Environmental Report November 2011
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Environmental Report November 2011 SES_environmentcover.indd 1 14/10/2011 11:58 CONTENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 1. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY 3 Background 3 Strategic Environmental Assessment and Sustainable Development 4 Likely Environmental Impacts of the MIR 5 NPF 2 Environmental Impacts 8 Summary of the Current State of the Environment in the SESplan Area 12 Likely Evolution of the Environment Without SESplan 16 Environmental Issues for Policy Areas 17 Monitoring 18 2. INTRODUCTION 19 Purpose of this Environmental Report 19 Key Facts about SEA 21 Timeline for MIR & SEA 22 3. PLANNING CONTEXT 23 Outline and Objectives of Strategic Development Plan 23 SEA relationship with the Strategic Development Plan 23 Relationship with other Plans, Programmes & Strategies 24 4. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT 57 Environmental baseline data 57 Environmental objectives of SEA 58 5. SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT FINDINGS FOR STRATEGIC GROWTH AREAS 61 Assessment findings 61 Summary of findings 62 Assessment of secondary, cumulative and synergistic effects 65 Actions from Assessment Findings and Environmental Report 68 6. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES FOR POLICY AREAS 71 6.1 Environmental Implications for Strategic Development Plan Policy Areas 71 6.2 Environmental Implications for Local Plan Policy Areas 72 1 6. MONITORING 75 7. NEXT STEPS 75 APPENDICES Appendix A: Baseline Report 76 Appendix B: Detailed Assessment of Strategic Growth Areas 120 Appendix C: Spatial Assessment of Strategic Growth Areas 176 2 Chapter 1: NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY This is the Non Technical Summary of the Environmental Report of the SESplan Main Issues Report. The Environmental Report and the Non Technical summary have been produced by SESplan staff in discussion with the Consultation Authorities. Background 1.1 A Development Plan Scheme has been produced by SESplan, as required under the Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006. The Scheme sets out the programme for preparing the SDP and will be updated annually. It also provides basic information on the content of the SDP itself, and its broader policy context. 1.2 The SDP will set out a long-term spatial planning strategy that broadly defines where development should be located, and how it should be delivered. The SDP will replace the three existing structure plans for the area: the Edinburgh and Lothians Structure Plan 2015, the Fife Structure Plan 2006-26 and the Scottish Borders Structure Plan 2001-18. 1.3 SDPs have an important role to play at the city region level, in terms of addressing strategic and cross boundary planning issues. They cover land use and strategic infrastructure issues that guide the future use of land. They should indicate where development, including regeneration, should happen and where it should not. There is a statutory duty on development plans to contribute to sustainable development. The Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006 requires SDPs to set out a vision for their areas, provide a spatial strategy, and to consider development alongside other issues including the principal social, economic, physical and environmental characteristics of the area, land use, population, infrastructure provision and use (including transport, communications, water and energy supplies and drainage) and any anticipated future changes to these matters. 1.4 More specifically, the SESplan SDP will: • cover an area with a population of 1.2 million and 521,000 households; • address forecast population growth; • facilitate and provide the steer for the future development and growth across the Edinburgh city region from 2012 to 2032; and • focus the development path for SE Scotland through a wide range of challenging issues including the economic downturn and climate change adaptation. 3 Strategic Environmental Assessment and Sustainable Development 1.5. The Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) aims to assist in promoting sustainable development through the integration of environmental objectives into the plan making process. Sustainable development is intended to enable a better quality of life without compromising the needs of future generations by balancing environmental, social and economic aspirations. 1.6 The Environmental Assessment (Scotland) Act 2005 provides a new framework for SEA, establishing a methodology that aims to protect the environment and increase opportunities for public participation. This includes an assessment of the environmental effects of Plans, Programmes & Strategies and ensures consultation with Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), Historic Scotland and the public. SESplan has determined that a SEA is required as an integral element of the proposed Strategic Development Plan for South East Scotland. 1.7. The 2005 Act sets out the requirements for environmental assessment in Part 1 Section 1 (2a-c) i.e.: (2) In this Act, an environmental assessment is- (a) the preparation of an environmental report; (b) the carrying out of consultations; and (c) the taking into account of the Environmental Report and the result of the consultations in decision-making. 1.8 The SDP MIR includes two key sections on strategic growth direction and strategic policy approach. The SEA has identified those environmental issues relevant to the SDP, and assessed them in terms of potential impact using key spatial data related to the environmental objectives. This highlights those key environmental issues both in relation to the SDP, but also in relation to future Local Development Plans. 4 Likely Environmental Impacts of the MIR Scale of Growth 1.9 The SDP provides the context and direction for future development in the SESplan area. Two growth scenarios are presented, ‘market recovery’ and ‘high growth’. The preferred strategy of ‘market recovery’ has less significant impacts on the SEA objectives, particularly in terms of air, climatic factors and soil. The alternative strategy demands a faster growth and could lead development away from areas that are well served in terms of sustainable transport, as well as waste and water infrastructure. Air 1.10 The SDP’s preferred strategy is not seen to have a significant negative impact on air quality. The preferred approach promotes development related to sustainable transport. Nonetheless, a rise in car usage and therefore air pollution is likely. The alternative strategy may have a more negative impact through the spread of development less well related to sustainable transport. Biodiversity, Flora and Fauna 1.11 The SDP’s preferred strategy may have a minor negative impact on biodiversity. The alternative strategy may have a potential negative impact. Specific areas of concern are the River Tweed Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and Firth of Forth SPA. In both cases mitigation measures may need to be identified through Appropriate Assessment. The SDP could have a positive impact on biodiversity through the promotion of the Central Scotland Green Network (CSGN). Climatic Factors 1.12 The SDP’s preferred strategy may have a minor negative or neutral impact on climatic factors. The preferred approach promotes climate change mitigation through promotion of sustainable transport and development out with potential flood areas and low carbon emissions through building standards and renewable energy. Adaptation measures are hard to define due to the uncertainty about the nature and scale of climate change impacts. However opportunities related to natural habitat networks (CSGN and blue networks), sustainable water and flood management (strategic flood assessment) and sustainable settlement patterns (landscape capacity work and regeneration of brownfield land) should help combat adverse climate changes. The preferred approach does include a series of commitments which may damage the environment to some degree; these include transport 5 infrastructure, committed connectivity work and committed levels of development. The alternative strategy may have a greater impact since it will require larger quantities of development land at a more unsustainable rate. Cultural Heritage 1.13 Areas with a potential negative impact on cultural heritage in the preferred strategy have been identified. Nonetheless, such areas may be addressed through sensitive siting and design. The alternative strategy has an unknown impact as land has not yet been identified. Landscape and Townscape 1.14 The SDP’s preferred strategy may have a positive or neutral impact on landscape and townscape due to the potential for regeneration of brownfield land. The alternative strategy might have a more negative impact on landscape as it would require new areas of land to be identified for development. Material Assets 1.15 The SDP’s preferred strategy is likely to have a neutral impact on material assets as development for the most part has been directed away from key mineral assets and been incorporated into the Waste Management Plans. The East Coast Corridor has been identified as a minor negative impact as Blindwells is located on an area previously used for coal extraction. The alternative strategy could have a potentially more negative impact as it would require further land for development. Population and Human Health 1.16 Population and human health refers to factors which can contribute to quality of life in SESplan residents. The SDP’s preferred strategy may have a significant positive impact on population and human health as it promotes development in areas with public transport, services and employment. The strategy also provides opportunities for affordable housing and greenspace;