Q1. How does the toe angle of the tires affect the acceleration of a vehicle?

Ans:- The toe angle identifies the exact direction the tires are pointed compared to the centerline of the vehicle when viewed from directly above.

Toe can also be used to alter a vehicle's handling traits. Increased toe-in will typically result in reduced oversteer, help steady the car and enhance high-speed stability.

Increased toe-out will typically result in reduced understeer, helping free up the car, especially during initial turn-in while entering a corner.

Q2.What is caster angle? What are the reasons behind giving a positive caster angle to the vehicle?

Ans:- Castor angle is the angular displacement of the steering axis from the vertical axis of a steered wheel in a car, motorcycle,

bicycle, other vehicle or a vessel, measured in the longitudinal direction.

The purpose of this is to provide a degree of self-centering for the steering — the wheel casters around in order to trail behind the axis of steering.

This makes a vehicle easier to control and improves its directional stability (reducing its tendency to wander).

Positive caster increases negative camber when the wheels are turned due to the geometry of the suspension components.

This is good for cornering as it maximizes the area of tire that is in contact with the ground on the outside front wheel, which is under the most load during the turn

Q3. What is the reason behind brake-fade?

Ans:- Brake fade is caused by a buildup of heat in the braking surfaces and the subsequent changes and reactions in the brake system components and can be experienced with both drum brakes and disc brakes.

Loss of stopping power, or fade, can be caused by friction fade, mechanical fade, or fluid fade

Brake fade occurs when the heat doesn’t have time to dissipate, like when you keep your foot on the brake pedal in stop-and-go traffic, drive aggressively, brake down a long hill,

or drive with an overloaded vehicle. When there’s an excessive buildup of heat, your brakes will start to feel less responsive and you might experience brake fade.

Q4. What happens if there is no differential in a vehicle? Ans:- If there was no differential on the axle, both wheels would revolve at the same speed. Therefore, they would have tendency to cover the same distance as each other,

which would result in tendency to go in a straight line. A car with rear wheel drive would push the front wheels, with their tyres skidding helplessly.

Q5. “In a 2 litre engine the engine oil is filled up to 1.5 litre” justify? Ans:- Overfilling the engine oil can cause serious damage to the engine. Some common symptoms are oil leaks from the engine and blue smoke from the exhaust pipe.

Q6. Which component in the steering system is responsible for the amount of torque required to rotate the wheel?

Ans:-Electric power steering,Power steering systems supplement the torque that the driver applies to the steering wheel.