Baghdad 2014. Source: Google Maps…………………………………………………….56 41. North East side of Baghdad 2014. Source: Google Maps…………………………………… 57 42. The boundaries of Al-Rehab complex. Source: Google Maps…………………………….. 57 43. Current Plan*……………………………………………………………………………………58 44. Current Plan Assessment…………………………………………………………………………..58 45. Housing Demand………………………………………………………………………………..59 3 46. Unit types distribution………………………………………………………………………….59 47. Project area…………………………………………………………………………………………59 48. The site area………………………………………………………………………..………… 60 49. The green belt…………………………………………………………………………………. 60 50. The Residential Area……………………………………………………………………………61 51. Equitable access to the public services. ……………………………………………………… 61 52. Zoning.………………………………… ……………………………………..…………….. 62 53. Neighborhood Plan (Buildings) ……………………………………………………………… 63 54. Neighborhood Plan (Street network & parking) …………………………………………………64 … 55. Neighborhood Plan (small parks & playgrounds) ………………………………………………65… 56. Neighborhood Plan (Main Parks) ………………………………………………………………65 57. Neighborhood Plan…………………………………………………………………………………66 58. Bird’s eye view……………………………………………………………………………………67 59. Mustansria School*…………………………………………………………………………… 68 60. Mashrabia*………………………………………………………………………………………….68 61. Theme Sketches………………………………………………………………………..…… 68 62. Proposed Theme…………………………………………………………………………………69 63. Traditional Baghdadi House plan…………………………………………………………………70 64. Contemporary house plan*………………………………………………………………………70 65. Single-family Houses zone………………………………………………………………………71… 66. 3D model (shading & wind catcher).……………………….…………………………… …………72 67. Single-House 3D model……………………………………………………………………… 72 68. Proposed house plan………………………………………………………………………………72 69. Climatic performance in summer…………………………………………………………………73 70. Climatic performance in winter.…………………………………………………..……………73 4 71. Single House Top View/ South-facing Wall…………………………………………………… 74 3D Model/ South facing wall.……………………………………………… ………………… 72. 74 73. Double Wall Performance in Summer……………………………………………………………… 74 74. Double Wall Performance in Winter……………………………………………………………… 74 75. Street view………………………………………………………………………………………… 75 76. Multifamily Building Sketch……………………………………………………………………….
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Application of Visualisation
    THE APPLICATION OF VISUALISATION TOOLS TO ENABLE ARCHITECTS TO EXPLORE THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART MATERIALS IN A CONTEMPORARY SHANASHIL BUILDING DESIGN ELEMENT FOR HOT ARID CLIMATES Tamarah Alqalami Ph.D. Thesis 2017 THE APPLICATION OF VISUALISATION TOOLS TO ENABLE ARCHITECTS TO EXPLORE THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART MATERIALS IN A CONTEMPORARY SHANASHIL BUILDING DESIGN ELEMENT FOR HOT ARID CLIMATES School of the Built Environment University of Salford, Salford, UK Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, August 2017 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................... I LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................ V LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................. IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................................................... X DEDICATION ...................................................................................................................................... XI ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................. XII ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization (JITC)
    Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization (JITC) Volume 7, Issue 1, Spring 2017 ISSN: 2075-0943, eISSN: 2520-0313 Journal DOI: https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc Issue DOI: https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.71 Homepage: https://www.umt.edu.pk/jitc/home.aspx Journal QR Code: Article: Conceptual Framework of an Ideal Muslim Indexing Partners Capital: Comparison between Early Muslim Capital of Baghdad and Islamabad Author(s): Faiqa Khilat Fariha Tariq Online Pub: Spring 2017 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.71.05 Article QR Code: Khilat, Faiqa, and Fariha Tariq. “Conceptual framework To cite this of an ideal Muslim capital: Comparison between article: early Muslim capital of Baghdad and Islamabad.” Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 7, no. 1 (2017): 71–88. Crossref This article is open access and is distributed under the terms of Copyright Creative Commons Attribution – Share Alike 4.0 International Information License A publication of the Department of Islamic Thought and Civilization School of Social Science and Humanities University of Management and Technology Lahore Conceptual Framework of an Ideal Muslim Capital: Comparison between Early Muslim Capital of Baghdad and Islamabad Faiqa Khilat School of Architecture and Planning, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Fariha Tariq School of Architecture and Planning, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan Abstract According to Islamic teaching the Muslim capital city should incorporate fundamental elements of socio- economic enrichment and also a hospitable glance for its visitors. Various cities in the history of Islamic world performed as administrative capitals such as Medina, Damascus, Kufa, Baghdad, Isfahan, Mash’had etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Ibn Al-Haitham)
    University of Baghdad College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham) This paper is Blank Ibn Al-Haitham 1St. International Scientific Conference – 2017 (IHSCICONF) Proceedings IOP Publisher Volume Preface IHSCICONF 2017, International Conference on Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Mathematics, and Physics, Take place in Baghdad, Iraq, from December 13-14, 2017. IHSCICONF 2017 is assisted by the College of education for pure science – Ibn Al Haitham \ University of Baghdad and with supporting of the American Chemical Society (ACS) in Iraq. IHSCICONF 2017 aimed to distills the most current knowledge on a rapidly advancing discipline in one conference. Join key researchers and established professionals in the field of Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Mathematics and Physics as they assess the current state-of-the-art and roadmap crucial areas for future research. We aimed to build an idea-trading platform for the purpose of encouraging researcher participating in this event. The papers to be presented at IHSCICONF 2017 address many grand challenges in sciences. The full papers that presented are peer- reviewed by three expert reviewers. This paper is Blank Ibn Al-Haitham 1St. International Scientific Conference – 2017 (IHSCICONF) Proceedings IOP Publisher Volume Prof. Dr. Sameer Atta Makki ([email protected]) Editor in Chief Assist.Prof. Dr. Firas Abdul ([email protected]) Manager and Hameed Abdul Latef Editor Prof. Dr. Luma Naji Mohammed (dr. [email protected]) Editor Tawfiq Prof. Dr.Nahla Abud AL-Radi ([email protected]) Editor AL- Bakri Inst. Dr. Raied Mustafa Shakir ([email protected]) Editor This paper is Blank Ibn Al-Haitham 1St. International Scientific Conference – 2017 (IHSCICONF) Proceedings IOP Publisher Volume the Conference Opening ceremony of ceremony Opening Ibn Al-Haitham 1St.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Infonnadon Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 A CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPOEU^.RY IRAQI ART USING SIX CASE STUDIES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Mohammed Al-Sadoun ***** The Ohio Sate University 1999 Dissertation Committee Approved by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviewer Application
    Position or First Name Last Name Name of University/Institute City Country Title Prof. MELITO BACCAY TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Manila Philippines Prof. Ignacio Fructuoso Solis Quispe UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO Cusco Perú Prof. Ibrahim Rahim national Research Centre Cairo Egypt Prof. Mohamed Redha MENANI Geology Dept, Batna 2 University Batna Algeria Prof. Lindrianasari Lindrianasari University of Lampung Bandar Lampung Indonesia Prof. Sunil Ahirwar Shri Govindram Seksaria Institute of Technology and Science Indore India Prof. Mohamed Rashed Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, Geology Department Alexandria Egypt Prof. Valeriy Perminov Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russia Prof. Kasinathan Muthukkumaran NIT Tiruchirappalli Tiruchirappalli India Prof. Adolf Heinrich Horn Federal University of Minas Grais-UFMG/Geoscience Institute-IGC Belo Horizonte Brazil Prof. Lily Surayya Eka Putri State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Ciputat Indonesia Prof. Waseim Ragab Azzam Tanta University Tanta Egypt Prof. SAAD ALABDULLAH FACULTYT OF ENGINEERING AMMAN JORDAN Prof. Askar Zhussupbekov Eurasian National University Astana Kazakhstan Prof. Dawn Iris Calibo Siquijor State College Larena Siquijor Prof. Hamidi Abdul Aziz Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal Malaysia Prof. Mohammed Matallah University of Tlemcen Tlemcen Algeria Prof. Ahmed Nooh EPRI, Ahmed Zomor St, Nasr city, Cairo Cairo Egypt Prof. Mohammed Jashimuddin Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh Prof. Salam Bash AlMaliki Baghdad-Iraq Baghdad Iraq Prof. salah Akkal University of Constantine Constantine Algeria Prof. Jonathan Dungca De La Salle University Manila Philippines Prof. Vladislav Zaalishvili Geophysical Institute of Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre RAS Vladikavkaz Russia Prof. Abdelnaser Omran Department of Risk Management / School of Economics, Finance and Banking Sintok Kedah Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • UN Assistance Mission for Iraq ﺑﻌﺜﺔ اﻷﻣﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة (UNAMI) ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة
    ﺑﻌﺜﺔ اﻷﻣﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة UN Assistance Mission for Iraq ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﻟﻠﻌﺮاق (UNAMI) Human Rights Report 1 September– 31 October 2006 Summary 1. Despite the Government’s strong commitment to address growing human rights violations and lay the ground for institutional reform, violence reached alarming levels in many parts of the country affecting, particularly, the right to life and personal integrity. 2. The Iraqi Government, MNF-I and the international community must increase efforts to reassert the authority of the State and ensure respect for the rule of law by dismantling the growing influence of armed militias, by combating corruption and organized crime and by maintaining discipline within the security and armed forces. In this respect, it is encouraging that the Government, especially the Ministry of Human Rights, is engaged in the development of a national system based on the respect of human rights and the rule of law and is ready to address issues related to transitional justice so as to achieve national reconciliation and dialogue. 3. The preparation of the International Compact for Iraq, an agreement between the Government and the international community to achieve peace, stability and development based on the rule of law and respect for human rights, is perhaps a most significant development in the period. The objective of the Compact is to facilitate reconstruction and development while upholding human rights, the rule of law, and overcoming the legacy of the recent and distant past. 4. UNAMI Human Rights Office (HRO) received information about a large number of indiscriminate and targeted killings. Unidentified bodies continued to appear daily in Baghdad and other cities.
    [Show full text]
  • Naser Hassan AI-Rifaei
    The Principle of Movement in Moroccan Design; as a source of inspiration for contemporary artistic applications Practice-based research in Art and Design Naser Hassan AI-Rifaei A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Brighton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2009 University of Brighton Abstract This project focuses on utilizing the principle of movement contained in traditional Moroccan design (PMMD) for the production of new and inventive artworks. The PMMD is one of the main concepts that rules the creation and construction of design elements; it consists of a group of advanced technical procedures applied to achieve the highest levels of unity, harmony, variation and rhythm between lines and shapes. Great consideration in the PMMD is given to the viewer's perception, as all parts are formed to be equally interesting and to work harmoniously together suggesting ways for the viewer's eye to interact with and move in and throughout the composition. The purpose of this research is to examine viable methods for stimulating new ideas by taking the aesthetic and technical significances of the PMMD as a source of creative inspiration. The work involved analyzing the relationship between form, method and perception in traditional compositions by exploring the role of PMMD in 1) the process of creating and shaping design elements separately, 2) methods of relating the lines and shapes of different design components. Data on PMMD was collected from recent literature on Islamic art and Moroccan design, from interviews with master-craftsmen, and from my personal analyses and observations.
    [Show full text]
  • “The Modern Regionalized: a Tribute to Rifat Chadirji” by Dr. Sharon C
    “The Modern Regionalized: A Tribute to Rifat Chadirji” By Dr. Sharon C. Smith, 30 April 2020 What did it mean for the Aga Khan Documentation Center at MIT (AKDC@MIT) to be chosen as the home of Rifat Chadirji’s archive?1 Personally, as the founding director, the honor was enormous and surreal: An unthinkable dream realized less than five years from the founding of the re-envisioned Center at MIT. Amazing as his gift was, in conjunction with that of Mohamed Makiya and Hisham Munir, Chadirji’s donation allowed for the intellectual reconnection of three prominent Iraqi architects who worked to found the School of Architecture at the University of Baghdad.2 (Fig. 1) Figure 1: Example from The Rifat Chadirji Archive at AKDC@MIT Open House, 2016. (Photo: Sharon C. Smith, Ph.D.) Rifat Chadirji was one of the most influential Iraqi architects of the twentieth century and this was not lost on me or anyone in the Aga Khan Programs.3 Furthermore, Chadirji was an accomplished photographer, author, teacher, and critic, a profound intellectual and thinker: He was a polymath. Much has been written about Dr. Rifat Chadirji and his work as the scholarly and architectural world learns of his passing on 10 April 2020.4 He, as so many others, succumbed to the new and deadly Covid-19 virus sweeping the world.5 This brief essay, however, is not an obituary, rather I seek to position Chadirji in his historical moment of modernism in Middle Eastern architecture and the cultural landscape of the same. Born in Baghdad in 1926, Chadirji was educated in the UK (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a Deleuzian Approach in Urban Design
    Difference and Repetition in Redevelopment Projects for the Al Kadhimiya Historical Site, Baghdad, Iraq: Towards a Deleuzian Approach in Urban Design A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ARCHITECTURE In the School of Architecture and Interior Design Of the college of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning 2018 By Najlaa K. Kareem Bachelor of Architecture, University of Technology 1999 Master of Science in Urban and Regional Planning, University of Baghdad 2004 Dissertation Committee: Adrian Parr, PhD (Chair) Laura Jenkins, PhD Patrick Snadon, PhD Abstract In his book Difference and Repetition, the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze distinguishes between two theories of repetition, one associated with the ‘Platonic’ theory and the other with the ‘Nietzschean’ theory. Repetition in the ‘Platonic’ theory, via the criterion of accuracy, can be identified as a repetition of homogeneity, using pre-established similitude or identity to repeat the Same, while repetition in the ‘Nietzschean’ theory, via the criterion of authenticity, is aligned with the virtual rather than real, producing simulacra or phantasms as a repetition of heterogeneity. It is argued in this dissertation that the distinction that Deleuze forms between modes of repetition has a vital role in his innovative approaches to the Nietzschean’s notion of ‘eternal return’ as a differential ontology, offering numerous insights into work on issues of homogeneity and heterogeneity in a design process. Deleuze challenges the assumed capture within a conventional perspective by using German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche’s conception of the ‘eternal return.’ This dissertation aims to question the conventional praxis of architecture and urban design formalisms through the impulse of ‘becoming’ and ‘non- representational’ thinking of Deleuze.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Date 04/10/2021 06:40:30
    Mamluk cavalry practices: Evolution and influence Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Nettles, Isolde Betty Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 04/10/2021 06:40:30 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289748 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this roproduction is dependent upon the quaiity of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that tfie author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g.. maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal secttons with small overlaps. Photograpiis included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6' x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrattons appearing in this copy for an additk)nal charge.
    [Show full text]
  • The University at War1
    The University at War1 By Hugh Gusterson (George Mason University) The political scientist Mark Duffield has observed that the effect of Western intervention in Iraq has actually been to “demodernize” that country.2 This is ironic given that the military campaigns against Iraq and Afghanistan have been accompanied by narratives of the West’s obligation to modernize backward nations. Nowhere is the truth of Duffield’s observation clearer than in the story of what has happened to Iraq’s education system, especially its higher education system. Western intervention has ended up destroying Iraq’s universities, formerly among the best in the region, as functional institutions. “Up to the Early 1980s, Iraq’s educational system was considered one of the best in the Middle East. As a result of its drastic and prolonged decline since then, it is now one of the weakest,” concludes a 2008 official report.3 Iraq has a long and venerable tradition as a center of higher learning. As Eric Herring observes, “Iraqis tend to see themselves proudly as coming from a society that was the cradle of civilization in its ancient contributions to the development of writing, legal systems, libraries, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, technology and so on.”4 Mosul houses the world’s oldest known library, which dates to the seventh century. And In 832 the construction of the Byat al Hikma (house of Wisdom) established the new capital [Baghdad] as an unrivaled center of scholarship and intellectual exchange. The tradition of research there brought advances in astronomy, optics, physics and mathematics. The father of algebra, Al Khawarizmii, labored among its scrolls.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinan and the Competitive Discourse of Earlymodern Islamic Architecture
    GULRU NECIPOGLU CHALLENGING THE PAST: SINAN AND THE COMPETITIVE DISCOURSE OF EARLYMODERN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE Oleg Grabar compared architecture in the formative pe­ As Spiro Kostof noted, "The very first monument of the riod of Islam, with its novel synthesis of Byzantine and new faith, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, was a pat­ Sasanian elements, to "a sort ofgraft on other living enti­ ently competitive enterprise" that constituted a conspic­ ties." "The Muslim world," he wrote, "did not inherit uous violation of the Prophet's strictures against costly exhausted traditions, but dynamic ones, in which fresh buildings. The Dome of the Rock and other Umayyad interpretations and new experiments coexisted with old imperial projects not only challenged the modest archi­ ways and ancient styles."I In this study dedicated to him I tecture of the early caliphs stationed in Medina, but at would like to show that a similar process continued to the same time invited a contest with the Byzantine archi­ inform the dynamics oflater Islamic architecture whose tectural heritage of Syria, the center of Umayyad power. history in the early-modern era was far from being a rep­ A well-known passage by the tenrh-century author etition of preestablished patterns constituting a mono­ Muqaddasi identifies the competition with Byzantine lithic tradition with fixed horizons. The "formation" of architecture, a living tradition associated with the great­ Islamic architecture(s) was a process that never stopped. est rival of the Umayyads, as the central motive behind Its parameters were continually redefined according to the ambitious building programs ofcAbd ai-Malik (685­ the shifting power centers and emergent identities of 705) and al Walid 1(705-15):3 successive dynasties who formulated distinctive architec­ tural idioms accompanied by recognizable decorative The Caliph al-Walid beheld Syria to be a country that had modes.
    [Show full text]