Loss of status: Townson quits Advisory Council
Alter 18 Dlonths on the job, the Council's DleDlbers (all Li Council. Without more woDlen of Monica Townson, vice-president beral appointees) · gives theDl her calibre, I just don't see it of the federal Advisory Council little understanding of or syDl coming." on the Status of W ODlen and pathy for the research activities A Dlember of the Ottawa director of its research prograDl, Townson Dlanaged. Association of Women and the has left the Council. She is now In fact, a significant nuDlber of Law said that all she knew about senior econoDlir. advisor to the Council DleDlbers appear to have the Council was Townson's re Centre for the Study of Inflation little understanding of feDlinisDl. search. "Does it do anything and Productivity at the Econo For exaDlple, at least 6 of the 27 else?" ntlc Council of Canada. part-tiDle meDlbers of the Coun Under Townson's guidance, Curiously, neither Marc cil (who function rather like its the Council has produced studies Lalonde, Dlinister responsible for Board of Directors) are meDlbers ·of sex stereotyping in advertis the status of WODlen, nor Yvette of the Catholic WoDlen's League. ing, problems faced by aging Rousseau, the Council's presi This organisation's position on women, the value of the house dent, has seen fit· to Dlake any abortion is so single-Dlindedly wife's labour, and the status. of public stateDlent about the anti-choice that cabinet Dlinister immigrant women (this last due August 15 departure. Indeed, as Jeanne Sauve (herself no pro for publication in October 1978). of August 24, Townson adDlitted choicer) took the group to task It has produced critiques of that she had not even received an for risking alienating younger every federal bill affecting woDl acknowledgeDlent of her letter of women and thus losing Dlembers en from pension rights to sexual resignation. and power altogether. offenses. Townson herself The next day, Rousseau said To such women, Townson's worked on the Hutnan Rights she expected Lalonde to Dlake an obvious non-alignDlent with the Commission Equal Pay Task announceDlent in "around 15 Liberals or any other political Poree and served as the resource days" when a replaceDlent for party-as evidenced by her in person for the consultations with Townson is found. Rousseau did volveDlent with the Ottawa eDlployers. not know who that would be, WoDlen's Lobby and the rape Another Townson achieve saying,"lt's not our business. It's crisis centre-Dlust have been ment was the agreeDlent she his responsibility." threatening indeed. And the fact negotiated with the Canadian The secrecy surrounding this that the research prograDl's coDl Life Insurance Association to event is in contrast to the recent Dlentary on Bill C-51 (porno 'share funding of a project to Monica Town80D: will the Counc:D'11 reseuch p with her? public fuss Dlade about Julie graphy) is still not listed as a study the implications for the . Lor~nger's proDlotion froDl the council publication available to next 10-20 years of woDlen zens Minus. This original re complained about the lack of Office of the Co-ordinator of the the public despite its release to forming permanent attachDlents search documents for the first distribution plans and the non Status of WoDlen. For Loranger, the press last spring, indicates to the labour force. The Council tiDle the history of legalized existent publicity. Maybe so, but Lalonde held a lavish reception that there is disagreement with will use these socio-economic discrimination against Indian one recalls that the "Sharing-the attended by people working on in the Council on the policies profiles to make recoDlmenda woDlen under the Indian Act. It Power" brochure, which re status-of-woDlen issues both in governing release of research tions to the government on ~ntradicts the widely-held as flected the PR interests of the side and outside the federal documents and the degree to policies such as job splitting and sumptions that the Act reflects Council's members, was distri governDlent. which researchers' findings are sharing, work patterns affecting Indian traditions and that it is buted widely for free and at It cpqld be that officialdoDl is expected to agree with the woDlen, and requirements for designed to protect Indian land tended by a DlamDloth publicity actually relieved to see the last of opinions of the Council Dlembers. shared parenting responsibi- froDl encroachments by whites. -campaign. One wonders there Monica Townson. This- past win "The research of the Advisory . lities .. The insurance companies .fore why the d~ribution of . tel', at a Swedish eDlbassy syDl- Council is a great help to us," will use the same data to identify The report is a Dlassive indict Citizens Minus is on an "as posiuDl, her outspoken criticisDl said Kay Macpherson, president their future markets and the ment of past governments for the requested" basis. In. addition, the of Finance Minister Jean of the National Action CoDlntlt needs of clientele. This study will injustices they created through study-unlike all other Council Chretien and the Liberal govern tee on the Status of Women. be out in the spring of 1979. the iDlposition of white values on Publications-has no interior in ment's ·tacit acce}>tance -of tfie ''The foss of Monica Townson is a Friends say the work Townson native cultures. It also makes formation telling how to obtain myth that woDlen are secondary blow. Everything she has said personally found Dlost satisfying clear why the present Lt"beral additionill copies. wage-earners, raised Dlore than has been right on the button. We was the joint project with Indian government-influenced by pres Rumour hath that the .Ad one Liberal eyebrow. And it is no need more research of the qual Rights for Indian WoDlen, which sures from the National Indian visory Council is now planning'to secret that the Dledia or public ity and character that has been culminated in the publication of Brotherhood-is perpetuating cut back the research program, if relations background of many of produced during her stay at the 'Kathleen Jamieson's study, Citi- the injustices and refusing to act not phase it out altogether or at and change the law. least restrict the subjects -Btu= Such content Dlay explain why died to "safe" areas. If this the report is so hard to come by. happens, Canadian women's Dla "Everybody. who's asked for a jor source of objective, non-par copy has received one,'·' one tisan research will be completely native woman was told when she down the tubes. lSeptember 1978 La· loi 43 encore sans effet par Lucie Masson Conseil du a+.atut de la feDlDle enceinte, sans perte de benefices, done pas plus protegees qu'au plus que 12 seDlaines de presta Des conflits juridiques et ad aux congressistes de la Federa des taches differentes pour la paravant. tions. ntlnistratifs qui ne connaitront tion des femmes du Quebec periode de sa grossesse. L'ordonnance sans laquelle Ia Cette situation etant, il va sans leur denouement qu'a la fin reunies en mai dernier. En confiant la responsabilite loi 43 demeure sans effet reste dire, in~ceptahle pour le gouv octobre privent. d'ici la les Que La nouvelle ord'onnance donne de la nouvelle ordonnance a la cependant a etre connue. Des ernement du Quebec, des pour becoises des bienfaits de la aux Quebecoises l'assurance de Comntlssion salaire miniDlum, le conflits opposant le federal et le parlers s0nt presentement en nouvelle loi sur le conge de pouvoir conserver et reintegrer gouvernement du Quebec a ainsi gouvernement quebecois sur la cour$ dans le but d'en venir a une Dlaternite adoptee au Quebec en leur emploi a la suite d'un conge accelere l'adoption de la loi, mais repartition des allocations . aux entente. En attendant les Que juin dernier et des $5.8 millions de maternite aux DleDles condi prive ainsi les Quebecoises n~n nouvelles meres constituent la becoiSes font lt:s frais de ces prevus a cette fin. tions ou l'equivalent. De plus la couvertes par la loi du salaire principale raison du retard con.hits constitutionnels .. La presentation de cette loi, feDlme au travail aura une minimuDl, les plus deDlunies en apporte dans la publication de Une deuxieme raison qui qui n'est en fait qu'un aDlende grande latitude dans le choix de SODlDle, des avantages du conge I'ordonnance. empeche la presentation a court ment a la presente loi du salaire la periode de conge. Des Dlesures de Dlaternite. Le gouvernement quebecois terme de l'ordonnance c'est le ntlniDlum, avait ete annoncee par seront egalement prises pour Les travailleuses a pourboires, voudrait que les $5.8 millions desire de la Commission· du Pierre Marois, Dlinistre d'Etat au assurer la securite de l'enfant a les travailleuses domestiques et destines aux conges de Dlaternite salaire miniDlum de consulter les developpement social et Lise naitre. Ainsi dans certains cas on les femmes qui travaillent pour le viennent s'ajouter aux alloca organismes et personnes inter Payette, Dlinistre responsable du pourra assigner a la femDle compte de leurs Dlaris ne seront tions deja versees par la Comntls~ essees sur les modalites d'appli sion d'assurance-chomage por cation de la loi. Des auditions, tant ainsi de 15 a 18 le nODlbre de dont la date reste encore a semaines de conge payes. Ce deterDliner, devraient avoir lieu FLECK: strike ends pendant un des reglements de la dans les prochaines semaines. n was your right to have a union.'' Last month the Ontario Lab CAC veut que- les soDlmes est cependant trop tard pour by Marilyn Burnett The contract provides for a 20 our Relations Board decided that versees a la nouvelle Dlere par un modifier les principes de '.'lase de to 24 cents an hour increase in there was sufficient evidence for •autre que son employeur soient la nouvelle ordonnance . Striking woDlen members of the first year and 20 cents an the UAW to file charges against soustraites du montant accorde u reste aussi a determiner si la United Auto Workers voted earl hour in the second year plus .a Fleck, Grant Turner, Ontario par la CAC. En d'autres termes Commission du salaire miniDlum ier this Dlonth to accept a two safety comntlttee and other Provincial Police Constable les trois semaines de prestations SeFa egalement responsable de year contract ending a five fringe benefits. But the real Maclntrye and Liberal MPP Jack que desire verser le gouverne l'application de l'ordonnance et month strike at Fleck Manufac victory is union security through Riddel. Dlent du Quebec seraient en de son contrOle. Car, selon la loi, turing CoDlpany. the adoption of the Rand For Although UAW has decided to levees, dans les cas ou ii n'est pas un eDlployeur qui refuserait de UAW Director Bob White told mula-something that Fleck vice drop charges aghlnst Fleck and l'employeur des femmes con reintegrer. une femme dans ses the women that he didn't think president Grant Turner had Turner it is continuing to press cernees, des 15 semaines ac fonctions a la suite de son conge that the monetary gains were pledged the strikers would never charges against Riddel and cordees par la CAC. Les femmes de maternite, serait passible good "but the issue in this strike get. Maclntrye. quebeeoises ne recevraient done d'une amende. 2/UPSTREAM September 1978
HALIFAX Last year, Judy Fobin collected unemployment insurance benefits for three weeks longer than she was eligible because a computer program mer in Ottawa fed wrong information into the computer.. cbeznoas The Halifax woman was one of more than 5,000 Nova Scotians who received The Idea extra benefits becau98 the regional rate of L'ldee unemployment was incorrectly coded at "Chez nous" is a women's centre "Chez nous" est un club du more than 1 % above the national rate, club being organized for the Centre des femmes d'Ottawa mis rather than at exactly 1 % . purpose of providing a pleasant Now Fobin is one of a group of people in sur pied dans !'intention d'offrir a the Halifax-Dartmouth area involved in a space where women can meet for ses membres un endrolt joint action to appeal an order by the UIC socializing and organizing. The chaleureux ou elles peuvent se to repay the money. A clerk at the federal club will be the main money reunir, discuter et etablir des dockyards in Halifax, her job is expected generating body for the Ottawa plans d'action. Le club sera la to end in September, and her uncertain Women's Centre which, through financial situation will make it difficult to principale source de revenu du give UIC the $285 it wants. its policy committee, volunteers Centre des femmes d'Ottawa qui, She also doesn't feel she should be ahd other collectives, will continue par son comite de la politique, les accountable for an error 11he didn't make. the work that has been carried out benevoles et autres groupes, ''It wasn't my mistake. I don't think it's since its formation in 1972. poursuivra son travail comme ii fair I should be held responsible for l'accomplit depuis ses debuts en someone else's mistake," she said. Virginia Green is a mP.mber of the 1972. Services Services "Chez nous" will provide an En plus d'abriter un local ou les Halifax: environment where women can femmes pourront prendre des Unemployed fight have light lunches and beverages, repas legers et des boissons, meet other women, listen to "Chez nous" servira aussi de lieu women's music and music by de rencontre ou elles pourront payback order women, enjoy games or perhaps ecouter de la musique composee By Sue Calhoun sit quietly and read magazines or par et pour les femmes, se Halifax Coalition for Full Employment, an ones "calculated specifically to determine books from the library. Feminist distraire, ou encore, se detendre organization which represents unemploy eligibility for regionally extended bene literature will be available for sale en lisant revues et livres de la ed people in the metro area. With help fits.'' He said that under that act local and women's art will be hung and from Dalhousie Legal Aid, the group is offices "have no choice" but to ask for bibliotheque. La litterature conducting a representative appeal before repayment when claimants are overpaid, sold for a small consignment fee. feministe y sera en vente et des the UIC Board of Referees, the first step even though the mistake is UIC's. It is hoped that this part of the club oeuvres d'art produites par des of appeal under the UIC Act. ''The law is very clear. We must collect will develop into a bookstore. femmes y seront exposees et Under a representative appeal, a decis overpayments once we identify them.'' Coffee houses featuring vendues moyennant un lager tarif ion on one person's case applies to all UIC is allowed discretion as to how to musicians, poets and other artists de consignation. Nous esperons those whose names are attached to the collect the money, he said1 but not will be organized on a regular order. So far, about 20 people are involved whether. meme que ce coin de lecture se in the joint action. A section of the legislation does, ·basis. transformera en librairie. Au cafe, Green, who has been co-ordinating the however, allow UIC to write off the deb\ if The limited menu of light lunchus des artistes, musiciennes et overpayment appeals for the coalition the claimant can prove repaying it will will Include such things as cheese poetesses s'y feront entendre says most of the people are in the same cause "undue hardship," though Jennings regulierement. Fromages, pates, situation as Fobin. Many are still on UIC,· himself admit,1 that this is a nebulous and pate plates, salads, or unemployed but no longer eligible for phrase, left wide open .for. mterpretation sandwiches, p-:istries, juices, salades, sandwiches, patisseries, UIC, and just can't afford to repay the at the regional level. espresso and lJUlar coffee. Beer jus, cafe regulier et espresso money, as much in some cases as $700. . A Halifax UIC spokesperson said this and wine wil1 oe sold once a liquor seront au menu. ''These people accepted UI benefits in section of the legislation would be used good faith. Some of them even checked only if the claimant was "very old," and license is obtained Pool, chess, Des qu'un permis de vente de with local UIC offices before cashing their the overpayment "a modest amount.'' He scrabble, backgammon will be boissons alcoolisees aura ate cheques and were told it was okay. There admitted that this very seldom happens, available. obtenu, on y vendra biere et vin. was no way they could have known they and also that most people aren't aware On pourra aussi y jouer aux shouldn't be getting the money. It's not that such an option exists when they are fair now for UIC to turn around and say advised of their overpayment. billards, echecs, scrabble et 'you owe us this money.' It's just too hard Though Jennings stressed that each case backgammon. for most of them to come up with it," she will be dealt with individually, and "every Fees Frals said. conceivable step will be taken to minimize Though obviously not wanting to elab the hardships caused by having to repay ''Chez nous'' is the Ottawa "Chez nous" est en· fait le Centre orate on the case that will be presented the money," Green isn't convinced. Women's centre - a place for all des femmes d'Ottawa ... un endroit before the board in the near future, Green She says UIC has been fairly oblivious women. A sliding fee structure has pour toutes les femmes. La says the group has a very strong case. to individual situations. "UIC says it is The action has sparked a lot of media concerned that repayment won't cause been established that will allow all structure pyramidale des frais coverage both in the Halifax area and hardship, yet one man was advised in a women to become members while d'adhesion qui a ete etablie nationally, because its outcome could. letter that his benefits would be reduced encouraging the women's permet a toutes les femmes de conceivably affect not only the 15,000 by one-quarter until the money was recov comunity to support its centre. devenir membres, tout en aidant · Canadians who were overpaid because of ered. Thats a big drop in income for Although the figures in the scale la communaute des femmes a this error, but also numerous other people someone who's not making all that much who may be overpaid and then asked to in the first place.'' indicate the kind of breakdown we supporter financierement leur repay money in the future because of UIC Other people have received letters would like to see in membership centre. Si la repartition des frais errors. saying the money will be deducted from sales, it is not the intention of the d'adhesion est The mistake happened between April their benefits even though they had Ottawa Women's Centre to celle que le Centre des femmes 17 to May 13, and June 12 to September 16 already told UIC they planned to appeal stipulate what anyone will pay. d'Ottawa voudrait voir realiser, last year. Many Nova Scotians were able the payback order, she said. to collect an average of four weeks extra The initial membership drive is a nulle n'est cependant tenue de s'y benefits because the regional rate of Sue CaJ.koun is a freelance writer and a fundraising drive. Each woman conformer. Ces frais d'adhesion unemployment was incorrectly coded at regul.ar contributor to Upstream from must decide what she will pay for serviront a amasser des fonds. more than 1 O/o above the national, rather Halifax. her membership. Chaque femme doit dec;ider de la than 1 o/o exactly, as it supposedly was at somme qu'elle veut debourser the time. People in the Vancouver and Montreal WOMAN pour son adhesion. areas were also affected by the error. (collecH\le. c:arte1ons Under the UIC Act, the number of weeks for which a person can collect benefits is determined in part by the INFORMATION INFORMATION unemployment rate in her region. The figures used, however, are not those Louise 238-6706 Louise 238-6706 reported by Statistics Canada, since at Sh~!la 234:3344 Sheila 234-8344 any given time in 1977 the unemployment rate in Nove Scotia was more than 1 o/o above the national figure. Ask about an evening Demandez renseignements (Figures for the period in question, in ''Chez Nous'' pour une soiree "Chez Nous" fact, show that the national figure went Ottawa South Community Centre le 23 septembre from 7.4 to 8.7%, while the N.S. rate rose September 23 Centre Communautaire from 10.4 to 10.7%. These figures were given by the Halifax UIC office.) Ottawa Sud Ottawa UIC public affairs officer Cedric Jennings says the figures used are UPSTREAM/3 SORWUC pulls out of BC banks by Pat Daley ers Union of Canada in Septem- negotiations with British Colum- were being paid :ut to workers her, 1977. bia banks because of unpaid rent, in uncertified banks. "We sincerely hope that the Almost a year later, Morris' the inability to pay negotiators Negotiations will continue, lack of finances, ktaff and affilia warning became reality for the and a legal bill. however, at two SORWUC tion to a stronger back-up organi United Bank Workers section of But there's way" the UBW brancoos in Saskatchewan, Rutt zation will not impede your SORWUC. The union is blaming is dead, according to organizer said, and the UBW ·is "go1111> progress and that your members, many of their problems on the Sheree Butt. In an interview continue to build an organization present or in the future, will not CLC and bank attempts to stall from Vancouver, Butt said SOR- of bank workers" in British be placed at a disadvantage due ~egotiations. .WUC applied to the Canadian Columbia. SORWUC, neither did it deny to these impediments," former Jackie Ainsworth, vice-presi- Labour Relations Board for de- "When we get a few hundred the charge. Canadian Labour Congress pres dent of SORWUC Local 2, told a certification of its 24 BC bank members who are committed to In November 1977, SORWUC ident Joe Morris wrote to the news conference July 31 that the units so that workers could get organizing we can start again," Saskatchewan coordinator Jean Service, Office and Retail Work- union decided to pull out of cost-of-living increases which she said. Although workers at Burgess complained in a letter to the BC. banks will remain mem Joe ·Morris that CLC represen Ontario: bers of SORWUC, the executive tative "Ray Segwick has in has said they will not stand in the volved himself with encouraging way of any branches that decide and assisting Mr. Terry Stevens to join another union, referring of the Steelworkers to organize a Provincial organization planned to the CLC's national campaign Toronto Dominion Bank Branch to organize bank workers. in Saskatoon. He has continued by Vera Wall Conference participants were ined. Delegates resolved to main Robyn Alexander, of the CLC to support the Steelworkers' unanimous in saying that avail tain day care service primarily organizing committee for bank efforts to begin full time organiz A provincial organization is ability of quality day care is the for normal children and support workers charges that SORWUC ing in precisely the same bank necessary to work for better day right of.every family, regardl~ss the integration of handicapped did not inform its members that branches which we are working care, delegates to the first Ontar: of income and that the well-bemg children, but not at the expense it planned to apply for decerti with, and with the expressed io-wide day care conference de of children is a societal responsi of the primary service. If the fication. intention of opposing SORWUC. cided. bility. They resolve4 that day present day care dollar is expect "We have had several calls He has also attempted (unsuc The 70 day care operators, care should no longer be dealt ed to stretch to cover additional from some of the branches saying cessfully) to remove the support staff and parents attending the with as a welfare service for programmes, it can only result in they didn't know what SORWUC which the Saskatoon Labour conference sponsored by the special "disadvantaged" families. a reduction in the quality of care. was going to do," she said. Council has given us for our Ottawa-Carleton Day Care As All levels of government should Because day care is most. The battle between SORWUC organizing efforts. sociation spent August 11-13 recognize that all children are a accessible to families with in and the CLC has been going on "When we raised our objec talking about the frustrating top priority and make funding comes at or below the poverty for more than a year. While Butt tions to ·Ray Sedgwick his re relationship between providing policies reflect this priority, they line, the Day Nurseries Act says the . CLC actively cam sponse was unacceptable to us. day care services and funding said. already encourages the image of paigned against SORWUC in BC, He stated that the CLC with his them. During discussions on funding, day care as a ·service for the telling its affiliates to withhold participation intended to actively Few municipally-run day cen some issues causing problems in "disadvantaged". The conference financial support, Alexander oppose SORWUC from organiz tres were represented since their· provision of day care services resolved that there should be claims they wanted to cooperate ing, and would use whatever. probleµis are different because were isolated as: more input from the community right from the beginning. CLC means necessary to sign up bank the city picks up debts. Most Low salaries paid to non-union before any changes are made in president Dennis McDermott workers into an affiliate union." municipal centres are also union ized day care workers the Day Nurseries Act and called SORWUC's charge a "cop The response from CLC re ized, meaning workers have a High cost of day care to regulations. They also resolved out", saying, "I suppose they gional director of organization voice in issues of salaries, work families of moderate income, that daycare should no longer be need someone to blame. They are for the Prairies, E.W. Norheim ing conditions and the provision who are not eligible for dealt with as a welfare service leaving a lot of people in the said: "The actions o_f represent of quality service. subsidies for special needs families, but lurch." atives Sedgwick and Stevens The four main workshops at A general lack of licensed day that quality day care was the According to the CLC's publi were' in accord with the CLC's the ~onference dealt with quality care spaces .. . right of every family regardless cation Canadian Labour Com intentions and plans to organize of day care, funding of day care, Lack of capital funds for start of income. ment, McDermott said, "CLC bank workers into the CLC." education of day care workers, ing new centres, renovations The workshop on unionization representatives have been told SORWUC had also complained and unionization. There were to existing centres, or pur introduced the concept of union to tactfully let bank workers the previous July that the Office three other workshops running chase of major equipment izing in order to gain more deserted by the UBWU (sic) that and Technical Employees Union, at the same time on the history of The current "means test" used strength in tackling the problems there is a place for them within a CLC affiliate, was mailing day care, integration of child to establish eligibility for that day care faces in Ontario at the ranks of the CLC's United leaflets to BC banks where the ren's services and the Day Nur subsidy, this time. In Ottawa, day care Bank Workers or one of its UBW was attempting to sign up series Act, and subsidization of Delegates realized that prob workers from eight centres have affiliated unions." members. day care. Optional technical lems will continue as long as recently joined the Canadian The charges and counter "In regard to the so-called workshops on how to form city governments continue to make Union of Public Employees charges started in the summer of organizing efforts of the Office wide day care association and decisions like the provincial mor (CUPE), and are organizing to 1977 after the Canadian Labour and Professional Employees In communications were also held. atorium on day care expansion form a local. The decision to Relations Board reversed a 1959 ternational Union (OTEU parent In her introduction of the until 1979. Government spending unionize was nade in March at decision and made it possible to. union)," SORWUC national pre workshop on Quality Day Care, restraints like this were seen as the first general meeting Ottawa organize banks by branch rather sident Jean Rand wrote to Linda Archibald, member of the responsible for last year's 2.24% day care workers held to discuss than nationally. The case was Morris in October, "we think this OCDCA parents committee, out decrease in day care available to cutbacks. argued by the small, independent organization is more concerned lined how the inadequacies of Canadian children of working John Mack, a representative Canadian Union of Bank Em with undermining SORWUC's existing day care services in parents. from CUPE local 503 of the ployees in Ontario and SORWUC efforts than with organizing bank Ontario isolate the nuclear family Discussions included the an Municipal Day Care Centres, who ended up with more than workers. Since the June decision as solely responsible for children alysis that cut backs were meant Larry Katz, CUPE researcher, $20,000 in legal cost!!..In July allowing branch by branch cer and ignore the economic reality to prohibit women from partici and Florence Boswell, from the 1977, SORWUC national secre tification,' the OPEIU has applied of women needing to work, the pating in the labour force during OCDCA workers committee tary Elizabeth Godley wrote to for certification· for only two social reality QJ women's profes- times of economic recession. shared information and respond the CLC asking for financial help branches, both in BC. The only sional advancement, and freedom Melinda Feldman, president of ed to the many questions con since the decision paved the way application by a CLC affiliate of choices. "Dill' care services the OCDCA, said "the whole cerning unionization. Boswell for bank organizing. outside BC was by the United reflect governments' regard for problem is related to women and emphasized the workers' concern Over five months of corres Stee1workers of America. parents' and childrens' needs as a employm1 . " In periods of high not only .for better salaries and pondence SORWUC never re "If the OPEIU is so interested low priority," she said. Archibald unemployiuent women are seen conditions for workers, but also ceived a direct answer to their in organizing banks, why is it not emphasized the large gap be only as "secondary wage earn their strong commitment to the request from the CLC, which apglying for branches in Toronto, tween the needs and the provis ers" and are encouraged to provision of quality day care instead tried to encourage the where there is the greatest ion of services. "Only 10% of return to their traditional posit service. UBW to affiliate in order to build concentration of bank workers in children who require day care ion in t.hP. homP.. Because of the need for in Serious reservations were national strength against the all of Canada; and why is it not have it,'' she said, and only 3% of creased contact between day banks. SORWUC was willing to applying for bank branches in. the Ontario government's budget raised concerning another gov care organizations across Ontar ernment decision: that of integ affiliate but only as a national Quebec, where it already has a goes to providing day care ser io, particularly the need for union, maintaining its "ultra base in the Montreal City and vices." This prompted the com rating all children's services into increased spending and commi a Children's Services Division democratic" constitution. District Savings Bank?" ment that "there is something ment to day care services at all Robyn Alexander says it Talking about the UBW decer wrong with the whole system." (CSD) of the Ontario Ministry of levels of government, conference Community and Social Services. couldn't work because.SORWUC tifications, Robyn Alexander The conclusion to a lively participants resolved to strengh wanted to remain independent said, "It's too bad." That it is. discussion on the ideal day care All services to be incorporated, en the day care community '·with the exception of day care, and have the right to organize in SORWUC has organized a pro service was that "we can't talk through the formation of a prov any area where the majority of vince-wide leaflet blitz to explain about quality day care without are "special needs" services. The incial organization. The next question raised was whether day employees are women. Other to banlt workers exactly what talking about money." One of the provincial conference will be ' unions, such as the Canadian happened, says Sheree Butt. participants emphasized that care could influence the CSD to geared specifically to organiza become more preventative in Union of Public Employees, The small, democratic union "funding isn't a problem of avail tion and strategy on what needs which were already CLC affili committed to organizingworking 'nature or if day care for all to be done, what can be done and ability, but one of distribution children would receive lowest ates were organizing in these women and helping them speak based on priorities." She pointed priority and become lost in how to do it. areas, Alexander said. for themselves hasn't given up out that a 10"9 cutback on crisis-oriented agencies. Correspondence between yet Local l, says Butt, is still military expenditures could give The situation of inc0rporating sorwuc and the CLC also shows actively organizing restaurant all Canadian children quality day handicapped children within day that, while the CLC never ad employees, day care workers and care. care orogrunmes was also exam- mitted to actively opposing retail clerks in BC. 4/UPSTREAM September 1978 Ou en est l'affaire Dalila Maschino? par Marie-Claude Hecquet 350 km d'Alger. Et si rien ne se Republique algerienne H. Face a la reponse massive et passe elle va devoir epouser un Encore une fois, l'histoire de Rappelons d'abord les faits: En Boumedienne, ainsi qu'une peti spontanee des groupes de "fismce" qu'elle ne connait pas et Dalila, illustre d'une fai;on spec aofit 1975, Dalila, jeune Alger tion reclamant au Gouvernement femmes et autres donnant leur taculaire la negation du droit a qui elle a ete promise depuis canadien de negocier avec Alger appui et montrant leur solidarite, ienne . et son epoux Frani;ais, I'enfance. elementaire de toute femme a Denis Maschino, se refugient au pour obtenir la liberation de ii a ete cree un "Comite pour Ia Au Canada des groupes d'ac disposer d'elle-meme. La bataille Canada ou ils obtiennent le statut Dalila.· liberation de Dalila Maschino", tion en faveur de la liberation de qui sera gagnee contre le frere de d'immigrants rei;us. Dans la nuit La premiere action politique dans le but de declencher un Dalila Maschino se sont crees. Dalila, le sera au nom de toutes du 24 au 25 avril 1978, Dalila des groupes de femmes a ete la vaste mouvement de solidarite Des Iettre8 ont ete envoyee au Jes femmes opprimees d'Islam et Zeghar-Maschino est enlevee par manifestation au Carre Philipp, au niveau international qui ne Premier Ministre Pierre Eliott d'ailleurs ... son frere aine, Messaoud Zeghar, le mercredi 28 juin, qui a ras prendra fin qu'avec le retour de Trudeau et au President de la Si vous voulez participer fin aide par d'autres membres de la semble 250 personnes. Dalila Maschino, libre. ancierement au mouvement de famille. Jutte qui a ete entrepris vous Pourquoi cet enlevement? Le pouvez envoyer vos cheques ou frere de Dalila, le tout puissant mandats a l'ordre de'; Messaoud, patriarche borne et MONTREAL-On the night of and imprisonment in Algeria, Paris "Coordonnation des archaique qui a deja pris en main April 24, 1978, Dalila Zeghar Fonds pour la liberation de Dalila and demanding that the Cana Femmes Arabes." In Montreal, les destinees du reste ,de la Maschino was kidnapped in Mon a/s Denyse Therrien dian government negotiate with the campaign's organizers are famille, ne supporte pas que treal by her older brother, CP 53, Succursale 4 Algeria to obtain her release. planning further public meetings Dalila ait echappe a son emprise Messaoud Zeghar, and flown to Montreal, H3G 2K5 Organizers of the protest acti on the plight of Dalila and of et qu'elle ait pu se marier avec un her parents' home in Algeria (l'argent servira a defrayer Jes vities say they will "refuse to be other immigrant women in Que homme qui n'apas ete choisi par where she still remains, a captive depenses occasionnees par Jes silent in the face of this violent bec and Canada. A massive lui-homme qui de su,r~roit n'est of her family. The reason: Dalila act" by Delila's brother, a man frais d'avocats, correspondance, ni algerien, ni musulman. La loi demonstration is planned for telephone, etc ... ) defied her parents in 1975, who has used. his enormous September. algerienne ne reconnaissant pas marrying a man she loved, Tout groupe voulant s'impli financial resources and high Also planned is an Interna ce mariage, Dalila ayant epouse instead of the man whose mar level political connections in the quer peut deleguer· une ou des 0 tional Day of Solidarity with un non-musulman, rien n'est plus riage to her had been arranged Algerian government, to try to representantes pour adherer au facile a Messaoud Zeghar Dalila Maschino, set for the end Comite pour la liberation de by her brother without her force his sister into a marriage of October. homme tres influent en Algerie consent. against her will. Dalila Maschino en s'adressant a: et qui possede de nombreux Further information can be On June 28, women in Mont Numerous groups have al obtained by writing to the Com appuis dans Jes milieux militaires real held a demonstration in ready given support to the et gouvernementaux-que · de ite pour la Liberation de Dalila, support of Dalila's right, as a le Montreal-based "Committee for 1255 Carre Phillip, suite 401, louer un DC 8 et (ayec la gal immigrant, to remain in the Liberation of Dalila", and at complicite ou !'indifference bien Canada and, as a woman, to the August 17 "Evening of Consult-Action veillante des autorites canad direct her own life. On August Solidarity", telegrams were read Montreal, Quebec, (514) 873- 1255 Carre Phillipp iennes?) d'enlever sa soeur. II la 17, a defense committee formed from women's groups throughout 8384. Suite 401 sequestre maintenant a El on her behalf held an evening of Quebec, Canada, the US and Donations are urgently Montreal H3B 3G 1 Eulma, sur Jes hauts-plateaux, a solidarity, protesting her kidnap Europe, including one from the needed. (514) 873-8384 Solidarity theme of CLGRC conference
by Georgina Chambers the concerns of gay youth. This What was most remarkable tre now has the ominous task of not been satisfactorily resolved .. HALIFAX- In the face of grow unity grew largely out of the throughout the debate was the making this fund. · Many women left Halifax tired ing repression, lesbians and gay many discussions concerning the way in which women were able Those in favour of the resolu and angry but promising to men across Canada have been issue of 50% lesbian control in to really discuss our political dif tion based their arguments on arrive at next year's conference taking to the streets in protest CLGRC decision making. ferences without, letting them the experience of those Prairie with 50 more women each. In the against the strong anti-gay, anti Because many lesbians are divide us. Indeed, it was quite groups who had been using 50% meantime a serious evaluation of feminist attacks of the new right. prevented from attending con clear that we all agreed on what pro-rating during the past year our role within CLGRC sliould be ferences for financial and child we wanted - increased lesbian and attributed to it the increased taking place among all lesbians The past year has seen increas care reasons, a resolution was participation - and that our co-operation between lesbians across the county. Central to ed police harassment of individ passed at last year'!! conference disagreements concerned the and gay men in that region. They what we should be discussing is uals and organizations within the in Saskatoon in an attempt to way in which this could be best saw the resolution as a positive how we can best make use of gay movement --raids on Truux ensure that lesbians be heard achieved. indication to lesbians that our CLGRC in building a strong, and The Body Politic -- as well as and taken seriously. The res Some of us felt that inherent in needs and concerns, hitherto autonomous lesbian movement in the moral crusade of right wing olution called for the prorating of the 50% resolution was the ignored in the male-dominated Canada. organizations like Renaissance the votes of women delegates danger of a false sense of power movement, would be taken ser See you next year in Ottawa! International and the Right to with those of the men to give which, while perhaps allowing iously. Life anti-abortion groups. lesbians 50% of the decision gay men to not feel guilty about What effect the failure of the Georgina Chambers of Halifax, It was against this background making power. However, much their domination of the move resolution will have on the in Conference Pmnning Co-ordina that 150 lesbians and gay men to the dismay of many delegates, ment, would not guarantee ~hat volvement of women in CLGRC tor, is a member of the Interna met in Halifax from June 28-July particula1 ly those from the Prai they would take up the fight remains to be seen. What is cer tional Socialist Lesbian and Gay 3for the annual conference of the ries, a proposal for implementing against sexism both personally tain is that the issue of 50% has Group. Canadian Lesbian and GayRights this resolution was not arrived at and politically. Nor did we see Coalition, formerly the National prior to the conference in Hali 50% as a way of ensuring that Gay Rights Coalition. Building fax. Discussion and debate over more women would be present at Solidarity-The Fight Against Re the contentious issue raged on future conferences. Instead we .Women are often victims of violence. pression was the theme of the from the opening session until felt that we should look for real conference but we barely touch the final plenary where last ways to achieve this beginning Violence may come from a family member, ed on this whole area in any but a year's decision was rescinded by with a travel equalization fund an acquaintance, a stranger. piece-meal fashion. a majority, which included the which would give priority to From the opening workshop on greater number of lesbians pres lesbians and gay youth. The Any woman may find herself in this situation. CLGRC structure, divisions em· ent. Saskatoon Gay Community Cen- Who does she call? erged which caused many of us to question the purpose and func Rape Crisis tion of the Coalition and our Interval House relatiionship to it. Throughout SPECTRUM Centre A temporary residence for the conference there developed a understanding & •upporl battered women and their strong polarization: some of the counselling & information children. a monthly alternative newspaper accompaniment to police A CG-operatively run house- delegates wanted to build a .stations, hospitals. and court!\ hold, where families and staff movement based on the activity confidentiality members help with childcare, cooking. and maintenance. of local groups whose participa· alternative ideas tion in a national organization yearly subscriptions: A safe atmosphere where a forum 238-6666 woman can find emotional would increase collective actior. $3.00 - individuals support and practical help. arts and entertainment If you or your group would in areas of general concern, such $6.00 - supporting like information material or a as censorship, abortion and age access and living $10.00 - institutional public speuker, contact: 234-5181 of consent. calendar of events Rape Crisis Centrt! Other,mol"6kconservative dele P.O. Box 35, Station B Interval House Ottawa c·1 o Community Service Centre gates appeared to be immersed 238-6667 43 Eccles St., Ouawa in the bureaucracy of a male-de· fined Civil rights strategy. please make checks payable to Sometimes it seems that no one listens, Even so, ·the conference was Spectrum, 234 Dalhousie Street, Ottawa no one helps. Call us. not completely split. The real " 235-4972 solidarity of the women influenc ed the meeting in a deep way, particularly in their support of September 1978 UPSTREAM/5 Cyclo- in Montreal
when the bicycle first permitted The Montreal bicycle move Bicyclette were instrumental in feminism women to escape the smothering ment's poetic approach to politics planning and coordinating last confines of their families, to is one cause of its wide public month's surreptitious street become athletic, and to wear appeal. Their vocal hatred for the painting, carried out under the pants for the first time. internal combustion engine in all cover of darkness. When morn MONTREAL-Two women acti Today, the bicycle can give its fotms (from cars to Grey ing dawned, Montreal's down vists in Montreal's most colour women independence from in hound buses) is matched bv a town streets had miraculously ful political group, "Le Monde a creasingly costly public trans willingness to ally themselves acquired bicycle lanes: a cyclist's Bicyclette," stood trial on port and relieve them of tlie with the most marginal kinds of dream come true. Hours later . August 23 for their role in a financial burden of owning and :personal transport, from roller they were removed by the Roads peaceful demonstration last May. maintaining a car. Housewives skates to unicycles. Their most Department but the point had Part of a contingent of 40, Claire trapped without cars in isolated recent gesture of solidarity came been made ... Morissette and Franc;oise Guay suburbs can use bikes for shopp on behalf of a helter-skelter Other activities in which the were arrested and charged with ing and recreation. demonstration of "amuseurs pub women cyclists have been active "disturbing the peace" when That women are playing an liques"' -clowns, jugglers, and were the group's summer me they entered a city Metro sta active role in Quebec's radical other street performers- who chanics classes and the August tion, bikes tucked under their cyclists' groups is demonstrated were lately menaced by a City 18 women-only Full Moon Bike arms, on their way to join 150 by their presence in leadership Hall effort to make unauthorized Ride. , other cyclists at a demonstration roles. Andree Hamelin of Trois street performances illegal in the "Cyclo-feminism" is catching in Berri-Demontigny Metro ter Rivieres is a leader of "En city of Montreal. But the cyclists on. A sizeable proportion of the minal. The cyclists were demand Bicycle a Trois Rivieres" and are also train-lovers, as well as ·hundreds of adults to be seen ing the right to transport bi Sylvia Craig of Quebec City is outspoken supporters of wom cycling through Montreal's cycles in subway cars. also a well-known "velorution en's and gay liberation. streets these days are women. Morissette, 28, feminist leader ary." Women members of Le Mond a Vive la Velorution! of Le Monde a Bicyclette, and self-avowed eco-anarchist, is author of an article on "Cyclo feminism", and sees the bicycle as a tool for the liberation of women. Suffragette Susan B. Persuading Parliament Godde-. of Sport Anthony was an early cycling ( 16th Century B.C., Crete. enthusWt, back in the late 1800's ~~~~~~~~~~~~~---<
Quebec women by Marie Barte go either way, he replies. oppose PQ gov't It's a hell of a way to run a country. Notes are being scribbled, tape record Suddenly, Prime Minister Trudeau is ers are on, cameras are rolling. His home from Bonn where he discussed high patience is waning and he starts talking abortion stand finance with other world leaders; home about credibility, how important it is for from Morocco where he soaked up the government's credibility, that the by Sonch-a Corry social legislation. Shortly after its election nearly two years ago, noon-day sun all day; home from Harring people understand the cuts are real cuts QUEBEC-While ignoring the the government raised hopes ton Lake where he mulled over domestic from real programs. demands of organized women, among women and editorial writ affairs one more time. Even if there had been no new both within and without his own ers alike when it announced the Suddenly, Prime Minister Trudeau is on government programs or any new activity party, for free and legal abor exoneration of Dr. ' Henry the national CBC television network next year, costs would have risen because tions, Quebec premier Rene Morgentaler. A few days after announcing $2 billion will be sliced from of inflation (how much? Oh, about six per Levesque has further aggra that announcement, Social Af government spending. cent. Uh huh.) because of contractual vated women by recently re- fairs Minister Denis Lazure said Suddenly, his chief troubleshooter wage commitments, because of indexed sponding to a letter on the same it was his personal opinion that a Treasury Board President Robert social welfare programs, because of subject from Maurice Cardinal pre~ant women "should have Andras-is holding a news conference to increases built into formulas in federal Roy, Roman Catholic archbishop the right to decide whether or explain some details of the cuts to come provincial shared cost programs. of Quebec diocese. not she wants a child. mainly in the next fiscal year, 1979-1980. And after all, these cuts will mean the The archbishop had expressed Women were elated wnen And the next day there is a luncheon for loss of about 5,000 jobs in the 300,000- his concern that should the delegates to last fall's Parti the press corps whose members had member public service. Is that something government proceed with its Quebecois convention voted to expressed a good deal of skepticism about to scoff at? No mention that the attrition plan to increase the number of suppart a resolution to provide the figures, about the plans, about the rate among public servants is about 10 per therapeutic abortion clinics in free and legal abortions on motives behind all this. It was a skepti cent, or 30,000 job _openings each year. the province from eight to 20, the demand, but 'llmost immediately cism which had not shown up in that The 5,000 will get preference in those number of women seeking abor Levesque announced that his morning's headlines. openings. tions would increase. Levesque government was more than the Andras said he was revealing details of Progressive Conservative Leader Joe defended his plan to the arch Parti Quebecois and was not $1.5 billion in spending cuts, effective Clark calls it a public relations gesture, "a bishop, saying the hospital com bound by that resolution. between now and the end of the 1980 fiscal con game of a desparate government." Ed mittees respect both the right to Approaching the half-way year (March 31). Another $1 billion cut Broadbent, New Democratic Party leader, life and women suffering from mark in the PQ mandate, it would be coming later. This was in calls it "crisis managment of the first unwanted pregnancies. would appear that women have addition to $965 million in reductions order." Public service union leaders are up The communication drew a no cause for hope. With no more achieved through "a determined cutting in arms. protest from the Coordination progressive party to compete for exercise that began in April." The true extent and ,ac;tual value of the nationale pour l'avortement libre women's vote, it can be expected However, he admitted only $265 million cuts are obviously in question. That there et gratuit, a group that repre that the Pequistes will be appeal of that $965 million had previously been will be some victims, however, cannot be sents 28 Quebec pro-choice ing to more conservftive voters identified, leaving $700 million of the cut put in doubt. groups. In a letter to Levesque, in an effort to weaken the only possible because of cabinet approval Apparently, all universal social welfare the organization protested his support of the now very real that very day. And not all of that $700 programs except those for the aged and dialogue with the archf>ishop as threat of the Liberals under ·the million was accounted for at his news for war veterans, are being examined for well as his abortion policy. They new leadership of Claude Ryan. conference. possible savings. The whole question of said that their protests and Once more, women's needs have Anyway, he kept insisting, the end whether the government can still afford demonstrations have brought no been co-opted, this time for the result is a reduction of about half a billion universal benefits is on the minds of many response from the government, cause of Quebec nationalism. from this year's $48.8 billion budget ministers and their officials. and also noted that neither the announced several months ago. There is talk of replacing automatic archbishop's letter nor the pre Then there was another $1 billion in annual increases in family allowances with mier's made any reference to cuts (yes, it is painful, but it has to be a means test system. Unemployment women. done) from next year's budget, 1979-1980. insurance will be tightened up once again. The group pointed out that But, sir, how do we know how heavy These are two programs, which help thousands of Quebec women this $1 billion cut is when the government the neediest during the hardest times. have illegal abortions every year has never announced how much it plans to Both cuts could be popular in some and doubted that many of these spend in the next year in the first place? quarters. The people they will affect are women would be able to gain the Because I'm telling you right now that those least able to fight back. necessary approval through hos next year's spending could h~ve leaped as As the precise details are gradually pital committees. The women high as $55 billion, Andras said. Could unveiled this month and next, Canadians also objected to the premier's have. Possibly. Might have. Some . quick may find thv government has gallantly put exchange with the archbishop calculations among those conerned and the axe to spending it never planned on in because of the role the Catholic next year's budget is suddenly $52.7 the first place. Or they may find the Church is taking in organizing billion. government is patching up the mistakes of and financing anti-choice groups. Okay, one more time. Spending next reckless planning in the recent past. The Parti Quebecois govern year, after these cuts, plus future cuts, Or they may discover the government is ment's position on abortion as will total roughly $52. 7 billion, right Mr. really chopping essential services and well as on other issues concern Andras? Well, I wouldn't want to be that programs already severely stunted by ad ing women has been disappoint precise, he replies. Do you mean it could hoc restraint efforts. It isn't right wing, ing, more so perhaps because of he higher or lower? Well, it could possibly says Andras, because it isn't repressive. its otherwise 6/UPSTREAM
OTTAWA POLICE: Sex discrimination beefs heard by Pam Madsen ment agencies free to establiah sion-making. Compared to male tion should never have been On the other hand, if Colfer their own standards. They ar- officers, females were less likely accepted since she is 5'7'/"" in and Adler lose their case at this Is fear of superior force the gued that the cases at hand were to participate in strenuous physi- height. "We erred in accepting level, they have no further better part of obedience to the outside the juriSdiction of the cal activity, and took more sick her application." recourse, and a precedent would law? Human Rights Commission and time." Clarkin equated "bigness with be set which could jeopardize This was one question raised could not therefore be legally -Sichel noted that strenuous versatility," since large people future cases of a similar nature. by hearings into alleged sex ruled on by the board of inquiry. physical activity took up 1 % of are able to look out over a crowd, Although the question of discri discrimination by the Ottawa and Adler said he was rejected on patrol time, and that, in danger- direct traffic better, and "put old mination against "statistically Toronto police forces, held in the grounds that his size would ous situations, "officers come. men back into bed when they fall short ethnic groups" did not arise Toronto July 4 and 5. render him ineffectual at regular pouring in from all directions," so- out." He opposed the use of in this case, it is certainly a When Anne Colfer and Carole police duties, since his authority that there was no need to rely on martial arts for officers, since related issue, and is likely to be McAdam of Ottawa comph!ined would be continually "tested'' on the physical strength of sn ·ll they require body blows, and the basis for a case at some point about discrimination in hiring to the street, and he would "spend a officers to control such sit- ~- police officers rely on "restrain- in time. the Ontario Human Rights Com- lot of time fu · court on police tions. She also indicated that ing people." Further, based on mission a year ago, the Commis- assault charges." height seemed to make no dif- his many years of experience, he Finally, as an observer at the sion investigated and 11ecom- Don Hambling, Ottawa city ference in the performances of believed that small people would Board of Inquiry, I was "forcibly mended that former Ontario solicitor and counsel for the male and female officers, includ- be continually challenged on the struck" by the assumption under Labour Minister Bette OPD, asked Colfer what she ing male officers from "statis- street to prove th~ir physical lying so much of the testimony- Stephenson call a Board of In- found discriminatory about ques- tically short ethnic groups" and competence. that coercion is the basis for law quiry into the cases. The Board's tions such as, "Would· your women officers as short as 5'2". "We represent authority... enforcement, which leads to the decision, when it is reli::ased this husband object to you driving On the basis of her. experience, the large, dominant presence of a necessity for physical strength as fall, will have the force of law, around in a squad car with she concluded that no minimum police officer is the best deter- a primary criterion for effective subject to appeal in higher another man?" and "If you were height requirement is necessary rent to street violence ... bign~ss performance of police duties. provincial courts. pregnant and were kicked in the for effective patrol performance. inspires tranquillity in the citi- This assumption of course has Since McAdam was not avail- stomach during a violent situa- To Hambling's question con- zens," Clarkin said. direct consequences for the style able to testify in July the Board tion, might this not impair your cerning how women handle Under questioning from of policing likely to be used, ombined Colfer's case with that reproductive capacities?" themselves during "violent de- Sopinka, he stated that there without questioning if there are of Barry Adler, who had ftled a "But sir, the la\1" says I don't monstrations," she replied that was no written policy, regulation other, more effective modes ot complaint with the Commission have to do what my husband special duty volunteer officers do or by-law indicating that 5'10" is "keeping the peace," which in- against the Toronto Police De- says," Colfer replied to the first this type of work so that it is not the minimum height require- volve the defusion of potentially partment, also alleging- discri- question. To the latter, she something a regular patrol of- ment, but that it was a common violent situations rather than mination in hiring on the basis of asked, "If a male officer was fleer has to manage. understanding on the part of possible escalation through con- sex. kicked in the genitals, might it Opposing testimony on the recruiting officers that this was frontation. The assumption also Colfer's complaint was not impair his reproductive ca- issue of size and strength was so. However, since the two ignores the major role which grounded in her belief that pacities?" offered by Metro Toronto Police officers who had interviewed community service plays in the questions asked of her in two Hambling attempted to justify Chief Adamson, who expressed Colfer had been conducting re- everyday reali.ty of police WQrk, recruitment interviews inap- these and similar questions, and the belief, "based on 39 years of cruiting interviews for four years and the necessity for oth~r propriately focussed on her sex an interview with Colfer in her experience," that short men his only explanation for their characteristics than size and and marital status. The ques/ home on Easter Sunday, on the could not deal with crowd control acceptance of her application strength to undertake ;uch work tions, she said, reflected a posi- grounds that it was necessary to and that he would not rely on was, "We made a mistake."- successfully. tion on the part of the OPD that know if candidates' families sup- women officers in situations At this time, a ruling has not I left the Inquiry with the her sex and marital status were ported their career choice. where physical strength was yet been made by the chairman realization that there are deeper serious handicaps disqualifying Otherwise they might suffer necessary. However, he did say of the Board of Inquiry. It is issues to be examined than the her from consideration for the from stress and conflicts of of the 100 female officers on his expected. by the end of Septem- seemingly simple question of the·"' position. interest which would impair staff of 5400 that he had found ber and Human Rights Commis- right of women to become police Adler, on the other hand, had their ability to perform their "no difference in ability between sioner Bromley Armstrong was officers. First, to what extent do been rejected for the position of duties effectively, he said. male and female police officers," optimistic about the decision. police departments believe that regular constable with Toronto, Human Rights Commission that the women were competent, If a ruling is made in favour of fear of superior force (punish- because, at a height of five feet counsel John Sopinka introduced' qualified, accepted by the public, Colfer and/or Adler, it could ment) is the real basis in fact for six inches and a weight of 120 as an expert witness Joyce and performed the same patrol take the form of directing the obedience to the law, and act on poun!ls, he did not meet the Sichel, a PhD. in applied social functions as did the men. Toronto Police Department to that belief in carrying out their height and weight requirements psychology, specializing in the Adamson's testimony seemed allow Adler to apply again, and of work? To what extent is such of 5'8" and 160 lb. set for a male criminal justice system, and to indicate clearly the beU.ef that directing the Ottawa Depart- fear a necessary basis for ensur- officer. However, since the min- author of a US Department of size is directly equated- with ment to offer Colfer a position ing obedience? What alternative imum height and weight require- Justice study titled Women on strength, and that people with and/or pay her compensation for bases does the law enforcement ment for a female officer with the Patrol. these charcteristics are best income loss she sus- system have available to culti- TPD was set at 5'4" and 110 lb., "In general, male and female suited for police work, assuming tained over the past year. Either vate "respect for the law," to he believed that he was being officers performed similarly," that physical coercion, or its of these rulings could have the what extent does it currently use discriminated· against on the Sichel's study said. "They used threat, is (must be?) the basis of effect of forcing the departments them, and with whom? basis of his sex. the same techniques to gain and reliance for maintaining the law. to modify their recruiting poll- If women do begin to enter Both in their opening and keep c;ontrol and were equally Staff Superintendent Clarkin cies. police work in larger numbers, closing statements, the legal unlikely to use force or to display of the Ottawa Police Department In the event of a decision in will their concept and practice of counsel for the two police depart- a weapon. next took the stand to give favour of Colfer and Adler, the law enforcement differ from ments relied heavily ·on the "However, small differences in testimony in the Colfer case, police departments have the those currently in existence? If argument that it is within the performance were observeJ. although he was on annual leave option Of appealing the ruling to SO, how, and what might be the rights of municipal Boards of Female officers were judged by at the time of her application and the provincial court of appeal. changes made in the style of Police Comissioners to set re- civilians to be more competent, interviews and had no direct They would be highly likely to policing and the values underly- quirements and qualifications for pleasant and respectful than contact with her. take this action, since they ing that style? If not, what,are officers as they see fit. The their male counterparts, but As the recruiting supervisor, judged the Board of Inquiry, and some of the implications? I don't provincial Police Act of 1974 were observed to be slightly less he stated at the outset that the the possibility ol such a rUling as know if you caught the picture of eliminated provincial height and likely to engage in control-seek- height requirement for all ap- serious invasions of their juris- the women police officers in riot weight standards for officers, ing behavior, and less apt to plicants to the OPD was and is diction, and they could not afford gear during the Fleck strike. I .;.l:.:e:.av..:in.:.::g...:.:.m.:.:u::.ru:.:.·c_ip::...al__ 1a_w_e_n_f_o_rc_e_- __asse.;.;.:.;:.:.:.rt;..t;.;h,;.;e.;;;m;.;se:.:.:.lv..:e..:s_in_:p_a_tr_o_.l_d_ec....;.,i- __5;;;..'.;.10;;;..'..:.',..:an=d;.....;;;th;;.;a;;.:t_C.;.o;;.;lf;;;.e;;..;;r..:'s;;...;;;a....,;;,;li;;;.'c;;;;a;..---,·=t~o~all~ow~i=t=t=o~f=o=u=n=c::h=all=e=n~g~ed~.~==d=id=.=I=d=id=n='=t=lik=e=w=h=a=t=I~sa=w=.~= THE OTHER HALF: SHIRLEY E. GREENBERG A SERIES OF 12 POSTERS ON THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN CANADIAN HISTORY WISHES TD ANNOUNCE
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Posters Are $3.00 plus tax CATHERINE D. AITKEN
FEMINIST PUllLICA TIONS OF OTTAWA SHIRLEY E. GRE:ENBERGi CATHERINE O. AITr IO/UPSTREAM September 1978 EDITORIAL The issue in the Divisional Court local clubs. of the Ontario Supreme Court's Unless such a policy is institut decision to reverse the Ontario ed, or a policy which insists that Human Rights Commission's find girls and women's sport-governing ings in favor of girls playing bodies offers as wide-ranging a hockey with boys is not the end to program as their male counter co-ed teams. parts, we will not see co-ed No-one, not the female hockey teams. player nor sport enthusiasts, More inportantly, we will see wants to see sport become co,-ed. women athletes restricted not only If it did, the physical and physio by natural physiological limita logical strength edge possessed tions, but also by irreversible gaps by men over women from the in development. onset of adolescence would spell As long as this continues, we as the end of competitive opportun women will never do our best, and ities for women. will not be permitted to determine And it is competitive opportunity just what our best is. ,, that is the issue. /..OOl(S L.11(, ne .J by Shirley Greenberg Apprently not, at least for divorce, well a8 the right to support (however, affect the situation seriously. The court at because the. direction of reform is to support can be arranged at the time of the time of divorce may review the Just as marriage is our society's way to shorten the waiting period required for divorce and she can be protected then). situation if a convincing argument is officially approve the coupling of a woman divorce and simplify .the procedures (thus Until divorce, the husband is still immune presented that supports a review. with a man, so is divorce the official lowering the cost of divorce proceedings). from a charge of rape by his wife. Recommendations for Change sanction of unco11pling. When you marry .Under former Justice Minister Basford, There are income tax consequences and you are not simply linking up your life the department of justice was ready to problems of inheritance if a married The Royal Commission on the Status of with that of your man, you also link _up recommend a six-month waiting period couple do not alter their legal· status, but Women recommended that the waiting with society. In the past it used to mean instead of the present. requirement of live as though they were divorced, period for divorce be shortened to one opting into a package deal wtih )'eady three years. especially if the spouses form liaisons with year. Apparently the justice department made roles and ways of relating, but law other persons. got Cabinet approval for a shortened Grounds for Divorce waiting period of six months. In some reforms and contemporary mores have cut Do You Need a Lawyer? into that deeply Two sections of the federal Divorce Act countries, there is no waiting period at all. A problem has been that no attention is deal with grounds for divorce: Section 3 Some people have obtained a divorce One problem with wiping out the waiting paid to the legal consequences of sets out the "misconduct" or "fault" without benefit of legal help, and it can be period is that this removes a bargaining marriage, largely because of the romantic grounds, seven in all, which include done without too much difficulty if there lever for a dependent wife, but she haze and legal structures that ·have cruelty and adultery as well as rape, are no complications such as children, wouldn't be at a disadvantage if provincial negative consequences for women. And no homosexual act, sodomy or bestiality. money or property and if both spouses law reform provided for adequate proper one stands over you forcingyaµ to assess Section 4 contains the "marriage break cooperate and the divorce is uncontested. ty-sharing, as in Ontario, and support, and observe the legal pattern in your daily down" grounds, permitting divorce on But if there is a complication, or proper_ty Simplification of procedures would life. But just wait until a crisis, and you proof of marriage breakdown (no chance or money to be divided, it is unwise to mean .that divorce would no longer be quickly find out that autonomy has its for reconciliation) plus one of the required proceed without professional advice. To heard in open, formal court, but could limits in something so important to society conditions which include three years of do your own research into the problem occur in the judge's chambers. The as marriage. But things are changing. living separate and apart (the most also usually requires some help from a paperwork, we hope, would also be The last big change in divorce law common ground), disappearance; convic professionally trained person. simplified. ' occurred in 1968 when the grounds for tion of a crime, addiction to alcohol or The same problems require settling at At this time delays are created and divorce were expanded from adultery to drugs, non-consummation, each of which divorce as at separation: custody and costs escalate because one party can include cruelty and marriage breakdown. are defined in detail in the Divorce Act. maintenance of children, maintenance of a withhold cooperation and contest a di To put this change in perspective., it helps spouse and division of property or vorce, and in the process quite a few Why Get a Divorce? to realize that until 1930- no divorce at all compensation (although provincial law obstacles arise including failure to appear was available in Ontario and several other The primary reason for a divorce is to· applies to property division), settlement when so required. With every delay or provinces except by private Act of put an end to the marriage relationship, of .debts and liabilities, consequences for obstacle, costs increase. Parliament. Marriage traditionally has once and for' all, especially the emotional income tax purposes and inheritance, etc. Helping Change Along been viewed as a life-long arrangement. ties which often linger after the break If the spouses have a separation Now the trend is to recognize that a law down in fact. agreement, it may be incorporated into If. you believe change should have binding people together against their will For a wife, the disadvantages of ending the divorce decree unless there is some priority, write to the Minister of Justice inspires only disrespect as well as promot her legal status iii marriage is that she objection made. But divorce could also be and record your opinion. For background ing liaisons which offend such a law. But loses certain benefits, such as social a time to re-assess the arrangements information, get copies of the working has the pendulum swung too far in the security and survivor's benefits under an made at the time of separation, especially papers prepared by the federal Law direction of permissiveness? annuity or pension, if there are any, as if some events were unanticipated and Reform Commission. Wome~ Helping We've taken the first step UPSTREAM has begun the long process of becomino a a national newsmagazlne. We are now distributed In si:x women centres from Halifax to Vancouver. We have had a few offers from women across the country to write or be contact people for advertising and distribution-bu; we still need help.If UPSTREAM Is to be truly representative We're in the dog days. It's hot. And fun. The plot? Well, it's about this Caspar of all the women In Canada we need input from every area, we're in the mood for sleazy gossip and Milquetoast of a guy and how he's falsely however 1arge or small. nasty-minded pettiness. So here goes. charged with rape and how, before he's The ST (secretarial) contract was found innocent, all the women back in his recently signed in the federal govern office fall madly in love with him as a Will vou participate? ment. The salary increase was 6% or $600, result of this display of sexual prowess. whichever was higher. Thus, the highest Ha bloody ha. A male listener took possible increment in dollars (for the exception to this and phoned Harris We need women to make initial contacts with potential highest paid ST's) was $914, and in up-while he was on the air. He chastized distributors and,or advertisers. percentage points, 8. 7 (for the lowest paid Harris for not criticizing the play's sexism We need women to write: news, arts, features, sports, ST's). With one exception. The COR and its reinforcement of the whole sick columns. (court reporter) sub-group-already high stereotype of women secretly wanting to We need women to promote UPSTREAM by putting up est paid within the ST category by about be the victims of rape and violence. posters and selling subscriptions. $3000-got a flat annual increase of $1265. "You're right," says Harris, "I should have For the highest paid COR's, that's an seen that" and apologizes.'Bravo. additional 7%; for the lowest, a whopping 11 %. No prizes, then, for guessing which Is there a branch of the MCC (Metropol Now it's up to you. ST sub-group is also the only one in which itan Community Church) in your neigh most of the members are men. bourhood? The church, which brings the The Associated Press wire service was word of god to gays (well, 48% anyway), responsible for reporting that the assassin resigned from Ottawa's Coalition against of former Italian premier, Aldo Moro, was Sexism and Sexual Repression over the "possibly a woman." Why? Well isn't· it Coalition's pro-choice stand on abortion._ obvious-the scattered pattern- of the Intrigued by the information in a Contact us: bullets entering Moro's body indicated feminist book on corporate politicking UPSTREAM National Project "they were fired by someone with an showing that in offices, corner accommo 207-227 Laurier Ave. West unsteady hand." dation is held by the most powerful and Ottawa, Ont. An upbeat story.\ The Ottawa Citizen that as you progress inwards, the power K1 P 5J7 was recently taken to task for referring to steadily decreases, an Ottawa articling (613) 235-2485 an l8-year-0ld male as a man when, in the student graphed out her own law firm. same article, 18 and 20-year-old females Worked perfectly-even including the fact were called girls. Wh)"'ftid the paper do it? that in the weakest of the weak offices sat "Ignorance," replied the editor. the firm's only female partner. Another upbeat story. CBC recently And to end on an upbeat story. What gave a rave review to a play called "Big notorious Ottawa right-to-life lawyer and Bad Mouse." The reporter, Robert Harris, failed Tory candidate was recently denied said it was a real pl~asure to see a comedy membership in a local tennis club for that didn't trade on racism or vulgarity for racism and sexism? Ah, that 'respect for its humour and that was just good clean life'! September 1978 UPSTREAM/13 FEMINIST CONNECT IQ._N_S_c_o_u_N_s_E_LL_l_NG_F_o_R_C_H_A_N_G_E ______, by Helen Levine have not! Patriarchy teaches us tnis meeting impossible expectations in a grasp of woman-haff'ng. How it works, ''AU history attests that man has subju woman-hating. male-defined world. who it works for, how it invades our lives gated woman to his will, used her as a It may be that a harsh evaluation of Because it was culturally taboo to share directly and indirectly, and how to fight means to promote his selfish gratificati.on, one's mother gives women a sense of false private fear and pain-except with ·"au back. to minister to his sensual pleasures, to be strength, superiority and purpose. God thoritative" male therapists-and because I think that a deeper understanding of instrumental in promoting his comfort: knows women hunger for ego building in a we secretly feared exposing our own misogyny might help us turn towards and but never has he desired to elevate her to sexist society that routinely puts us down. "inadequacy", women had few ways of learn from other women's lives. It might that rank she was created to fiJJ,. He has But what else makes it so damnably knowing how epidemic our condition was. encourage us to validate, respect, and done all he could to debase and enslave difficult for us to learn about life's With the coming of the current women's understand both the richness and the pain her mind: and now looks triumphantly on problems from other women and how to movement, a new and exciting link was of any woman's existence, how it has been the ruin he has wrought, and says the tackle them? forged between personal pain and political forged, and under what conditions. being he has thus deeply injured is his My "click" suggests that many of us oppression. It wasn't just a fiJ.ncy theory. I phoned my friend after writing this) inferior . .. But I ask no favors for my don't grasp, to begin with, how central That link and the new sense of shared, wondering what her reactions might be. sex . .. all I ask of our brethern is that they and devastating misogyny is. in our daily open struggle that came with it meant a She said, "I'm not sure I really will take their feet from off our necks and individual lives, and relationships. And great deal to women who had previously understand what misogyny is. Or what it permit us to stand upright on that ground how woman-hating literally keeps us from felt terribly alone and vulnerable. does. I agree that women have low status, which God designed us to occupy [Sarah accumulating valuable understanding a There was a marked and hopeful change are considered inferior. But I find it hard Grimke, 1838)." bout ourselves and acting upon it. in consciousness and a new refusal to to jump from that statement to thinking of I had a "click" on my way to work In this society, women are seen, by blame women for their unhappiness. From the women I know and their relationships recently. I relish those clicks, moments women and men alike, to be inferior the Speak Bitterness campaigns in China with men in relation to woman-hating. when the jumble of experience and ideas persons of limited significance. It is men to consciousness raising in North Ameri Maybe I still hold on to a lot of illusions comes clear in a new way. who are supposedly competent to think, to ca, the remarkable courage and agony and about love.'' This one came out of a discussion with a reason and to teach others about the blighted potential of women's lives began That was helpful. Maybe it's the word young friend. It was about her compli world. to emerge. There was a veritable outpour "hating" that scares and confuses us, or cated relationship with a man. She was Our own experiences, as we describe ing and sharing of women's experiences. the feeling that we somehow must choose telling me how, despite her feminist and define them, are thus essentially . The political implications of that experi between love and hate. Not so at all! Love consciousness, she has difficulty confront downgraded and held in contempt, if not ence, its common base, came clear. and hate and everything between in the ing him, taking a hard line when rendered invisible. It becomes very hard Women ot the late 60's and early 70's spectrum of human emotion is just necessary, maintaining control over her to know or to assert the meaning of those hoped that once this Pandora's Box had that-human. And women have the right own space. experiences. In effect, girls and women been opened, there would be no turning to that spectrum and must reclaim it A pretty common dilemna, one with no are strategically prevented from learning back. Younger women would know the aggressively. easy answers, but significant as women the truth, the reality, from others who reality of women's lives as none had Women have been systematically trained struggle up from under. have been "there" before. known it before. They would perceive to feel guilty and blameworthy about the I wondered why this friend was having Women in feminist counselling fre their existence differently. There would intese emotions we feel, other than loving an unusually hard time asserting herself. quently tell me they feel terribly "para be no going home again. and giving. My "click" came from making feminist noid". Perhaps we nE!ed to be even more Yet many women seem to still hold on, But for oppressed groups everwhere, connections between misogyny (hatred of, "paranoid" about our experience. In fact, almost to the breaking point, to fantasy the key to dignity, energy and self-esteem contempt for women) and how we seem the best definition of paranoia is "an acute and fairy tales and dreams of love. is anger which propels us to join together not to learn enough from the bitter and state of awareness'', and it surely applies Marriage and carriage still hold sway over in acting to change our lives, (see Fanon, painful experiences of other women, past to women. many women's lives. Child care generally Wretched of the Earth). At one time, women's real lives in the remains a primary female responsibility. and present. For me, it does not mean that I cannot Especially counterproductive is our doublt ghetto of home and workplace were And some well-seasoned women close to kept under wraps. The myths of joyous or part of the women's movement even have a caring relationship with a man. For relative inability to grasp the implications others, it does. There are no neat answers of our mothers' l~fe experience. The vast contentment in family self-sacrifice a tually retreat to subordinate financial and bounded. My generation of the 40's and emotional status within the nuclear fa for any of us and life is a maze of majority of women, myself included, contradictions to be confronted and acted decide early on that we must be totally the 50's followed the rule of privatizing mily. and individualizing our unhappy personal This is not to despair of change. It is to upon. different from our mothers; that they Talking about learning from other have failed in life due to warped personal experiences. confront the ongoing reality and then fight Taught that we were makers of our own to turn it around. Getting back to my women-how come it took so many years ities and I or other undesireable charac of living before I even knew who Sarah teristics; that we will succeed where they history, we blamed ourselves and were "click", perhaps one missing link in unremittingly blamed by others for not women's consciousness is a more profound Grimke was? Youth: renewed interest in feminism by Julie McCoy Another area of uncertainty is the job subsidies towards programs in the arts than having a dead-end typist job-like Young people today have grown up with market. Kids bitten by the shortage of (already sadly in need of help); Canadian having a job, period. women's liberation ever since its stormy jobs, the slipping economy and fluctuating periodicals are constantly dying for lack of It doesn~t mean, though, that the future adolescence in the late 60's. In more quality in education are learning that funds, putting established journalists out of feminism is dim. Far from it. The new equality doesn't exist for the unskilled of work and making things even harder cynicism may tear hopes but it does not re~ent years, equal pay bills and equal student. It isn't just the high school rights lobbies, notably the push for for those fresh out of journalism school; all allow illusions to exist, either. TV is ratification of the ERA in the United students who are channeled into fast-food of Canada's medical schools, except the claimed to influence our thinking, but I States, have renewed interest in feminism waitress or typing positions (girls) or University of British Columbia, are slated don't know anyone who takes its frivolous among the kids in my age group (I am 17) menial work (boys); a few days ago I met a to cut down the number of places open for views of women seriously. As one friend young woman who was finishing her where before their attitude was blase. Year 1 students (despite the flow of complained, "'Happy Day's' idea of femin master's in biochemistry. She was work established physicians to the United ism is kicking up a fuss if your husband I've spoken to a lot of people my age ing as a clerk-typist, and the only reason about women's rights, and so far the States). demands po~ ~oast and you spent all day consensus is unanimous on several issues: she had even that job was because she was All this, of course, is familiar to anyone lovingly preparing a chicken casserole." bilingual. Hers is a typical case. equal pay, equal job opportunities, and who reads a newspaper, but the point is The medium gave us "M* A *S*H*'', a Thus, students are beginning to study that it shapes our attitudes. A girl who is moving and funny show that portrays men usually-equality in social situations like in fields they would normally never asking for a date are desireable, in striving for equality at work will often and women in a realistic, human way, and consider, searching for job security. For become bitter when faced with both a then comes up with "Black Sheep Squad principle at' least. On the related issues of some, it means brushing up on typing lesbianism, abortion, and women's place in slumping job market and the subtler ron, another war show, but one that shows speed and dustipg off the Grade 10 religious administration·, they are severly forms of job discrimination. Boys, pressed the men flying out and killing Japanese Speedwriting textbook. In the process, divided, as is the case with self-declared to analyse the situation, may agree that with bloodthirsty enthusiasm, with the many bright and creative minds are being women have it bad but that men don't women :waiting at home as dessert. Even feminists. There is, however, a trend wasted. towards anti-homosexuality, which in have it much better, either, and there are shows which revolve around women aren't some people is horrifyingly intense. The government is cutting down on its many things more worth worrying about much better. Pepper Anderson of "Police One 18-year-old woman I know favours woman" may be a sergeant, but its her ostracism of all homosexuals, specifically, Features colleagues who are always rescuing her to colonize them in some remote valley on Upstream needs Sports from an attacking criminal, and not vice the West Coast and then drop a bomb on versa. TV is not as liberated as it thinks it them. But this same girl also once Advertising is, and we know it, Are we expected to admitted that she was scared by the way co-ordinators for: Dlstrl>utlon believe these caricatures? she was always attracted to boys until The bottom line is, feminism is not as they began to like her in return. Then, she We also need writers, photographers, artists, outspoken as it was a few years ago, but it inevitably lost interest. She, like most office staffers, women to help wi-th layout, is here. There are a hand(ul of boys in teenagers, is uncertain and ambivalent malling, distribution, publicity and fundralslng. typing class and many girls in drafting. A about how to deal with sexual attraction. boy may open a door for me, but I always Maybe all this is because we're at the reciprocate by opening it for him next threshold of sexual maturity-a place If you can donate your time or your skills, or time. The ones in English class who are where, formerly, there were role models would to acquire new skills, meet women, work raving about Dylan Thomas' poetry are to help us through. Now, there are no in a feminist environment, call us, drop by the male. And when I see a one-year-old boy longer any rigid models to live up to. office, come to a meeting. with a Raggedy Ann doll and a small girl Certainly attitudes can be as unpredict playing with a toy motorcycle, I think that able now as they were stable when we equality of the sexes is within our grasp at were young. 232-0313 207-227 Laurler Ave. West last. 14 IUPSTREAM ber 1918 SPORTS Orienteering: the democratic sport for everyone by Ravi Ecbenberg ·maintains, orienteering has re outdoors, and get you active with mained a democratic sport. Known as "cunning running" little need for equipment or Cpming to North America in some parts of the world, special grounds." from Sweden, where orienteer orienteering seems to be the Other than a car to get to the ing has surpassed cross-country sport for those of over 40, with unsettled areas where orienteer skiing in popularity, the sport cbildren, and/or with more ing meets are always held, no emphasizes involvement, from brains than brawn or athletic other equipment is required. An very young to quite old. athletic ability, while essential in ability. Kirk explained that in Europe, According to the executive a champion, is not always the director of the Canadian Orien many former track athletes have deciding factor in an orienteering teering Federation, Colin Kirk, given up track for the orienteer victory. orienteering is a sport for all ,of ing course. Most famous among these is Roger Bannister, the those of us who felt we would "It's a classic toroise and hare never find a sport we could man who broke the.four-minute situation," Kirk said. He went on mile. Bannister has been quoted enjoy. to explain that all the speed in as saying if he had discovered the world is wasted if you have Best described as a car rally oriimteering earlier in his life, he opted for the wrong route in Without the car, orienteering, never would have broken the completing the course. "The per strictly defined, is getting from record. son walking the entire course point A to point B using only a Orienteering is also a popular could beat the fastest runner if compass and a map. The route summer sport for cross-country better decisions were made," you choose is ~ntirely up to you, skiers, Kirk reports, as almost Kirk added. although in competition you three-quarters of orienteers in Because decisions must be would opt for the route you Canada are also cross-country made under pressure in the more would believe to be the shortest skiers. advanced levels of competition, and safest, as the first one to get In Norway, home of some of the sport is used in training by from A to B, touching several the world's best orienteers, the the military in many countries. j designated points along the way' national orienteering team con Orienteering is said to simulate wins an orienteering meet. sists almost entirely of the war in terms of precision and However, Kirk emphasizes national ski team. Kirk explains quick decision-making, Kirk ex that competition is only one this affinity for the sport by plained. In fact, world military aspect of orienteering. Unlike skiers in terms of wha~ it has to championships in orienteering a.tge, C.Cnn&• ...... , d ph rW,, e.r moat competitive sports, Kirk offer: "Both sports get you are held each year. reatly competing in world cham pion11hip in Norway. World championships for non- tion continues up to the national military competitors are held championship level. every two years, with one going The schedule for the upcoming on now in Norway. Canada's national champions~ips, to be team includes an Ottawa woman, held near Guelph, see sport Megan Peircy, and Montreal- calendar, next page, includes based Susan Budge. competition for novices, and even, There .is some speculation a- for wayfarers-groups of novices' bout the world's women's cham- who compete together to gain pionships because the last two famil~arity ~ith .ma~-reading .. world championships were taken Onenteermg is still a ;~Iatlv~- by women in their third month of ly new sport, but gammg m pregnancy. popularity a~l the . time The This has led to some interna- Canadian Or1enteermg Federa- tional research on whether preg- tion hosted an international meet nant women, in the early part of at the time of the Montreal their terms, might not have a Olympics, expecting a couple of natural advantage because of hundred competitors from increased blood supply and among people visiting for the therefore better oxygen uptake. Olympics. There were, in fact, more than one thousand partici Whatever the reason, these pants. champions would have to be The Ontario and Quebec Or good. ienteering Federations last The championship-level month split hosting duties for an courses are 7 miles for women international meet, with three and 10 for men, as the crow flies. days in each province. Betwen Given that the direct course six and seven hundred partici would take competitors over pants showed up, almost 300 of cliffs and through lakes, the them from Sweden. actual course, while depending And the sport is due for even on decisions made by competi more exposure, as the Interna tors, would be almost half that tional Olympic Committee recen distance again. World winning tly announced orienteering times for both men and women would become an Olympic event. are betwee.n 75 and 90 minutes It was too late to make the for the course. Moscow games in 1980, but will Canadians usqally do not fare probably be included in the 1984 too well in these competitions, summer games, scheduled to Kirk explained, for a couple of take place in Los Angeles. reasons. First, Kirk said, the Kirk expressed some doubts Scandinavians train for this sport about is spectator appeal, since from a very early age, by there is no set course and most of running in the streets while the action takes place in secluded map-reading so that they will be parts of the woods. But then he able to figure their course with mentioned the Swedish national out stopping. Second, the sport is meet held recently, a relay so much better developed in lasting through the night. This Scandinavian that maps they use meet received live television in world competition are much coverage in Sweden, so there more detailed than those used must be something to see. even in national championships Anyone interested in this here. sport is invited to attend one of Canadian orienteers headed to the local meets coming up. All Norway early, partly to practise are listed in the Sports Calendar map-reading. on the next page. Victory at the world level, And Colin Kirk assures you, though, is probably less impor you won't be in over your head. tant in orienteering than in any In this sport, even the old, the other sport. The emphasis on weary, and the unskilled can democracy and total participa- enjoy. September 1978 Breaking the ice:• Ottawa's first law firm by Jean Frances the women who were already feminist made it. I want to telescope my learning approach. oriented were able to work with other years, to reduce 20 years to five! Cathy Aitken and Shirley Greenberg are women. The others, when they were What aspects of law do you deal with in your practice? two lawyers who have a private practice forced to make a choice of being woman You look In the Yellow Pages for a in Ottawa. They feel that they as women identified or man-identified, chose men. women's law firm - and there aren't Aitken: Right now its family law, real can offer an unique service to their clients The men, too, were upset by the fact that any. I think we have a responsibility to estate, wills and estates. I deal with men because, whi/,e "the law is the same for women were meeting together. It seemed provide what the community lacks. and women, though mostly with women everyone," they can approach the prob to me that they felt threatened by it, and where family law is concerned. I don't lems with a women's point of view. they certainly, didn't understand it. So here you are; you share an office with much like litigation-that's arguing in What pushed you in this direction? What In this city there are about 140 women Cathy and you said that you might like court-I'm trying to build up a solicitor's lawyers. Not all of them have been called made you decide to become a lawyer? another woman still in the office. Why a practice. to the Bar because that isn't necessary in women's law firm? Aitken: I had been doing graduate work in order to practice law with the federal Greenberg: I really look forward to the sociology. I entered that field because I government. But of the 140, most of them Greenberg: Well, you look in the Yellow duelling that court involves. It is an felt a need to understand and ,work with work for the government. Very few are in Pages for a women's law firm and there adversary system. I like to fight. It's a human relationships. But I soon disco private practice of law. Of course, the aren't any. I think we nave a responsibi challenge. My practice so far is almost vered tifat all you did was sit around and private practice of law is dominated by lity to provide what the community lacks. entirely family law. I'd like more variety, discuss theory. I needed to do something commercial interests, and that is where Although we are the first women's law and it will come, I know, in time. But if more specific, more service-oriented, so I you do not find women. And where women firm, I'd like to see more of them in this you're going to be good and give your chose law. lawyers are hired by law firms, they are city. Whether or not women use them, I'd clients what they deserve, you have to limit yourself to a few areas and work Greenberg: Most recently, it came out of not expected to become partners in a firm. like to see reflected in the Yellow Pages It is the same story in the labour field: few that such things exist. I don't want a law hard in those. It's too demanding to work my involvement with women in the early in five areas at once. So my focus now is seventies in Ottawa. I saw how much we labour lawyers are women, just as few firm characterized by sex, but if almost all primarily family law. lacked knowledge of the law, and once you l:ibour leaders are women. law firms are all-male, then at least a few got out of the home you were handicapped But you11 find some-shall we say the should be all-women, just to get a balance, without that knowledge. Women were "uppity women"?-going for MBA's now if for no other reason. And maybe we need Shirley, do you find that it's a good thing generally totally ignorant of things like and getting into commercial fields as well something different, now. for you and Cathy to be working -well, even what's involved with signing as a few in labour. I think these are being What's different about it? practice and you like litigation? a lease, not to mention such things as what recognized as new frontiers. I myself incorporation is useful for. Then there's would like to do business law, and I'D First, the difference isn't always based the tremendous problem of marital rela LIKE TO SEE WOMEN ATTEMPTING· on what sex you are, but your sensitivity tionships, the link between husband and BUSINESS VENTURES AND SUC to certain things. Some women might You find Neanderthal attitudes along wife and the law. Almost everywhere you CEEDING. I don't think it's that difficult; approach a client exactly the same as with very welcoming kinds of atti turn, if you go beyond the wife-and-moth it just hasn't been done on any wide scale. some men would. Secondly, I want to tudes ... But they'll have to learn to er role and especially if you're involved in Cathy worked for a short time with a law emphasize again that the law is the same accept us. We Insist on It. marriage breakdown, you confront the firm as a jllllior lawyer but you never did, for everyone, although Mrs. Murdoch's law. Without knowledge you're at the Sllirley. Wily Mt? case illustrated dramatically how the mercy of others, you can seriously Greenberg: Well, I do solicitor's practice prejudice your rights through ignorance. too, because it helps pay the bills, after all. So you got into law primarily to help It's work that's less time-consuming, and women? the time element is so imp<>rtant for a lawyer. You're billing for your time .. Greenberg: Yes, and to provide a focus for . But the complementarity of our rela my own energy. I had been a legal tionship goes way beyond the different ~retary 25 years ago. But after you areas of law. It's important because we're master that job, there's nowhere else to women working in a "man's field". go. I needed more scope. That . was the middle fifties, but I had to wait for the Bow do you pt along with your col seventies and the encouragement for leagues? women to enter new fields, before I did anything about it. During the sixties I got Greenberg: Well, that's an interesting a B.A., going to university part-time while question. I found that senior people were my children were small. In the seventies I extremely helpful to me~ you could almost got involved in the women's movement, say that they were maternal in their with the opening of the Ottawa Women's helpfulness. Since I'd been a legal secre Centre, and within a year I realized that tary years ago, I wondered if I was maybe what I wanted to do was go into law. getting special treatment because I knew Tell me about your experience as a people in the profession. But when I student in law school. talked to other young lawyers, I found that this is .usually what happens: the Aitken: There were very few women. The people with experience are very good to whole atmosphere was one of "stag party" you. On the other hand, so many more or "locker room." Women were treated u people are graduating and being called to if we were invisible: classes were often the Bar that the field is-you could say addressed as "Gentlemen." But the· few \ becoming glutted. So there is a certain Kate Middleton women who were there were respected amount of one-upmanship going on. But for their academic standing. We were Greenberg: I felt that I needed more scope differences affect wives! We don't present I've never experienced it myself. always at the top of our class. than I thought would be permitted to me. the law in a different way when we're I've entered the legal profession at a As a woman, I wanted to break new dealing with a practical problem, but our point where lawyers, who are mostly men, ground. That's a very touchy thing, too, explanation is probably different. are very sensitive to the role of women. Women In law school felt It was their becallse we have one Jaw for everyone in Given those two things, I think my But it's a period of readjustment, so you right to be there, their right to be the country. We can't have one law for one ability to understand 'Yhat has happened find Neanderthal attitudes along with trained as lawyers, their right not to be person and one for another (although to a woman puts the whole relationship in very welcoming kinds of attitudes. Some discriminated against. there are different ways people are a very different light. I think in my case of the men don't know how to treat women affected, as we all know). it's simply because of my life experience. I in a professional role-they're not used to ======Having mostly been focussed in the didn't go straight through school and women as colleagues. But they'll have to Greenberr. Mv first shock was that the wife-and-mother role in my life I realized become a lawyer by age 22 or 23. I've had learn to accept us. We insist on it. women students were not more aware of· that women and men approach the same a lot of different kinds of life experience the issues confronting women. I thoullht_ h and I can see various dimensions to _ ~ issue wit very different perspectives. a Where do you see your practice going that if women were entering this so-called The practice of law having been tradition- problem that maybe others can't. The from here? "male field"- and it has been historically ally male-dominated, and women by element of understanding what a woman I see this as part of a network of exclusively male-that they would realize tradition having had virtually no input may have been through especially in a that they were breaking barriers. I really into the making of laws, meant to me that family .c~isis situat.io~, is very important. services for women. Women almost talk a looked to women in law exercising the potential for misunderstanding was . A fem1mst analysis 1s hell?ful, different language. Sometimes you need a ~xte~ely translator. Aspects of our experience have leadership on behalf of women. But these very great. I wanted to be able to start ~d I also k~ow how ahenatmg dealings women didn't want to do that. At the same brid · that Th h I 'te . with professionals can be. not even been articulated yet. Some of the time they felt it was their right to be gmg gap. a s w Y wri ID So you don't approach your clients from a most important dimensions, especially there, their right to be trained as lawyers, UPSTREAM-to help women un~erstand woman's position as from a feminist relationships with men, have never been how our legal system works, which laws "ti ? fully probed, and they permeate our daily their right not to be discriminated against. affect them, how they can protect them- pom on life. Clients who come to me, particularly As a feminist, I related this to the position selves. I think of this as preventative I have clients who are not feminists and if they're in a family crisis situation, need of all women. But most of the women I Jaw. As an employee in a Jaw firm, who aren't interested in women's issues. help and support, just as much as legal knew related it only to themselves. In you're working for other people. As a But because of my involvement in femin advice. They can get it from Interval other words, the political and social j~nior, you're doing mostly things they ism, I can better understand how they got House, the Rape Crisis Centre, or feminist dimension was4lbsent. That meant that don't want to do. The senior neonle are on to where they are and I have a feeling for counselling (although the work "feminist" the traditionaf rivalry bet wen women was ·to bigger things so the littler things are where they are going. It makes it easier to I'm sure scares some people off). Then continued, except in a few instances, such what is passed down. explain the work I have to do, what my there's services provided by Algonquin, as when we got together over discrimina- Another thing I say to neonle when thev role is and what their role is, to anticipate tion in the classroom. ask me that question is, I'm too old for a misunderstanding and try to prevent it, Carleton U, Women's Career Counselling, That year, my first year in law school, boss. I have to do in five or 10 years what both in the lawyer-client relationship and as well as from people like Cathy and I. was the first year we tried to get a others can take 20 for. I'm starting out at in what the law can do for them. I don't Once we become conscious of our needs, women's caucus going. I found that only . the point when most men have already necessarily do a better job; it's a different we11 fill them. The Doctor was a lady by Alma Norman more than any real desire to promptly placed an· ad in the coats while shovelling a pathway tionally woman's-type practice, Globe announcing that "Mrs. through the snow in a frontier When in January 1883, a while the very conventional Dr. become a doctor that led E.H. Stowe, MD, Physician and settlement? correspondent to the Kingston Charlotte to study medicine: Ross was dealing with wounds Accoucher, would see patients Dr. Ross' difficulties were less and injuries and routinely doing paper, the British Whig, ex lonely and bored, she began from 9 A.M. to 3P.M." Unfortun pressed outrage at the thought of reading medical books to pass dramatic than those. faced by surgery, for this was a field ately, this was illegal, for Dr. Emily Stowe. After receiving her "Canadian maidens, or matrons" time, showing such an interest almost closed to women doctors. Stowe was not licensed to prac degree, she returned to Montreal The problem of registration being exposed to the indignity of and aptitude that her family tice in Ontario. In the Catch-22 having "the most sacred of doctor encouraged her to study where she opened a family obviously ended once women medical world of the day no one practice in 1876. She may never could be trained in Canada. And feminine mysteries freely dis medicine seriously. With her could practice who had not cussed before mixed classes of husband's willing support, she have been registered in the once women doctors became a studied in the province, or at province but it seems to have commonplace, there was little young men and women'', his enrolled at the Women's Medical tended a course of lectures at an dismay was already beginning to College of Pennsylvania. Unlike aroused little concern among the difficulty in their being accepted approved Ontario medical school authorities; after all a woman . by the community (although as be outdated. Emily Stowe, however, she had and sat their examination. But Augusta Stowe-Gullen, the doctor: treating women and child late as 1898, Elizabeth Matheson no sister with whom to leave her women were not admitted to ren was too unimportant to first woman graduate from a found the inhabitants of Onion children. She tried leaving them Ontario medical schools. bother about. In 1881, however, Canadian medical school had Lake reluctant to recognize her with foster parents but found Dr. Stowe did make several Charlotte Ross moved west to already begun her course at as a doctor. She was the mission this aa unutilfactor')' ...... - applicationa for aclmiulon, all of Vicforia College. She would re join lier h\llllud who had bousht ary's wife, not a separate person. ceive her degree from the Toron As usual, opinion changed when she proved her compe~nce, to School of Medicine later in . 1883. A year later, in 1884, three which on this occasion involved other women would graduate in travelling in a lumber wagon 75 medicine from Queens. By the miles over frozen ground to set a end of the century all Canadian broken leg, carrying medical schools except McGill her newly-born baby in a moss were admitting women. McGill, bag in her arms. The trip out courageously resisting the femin took two days, the homeward ine onslaught did not yield until journey three. 1922. There remained (and remains) Before the Canadian institu the problem of opening all fields tions reached their age of en of medicine to women. Until lightenment, women wishing to World War I most female doctors study medicine went to schools in were to be found in traditional the US. By 1883, 4merican women's fields: family practice, trained Canadian women physi where woman's "natural kindli cians, were practising in at least I ness, paitence, love of home and five provinces: Emily Stowe and children would merely be ex Jenny Trout as early as 1876; in tended into the field of medicine; 1882 Amelia Yeomans and her obstetrics and gynaecology. And, daughter Lilian Yeomans estab in the field of public health, lished a practice in Winnipeg. as medical inspectors of scliools. Maria Angwin in Halifax, and I Most specialities, especially sur- Elizabeth Secord in New Bruns 1 gery, were closed to them; a wjclc were all well known. And woman could not get the training according to Dr. Angwin, there necessary. were at that time "seven or eight which were turned down. (She a lumbermill in Whitemouth, The stereotype of women as lady doctors practising medicine and Jenny Trout were grudging Manitoba, a hard living, hard committed to others was streng in Nova Scotia." ly admitted to a course of drinking, roistering frontier thened by the numbers of Cana· Women, it was obvious, were solution was to bring them with lectures-finally-in 1870, pro settlement, where a woman pru dian women who became ~ical her and continue her studies de~rmined to find a way around vided they agreed "to make no dently bolted her door when her missionaries. At least 24 Cana obstacles placed in the path of while, caring for her family. fuss-whatever Aappned:'. husband was away, and never dian women doctors worked in their qualifying as doctors. Pro- There was an inevitable added . What happened was a sustained ventured out after dark. It was a medical missions in India, China, vided one had the necessary complication arising from her campaign of vulgarity and ribald settlement constantly in· need of Japan, Korea, and Hawaii. academic training and could pay annual reunion with her hus ry which ended only when they medical services for the inevit With the usual stately slow the fees, US medical schools band. Most of the pregnancies threatened to report to the able injuries consequent upon ness that has characterized the were often willing to accept the resulting from these visits ended lecturer's wife exactly what he accident or drunken rows. But widening of opportunities for determined Canadians. A less in miscarriage but one gave her a was saying in class!) Meantime, Whitemouth was not prepared women, other medical disciplines easily resolved problem was the fourth daughter. A fifth child, the undaunted Dr. Stowe conti for those services to be provided gradually opened their doors. age-o!p one of how to combine her only son, was born three nued her very successful prac by a woman! The brutal proving ground of motherhood with serious study. months after she graduated. One tice, registration or not. As she The issue was settled by Dr. WWI showed that women made The experiences of Emily speculates on the significance of was to say later, it was no crime Ross' determined competence. excellent surgeons under pres Abortion as the subject for her Stowe and of Charlotte White to break man~s laws, "laws and She performed operations on a sure; pediatrics, anesthetics, ra head Ross illustrate the dimen thesis. statutes made by man, male man, saloon table using ordinary diology, psychiatry, medical re sions of this problem. Both needle and thread, travelled by search-all grudgingly or willing It would be gratifying to as women had no hand in the women were married and the compilation of them." canoe, or sleigh, to visit outlying ly began to accept women into report that once these women their ranks. mothers of children before they had completed their course of Such feminist views were what patients. When pregnant with undertook the study of medicine. led her inexorably into the her seventh child she answered a As usual, women appear to study all was smooth sailing. have'won the battle. No medical Emily Stowe, who had trained Unfortunately, prejudice against suffrage movement and the or call in a blizzard, helping the as a teacher before marriage, driver to shovel a path through school t9day would dare to refuse women doctors in Canada was ganizing of that suffrage front found her training vital to her the snow so .that horse and sleigh a woman admission because of not limited to reluctance to admit group, the Toronto Women's family when her husband, an Literary Club, in 1877. By 1883, could proceed. The lumbermen her sex. No hospital would them to medical school. The blatantly discriminate against a English immigrant, contracted problem was not so much that all pretense gone, the name was and the homesteaders who fol TB and had to be confined to a changed to the Toronto Women's lowed them began to call her woman resident or staff member women wanted to study medi in any dep-artment. San, leaving Emily to care for cine, as that women with such Suffrage Club. "Mrs. Doctor", an apt title for a him and their three children on Obviously Emily Stowe had a woman who, after she had de And yet one wonders why ambitions might be boat-rockers. there are so few women special her teacher's earnings. She had Emily Stowe most definitely personality, and political views, livered a child would stay on to fong been determined to study calculated to arouse the hostility scrub the floor, do the laundry ists, and so few women chiefs of was. As a result, it took 13 years, any departments in most hospi medicine, so her income had to be from 1867-1880 for her to become of the male medical establish and cook food for the family to earned and saved, to provide not ment. But how is one to explain tide them over the first two or tals. registered to practice medicine Can one-dare one-assume only a livelihood for the entire in Ontario. the difficulties encountered by three days. family during her college course, Charlotte Ross, a most tradition There is something ironic in that for women wishing to prac· tice medicine, equality is still but also to pay her fees. Once it When Dr. Stowe returned al and "womanly" woman, who the fact that the feminist cam becarne financially feasible she home with her degree, she wore band embroidered petti- paigner, Dr. Stowe, had tradi- only an illusion? left her three children in the care of an obliging sister and enrolled in the New York Infirmary for Women, graduating in 1867. Charlotte Ross also had three children when she finally decided to study medicine. Unlike Stowe she had no financial worries for AM-2 her husband earned a good salary with the CPR. Unfortu September 1978 "If I am to keep on as I have begun (In public life) ttiat llHNlnS nately, however, his work re one unending struggle ... However, for me, more pleasure quired him to live in the West will come going upstream than down, but believe me It Is no leaving his wife and children in enviable position." Montreal. It was this separation . Agnes McPhall - 1922 18/UPSTREAM September 1978 \BOOKS! /es Letters of Cow-girls ont les bleus Virginia Woolf The Question· of Things Happen World War began when she was ing: The Letters of Virginia forced, like so many others, to Woolf, Vol. Edited by Nigel seek shelter because of the Nichol80ll and Joanne Trot an. Zeppelin raids over London. London: The Hogarth Press, For support there was Leo J976. 627 pages. nard Woolf with whom she was by Cyril Dabydeen "terribly in love." Virginia was well aware of his great kindness. Interest in Virginia Woolf will In a letter to him in 17 April 1916 never wane, will never cease. she wrote: With this volume of letters we have an additional feast for "Precious Mongoose .. . I lie and Woolf scholars and admirers think of my precious beast, who alike, adding more to what we does t!ake me happy every day already know about her from and instant of my life than I think such sources as Leonard Woolfs it possible to be." edition of A Writer's Diary and The letters hardly show any Quentin Bell's two-volume bio lack of vitality; warmth and graphy. humanity colour the descrip This presen.t volume is a tions. At times, however, she can painstaking and careful work be severely objective, as in her with place names and accurate descriptions of Sydney Water dates indicating where and when low; at other times her cari the letters were written, as well caturish, ironic gift comes to the as suitable annotations to ob fore as in her description of. the scure references to aid the by now famous Lytton Strachey reader. Moreover, Nigel Nichol who "jumps and seizes withered son's perceptive introduction virgins ... and leaves them lends a remarkable freshness to gibbering with ecstacy." put the reader in the right frame The letters are not all about MlmelNC.W-Pteoat ._...., · pleWe IV IN lieux pour voir' ee Nmlnilte et de ...... - IDlin of mind for these amazing literary or famous people. Often qui s'y trame. Elle tombe amour leur destinee et celle .du ranch. Tom a.bbiu, tradult de r..un letters. we see Virginia's personal and euse de Bonanza Jellybean, gard Privoos de miles, elles de eaha, F.ditieas 1Edneelle-Sl2.95 Throughout Virginia Woolf immediate concerns coming ienne du ranch et rencontre le couvrent les joies du lesbianisme. records feelings and impressions, through. Her desire for milk, for Chinetoque, gourou fatigue. et. Decidant de reusair Ii oil les per Marie-Claude Beequt not only hers but those of ·her instance, during wartime was Iegerement lubrique. (Si vous me bommes avaient echoue, elles se friends as well, many of who uppermost. Also, she worried On nous dit que ce livre s'est suivez toujours je vous felicltel). mettent en ~ de sauver une were members of the illustrious constantly about servants, · be vendu a deux millions d'exem Mais attention, c;a n'est pas espece rare de grues, en voie Bloomsbury circle. coming deeply sunk in "the plaires aux Etats-Unis. Nous tout! Je dirais meme que · se d'extinction. c:a The thoughts, gossip, activi pitchy and indeed stinking voila done en presence d'un glte avec l'arrlvoo des Pourtant, ce livre ayant ete grues. ties, and interests of such people waters of domestic life." Virginia "best-seller". Qu'en dire"/ Tout Avee !'apparition de ces charm ecrit par un homme, on remarque refused all her life to do without d'abord que ce livre est ce qu'on vite que: Sissy, pour echapper a\ as Lytton Strachey, Middleton ants volatiles drogues au peyolt, Murry, Roger Fry, Katherine servants - perhaps a hangover appelle communement '"une l'histoire s'embrouille et pour sa non-normalite se fait amptJter . d'un pouce; que . lea cow,,girls Mansfield, her. dear sister Vanes~ -f~om. her , mi~dl..~-cla~~""~acJt~, brique" de 352 pages, ensuite couper court, sachez seulement sa;· Vita Sacltvifie:Weit, "'·and grc)und; but, like her husband, qu'aux· 3/4 du texte l'eiinui n'arrivent pas tres bien a admin qu'il va y avoir des morts others are lucidly recorded and she was a Socialist, and was very commence a montrer l'oreille et violentes, que Jellybean fait istrer le ranch et que leur "prise se made vivid by Woolfs sheer zest much aware that the privileges que la lecture du roman devient tuer, que Dolores a enfin sa en main" tourne rapidement a la for life which seems, somehow, to of her class were "a social beaucoup moins interessante. La troisieme vision, que les grues gabegie; que pour garder les obscure the mental anguish she outrage," even wondering in fin1'st a mon.avis bicloo. Apres s'envolent et que Sissy re grues elles sont obligoos de les se suffered and the bouts of mad 1913: "Why the poor don't take la verve dont il a fait preuve, trouve enceinte des oeuvres· du droguer, ce qui implique qu'elles ness she experienced during this knives and chase us out of our l'auteur a·tendance a s'essoufler Chinetoque. Voila, je ne vous ne sont pas plus habiles que les time. houses I can't think." But like partir de la 320e page. etonnerai done pas en vous a hommes; qu'elles vont se fair The wit of her own conversa most writers she was more On peut lire ce livre de deux disant que parfois on y perd un massacrer par des hommes peu tion, too, bristles throughout inclined towards introspection fa~ns: Ne voir en lui qu'un texte peu son latin et que m~me si apres avoir reanse (avec soulage these pages. But is was to letters than active involvement in delirant, assez dr&le avec parfois l'auteur a un style assez symp ment) que "l'Homme n'est pas effecting social transformation. au niveau des mots des trouv that she seemed so deeply de athique on a bite de le voir l'ennemi, mais que l'ennemi est la voted, saying "Life would split Much of her views during this ailles assez interessantes. arriver au but, ou tout au moins betise." Puis continuant dans le assunder without letters." At time inevitably were shaped by Somme toute un conte de foos au bout du livrel meme etat d'esprit, on nous the war. She thought human imagine par un bonhomme en times she composed six a day and On peut, d'autre part, lire ce apprend (gentiment, comme a expected to receive just as many. beings were "pathetic" and plein "voyage", planant apres livre serieusement (!) et on des debiles) que "une femme sans blamed male chauvinism for the s'etre envoye en l'air en fumant Virginia Woolf wrote con s'aper~it qu'il fourmille de pre son oppose, ou un homme sans tinually; the period covered by rotten state of the world. As she ... Ce conte de foos raconterait tentions pseudo-philosophique·s le sien, peut exister mais pas this volume witnessed the writ wrote to Margaret Llewelyn l'histoire de Sissy Hankshaw, deguisOOs en canulars. On trouve vivre." Et voila regle par l'auteur ing of her first three novels (The Davies on 2 January 1918, her jeune fille pourvue de pouces des citations du genre de celle-ci: le "probleme" de l'homosexual Voyage Out, Jacob's Room, and faith resided in the young gen monstrueux que entreprend une "l'amour nous trouble facilement ite. Tout se termine done le Night and Day); reviews in TLS; eration, adding: parce qu'il est en flux perpetuel mieux du monde avec un retour carriere predestinoo d'auto-stop as well as articles for publication. entre illusion et substance, entre aux normes des plus serieux. In fact I believe the only hope for peuse. Mannequin a temps part She was totally committed to memoire et desir, contre consen Nous sommes sen!OOs avoir com the world is to put all children of iel, elle travaille (entre deux literature, saying "It is the voyages en voiture) pour la tement et besoin." Pour en pris le message, Tom Robbins all countries together on an rarest and most desirable of revenir au theme du livre, les dispensant la bonne parole ... island and let them start afresh Comtesse, homosexuel richis gifts," adding that it "is the only sime qui a fait fort\me en creant paralleles avec le mouvement Tout c;a est tres paternaliste et without knowing what a hideous spiritual and humane career." system we have invented here. un des plus gros consortiums de feministe sont faciles a faire: si le livre a des qualites indeni Her life, however, was not deodorants feminins. Sissy est une marginale--i!lle ne ables, il n'est quand meme pas a All things they're interested in totally introspective; she was seem to me sensible and not half Cette meme Comtesse est repond pas a la norme en ce qui la hauteur de- ses pretentions. active in the Women's Guild, proprietaire d'un ranch, le Ranch concerne sa feminite. Au ranch Done, a lire avec precaution~ pretence, as. ours are for the starte-d a fund to aid T.S. Eliot so de la de Caoutchouc. Dans trop most part. I mean honours, Rose de la Rose de Caoutcbouc, les si vous avez $12.95 en dans that he could devote all his ce ranch, yivent des cow-girls cow-girls, decidees a ne plus se votre porte-monnaie. degrees, and governments, . and energies to writing, and did so on. Or would they hark back to qui, fatiguees de se fair exploit faire exploiter, estimant que la phySical work with the Hogarth er, se revoltent. Sissy Hankshaw Comtesae a assez gagne d'argent the same ways of their own Press. All this must have taxed accord? qui entre-temps a trouve te sur leurs dos (fa~n de parler), her endurance to its limit. More moyen d'epouser un indien parti decident de renvoyer tout ele over, during this period the First On the whole the letters tell culierement insignifiant, est d8- ment masculin ou feminin non more about herself than, say, about the Bloomsbury group. In them we observe a woman in her Octopus has the books you need for your fall courses. various friendships, who was a superb wpter and intellectual; octopus Books Is a non-profit soclallst bookstore which provides a compr~henslve who entertained, and, even selctlon of left-wing periodicals and books. gossiped as naturally as p(>ssible without letting us know that she Emphasis Is placed on social theory, political economy, Cana'dlan society, women's was undergoing severe mental studies, and non-sexist children's literature. anguish. Altogether, these ate Our bookstore Is run by the Octopus collective on a volunteer basis with a paid letters to be read for their own Octopus Books co-ordinator. sake as well as for the insights Any person who supports the store's objectives is invited to participate In Its operation. they provide about the life and 837 Bank Street We welcome book suggestions. times of this famous writer. 236-2589 September 1978 UPSTREAM/ 19 as well as using her voice lightly latin rhythm and the Speaking of a mus1c1an friend Katherine Moses (despite having laryngitis that joyfulness of this music was the night). The flute,. though, is her back in Toronto Moses said, other side of Moses' personality.· "Being with .~m is a defmite instrument, and when she play Katherine Moses is very much ed, it became a part of her. With high." Well, Katherine, being versatile_ musician a professional, assured and with you was a defmite high and closed eyes and flying fingers she accomplished, but ·she is also sent its mellow sounds up over I hope we11 all ha've the oppor by Gail Wexler down-to-earth and approachabie. Moses' slim body. the audience. tunity to ht> with .\'ou again soon. On the evening of 2 July the The gentleness was there, Moses played several of her Astrolabe Theatre kicked off its expressed in a. ready smile and own compositions, among them summer series of free concerts an obvious regard for the rest of two tunes titled "Spring" and with a performance by Katherine the band. There was a constant "Midnight". The simplicity of the .Moses. What a pleasant shock it interplay among the members of titles reflects their pure, econo was to see a woman standing the group, not only in the tradi mical melodies and the discip where we usually find a man, tional solo flights but also ·in lined improvisations of the group verbal communication from lent a feeling of sureness and ~ntre stage in a jazz combo. 1 Moses is a gentle and sensitive Moses to the others. She seemed calm strength. person, but the moment she to care about keeping a strong TJ;ie sets, at an hour each, were begins to play, that sensitivity connection with them and about almost too long. However, there became the vitality .a~ sen making a connection with her were enough pieces to contrast suousness we usually associate audience. . _. with Moses' own somewhat with the male jazz musician. A versatile musician, Moses melancholy work to keep things . Much power emanated from played.. flute, sax, and percussion flowing. Most of these bad a Women's music Unjque and meaningful just coming out, and women who will laugh remembering those by Audrey Easten never will. Just when the mood "crushes" you all had. You'll hear has grown almost unbearable w~men sing of birth and death What It's Like somber, Meg sings a song advis and love and no 1ove; of Black ing everyone to "beware of the pain and of joy that knows no Long before the two musicians Lesbians!" and some of us are a color; of loving women; of fight are scheduled to appear, every little pissed because the audience ing and winning; of growing and one of the 600 seats in the is laughing and stomping and wanting to grow; of working and university auditorium is filled. clapping so loud we can hardly living and trying to make it in a we had it that no one wanted to Women are everywhere-in the open space, a place for the ear hear the words! world that wants to make you and mind to go. be critical. But now we've passed seats, in the aisles, on the floor in When the concert is finally think you are and can be no more that stage, and we're getting into front of the stage, in the lobby, Lyrica .. This includes both the over, no one wants to leave. than a pale reflection of the male, gamut such music runs from a national network of support even on the outside steps, hoping Almost as a unit the audience that denies you your strength, systems not only for the artists for standing room at the sold-out overt political statement to wom stands, shouting and whistling and wishes it could deny you an-loving-woman,· intensely per but for the producers and the concert. Friends greet each and pleading for the performers your very future. And it's all audience too; we're beginning to other, strangers smile at each sonal songs; and the relational to return for just a little more. sung and played by so~ne process itself, which may be the realize that the. performer bas other, here and there bottles of Meg does, and from the first who's been there, andJmows bow needs, but so do the producers wine are passed or furtive tokes same as that of most "woman" chord she hits on bpr guitar, we you 'feel, and can bring it all. up music (i.e., "You've left me and and those who eome to bear. the are taken; As 8 o'clock ap know what she's going to sing; frontfor you to identify with and music. The performer. can't any proaches, the energy level rises I'm in pain) but which comes up the noise level almost shakes the experience as "the shock of with non-traditional (traditional longer just stand up there and do until the expectation and warmth walls. Everyone, even those who recognition.'? It's something no being the die if you don't her thing~ She bas to be in touch are almost a tangible force in the don't know the words (is there "111 woman should miss, and no come back") conclQSions I "111 with the needs of others and hall. There are no men anyone who doesn't know the woman is untouched by, this make it on my own becauae rm -a respond to them as they mµst to none-because this is a woman words?), joins Meg in the chorus women's music. whole person by myself." She hers. And the national support onlx concert; even the sound and of "Ode to a Gyni Teacher," in Where It Came Frem and What say11 women's music tends to network means that women who lighting engineers are women. between roaring with laughter It is celebrate freedom and equality do perform will he able to mak~ a The women who have gathered and clapping and foot-stomping living at it, and still not lose sight to hear Meg Christian and Holly Women have always sung and in relationships rather than pos and applauding for what seems sessiveness and insecurity, and of their integrity, as so often Near perform are high on this like a half hour when it's over. made music, but is only in the happens tO women in the "estab alone, the sheer womanness of past few years that many women this in itself is a radical depar- Finally, though, we all leave, still ture. lishment" music scene. It's just the whole experience; gay wom higher than kites on the whole have written· and sung and great and it's going to keep on en, straight women, old women played songs for and about Pre1entatimri. This refers to experience, wishing we could do the way the performer/musi getting greater." and young, Black women and it all over again tomorrow; No women and the experience of Margie Adam feels the same white-all are here to share an being a woman-not a woman cian/writer relates to her ,audi one expresses it better than the way: "We're evolving, all of us," experience which is unique in our who has been jilted by or suffers ence. Adam sees the woman-i woman we hear on the way out she says. "My own definitions time: a woman's concert, pro because of or just plain needs a dentified artist as one who saying "That's the best goddam participates in the "theatre of the have changed so much in just a duced, performed, and attended three dollars I ever spent in my man, but just being a woman. few months that my brains are by women. The Doris Days and the Janis Vulnerable", that is, "expostls life!" herself to the audience by her shaken loose at the pace of it all. Eight o'clock comes and pas This is women's music, a Joplins, the Joni Mitchells and Meanwhile," she says, "I see a ses. A few minutes later every the Sarah Vaughns, the Joan relationship with the music and phenomenon that is only a few by her conversation with the support system growing across one seems to sense that it's time, years old, yet growing, burgeon Baezes and the Carly Simons~e the United States, as women's and it is. The lights dim, and out always with us-but they are audience." She says, "I think ing daily. At a woman's concert, there has to be an understand gro~ps and women's cent~rs and walk Meg and Holly, to a virtual you will see no teenage groupies, women who sing; they are not individual womenproducers put pandemonium of shouting, Bingers of women, and that is ing, a trust, born of mutual no laid back freaks who let the respect between audience and together concerts and set up stomping, whistling, applauding performers bludgeon them with what the new women !s music is situations where women musi -and they haven't done a thing all about. Margie Adam, one of performers." Adam is right; this electronic tricks and unbearable is possibly the most unusual cians can perform. I see this yet. But every woman in this decibal levels, no glitter and the best of the new singers of system as an alternative to the audience knows that she's going women, defined what she calls feature of women's music and the pants so tight you can see the one which is most appreciated by established way women musi to hear a couple of hours of /&er pimples on the performers' asses woman-identified music as "mu cians have had to get their music music, good, happy, powerful sic which is consciously derived a woman audience, at least by if you're close enough. You will this woman. out in the past ... I hope audi women's. music. The two per hear no songs that dependent from the uniqueness of one's are Where is it phlc? ences realize that women per formers are ~ng the best and for their appeal on enhancing the experiences as a woman and forming for them are not only most popular in the country, male ego by putting down every which speaks to certain life-va Betsy Reeves is a Cleveland doing so out of a joyous desire to although five years ago probably one who is not male, sung by lues that celebrate and liberate." feminist who divides her time validate other women's lives not more than a handful of performers whose contempt and She further refines 'this defini between working in a local through music, but also becauae women in the entire audience hatred for-and fear of- half the tion from three standpoints: the bookstore and working for Siren they see these kinds of perfor had any notion that either Meg human race is the leCret of their form the music takes, the unique sound, an all-woman production mances as a means of financial Christian or Holly Near even succe88. ness of its lyrics, and its pre and 900Dd-engineering outfit support that enables them to existed. Instead you will hear women sentation; the great differences that bu worked on many wom hold on· to their principles and The concert is a smuh; the who are just like you sing songs between woman-identified music en's concerts in the area. Once a still stay alive." performers are not good, they that speak to you in a way you and all other music becomes week she produces and presents This is a hope sllared by all us are great. The audience laughs at never thought you'd hear. The clearer when theae aspects are an hour-long feminist radio show women who have found a new the funny songs and· cheers for Berkeley Woman's Music Collec analyr.ed. heard in the Cleveland area, leue on life through our own the "old" favorites, applauds tive will sing to you about "The Form. Women's music is dif much-of it devoted to woman-ide music performed by our own almost endlessly for every selec Bloods"-and when they finish ferent in three ways that have to ntified music. ·I asked Betsy kind. Woman-identified music is tion, and sits solemnly. almost and you've wiped the tears of do with form: (1) in chordal where she thinks women's music here to stay. reverantly for the heavier 90Dgs, laughter from your eyes, you progressions, chord structure, is and where it's going. the ones about made women and probably won't ever call it "the and rhythmic variations which "Feminist music right now is in reprinted from Emergency Lib women in prison, about women curse" again. You11 hear Meg deviate from basic tonal harmo a great stage. At first, when it ran'an, an excellent Toronlo who have loved and lost women, sing about her gym teacher, Miss nies (tried chords and sevenths) really began to take off, every baaed feminiat magazine. Sub and women who have loved and Berger, and you and everyone in into fourths and fifths, open one was content to just sit back acriptiom: Sl&errill Cheda, 46 still love women, women who are that audience, gay mad straight, chords which give the effect of and enjoy it. We were all so glad GormleyAve., T~, Ontario. 20/UPSTREAM September 1978 On seeing a woman runner Look at this, she said, a bruise she moved her smooth leg,.uncovered her in one move flexed that muscle (my blood pounded past) thousands of miles · I've seen you close. up running your face drawn by the speed of your own heart thousands of hurting miles for this glory, this smooth animal leg. Tatyana Forrester Anger Twitching in my eyelid Itching To get out Knock, knocking LIT RARY Inside my skin Alive with emotion Let me out! All material copyright by authors Graphics by Anne Grlgotza Would you splash Upon the page Anger? Or dance about Misunderstanding Anger twitching In my eyelid What a stupid thing to do Let me out. and I never really meant it telling jokes in a wrong tense Susan Bristow teasing pulls at personals until a door closes off the silence. She guards one side, gone to work and I, shut in the gloom with hands stuck in a soapy dishpan, staring off into space. Swirling the suds, I feel guilty. Knowing I've wronged and riot really understanding why, my love is as deep as the sink drain that takes the rinse of newly cleaned plates who'll start again. Even a phone call couldn't clear it all ... I rinse a hopeful! plate, stack it up with others to drain, build a strong new pile for her clean and sparkling, good and fresh for when she opens the door again. Kim Sow/es Kelrsten Tonight my sister Keirst is coming! I can hardly wait to see the brat sister, tag-along pest, my only, "favorite" sister amongst four screaming brother. Keirst who loved and followed like a cloudy, newborn pup comes again, on a smokey hot but that seems never to get here. She'll be gone again, come fall, to a mid-western school that ·I'm sure I'll never see. because buses are tiring and so damned expensive ... If just this one could get here I'll make the memory last. I'll think of the hair once pulled and the touch of her too-warm skin, until a hot, tired bus can make its way again to a doorstep and a memory that both of us share. Kim Sow/es September 1978 UPSTREAM/21 Hubert play explores womensI lives by Catherine Adams understandably, uncertain and moving one. The setting is a by everyone in this oppressive Rites of Passage provides in The Great Canadian Theatre afraid. coal-mining town on Vancouver coal-mining community. the disputable testimony to Cam Company has chosen as its first Perhaps the most difficult Island where the work is hard men, as workers, are as trapped Hubert's talents as a playwright production for the Fall season a passage which we must encount and dangerous and_ life has little in their society as the women and social commentator. Perhaps dynamic play which explores er is the one which connects us to offer. As the daughter of a are, and their ongoing struggle her best known achievements three of the most crucial stages with death. Bess Sutherland, Vancouver Island coal miner, provides a compelling backdrop are the ACTRA Award winning of development in the lives of mother of Beth and grandmother Cam Hubert knows the region to Hubert's drama. drama, Dreamspeaker, which girls and women. The three main of Maggy; faces old age, the and this kind of life first-hand. At the same· time, Hubert's portrays the relatiQnship be characters of Cam Hubert's Rites death of her husband, and the Although the play focuses on play is not just about women and tween an emotionally disturbed of Passage each represent one of reality of her own death with the lives of three particular the working class. Hubert gives boy and an old Indian shaman, the turning points a woman must both courage and dignity. She women, it is not a play about 'her audie~ a sensitive and and the widely acclaimed Matter pass in her life-long journey exhibits a strenght of spirit individuals or about women ex honest porttayal of realtionships of Choice, a docudrama on rape. towards seH-realization. As the which, in itseH, is an affirmation clusively; Cam Humbert admir within a family and she does so Hubert's recent work includes a author explains in the Prologue of life. ably points out that repreuion with a good deal of warmth and television film on the sexual and to the play: The plq " • ...... ad ud fnl&ra&ioa .... Ulll*iw:wd lnmour. criminal exploitation of children. There are time• in women'• livu Cam Hubert is a forceful and when we pau, a/.mo•t predictab· determined writer with a great ly, through an empty land devoid deal to say on the many issues of guideline• or aignpoats. Wt that concern her. We may not have to learn to venture 011.t of always agree with what she says, the nest, then to build our Otull, buRt ~he mfakpes us listen. Th and fina/,ly to live in a neat one• 1tes o assage opens at e crowded, now private. We Amie Old Fireball on Sunnyside Ave to learn to leave our parent• med, nue on September 6 and runs to even harder, to allow our child· September 17 with once perfor ren to leave us. We have to leana mance nightly at 8:30 p.m. to live a/.one, learn to have the Admission is $8.50 and $2.50 for courage to fail. Hardest of all, we children, students, and senior have to learn who we are. citizens. Tickets can be pur chased at the door before each performance. As the play opens, Maggy, a l3-year--0ld girl, is undergoing an initiation into social maturity. The play is directed by Physically, she is approaching Svetlana Zylin who has worked womanhood and preparing to with The Theatre Passe Muraille meet the demands of the outside of Toronto and was part of the world. Her mother, Beth, a original production of Rites of woman in ther thirties whose Passage when it premiered ·in marriage is disintegrating, is 1975. The roles of Maggy, Beth, undergoing an initiation into and Bess are played by Pamela inner maturity as she confronts Dillon, Merle Matheson, and some of the painful realities Audrey Hallam. about both her past and present For more information contact life. When we meet Beth, she is, The Great Canadian Theatre Company at 233-0270. "Found'' art at Saw Gallery by Eqaily Jane Nunn transformed into art that as at any moment. This was, I think discomfort involved in the view merged on its own as a manifest Jennifer Durkin , a young sumes a story-telling function. the most successful attempt. ing of the picture as an entirety. ation of the artist's psyche, and is Although the message from Toronto-based artist, exhibited The most colorful piece was an There were also death images; a an entity unto itself. This unique her work in "found art" at the some of the collages seemed a bit interesting attempt· to reconcile cemetary effect, for instance, and ness is what gave the exhibit, SAW Galleries from July 24 to obscure, there was no doubt that material 'from the past with the a repeated reproduction of a for me, an essential meaning. August 11. The exhibition con the finished product was compe reality of the present. The face of gravestone. And yet this was not sisted of collages, with some tently done, and intriguing. In a girl with an uncanny resemb depressing or confusing imagery; All in all, this was a highly experiments in working with "Who is Elder Anyway?" there's lance to Liza Minelli, gives a rather it was a coming-to-terms interesting exhibit, subtle e wood and paint. a gloomy, derelict atmosphere; it glamorous, technicolor effect. A type of experience that pre nough to invite study and specu has the appearance of an ancient letter from home, a photo of an cluded morbidity. lation but not too obscure to The collages were the part of shop, stacked to the windows anonymous man, together with This collection seemed to re avoid suggesting tangible conno the exhibition that interested me with crates, waiting for demoli painted, disembodied fingernails, present a summing-up and cata tations. Here and there an awk most. Durkin has managed to tion, perhaps. The most com rounds out the message success loguing of elements in the artist's ward or unprofessional note was combine various "found" mater-. manding· object is, of course, a fully, and gives the impression of life, and, as such, gave the struck, but this did not in any ials, such a8 wood and cloth crate with 'Eider's' written upon heartfelt, pleasant, nostalgia. exhibition a personalized flavour. way detract from the general remnants, in such a way that it. A huge frame window en Other examples of Durkin's art It steered a middle course be impression of sincerity and com they take on a new life. Through closes the crates, etc., that give carry out this theme of the tween craft and grimly realistic mitment which was a hallmark of the art of printmaking they are the appearance of crashing over temporary, or of a calculated constructed banalities. It e- the exhibit. Les femmes au Festival des festivals Du 14 au 21 septembre aura courts metrages. Le prix des cernant le festival, contacter le: lieu a Toronto le Festival des billets individuels est de $8.00 (416) 367-9599 Festivals. Sur les soixante longs par film. •Les dates et heures des metrages qui seront presentes, projections sont actuellement su Pour tous renseignements con- trois ont ete realises par des jettes a modification. femmes, ii s'agit de: Dfabolo.Menthe (France), realise par Diane Kuryf, qui ~ra pre sente le 16 septembre en soiree• Girlfriends (Etats-Unis), realise par Claudia Weill, presente le 20 septmbre a 19 h 00 Poarquoi Pu? (Fl-ance), realise par Coline Serreault, presente le 19 septembre a 20 h 30 dans la sene "Clloix de la Critique". Si vous desirez assister au festival il vous en coOtera $50.00 pour le programme entier soit 60 longs m~ plua divers September 1978 UPSTREAM I 23 herbs: yours for the picking Fresh grated ginger inay also be used .yvater barely to cover, and simmer. Have the treatment of some poisons) mix one iaf Jean Frances externally, as a poultice on the chest or ready a soft cloth. When the ginger is hot, teaspoon of ground Jtfilstard seed in a Many of us have substances not generally sinuses. A poultice is used to apply moist put some on the cloth, and place the glass of boiling water, let cool to recognised as being medicinal on the heat to an area to soothe or draw. It ginger as hot as can be borne directly on lukewarm, and have them drink it all !leasoning shell. Anise, cayenne pepper, should not be allowed to become cold; the skin of the chest (for a chest cold) or down. ::oriander, caraway, dill, fennel, ginger, have a second one ready to be applied temples (for a head cold). If you have no Added to a tub of hot water, mustard mustard seed, and sage are common to immediately on removing the first. fresh ginger, mix a couple of tablespoons makes a good foot bath in cases of colds or most spice cupboards, but have properties To make: grate up one handful of fresh ful of ground ginger with a handful of chill.ii. Mustard plasters may sound fami which make them as valuable in the ginger root. (You11 need two or three cornmeal. Add enough boiling water to liar; they're good applied externally to the medi~ine chest. inches of root.) Put it in a pot (preferably make a thick paste and use this for your chest, back or kidneys for relief of colds. Anise, coriander, dill, caraway and not aluminum-it reacts), add just enough poultice. Messy, but very warm! Mix one part mustard with four parts rennel seeds are all aromatic, stomachic Cayenne pepper can be used in much flour and add enough warm water to make 11.nd carminative. A teaspoonful of any one . the same way for colds. If you can't stand a thick paste. Spread on a cloth and place r>f them steeped in boiling water for about drinking the stuff, you can obtain gelatin over affected part. Be careful; the heat if 15 minutes will soothe an upset stomach capsules from most drug stores and some too intense may cause blisters to form. If md dispel gas in the bowels. They are health food or herb shops. Fill them with mixed with egg white instead of water the especially good for babies and small the ground cayenne and take as you would plaster is less likely to raise blisters. ~hildren, being very mild. Fennel is, in any capsule. Soon you11 feel the heat Sage tea prepared in the usual way has !lddition, diuretic and pectoral. It can be 1preading through your body. varied uses. It can be used as a 11sed to relieve cold symptoms, &lone or in Two interesting ideas using cayenne mouthwash and gargle for cankers and ~ombination with other herbs. that I have read about but not tried: if you sore throat, as a tea to·relieve indigestion; Ginger and cayenne are very good for aUffer from cold feet, try sprinkling a little and as a hair rinse. Sage is sudorific ~olds. They are both diaphoretic (that is, red pepper in your socks-not too much or (produces copious perspiration) and relax i>erspiration producing) and create an 1ou1l overheat. If you're prone to sprains ing. It is very good for colds because of 11.greeable warmth in the body. or minor muscle aches, make a liniment by these properties. Go to bed and take a big Ground dried ginger or the fresh grated afmmering one tablespoon of cayenne. in pot of sage tea with you. Drink five or six root may be used. Prepare a tea in the one pint of cider vinegar for 10 minutes. cups at hall-hour intervals; this will cause 11Sual way (one tsp. of the herb to one cup Bottle this unstrained and store refriger free perspiration and should enable you to ooiling water) and drink as.hot as possible. ated; use externally as necessary. throw off the cold. Sweeten with honey to taste, and add the Mustard seed is laxative, stimulant and Next time, before you go to the juice of half a lemon just before drinking, emetic (produces vomiting). If it is drugstore, take a look at your spice shell. if you like. necessary to make someone vomit (as in What you need may be there. The Women's Interest Group of Ottawa A PY duce will be held on Saturday ,Sep South meets every Friday from 9:3:-11:80 tember 9. For more information call CURRENTLY am at the Southminster United Church at 238-1717. Bank and Aylmer. Guest speakers, coffee AU event• are in Ottawa xnle•• otleJ"UJUe The Ottawa Women's Ceetre has left their and good conversation. Babysitting avail Women's daneea should start in Hull poted. Somerset Street location and ltlay be able. Everyone wekome. For more infor 80metime around the 16th of September. reached at 233-2560 or P.O. Box 586, Stn. mation phone Doyne Ahern at 288-7459. Call 238-1717 towards the middle of the Cuwlaaa'Travall a llllbvm~ UD pnjet B, Ottawa, KlP 5P7 to leave messages. A month for more information. d'aato-ante pour les femmes franco general meeting will be held on. Monday, The n1ti1ul day fer Chile is Mondax, phones de la basse-ville. Ce projet September 11, at 7:80 pm, at 15-191 September 18. A celebration will be held If1f01l WOtdd like to am101mCe yov.r grow.p's d'auto-sante pour les femmes debutera le ~cLeod St. Elections for the policy for all th0&e interested at 480 Boulevard activities, send notice before the 15flt of ler Octobre et sera parraine par la committee will take place. Tache in Hull, at 7- pm, Saturday, the preceeding month to UPSTREAM. Clinique St. Anne, rue Cobourg. Pour September 16. information ou collaboration s'il vous plait A one-hear pngram OD the ' speeial entrer en contact avec Michele P. preblems of ·Chile will be broadcast on Monette. 521--4867. CKCU (Radio Carleton 92.1 FM, 91.5 cable) on Monday September 11, from 5:80 A Mriea of excellent program• OD Hfeatyle to 6:30 pm. Recordings from Santiago of health awareness and basic nutrition for radio broadcasts made during the coup women will be offered by the Centretown d'etat will be aired along with comment Community Resource Centre throughout ary and discussion on the ·present situa ~he fall and early winter, the first tion in Chile. i>eginning September 11. Registration is September 6. (11 am-4 pm), fees are The Vancouver Women'• Video and Film ;mall, and inability to pay does not Festival will be held September 22,23 and restrict participation. For more informa 24. For more information cqntact Women ;ion call 233-9350. in Focus, 6-45 IGngsway, Vancouver, B.C. l'he Ottawa Coalition ta Fight Se:dam and An open AL-ANON meeting on Tuesday ~exual Repreuion plans a rally to prepare September 26, 8 pm, on the upper level of for the upcoming visit of Anifa Bryant to the McNabb Community Centre, corner of ;he city. The rally will take place Gladstone and Percy. Everyone welcome. rhursday September 7, 8 pm, at the For more information phone 725-3431. Public Library, corner of Metcalie and Wiurier. Speakers, music and discussion The Ontario Mobile Fitneu Van will be at l.l'e planned. All are encouraged to attend. the Centretown Community Resource SHOP !"or the exact date of Bryant's visit, phone Centre Wednesday, Octobef 11 between }ays of Ottawa later in the month, 5-7 pm for fitness testing. Call 233-9358 ~1717. more more information. l'he Ottawa eo.Htioa fer F1lll Employ The All80Ciatioa of Wemen ht the Jmdee nent .holds a rally against unemployment System ef B.C. announces its second ~turday, September 9, from noon til 4 pm annual conference to be held in Vancouver ,the Lebreton Flats Camping Ground. on November 8, 9 and 10. The program L'he itinerary will include speakers from will include guest speakers, films and Bulk Natural Foods ;rade unions, presentations by the Chilean workshops, and policy papers on various !i'olklore Asaociation, folksingers and talks' subjects. For more information contact UIC: Adults and children are welcome, Sue Dahlin or Maureen Turner at the md you are encouraged to bring your Ministry of the Solicitor-General, 202-326 unch, Phone 238-3860 if you would like to Howe St., Vancouver, B.C. or call (604) aelp organize this event, or if you need , 666-6070. Hours: ncire information. ~ The Latin Ameriean sc:hoel project spon l'he fifth aaniverury of the eotip cW;tat ht sored by the Ottawa Roman Catholic ldle will be marked by a ntherin1r near. School Board and the Ministry of Educa 9am - Sam Monday to Friday he eternal flame in front of the Parlia tion will commence classes Saturday, nent BUnmn85, "on Monday, September 11 September 16. Registration is open until 9am - 6pm Saturday noon. MPs will be invited to address September 80 for any children from 4 to hose present. From there a march is 16. Latin American history, geography, •lanned to the nearby Chilean Embassy and folklore, along with Spanish language Elgin Street. will be taught. For more information, contact the principal, Iris Mason at l'he Centretown Lepl Advice Service 523-1602. nay be able to help you. free advice on eparation and divorce procedures, land An evening "Chez Neas", September 23 at 841 BANK STREET >rd-tenant problems, unemployment in the Ottawa South Community Centre to 233-oaYS urance and other legal problems. Call kick off the membership drive. See ad this 33-0916 for more information. issue or call 238-6706, 284-8344 for info. le. 0) ~ a: w m :& w ~ w U) 0 ::; m ::) Q. VJ z w -u- : :t 0 == ~ .. ·~ : co . . 0 ~ z - 0 -> Staff this issue Pat Daley Janick Belleau MAIL TO:: Havi Echenberg Jean Frances Jane Arnott Marie-Claude Hecquet Sue Bristow Dorothy Elias Trish Balmer Alma Norman Lucie Masson Kate Middleton UPSTREAM is a monthly newsmagazine published by Feminist Production this issue Publications of Ottawa. The staff is a collective · with Elaine O'Hara Helen Murphy departmental co-ordinators. UPSTREAM subcribes to Co-oper ative Press Associates (CPA) a national labour news service. Marilyn Fuchs Pat Daley We solicit readers' views and opinions. Ail correspondence Diane Kinnon Dorothy Elias should be addressed to UPSTREAM, 227 Laurier Avenue West, Suite 207, Ottawa, Ont. K1 P 5J7. Phone 232-0313. ISSN Cathy Kenny Anne Grigotza 0700-9992. Carol Sheehan Sharon Skead Second Class Mall Registration No. 4017 Julie O'Neil Janick Belleau Sheila Gilhooly Typesetting Advertising Mall to: Upstream, 2ZT Laurier Ave. W., Suite 2!J7 Nancy Rosenberg Pat Daley Ottawa, Ont. K1P 5J7 Pat Daley Carol Sheehan Trish Balmer \ Name . Cover Photo Address . Kate Middleton \ Posta·I Code__.____ _ One year subscription - $6.00 Don't forget Supporting Subscription - $12.00 Institutional Subscription - $15.00 to renew your Pl98$e make cheques payable to: Feminist Publications subscription. . of Ottawa MoViog? Send us your new address before you UPSTREAM welcomes submissions. Copy deadline move. 2nd class mail isn't forwarded, and is the 1.5th of every month. Submissions should be we have to pay .12 for every subscription typed, doublespaced. News, sports, arts - type on a the Post Office returns to us. 62 unit line. Forum, features, letters - on a 78 unit lin~. Ail copy (except letters). is subject to editing.