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AAP: Music

Introduction to , continued – November 27, 2017 Different styles of jazz made by different generations of musicians

New York City jazz venues Arthur’s Tavern – opened in 1937 57 Grove Street | arthurstavernnyc.com • No cover charge • Tuesday through Saturday: live jazz 7p-10pm, and R&B until 3am • Sundays and Mondays: 8p-11p, blues and R&B until 3am

Bill’s Place – opened in 2006 but in the style of the 1920s 148 West 133rd Street (between 7th Avenue and Lenox) | billsplaceharlem.com • Make a reservation before attending (the venue is small); 2 sets per night • $20 per set

Blue Note 131 West 3rd Street (Manhattan) | bluenotejazz.com/newyork • 2 sets per night (8p, 10:30p) • Bar ($20) and table ($35) seating

Dizzy’s Club Coca-Cola Jazz at Lincoln Center | jazz.org • Cover of $20-25 on weeknights and $30-45 on weekends (some shows have a student discount of $15)

Jazz Standard – established in 1999 116 East 27th Street (Manhattan) | jazzstandard.com • 2 sets per night; usually $35 per set

Mezzrow 163 West 10th Street (Manhattan) | mezzrow.com • Owned by the same people who run Smalls • Make a reservation (small venue, 35 seats) • 2 sets per night, $20 per set

Smalls – established in 1994 183 West 10th Street, basement (Manhattan) | smallslive.com • Owned by the same people who run Mezzrow • 2 or 3 sets per night (7:30p, 10:30p, 1a); 4 or 5 sets on the weekend (1p, 4p, 7:30p, 10:30p, 1a) • $20 per set, $10 for students (second set only); no reservations

Smoke Jazz & Supper Club – established in 2000 2751 Broadway (Manhattan) | smokejazz.com • Ticket prices vary according to the act ($10-40) • 3 sets per night (7p, 9p, 10:30p)

St. Mazie Bar and Supper Club AAP: Music

345 Grand Street (Brooklyn) | stmazie.com • Restaurant with live music nightly (10p-1a)

Swing 46 Jazz and Supper Club 349 West 46th Street (Manhattan) | swing46.com • Dancing, dance lessons, swing DJ, and live bands • Sunday through Thursday: $15; Friday and Saturday: $20; no reservations

Village Vanguard – opened in 1935 178 7th Avenue South (Manhattan) | villagevanguard.com • 75-minute sets, 2 per night • $33 per set + one drink minimum (student discount Sunday through Thursday $25)

Swing Musical style of the 1930s and 40s that emphasizes syncopation (notes played on weaker pulses or between beats) and is designed for dancing.

Duke Ellington (1899-1974), “It Don’t Mean a Thing If It Ain’t Got That Swing” (1931) • and Ivie Anderson (1905-49), 1932 • Duke Ellington and Ella Fitzgerald (1917-96), 1966 – recorded live at the Jazz à Juan festival in summer 1966 (Juan-les-Pins, France, is a sister city of , Louisiana)

The song has been recorded dozens of times by Ellington and others – it’s known as a jazz “standard” Washboard Rhythm Kings (active 1930-35) (1901-71) (1917-82) Nina Simone (1933-2003) Tony Bennett (b. 1926)

Other major swing musicians: Louis Armstrong (1901-71) Woody Herman (1913-87) (1904-84) Glenn Miller (1904-44) Cab Calloway (1907-84) Artie Shaw (1910-2004) (1909-86)

AAP: Music

Bebop Jazz style of the 1940s featuring fast , complex chord progressions, and instrumental virtuosity. It developed as a way for a younger group of jazz musicians to explore the possibilities of jazz beyond dance-oriented .

The Quartet, “Confirmation” (1946; recorded 1953)

Other major musicians: Art Blakey, drums (1919-90) Thelonious Monk, piano Clifford Brown, trumpet (1930-56) James Moody, tenor sax (1925-2010) Charlie Christian, electric guitar (1916- Fats Navarro, trumpet (1923-50) 42) Bud Powell, piano (1924-66) Kenny Clarke, drums (1914-85) Max Roach, drums (1924-2007) , trumpet (1917-93) , tenor sax (b. 1930) Dexter Gordon, tenor sax (1923-90) Mary Lou Williams, piano (1910-81)

Cool jazz is a style of jazz that developed after World War II (1940s-60s) and is a reaction to bebop and features relaxed tempos and features of classical music (, form). It features more subdued sounds, lighter articulations

Miles Davis (1926-91), “So What” (1959) from the album ( is playing tenor saxophone on this album)

Other important cool jazz albums: , (1957) Quartet, Time Out (1959)

Other major cool jazz musicians: Chet Baker (1929-88) Paul Desmond (1924-77) Bob Brookmeyer (1929-2011) (1927-91) Dave Brubeck (1920-2012) and the Jimmy Giuffre (1921-2008) Dave Brubeck Quartet (1951-2012) Stan Kenton (1911-79) John Coltrane (1926-67) Lee Konitz (b. 1927) AAP: Music

Warne Marsh (1927-87) Dave Pell (1925-77) (active 1952-93) (1919-78) Gerry Mulligan (1927-96) Lester Young (1909-59)

In-class guest: Izzy Gleicher, flute

Flutist Isabel Lepanto Gleicher is a compelling and versatile musician, performing internationally throughout the United States, China, Japan and Canada. The New York Times has called her “excellent”. Isabel is a core member of new music sinfonietta Ensemble Échappé, a founding member of SoundMind, and an artist member of the Annapolis Chamber Music Festival. Isabel performs regularly with new music ensembles such as Contemporaneous, Ensemble X at Cornell University, and Cantata Profana. Isabel has premiered works by John Zorn and Rex Isenberg, as well as performing the United States premiere of Beat Furrer’s Ira Arca. She has held Principal Flute positions with the Banff Festival Orchestra and the New York Symphonic Ensemble. As a soloist Isabel was the First Prize winner, as well as the winner of Best Performance of the Commissioned Piece, at the 2015 Myrna Brown Young Artist Competition in Texas. She has been a participant at the Norfolk Chamber Music Festival and the Lake George Music Festival. Feeling equally at home as an educator, Isabel is a Teaching Artist with the Bridge Arts Ensemble as well as a 2016–17 Teaching Artist Apprentice with New York Philharmonic Education. Isabel holds a Master’s degree in Flute Performance from the Yale School of Music as well as a Master’s in Contemporary Performance from Manhattan School of music, and a Bachelor’s degree in Flute Performance from SUNY Purchase Conservatory of Music.

Homework for November 29: 1. Assigned reading: William Grant Still (Forney 328-330), (Forney 333-334), Leonard Bernstein (Yudkin 241-242) 2. Writing: Compare and contrast the visits from Izzy and Hugh, their approaches to music, and their careers. What do they have in common? What is different?