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INSTITUTE OF SCIENTIFIC AND INTERNATIONAL TROPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION TIMBER ORGANIZATION CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY INSTITUT DE RECHERCHES ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE D'INFORMA nONS FORESTIERE DE DES BOIS TROPICAUX L'ACADEMIE FORESTIERE DE CHINE EL INSTITUTO DE INFORMACION ORGANIZACION INTERNACIONAL ** CIENTIFIC Y TECNOLOGICA DE LA DE LAS MADERAS TROPICALES . AcADEMIA FORESTAL DE CHINA fHE STRUCTURE OF CHINA'S TROPICAL TIMBER MARKET, THE CURRENT SITUATION OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF P. R. C., AND THE PROSPECTS TO THE YEAR 2000 Undertaken for the International Tropical Timber Organization by Mr. Lin Fengming Mr. Xu Changbo Mr. Lu Wenming Ms. Zhu Minhui Mr. Shi Feng from the Institute of Scientific and Technological Information Chinese Academy of Forestry April 1994 Beijing CONTENT Chapter I In Recent Five Years the Development of Forestry in China and of Tropical Forest Products in the World Trade and an Outlook on 2000 (1988-1992) 1 The Economical Development in China in 1988-1992 2 The Forest Development in China in 1988-1992 3 2. 1 Speeding up the culture of forest resources and energetically establishing -plantations 4 2.2 Strengthening the management and protection of forest resources, promoting the level of "Three Controls" 5 2.3 Carrying out a quota system of forest felling and stricrly controlling the consumption of forest resources 8 2.4 Energetically promoting the comprehensive utilization of wood, wood economy and substitution, and easing the contradiction between wood demand <ifld supply 8· 2.5 Importing a part of wood and forest products to make up for the inadequacy of home produced wood (for details, please see section 3) 9 2.6 The current main problems in forestry in China 9 3 An Analysis of Forest Products Trade in China in 1988-1992 10 3. 1 The status of forest products import in China in 1981-1992 11 3.2 The import of tropical forest products and their processing and utilizatign in China in 1988-1992 13 3.3 The development in foreign trade for export of Chinese forest products in 1988-1992 17 4 The Chinese forest product trade policy and measures 17 4.1 Policies 'adopted to continuously encourage the import.of raw materials and primary goods 17 4.2 Policies adopted to encourage foreign enterprisers to come to invest in the construction of the forest product processing bases 18 4.3 Policies adopted to encourage expended export of forest products 18 4.4 Policies adopted to increase overseas investment and to establish forest product production bases 19 5 Outlook for Forestry and the Demand and Supply of Forest Products in China in 2000 20 5. 1 The Chinese population and economic development in 2000 20 5.2 The timber demand in China in 2000 20 5.3 The main objectives of forest development in China in 2000 21 5.4 The main approaches and measures for realizing the equilibrium of timber demand and supply 22 5.5 China's demand for tropical forest products in 2000, and the field and approach of possible cooperation with the tropical timber producing countries 24 6 Conclusions 26 1 Chapter 11 Tropical Forest (Including Bamboo Forest) Resources in China, Present State of Utilization and an Outlook Over the Year 2000 1 A General Picture of Forest (Including Bamboo Forest) Resources in China and Its Utilization 28 1.1 A general introduction to forest resources 28 1.2 Bamboo resources 29 1.3 A brief description of forest industry 29 2 A General Introduction to Tropical Forest Resources in China 34 2.1 Tropical forest resources in Hainan Island 34 2.2 Tropical forest resources in south Yunnan 36 3 Protection Policies and Measures for Tropical Forests in China 38 3.1 Establishment of nature reserves for tropical forests 38 3.2 Implementation of economic support policies and improvement of people's life in forest area step by step 41 3.3 Gradual reduction of felling in natural forests and carrying out sustainable management of tropical forests 41 3.4 Great effort devoted to establishment of plantations and mitigation of pressure on natural forests 42 4 A Brief Description of Tropical Wood Production and Forest Products in Recent Five Years 42 4.1 Tropical wood production a~d consumption 42 4.2 Processed products of domestic tropical timber 43 5 An Outlook over the Development of Forest Resources in China in the Year 2000 44 5. 1 An outlook over the development of forest resources in China 44 5.2 Management objective of tropical forest resources in China and the development in the future 45 5.3 The prospect of tropical wood processing and utilization in China 46 Appendix I: The Catalogue of Species of Commercial Timber in Hainan Province 48 Appendix 11: The Catalogue of Species of Valuable Commercial Timber in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve 54 2 CHAPTER I IN RECENT FIVE YEARS THE DEVELOPMENT OF FORESTRY IN CHINA AND OF TROPICAL FOREST PRODUCTS IN THE WORLD TRADE AND AN OUTLOOK ON 2000 (1988-1992) 1 The Economical Development in China growth rate of output value of the collective enterprises and the three types of ventures (Sino-foreign venture, cooperative in 1988-1992 venture and foreign venture) increased rapidly, being 28.5% and 48.8% respectively. The added value of non-state run After 3 years (1988-1990) of economical development, the industries was 61 % of the total added value of the newly economy in China entered a high increase period in early established industries in China. The vitality of state enterprises, 1990s. It might be said tha! in 1991 the economical especially the large and medium enterprises, increased, too. development was still of a rehabilitational nature (GNP 7.7 %), The added value of state run industries in China was 14.4 % the growth rate of GNP in 1992 was 12.8%, indicating a fast over the previous year. The added value of large and medium increase. At present, the economic growth in China has been industries increased by 15.5 %. In view of the discrepancy far higher than the average growth rate of the world, the between regions, the growth rate of production in the coa~tal industrialized and developing countries. The rate of economic areas was still remarkably higher than that of inhmd. The added growth of the latters are 1.8%, 1.6% (that of the ECO and value of the newly established industries in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, EEC is 1.1 %) and 6.1 %, respectively. Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Hainan Provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, was about 60% of the national The preliminary statistics show that the 1992 GDP in China total. was 2.3938 trillion RMB yuan (about 0.4586 trillion US dollars) (hereinafter referred to as "yuan"), of which the During the period from 1988 to 1992, the GNP increased by agricultural added value was 0.5808 trillion yuan, being 24.2 % 46 %, with an average armual increase of 7.9 %. The range of of GDP, with an increase of 3.7 % over the previous year; the increase appeared greater when compared with that in 1978 in industrial added value was 1.0116 trillion yuan, being 42.3% the initial period of reform and opening (Fig 1). ofGDP, with an increase of20.8% over the previous year; the added value of construction industry was 0.1392 trillion yuan, In the past five years, the economic system reform continued being 5.8% of GDP, with an increase of 18%; the added value deepening, and considerable progress has been made: (1) the of third industry was 0.6623 trillion yuan, being 27.7% of 'continual development of the various economic sectors, (2) the GDP, with an increase of 9.2 %. In the industrial sector,the 2500 2398. 84 2000 -= '" >-"" 1768.,/ o:c 1500 ~ c: c / ro-OO·- '1401. 82 ..c / 700 696.~+' 6 9 44 7. 01 /'" • 9 . 6 3 400 x'--"-"'/ 358.81 519.3 350 ~--~~--~----~--~----~----~--~----~iYear 1978 .80 82 84 86 88 90 92 Fig 1. The change of GNP (absolute value) in China in 1978-1992 1 unceasing increase of market mechanism. Now in price foreign enterprisers according to agreements reached 57.5 formation, 90 % of the industrial consumer goods in the total billion US dollars, and the sum actually invested was 11.16 retail sales had their price determined by market. Of the total billion US dollars, with a 3.8 times and 1.6 times increase, amount of farm produce and by-products purchased, those with respectively. With the expansion of investment scope and open price determined by market were 85 %. Those of the production areas, the three types of ventures quickly increased. Up to the goods exported with price so determined were 70 %. To sum end of 1992, the three types of ventures registered in China 'up, the proportion of goods with market determined price has was 84,000, being 47,000 more than the figure at the end of risen from about 50% five years ago to about 80% now. Grain previous yeai'. is purchased and sold at the same price. More than 400 counties have liberated the control over grain transaction. With energetically carrying out family planning, the growth rate of Chinese population is under further controL The statistics of With the rapid economical growth in China, the scope and relevant agency show that up to the end of 1992, the Chinese sectors opened to outside world are significantly enlarged. At population in the main land was 1,171.71 million, of which the the same time when the coastal areas are open, the areas along urban population was 32.3 %, and the rural population was rivers and borders and provincial capitals are open( also, 67.7%.
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