Formula E Content Appealing to a Younger Audience

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Formula E Content Appealing to a Younger Audience LEONARDO DI CAPRIO Our Brand ELECTRIC STREET RACING SERIES RACING. REINVENTED REAL STREET RIVALRIES RAW ELECTRIC PERFORMANCE RENEWABLE ENERGY WITHIN REACH Brand Personality Formula E Eco-System Formula E Fans are sports enthusiasts FORMULA E TARGETS SPORTS ENTHUSIASTS WITH THE FOLLOWING MENTALITY: • When watching sports I care about all aspects of the 60+% competition, not just the results of fans are between 21 and 45 years old • I watch sports beyond the ones I play 58% Male 42% Female • I love unpredictable sports events that keep me on the edge of my seat • I watch sports that are fun, exciting, unique, and future facing • Allows me to engage digitally (e.g. mobile app) • Has the latest technology and equipment Sources: Prophet Fan Research June 2016 of Sports Enthusiasts (US, UK, China, Germany) 2018 Milestones • ABB deal announcement – first FIA • Gen 2 Car revealed • voestalpine announced as first regional Sanctioned single-seater partner, titled the voestalpine championship to have a title sponsor European races • HWA AG team announcement • First ever E-Prix in SANTIAGO • First ever E-Prix in ROME • ZURICH E-Prix: First motorsport event in the city for over 60 years • Modis announced as Official Partner • Announcement of Season 5 calendar, • Former F1 World Champion Nico opening in the city of RIYADH – the Rosberg becomes a Formula E investor Championships debut in the Middle East From ZERO to success in less than 6 years 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Formula E CEO Alejandro Agag Inaugural race held in Beijing Lead Shareholder investment Jaguar & Audi join First ever professional ABB announced as Title Battery technology will have motorsport event in Partner – an FIA advanced where drivers do not created the series sanctioned in Sept from Liberty Global and championship New York City Championship first need to switch cars in Season 5 by the FIA Discovery Communications Series expands to 12 rounds FanBoost technology Season 2 begins in 10 cities for Season 3 $1,000,000 E-Race in Las Vegas Gen2 Car revealed Mercedes-Benz introduced at CES with Formula E drivers (pictured) and Porsche joining in Season 6 and 10 pre-qualified SIM drivers SEASON 4 Teams SEASON 6 SEASON 5 Joiners Changes Seasons Complete Continents Raced Cities to Date Manufacturers Authentic Partnerships Media Partners EMEA BROADCAST IN TERRITORIES NORTH & SOUTH AMERICA ASIA & OCEANA GLOBAL VIEWERS DIGITAL ATTENDEES TV NEWS VIEWERSHIP 2018/19 Season Calendar Digital Audience OVER SEASON SEASON % % % SEASON GROWTH GROWTH Growth With Growth across all Channels VIDEO VIEWS BY SOCIAL MEDIA CHANNEL YOUTUBE INSTAGRAM FACEBOOK DISTRIBUTED CONTENT TWITTER Growth With Growth across all Channels FAN GROWTH BY SOCIAL CHANNEL 457,000 FACEBOOK YOUTUBE INSTAGRAM 293,000 TWITTER 228,000 219,000 201,000 143,000 146,000 116,000 106,000 60,000 16,000 0 0 Growth Formula E growth is primarily driven by younger audience groups Facebook Fan Growth Season 2 to Season 4 YouTube Audience Growth Season 2 to Season 4 Season 2-3 Season 4 Season 2 Season 4 YTD 8 350 7 300 6 250 5 200 4 3 150 2 100 1 50 13-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ 13-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ • Formula E content appealing to a younger audience • Over 50% growth in engagement in under 24 year olds in Facebook (as proportion of total) • 73% of Formula E fans under the age of 34 Growth TV coverage has also experienced growth of 43% growth from S3 to S4 TOTAL VIEWERS Coverage in all core markets, including 318.1 on 222.8 190.3 192.1 Beyond the Racing Playing in all of today and tomorrow’s relevant topics E-Mobility Autonomous E-Sports Fan Engagement Virtual Reality Drone Racing Music Allianz E-Village A fan zone never before seen in sport with areas dedicated to technology, innovation, exploration and providing racing related entertainment throughout the day Content Content Content EMOTION CLUB Premium Hospitality Race Suites Customising your Formula E experience Gala Dinner Social Events Our Brand FOUNDER & CEO OF FORMULA E BERLIN PARTNER SUMMIT MAY 2018 Sustainability Objectives Monitoring and measuring our event Developing a strategic community Engaging the supply chain to operations performance, as well as engagement plan to engage with effectively meet common our environmental and social impact our stakeholders and leave a sustainability goals positive legacy Sustainability Objectives Pushing transition to clean mobility thanks to EV Recognition Awards received for our efforts in sustainability are testimony to the Formula E spirit and dedication to a future of sustainable mobility Potential Partnership Pillars Impactful Branding Product Integration VIP Hosting Thought Leadership IP & Licensing Customer Incentives Ownership Platforms Philanthropic Fan Engagement Digital Content Unique Experiences CEO & Founder of Formula E.
Recommended publications
  • The Sustainable Electric Motorsport of the 21St Century
    EC8.19 October 4, 2019 To: Chair and Members of the Economic and Community Development Committee: Re: Exploring the potential opportunity of Toronto becoming a host city of Formula E: the sustainable electric motorsport of the 21st century Dear colleagues, I am writing to request that we explore the potential to bring FormulaE to the City of Toronto. Formula E was conceived in 2011 by FIA (International Automobile Federation) President and former Scuderia Ferrari General Manager Jean Todt and Spanish businessman Alejandro Agag as the world's first all-electric international car racing platform. The first race was held in Beijing's Olympic Park in 2014, and has grown into a global entertainment brand with 11 teams and 22 drivers. There are multiple major international corporate sponsors and 9 global automobile manufacturers are engaged; including Jaguar, Nissan, BMW, Audi, DS (Peugeot), and Mahindra. Formula E describes its venue metropolises as being the 'most progressive' cities in the world, and they include New York, London, Paris, Berlin, Seoul, Jakarta, Rome, and Mexico City, among others. Formula E markets itself as a cutting edge catalyst to propel the latest electric vehicle design and research work, as well as improving driving experiences for everyday car users of all classes and types, all while providing incredible entertainment. As the capital city of North America's top auto-producing region with over 2.2 million vehicles assembled in 2017, Toronto has long benefited from the economic activity, employment, and tax revenue generated by the automobile sector. Over 200 companies in southern Ontario are developing autonomous vehicle technology, with our automobile sector employing over 100,000, and generating almost 20% of manufacturing GDP.
    [Show full text]
  • FORMULA E SUSTAINABILITY REPORT Season One 2014/2015
    FORMULA E SUSTAINABILITY REPORT Season One 2014/2015 Formula E Operations Ltd 9th Floor, 3 Shortlands, Hammersmith, London, W6 8DA Formula E Sustainability Report Welcome from our CEO It is my pleasure to welcome you to our first ever Sustainability Report. This report demonstrates how sustainability is integral to our business strategy and the values of Formula E. Throughout the inaugural season we have worked hard to measure and analyse data that covers all areas of Formula E. The results from these studies and assessments have been outlined in the following report and will form a new baseline from which we will measure and report on our future performance. Formula E has many reasons to feel proud of its sustainable credentials at the end of the first season. The sustainability report aims to openly outline the fact that we are acutely aware of our environmental impacts as a company and show that we are going to lengths to ensure the reduction of our footprint where possible. As the first electric motor racing championship in the world, it can be seen that sustainability is deeply rooted in the essence of Formula E. We have a vision to speak out to the new generation of sporting fans and discover solutions for environmental issues through the fusion of technology, sustainability and innovative entertainment. We share a belief that through our collaboration with some of the world’s leading companies, in and out of motor racing, we can revolutionise sustainable mobility and change perceptions towards a better future. The report outlines our goals, mission, vision and values which brought us from the inception of Formula E to the end of the first season.
    [Show full text]
  • PRESS RELEASE the FIA, Our Management Team, Shareholders, Partners and Teams
    FE373 for immediate release: December 14, 2018 ALEJANDRO AGAG TO TRANSITION TO CHAIRMAN OF FORMULA E ‘IT IS TIME TO OPEN A NEW PHASE IN THE FASTEST-GROWING PRESS RELEASE CATEGORY IN MOTORSPORT. AS CHAIRMAN, I WILL BE BETTER PLACED TO HELP THE NEW CEO AND OUR STRONG MANAGEMENT TEAM TO CONTINUE GROWING THE SPORT THAT I BELIEVE IS THE FUTURE OF MOTOR RACING.’ Alejandro Agag Founder & newly-appointed Chairman of Formula E LONDON, UK (December 14, 2018) - As part of the continued growth of Formula E Holdings Ltd. - promoter of the ABB FIA Formula E Championship - Alejandro Agag and the board of the company have agreed that Mr. Agag should step-up from the role of CEO to become Chairman. This will allow the company to bolster the management team with a new CEO, who’ll be appointed in the coming months. Agag will continue to serve as CEO until the new person joins Formula E. With the support of the new CEO, Agag - acting as Chairman - will be able to focus on relationships with commercial partners, host cities and the FIA. Alejandro Agag, Founder & newly-appointed Chairman of Formula E, said: “It’s time to open a new phase in the world’s fastest-growing motorsport. I’m really proud of the job we’ve done, together with the FIA, our management team, shareholders, partners and teams. Formula E is in the best moment of its short history. As Chairman, I’ll be better placed to help the new CEO and our strong management team to continue growing the sport that I believe is the future of motor racing.” Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • José María Aznar López
    José María Aznar López España, Presidente del Gobierno Duración del mandato: 05 de Mayo de 1996 - de de Nacimiento: Madrid, 25 de Febrero de 1953 Partido político: PP Profesión : Inspector de hacienda ResumenLos atentados cometidos el 11 de marzo de 2004 por Al Qaeda en Madrid, tres días antes de las elecciones generales, y su fulminante impacto en la orientación del voto, con el resultado inesperado de la fuerte derrota del Partido Popular (PP) y el regreso al poder del Partido Socialista el 17 de abril, pusieron colofón a los ocho años de gobierno de José María Aznar en España. En estas dos legislaturas, el líder conservador aplicó unas profundas reformas liberales de la economía que redujeron el paro, liquidaron el déficit público y aseguraron la adopción de la moneda única europea, y combatió eficazmente al terrorismo vasco. Duro fustigador de los nacionalismos periféricos y progresivamente alejado del perfil centrista y dialogante desde que el PP ganara la mayoría absoluta en 2000 y dejara de necesitar los pactos de legislatura, en política exterior Aznar se alineó incondicionalmente con Estados Unidos a raíz del 11-S y copatrocinó la invasión de Irak, postura que concitó un vasto rechazo popular. http://www.cidob.org 1 of 91 Biografía 1. El ascenso de un militante discreto pero sin altibajos 2. Encumbrado al liderazgo del PP como sucesor de Manuel Fraga 3. La victoria electoral de 1996 y el salto a la jefatura del Gobierno 4. Programa económico liberal con la mirada puesta en el euro y la reducción del Estado 5. Continuismo sin estridencias en política exterior 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Audi in Formula E 2017/2018
    Audi MediaCenter Communications Motorsport Stefan Moser Tel: +49 841 89-35550 E-mail: [email protected] www.audi-mediacenter.com/en September 2017 MOTORSPORT INFORMATION Audi in Formula E 2017/2018 ► e-tron 2 ► Audi in Formula E 2017/2018 4 ► Interview: Head of Audi Motorsport Dieter Gass 6 ► Daniel Abt 8 ► Lucas di Grassi 11 ► Audi e-tron FE04 15 ► Technical data 17 ► Team Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler 18 ► Interview with Allan McNish 20 ► Audi Sport 22 ► ABT 23 ► Schaeffler 24 ► FIA Formula E 25 ► Regulations 27 ► 2017/2018 season 29 ► Race calendar 30 ► Statistics 42 ► Partners 43 ► Audi motorsport history 46 ► Contacts 49 Fuel consumption of the models named 50 The stated features/trim levels, data and prices refer to the model range offered in Germany, subject to changes and errors. 1/50 Audi MediaCenter e-tron Heading for the future on electric power Progress feels electric: Audi commits to electric mobility – at the end of 2017 on the race track with a factory-backed team of its own in Formula E, and from 2018 onward with the e-tron and numerous other production models on the road. Audi has a clear vision for the future. As early as by 2025, one in three Audi cars delivered is planned to be an electric vehicle. Even before this date, the portfolio of the brand with the four rings will include more than 20 electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles – spread across all segments and all models. Motorsport, once again, is assuming a pioneering role in this context. For nearly 40 years, Audi has been active in motorsport on the highest level in order to test new technologies for production.
    [Show full text]
  • ABB FIA Formula E World Championship Season 7 Press Kit — at ABB, We Have Always Taken a Sustainable Approach to Business
    — ABB FIA Formula E World Championship Season 7 Press Kit — At ABB, we have always taken a sustainable approach to business. Sustainability is a key part of our company Purpose and of the value that we create. This starts with helping our customers reduce their emissions and preserve resources, which is where we make the biggest impact, and extends to our own operations, to our partners and suppliers, and the communities we serve. Our partnership with Formula E brings together two great teams that are pushing the boundaries of technology to support the shift to e-mobility. The ABB FIA Formula E World Championship is a showcase for the world’s most advanced e-mobility technologies. This partnership, now in its fourth season, allows us to use this competitive race environment as a testbed to further develop our technology, while demonstrating the benefits of e-mobility to a global audience. Ultimately, it is helping us to drive progress towards a more sustainable future. Björn Rosengren CEO ABB — Working with COVID-19 restrictions in Season 7 Plans for the Season 7 race calendar continue to evolve amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, while the health and safety of the entire Formula E community, as well as the residents of E-Prix host cities, are of the utmost priority. As it is almost inevitable that attendance at E-Prix will remain restricted, ABB is developing virtual experiences that will allow guests and key customers to enjoy much of the race weekend experience, even if they are unable to attend in person. In addition to a dedicated microsite filled with news and content from the event and a link to view the on-track action, ABB will provide a multi-media experience focusing on the series itself and the connected topics of sustainability, mobility and energy efficiency, featuring presentations and contributions in collaboration with ABB’s partners.
    [Show full text]
  • OFFICIAL Edrive PARTNER to JAGUAR RACING
    GKN AUTOMOTIVE PRESS KIT SEASON 7 OFFICIAL eDRIVE PARTNER TO JAGUAR RACING ABB FIA FORMULA E WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP CONTENTS INTRO TO LIAM GKN AUTOMOTIVE BUTTERWORTH, CEO s a global leader in eDrive A technologies, GKN Automotive is proud of its long relationship with Jaguar Racing and Formula E. As the eDrive partner for the Jaguar Racing team we are pushing our technology to the limits on the racetrack and accelerating the development of 04 Introduction to GKN Automotive 05 Profile of the GKN Automotive innovative new technologies for Innovation Centre electric vehicles. Together we are fast tracking our eDrive capabilities to drive the electric revolution and contribute to a cleaner, more sustainable world. 07 Partnership with Jaguar Racing 08 GKN Automotive’s Motorsport Heritage 12 The ABB FIA Formula E 16 Teams and Drivers World Championship 2 gknautomotive.com gknautomotive.com 3 GKN AUTOMOTIVE HUNDREDS OF GKN AUTOMOTIVE MILLIONS OF AND THE JAGUAR CARS ARE DRIVEN RACING PARTNERSHIP GKN Automotive is the global leader in drive systems. EVERYDAY USING AT A GLANCE A global automotive technology company that pioneered 90% GKN AUTOMOTIVE electric drive systems and is now driving the future of of global vehicle manufacturers choose TECHNOLOGY GKN Automotive is a global automotive transportation. It is the trusted partner for most of the world’s GKN Automotive technology company that pioneered automotive companies, specialising in developing, building electric drive systems and is now driving and supplying market-leading driveline systems and advanced the future of transportation ePowertrain technologies. The company’s comprehensive capability OVER 1,300,000 in eDrive technology was founded from GKN Automotive’s world leading Driveline division its expertise in all-wheel drive systems demonstrates strength in depth, with an extensive portfolio GKN Automotive electric drive systems delivered The GKN Automotive Innovation Centre of products that combine value with technical expertise.
    [Show full text]
  • Electric Racing in COVID Times ABB Decoded
    — PODCAST Electric racing in COVID times ABB Decoded In episode two of ABB Decoded, we chat with the CEO of Formula E, Jamie Reigle. Ahead of Formula E’s Season 7 kick-off, in which the series becomes a world champi- onship – The ABB FIA Formula E World Championship – Reigle discusses the chal- lenges of running a global sporting franchise during a pandemic and about the im- portance of ’Racing with Purpose’. Anthony: Hello and welcome to episode two of ABB Decoded – the podcast that tries to press pause on our fast-moving world and find a breathing space to help explain some of the technological advances that are changing our daily lives. In this episode we’re going to take a look at electric motor racing – or more specifically at the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship, which will very soon be starting its seventh season. Now, less than a decade ago, even the idea of electric motorsport seemed like nothing more than a flight of fancy. Racing cars had always been about speed, noise, fire, fury, and fossil fuels, right? Well, yes. But the first Formula E first race, back in September 2014, was truly ground-breaking both for motorsport and for electric mobility because for the first time the world had an all-electric, single-seater racing championship that would be held on street tracks in city centers around the globe. Formula E’s idea of ‘racing with purpose’, by highlighting environmental concerns, caught the spirit of the age and it grew fast. By Season 4, ABB had become a blue-chip title partner, as major auto manufacturers such as Porsche, Mer- cedes, Audi, BMW, Jaguar, Mahindra, and Nissan fought on track to prove their e-mobility credentials.
    [Show full text]
  • Bio Graphy Alejandro Agag
    BIOGRAPHY ––– ALEJANDRO AGAG CEO, FORMULA E HOLDINGS Alejandro Agag is CEO of Formula E Holdings – a new FIA backed global motor racing Championing using cars powered solely by electricity set to launch in 2014. Agag is also Team Principal of Addax GP2 Team, and Non-Executive Chairman ALEJANDRO AGAG of Addax Capital LLP. Born in Madrid in 1970, Alejandro Agag enjoyed an international upbringing in Madrid, Paris and New York, gaining fluency in English, Spanish, French and Italian. From university politics to assisting Spain’s PM Agag graduated in Economics and Business Studies at Colegio Universitario de Estudios Financieros (CUNEF) in Madrid. It was here that his interest in the world of politics began. Agag initially joined the youth organization of the main center- right Spanish party Partido Popular (PP) and went on to become its Head of International Relations. Upon graduating, at the age of 23, Agag was named Deputy Secretary General of the European People’s Party (EPP) and moved to Brussels. After holding that position for two years, Alejandro returned to Spain. Following the PP’s first election victory, Agag was named personal assistant of the Prime Minister. He was only 25. BIOGRAPHY Elected as youngest Spanish Member of European Parliament (MEP) In 1999, after assisting Spain’s Prime Minister for 3 years, Agag returned to European politics, after being elected new Secretary General of the PPE. During the European elections in 1999 Agag won a seat in the European Parliament, becoming the youngest Spanish person to ever win a seat in the European Parliament at the age of 28.
    [Show full text]
  • 001 Season One | Press Pack Extreme E
    001 PRESS PACK ONE SEASON Season One | Press Pack Season One | Press Extreme E Extreme 002 Introduction What is Extreme E? Extreme E is a radical new off-road racing series, founded by the same visionary behind Formula E, which will showcase electric SUVs and futuristic technologies in some of the world’s most remote and challenging environments. This five-event global voyage will utilise its sporting platform for the purpose of promoting electrification, environment and equality. The series’ goal is to highlight the impact of climate change in some of the world’s most endangered environments, promote the adoption of electric vehicles to pave the way for a lower carbon future, and provide a world-first gender-equal motorsport platform. Season One | Press Pack Season One | Press The first sport to ever be built out of a social purpose, Extreme E aims to minimise environmental impact while maximising awareness, racing in places that have already been damaged or affected by climate change or human interference and taking fans deep into the heart of the most pressing issues facing our planet’s future. Not only that, but Extreme E is also helping the car industry to develop future-facing technology using racing as a platform for road innovation, which accelerates change ten-fold. Extreme E Extreme 003 Introduction Welcome from our CEO Welcome to Extreme E, the most ground-breaking adventure in sport, and most importantly, a sport with huge purpose. We have been planning this series for over two years, and it has already been a major journey, but now we are finally ready to go racing and start this adventure for real.
    [Show full text]
  • Ev City Casebook
    EV CITY CASEBOOK SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ELECTRIC MOBILITY TOYOTA i-DRIVE Source: Toyota Global Pressroom SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ELECTRIC MOBILITY October 2014 Copyright ©2014 Urban Foresight Limited. The Core, Science Central, Bath Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TF, United Kingdom. w: urbanforesight.org | e: [email protected] 33 37 36 45 24 07 35 23 15 01 11 20 21 46 43 05 19 41 17 48 40 27 49 28 10 30 42 47 13 18 12 03 34 GLOBAL 54 22 09 14 50 26 08 32 25 38 31 06 39 44 04 02 29 16 SHAPING THE FUTURE OF ELECTRIC MOBILITY INTRODUCTION 05 14_ SECOND LIFE FOR BATTERIES 27 28_ EVs AND TOURISM 44 42_ INNOVATIVE FINANCING 61 01_ ULTRA LOW EMISSION ZONES 11 15_ FLEET OPTIMISATION 28 29_ LEAPFROGGING FOSSIL FUELS 45 43_ BASELINE DEMAND FOR PUBLIC CHARGING 62 02_ ELECTRIC TAXIS 13 16_ ENGAGING CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE 29 30_ THE CAR BUYING EXPERIENCE 46 44_ INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 63 03_ INTEGRATED URBAN INTELLIGENCE 14 17_ SHARED MOBILITY 31 31_ EV VENDING MACHINES 47 45_ INTEROPERABILITY 64 04_ TRANSPORT POVERTY 15 18_ NEW MARKET ENTRANTS 32 32_ EV READY BUILDINGS 49 46_ INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE 65 05_ BATTERY RIGHT SIZING 16 19_ LIGHTWEIGHTING 33 33_ CITY LOGISTICS 50 47_ BUNDLED SERVICES 67 06_ ENERGY INDEPENDENCE 17 20_ RANGE EXTENDERS 34 34_ CHARGING AT WORK 51 48_ PRICING SIGNALS 68 07_ LOCAL INCENTIVES 19 21_ ELECTRIFYING HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES 35 35_ PROCUREMENT CONSORTIA 52 49_ CHANGING TRAVEL BEHAVIOURS 69 08_ RAISING AWARENESS 20 22_ COLLABORATION AND PARTNERSHIPS 37 36_ EXTREME WEATHER 53 50_ THE AIR WE BREATHE 71 09_ WIRELESS CHARGING 21 23_ EXTENDING ALL-ELECTRIC JOURNEYS 38 37_ RECOVERY OF BATTERY MATERIALS 55 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, ETC.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovation, Sustainability and Management in Motorsports the Case of Formula E
    Innovation, Sustainability and Management in Motorsports The Case of Formula E Hans Erik Næss Anne Tjønndal Innovation, Sustainability and Management in Motorsports “There’s probably no better sport than Formula E to present and study the science and practice of innovation within (motor)sport, and this book is a must read for those active within this fascinating area.” —Dr. Kristof de Mey, Sports Technology, Innovation & Business Developer at Ghent University Hans Erik Næss • Anne Tjønndal Innovation, Sustainability and Management in Motorsports The Case of Formula E Hans Erik Næss Anne Tjønndal Department of Leadership and Faculty of Social Sciences Organization Nord University Kristiania University College Bodø, Norway Oslo, Norway ISBN 978-3-030-74220-1 ISBN 978-3-030-74221-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74221-8 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
    [Show full text]