II - Gêneros Euastrum Ehrenberg Ex Ralfs, Micrasterias C
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Desmid of Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 12(1): 11-23, 2005 (June) DESMIDS OF SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH. 3. DOCIDIUM, PLEUROTAENIUM, TRIPLASTRUM AND TRIPLOCERAS A. K. M. NURUL ISLAM AND NASIMA AKTER Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Key words: Desmids, Docidium, Pleurotaenium, Triplastrum, Triploceras, Bangladesh Abstract 23 taxa belonging to Pleurotaenium, 2 under Triploceras and 1 each under Docidium and Triplastrum have been recorded in this paper from some selected areas of Bangladesh. Of these, 11 are new records for the country. Introduction This is the third paper in a series under the above title. The first and second papers with the same title have already been published in this journal (Islam and Akter 2004 and Islam and Begum 2004). The present paper includes the species belonging to Docidium, Pleurotaenium, Triplastrum and Triploceras from the same selected areas as mentioned in the above papers. The illustrated descriptions of these taxa are given below. For materials and methods, dates and places of collections and other information see Islam and Akter (2004). Taxonomy Class: Chlorophyceae; Order Desmidiales; Family: Desmidiaceae A total of 27 taxa (Docidium 1, Pleurotaenium 23, Triplastrum 1 and Triploceras 2) have been described with diagrams and photomicrographs. Of these, 11 taxa are new records for the country (marked by *). Genus: Docidium de Brebisson 1844 em. Lundell 1871 Cells straight, cylindrical, smooth, or with undulate margins, 8-26 times longer than broad; circular in cross section, slightly constricted in the midregion, with an open sinus; apex usually truncate, rounded, sometimes dilated, smooth or rarely with a few intramarginal granules; base of semicell inflated, with 6-9 visible folds (plications) at the isthmus, the folds usually subtended by granules; cell wall smooth or faintly punctulate; chloroplast axial with irregular longitudinal ridges and 6-14 axial pyrenoids; zygospore unknown. -
Some Freshwater Green Algae of Raja-Rani Wetland, Letang, Morang: New for Nepal
2020J. Pl. Res. Vol. 18, No. 1, pp 6-26, 2020 Journal of Plant Resources Vol.18, No. 1 Some Freshwater Green Algae of Raja-Rani Wetland, Letang, Morang: New for Nepal Shiva Kumar Rai1*, Kalpana Godar1and Sajita Dhakal2 1Phycology Research Lab, Department of Botany, Post Graduate Campus, Tribhuvan University, Biratnagar, Nepal 2National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories, Department of Plant Resources, Godawari, Lalitpur, Nepal *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Freshwater green alga of Raja-Rani wetland has been studied. A total 36 algal samples were collected from 12 sites by squeezing the submerged aquatic plants. Present paper describes 35 green algae under 18 genera from Raja-Rani wetland as new record for Nepal.Genus Euastrum consists 5 species; genera Cosmarium, Staurodesmus, and Staurastrum consist 4 species each; genera Scenedesmus, Closterium, Pleurotaeniuum and Xanthidium consist 2 species each; and rest genera consist only single taxa each. Water parameters of the wetland of winter, summer and rainy seasons were also recorded. Keywords: Chlorophyceae, Cosmarium, New report, Staurodesmus, Triploceras,Xanthidium Introduction climatic condition and rich aquatic habitats for algae, extensive exploration is lacking in the history.Suxena Algae are the simplest photosynthetic thalloid plants, & Venkateswarlu (1968), Hickel (1973), Joshi usually inhabited in water and moist environment (1979), Subba Raju & Suxena (1979), Shrestha & throughout the world. Green algae are the largest Manandhar (1983), Hirano (1984), Ishida (1986), and most diverse group of algae, with about 8000 Watanabe & Komarek (1988), Haga & Legahri species known (Guiry, 2012). They have wide range (1993), Watanabe (1995), Baral (1996, 1999), Das of habitats as they grow in freshwater, marine, & Verma (1996), Prasad (1996), Komarek & subaerial, terrestrial, epiphytic, endophytic, parasitic, Watanabe (1998), Simkhada et al. -
Microhyla Berdmorei
21 THE STOMACH CONTENTS OF SOME ANURAN TADPOLES FROM THAILAND Benjawan Moonasa1, Prapaiporn Thongproh1, Ekachai Phetcharat2, Wassana Kingwongsa3, Pramote Ratree4, Prateep Duengkae5, Theerasak Somdee6, Yodchaiy Chuaynkern1 & Chantip Chuaynkern1,* ABSTRACT The stomach contents of 18 tadpole species in Thailand were studied. The tadpoles in this study consisted of one species of the family Bufonidae (Duttaphrynus melanostictus); one species of Dicroglossidae (Fejervarya limnocharis); four species of Megophryidae (Megophrys carinense, Megophrys sp., Leptobrachium smithi and Leptolalax sp.); six species of Microhylidae (Microhyla butleri, Microhyla berdmorei, Microhyla heymonsi, Micryletta inornata, Kaloula pulchra and Glyphoglossus molossus); three species of Ranidae (Clinotarsus penelope, Hylarana erythraea and Sylvirana nigrovittata); and three species of Rhacophoridae (Polypedates leucomystax, Rhacophorus rhodopus and Rhacophorus jarujini). Tadpole specimens were collected by net from the following five areas: Phu Khiao Wildlife Sanctuary in Chaiyaphum Province, Yoddom Wildlife Sanctuary in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Phu Kradueng National Park in Loei Province, Umphang Wildlife Sanctuary in Tak Province, and Nam Nao National Park in Phetchabun Province. Specimens were dissected in order to remove their stomachs. All stomach contents were kept in order to create semi-permanent slides, which were observed under the light microscope. The results of tadpole stomach contents showed eight groups of food items, which included microalgae (25 genera), protozoa (3 genera), fungi like-organisms, rotifers (3 genera, including amictic eggs and bdelloid rotifers), diatoms (16 genera), arthropods, nematodes, and plant parts. Keywords: Amphibian, diet, food items, stomach analysis, Thailand INTRODUCTION Food is an important welfare factor for all living organisms. In amphibians, caecilians generally feed on earthworms and other invertebrates, while anurans and salamanders feed almost exclusively on insects (Vitt & Caldwell, 2009). -
DNA Content Variation and Its Significance in the Evolution of the Genus Micrasterias (Desmidiales, Streptophyta)
DNA Content Variation and Its Significance in the Evolution of the Genus Micrasterias (Desmidiales, Streptophyta) Aloisie Poulı´e`kova´ 1*, Petra Mazalova´ 1,3, Radim J. Vasˇut1, Petra Sˇ arhanova´ 1, Jiøı´ Neustupa2, Pavel Sˇ kaloud2 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacky´ University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic, 2 Department of Botany, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kra´love´, Hradec Kra´love´, Czech Republic Abstract It is now clear that whole genome duplications have occurred in all eukaryotic evolutionary lineages, and that the vast majority of flowering plants have experienced polyploidisation in their evolutionary history. However, study of genome size variation in microalgae lags behind that of higher plants and seaweeds. In this study, we have addressed the question whether microalgal phylogeny is associated with DNA content variation in order to evaluate the evolutionary significance of polyploidy in the model genus Micrasterias. We applied flow-cytometric techniques of DNA quantification to microalgae and mapped the estimated DNA content along the phylogenetic tree. Correlations between DNA content and cell morphometric parameters were also tested using geometric morphometrics. In total, DNA content was successfully determined for 34 strains of the genus Micrasterias. The estimated absolute 2C nuclear DNA amount ranged from 2.1 to 64.7 pg; intraspecific variation being 17.4–30.7 pg in M. truncata and 32.0–64.7 pg in M. rotata. There were significant differences between DNA contents of related species. We found strong correlation between the absolute nuclear DNA content and chromosome numbers and significant positive correlation between the DNA content and both cell size and number of terminal lobes. -
Sexual Reproduction and Bloom Dynamics of Toxic Dinoflagellates
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND BLOOM DYNAMICS OF TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATES FROM AUSTRALIAN ESTUARINE WATERS by Naomi S. Parker BSc., Grad. Dip. ASOS (Hons), MSc. Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Aquaculture University of Tasmania Hobart June,2002 DECLARATION AND AUTHORITY OF ACCESS This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of a degree or a diploma in any university, and to the best of the author's knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text. This thesis may be made available for loan. Copying of any part of this thesis is prohibited for two years from the date this statement was signed; after that time limited copying is permitted in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. Naomi S. Parker June 2002 ABSTRACT Of the dinoflagellates known to form toxic blooms in Australian estuaries three, Alexandrium minurum, Alexandrium catenella and Gymnodinium catenatum produce paralytic shellfish toxins that can lead to the potentially fatal paralytic shellfish poisoning in humans. These three species and a fourth dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum all have the capacity to reproduce both by vegetative cell division and by sexual reproduction. The product of sexual reproduction in all cases is a resting cyst, which can sink to the sediments and remain dormant for a time. Resting cyst production results in a coupling between the benthic and pelagic components of estuarine systems and forms an important part of the ecological strategy of dinoflagellates. A variety of aspects of sexual reproduction of these four species were investigated. -
Tesis: Desmidiales De Algunas Localidades Del Estado De México
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES IZTACALA DESMIDIALES DE ALGUNAS LOCALIDADES DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO T E S I S QUE PARA OBTENER EL TITULO DE: B I Ó L O G O P R E S E N T A: Gabriela Jiménez Arreola DIRECTORA DE TESIS M. EN C. GLORIA GARDUÑO SOLÓRZANO HERBARIO IZTA SECCIÓN DE FICOLOGÍA Tlalnepantla, Edo. Méx. 2005 1 UNAM – Dirección General de Bibliotecas Tesis Digitales Restricciones de uso DERECHOS RESERVADOS © PROHIBIDA SU REPRODUCCIÓN TOTAL O PARCIAL Todo el material contenido en esta tesis esta protegido por la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (México). El uso de imágenes, fragmentos de videos, y demás material que sea objeto de protección de los derechos de autor, será exclusivamente para fines educativos e informativos y deberá citar la fuente donde la obtuvo mencionando el autor o autores. Cualquier uso distinto como el lucro, reproducción, edición o modificación, será perseguido y sancionado por el respectivo titular de los Derechos de Autor. Para mis Padres y Hermanas, que son mi mundo, mi felicidad y mi conciencia. 2 AGRADECIMIENTOS A DIOS porque gracias a ÉL existo. A mis Padres Gilberto Jiménez y Antonia Arreola B. por todo el apoyo emocional y económico, gracias por permitirme tomar mis propias decisiones, por sus enseñanzas, por su fuerza, por sus esperanzas, por el cariño inagotable y sobre todo por su paciencia. A mis queridas hermanas; Eva, Bety, Titi y Angi, por ser mis mejores amigas, por su preocupación y lo mas importante por creer en mi. -
Diversity of Desmids in Three Thai Peat Swamps*
Biologia 63/6: 901—906, 2008 Section Botany DOI: 10.2478/s11756-008-0140-x Diversity of desmids in three Thai peat swamps* Neti Ngearnpat1, Peter F.M. Coesel2 &YuwadeePeerapornpisal1 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318,NL-1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Three peat swamps situated in the southern part of Thailand were investigated for their desmid flora in relation to a number of physical and chemical habitat parameters. Altogether, 99 species were encountered belonging to 22 genera. 30 species are new records for the Thai desmid flora. Laempagarung peat swamp showed the highest diversity (45 species), followed by Maikhao peat swamp (32 species) and Jud peat swamp (25 species). Despite its relatively low species richness, Jud swamp appeared to house a number of rare taxa, e.g., Micrasterias subdenticulata var. ornata, M. suboblonga var. tecta and M. tetraptera var. siamensis which can be considered Indo-Malaysian endemics. Differences in composition of the desmid flora between the three peat swamps are discussed in relation to environmental conditions. Key words: desmids; ecology; peat swamps; Indo-Malaysian region; Thailand Introduction The desmid flora of Thailand has been investigated by foreign scientists for over a hundred years. The first records of desmids were published by West & West (1901). After that there were reports by Hirano (1967, 1975, 1992), Yamagishi & Kanetsuna (1987), Coesel (2000) and Kanetsuna (2002). The checklist of algae in Thailand (Wongrat 1995) mentions 296 desmid species plus varieties, belonging to 22 different genera. -
Culture and Growth of Closterium Ehrenbergii (Desmidiaceae)
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1979 Culture and growth of Closterium ehrenbergii (Desmidiaceae) David Bruce Renstrom Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Biology Commons, and the Microbiology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Renstrom, David Bruce, "Culture and growth of Closterium ehrenbergii (Desmidiaceae)" (1979). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 2882. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.2876 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. .AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF David Bruce Renstrom for the Master of Science in Biology presented July 23, 1979. Title: Culture and Growth of Closterium ehrenbergii (Desmidiaceae) APPROVED BY MEMBERS OF THE THESIS COMMITTEE: Byron E. Lippert, Chairman Mary L. fraylor (/ Tocher Marc R. Feldesman Methods were devised for the isolation and pure culture in defined mineral medium of Closteriurn ehrenbergii Menegh •. (Chlorophyceae). The effect of pH, type of nitrogen source, nitrate concentration, total hardness, and various buffers on growth were investigated. Best growth rates were obtained at pH 8 to.9, but good growth wa~ observed even at pH 9.4. Nitra~e, ammonia, or urea nitrogen could be utilized, but at concentrations greater than 10-2M urea was toxic to growth. At higher concentrations of ammonia and r 2 nitrate longer lag phases of growth were obtained but eventual higher cell yields were obtained. -
Highlights of Recent Collections of Marine Algae from the Sultanate
ABSTRACTS 1 1 2 PALATABILITY AND CHEMICAL DEFENSES DINOFLAGELLATE GENOMICS: RESULTS OF MACROALGAE IN THE ANTARCTIC FROM AN EST APPROACH PENINSULA Bachvaroff, T. R.1,∗, Herman, E. M.2 & Amsler, C. D.1,∗, Amsler, M. O.1, McClintock, J. B.1, Delwiche, C. F.1 Iken, K. B.1, Hubbard, J. M.1 & Baker, W. J.2 1Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of 1Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; 2Soybean Genomic Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170; 2Department Improvement Laboratory, USDA/ARS, Beltsville, MD of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 20705, USA 33620, USA Dinoflagellates are enigmatic protists with odd nu- We examined palatability of 37 species of nonen- clear features, interesting plastid gene arrangements crusting macroalgae from the Antarctic Peninsula. and a proclivity for endosymbiotic relationships. Rel- This represents approximately 30% of the entire atively little molecular work has been done on di- antarctic macroalgal flora and 75% of the 49 noflagellates, and only a handful of genes have been nonencrusting species we collected. Organic extracts characterized in these organisms. We have begun an from most species were also prepared and mixed Expressed Sequenced Tag (EST) project with the aim into artificial foods. We examined palatability using of collecting plastid targeted but nuclear encoded feeding bioassays with three common, macroalga- genes from peridinin-containing dinoflagellates. This consuming animals (an omnivorous antarctic rock- provides an opportunity to understand the integra- fish, Notothenia coriiceps; an omnivorous sea star, tion of endosymbiont genes into the host cell. Our se- Odontaster validus; and a herbivorous amphipod, Gon- quencing effort has produced about 1000 unique ESTs dogenia antarctica). -
Taxonomy and Nomenclature of the Conjugatophyceae (= Zygnematophyceae)
Review Algae 2013, 28(1): 1-29 http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.001 Open Access Taxonomy and nomenclature of the Conjugatophyceae (= Zygnematophyceae) Michael D. Guiry1,* 1AlgaeBase and Irish Seaweed Research Group, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland The conjugating algae, an almost exclusively freshwater and extraordinarily diverse group of streptophyte green algae, are referred to a class generally known as the Conjugatophyceae in Central Europe and the Zygnematophyceae elsewhere in the world. Conjugatophyceae is widely considered to be a descriptive name and Zygnematophyceae (‘Zygnemophyce- ae’) a typified name. However, both are typified names and Conjugatophyceae Engler (‘Conjugatae’) is the earlier name. Additionally, Zygnemophyceae Round is currently an invalid name and is validated here as Zygnematophyceae Round ex Guiry. The names of orders, families and genera for conjugating green algae are reviewed. For many years these algae were included in the ‘Conjugatae’, initially used as the equivalent of an order. The earliest use of the name Zygnematales appears to be by the American phycologist Charles Edwin Bessey (1845-1915), and it was he who first formally redistrib- uted all conjugating algae from the ‘Conjugatae’ to the orders Zygnematales and the Desmidiales. The family Closte- riaceae Bessey, currently encompassing Closterium and Spinoclosterium, is illegitimate as it was superfluous when first proposed, and its legitimization is herein proposed by nomenclatural conservation to facilitate use of the name. The ge- nus Debarya Wittrock, 1872 is shown to be illegitimate as it is a later homonym of Debarya Schulzer, 1866 (Ascomycota), and the substitute genus name Transeauina Guiry is proposed together with appropriate combinations for 13 species currently assigned to the genus Debarya Wittrock. -
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J. Bio. & Env. Sci. 2020 Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 17, No. 4, p. 10-20, 2020 http://www.innspub.net RESEARCH PAPER OPEN ACCESS Preliminary checklist of desmids from Kokrajhar District, Assam, India Raju Das* BLiSS Laboratory (DBT-GoI), Govt. HS & MP School, Kokrajhar, Assam, India Article published on October 30, 2020 Key words: Desmid, Chlorophyta, Kokrajhar, Assam Abstract This paper presents a precursor in the investigation of the desmids of Kokrajhar District, Assam, India. The present study deals with the diversity of desmids from different freshwater habitats of the district. For this study samples were collected randomly from 12 different habitat around the district during January 2018 to April 2019. Seventy one species were observed comprising eleven genera: Actinotaenium (1), Arthrodesmus (3), Bambusina (1), Closterium (12), Cosmarium (16), Desmidium (4), Euastrum (6), Gonatozygon (1), Hyalotheca (1), Micrasterias (6), Netrium (1), Onychonema (1), Penium (1), Pleuroteanium (5), Spirotaenia (1), Staurastrum (6), Triplocerus (1) and Xanthidium (4). Among the observed taxa some appeared to be the new records for the state of Assam, India. *Corresponding Author: Raju Das [email protected] 10 | Das J. Bio. & Env. Sci. 2020 Introduction desmid flora. For example, in a study of desmids from Desmids are unicellular micro-organisms belonging Eastern Himalaya, Das D & Keshri JP (2012, 2013, to the division Chlorophyta and order Zygnematales 2016) reported 272 taxa under 27 genera. Thus, this (Kadiri, 2002). These are considered as the closest study aims to documents the diversity of Desmids in living relatives of land plants (Timme et al., 2012, Kokrajhar Distrct of Assam, India. -
Desmids (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae) with Cylindrical Morphologies in the Coastal Plains of Northern Bahia, Brazil
Acta Botanica Brasilica 28(1): 17-33. 2014. Desmids (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae) with cylindrical morphologies in the coastal plains of northern Bahia, Brazil Ivania Batista de Oliveira1,3, Carlos Eduardo de Mattos Bicudo2 and Carlos Wallace do Nascimento Moura1 Received: 21 November, 2012. Accepted: 5 September, 2013 ABSTRACT Our knowledge of desmids with cylindrical morphologies in the state of Bahia, Brazil, is quite limited, only 13 such taxa having been described to date. The present study reports the results of a taxonomic inventory of desmids (Des- midiaceae) with cylindrical morphologies from the coastal plains of northern Bahia. During the summer months (January-March) and winter months (June-August) of two separate years (2007 and 2009), we collected a total of 90 samples of planktonic and periphytic material from lotic and lentic environments within three environmentally pro- tected areas within the state (Rio Capivara, Lagoas de Guarajuba, and Litoral Norte). We identified 32 taxa, distributed among six genera (Docidium, Haplotaenium, Ichthyocercus, Pleurotaenium, Tetmemorus, and Triploceras); three were new additions to the algal flora of Brazil (Haplotaenium minutum var. minutum f. maius, Ichthyocercus angolensis, and Pleurotaenium coronatum var. nodulosum). In addition, the geographical distributions of 20 taxa were expanded to include northeastern Brazil. The genus Docidium was reported for the first time in Bahia. Key words: Continental algae, Streptophyta, Taxonomic inventory Introduction With the goal of expanding knowledge of desmids in the state of Bahia, we conducted a taxonomic inventory of The family Desmidiaceae (Desmidiales, Zygnematophy- Desmidiaceae genera with cylindrical morphologies that ceae) comprises unicellular organisms, some uniseriate with occurring in three environmentally protected areas (EPAs) “filamentous” habits or, more rarely, colonial without any in the coastal plains of northern Bahia.