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Las Especies Del Género Alpheus (Decapoda: Alpheidae) De Cuba

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Las Especies Del Género Alpheus (Decapoda: Alpheidae) De Cuba Rev. Biol. Trop .. 44(3)/45( \): 401-429. 1996-1997 Las especies del género Alpheus (Decapoda: Alpheidae) de Cuba Juan Carlos Martínez-Iglesias·. Rubén Ríos2 y Alberto Carvacho1 I Instituto de Occanología. Ave. \". N" \8406. Playa, La Habana. Cuba. CICESE. Apartado 2732. Ensenada. B.C., México. Musco Nacional de Historia Natural. Casilla 787. Sanliago. Chile. (Rcc. 7- VII-1995. Rev. II-XII -I995. Acep. \1-111-1996) Abslrucl: Eighteen spccies or Afpheu.� huve been recorded rroln Cuban marine shallow walcrs: A. wllblyrmyx. A. armil/afllJ, A. IXlhtlme/rsi.f. A. e/Ulcei. A. crislufifrons. A. c)"lindricu.f. A. t.fIIUlritnsi.f. A. floridanu.�. A. !ornw.fUJ. A. lIorm{/llfli. A. fJllrtlcrinirus. A. petJsei. A. poly.fliclus. A. IIwmtui. A. ,'iridan. and A. l1"f'b.Hf'ri. A spccics nOI secn but dcscribcd rroln Cuban walcr.;:. A. ctmdei. is included , as well as othcr six spccies which probably inhabit the Cuban shelr: A. hf'tl'roclUleli.f. A. immacufmu.f. A. inlrin.fecu.f, A. mallttllor. A. nUllinxi. A. .fchmilti. A kcy and figures are prc­ scrucd ror all spccics anOlher spccies-.qill under sludy - is assigned 10 gcnus Alpheu.f. Kcy words: Syslcmatics . decapo<!.AlpheuJ. marine shelf. Cuba. key. laxonorny. La fauna de camarones de las Antillas, de sinónimos para Alp/¡eus. los que. sumados a enorme riqueza y diversidad. ha sido abordada más de 30 modificaciones ortográficas. da co­ en numcrosas publicaciones. El trabajo más mo resultado cerca de 50 fonnas distintas para completo es el de Chace (1972) sobre los carí­ designar a este género. Dc entre ellos merece deos de todas las Antillas. Varios autores han destacarse Crallgoll, utilizado por Albert Ban­ hecho aportes valiosos para algunas zonas en ner en 1953 para su monografía sobre los particular: Lemaitre (1984) en Bahamas; Hen­ "Craogonidae" (=Alpheidae) de Hawaii, que drix (197 1) Y Ahcle y Kim (1986) en Florida; fuera punto de partida de una serie de trabajos. Markham y McDermott (1981) en Bermudas; hoy clásicos, sobre los Alfeidos de Polinesia y Carvacho (1979, 1982) en Guadalupc y Marti­ del Indo-Pacífico. El nombre Crangonidae fue nica; Rodríguez (1980) en Venezuela: Schmitt empleado también por Waldo Schmitt en algu­ en las Antillas Holandesas (1924a y 1936), nos de sus trabajos del Caribe. Puerto Rico (1935), Barbados (1924b) cte. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer una re­ OtfOS trabajos realizados fuera de la región an­ lación actualizada de las especies del género tillana aportan infonnación adicional: Crosnier Alpheus que habitan en las aguas de Cuha. así y Forest (1966), en el Atlántico tropical africa­ como consignar información sohre la distribu­ no; Christoffersen (1979) en el Atlántico occi­ ción geográfica. hábitat y otras nOlas de interés dental sudamericano y Williams (1984) en la derivadas tanto de nuestra investigación como costa oriental de los Estados Unidos. de una extensa revisión bibliográfica. El géncro Alp/¡eus. conocido desde la anti­ güedad. está fo rmado por una gran cantidad de especies y tiene una distribución donde es clara MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS su preferencia por aguas tropicales. La cantidad de literatura taxonómica dedicada a este género El matcrial examinado en este estudio forma es la" numerosa que Holthuis (1993) señala 12 parte de las colecciones del Instituto de Ocea- 402 REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL nalogía del Ministerio de Ciencias. Tecnología Las referencias señaladas para cada especie y Medio Ambienle de Cuba y del Centro de In­ no son exhaustivas y han sido seleccionadas vestigaciones Marinas de la Universidad de La por su valor y/o por la accesibilidad de las pu­ Habana. blicaciones a los investigadores de la región. Se incluyen figuras de las especies, un mapa En la lista de especies no colectadas en Cuba, de las localidades de la plalaforma marina de pero cuya presencia no puede desestimarse, se Cuba en que se encontraron y una clave de las ha escogido sólo una referencia. especies mencionadas en esta contribución. Se utilizan en el texto los siguientes símbo­ Alpheus sp.. que se encuentra en estudio, sólo los y abreviaturas: ma, machos; he, hembras; se menciona a nivel genérico. La clave de iden­ hov, hembras ovrgeras; AJG, arrecife Juan Gar­ tificación incluye. además de las especies estu­ eCa; ACC, arrecife Cayo Cantiles; ADP, arreci­ diadas en este trabajo. algunas otras que, por su fe Diego Pérez (Golfo de Batabanó, SW de Cu­ distribución geográfica en la región pudieran ba); ASC, archipiélago Sabana-Camagüey. estar presentes en aguas cubanas En la Fig. 1 se señala la distribución geográ­ Las lallas corresponden a la longitud del ca­ fica, dentro de Cuba, del material estudiado en parazón, medido por la lrnea media dorsal des­ esta ocasión. de la punta del rostro hasta el borde posterior. Esta es la tercera contribución del proyecto En cada especie se señalan las tallas máximas "Sistemática y Ecologra de Crustáceos Decápo­ encontradas para cada sexo, así como las tallas dos" dentro del convenio de cooperación Cuba­ mínimas de las hembras ovígeras. México. 5. 12 13 A1pheus ombIyonyx l. 2. 3. 9 Alpheus Ofmolus 1. 2. 5 AlpheusQtmillolus 1.2,3,5,7.12,13,14 l' AJG(GoIIo de Botci:xln6. � deCubo) �s bohomeruis 1.2 2· ACC (GotIode 8oIotxr1Ó. �deCIobo) Alpheus bouviell 11 3- ADP(GoIto de 801cDcn6.Qi)o) SoNde Alpheus choc el 6, 15 4· Mocrolog.noGolfo del de Bot CiXl'ó. SoNde Cubo) Alpheus cristulilrons l. 2,3 5- CostorfW de CI.bo(PrOVIncia Ciudad de lo Hcbo'lo Alpheu$ cytindncus 1 A1pheus esfuo,iensis 15 6' 8OOío de C6,def'lOS. costo NW de Cubo (Provilcío de MotCX'\lOS)(ASe) Alpheus flor1donus 1,2.6.8. 10. 12.14 7· BdlioSerllo de Clao.N y Centrode Q.bo (Pr ovnooVÜ3 de Clao) (ASe) Alpheus lormosus 1. 3 8' Cayo le'o'iso,N de Clbo (Provlndode Vilo OOfO) (ASe) �s normaml 4.6. 7. 8. 9. lO. 11. 12. 13 9· Cayo PO}oool del SordO.(Provincio de V�lo Cloro) (ASC) Alpheus poroc,inifus 1 ID· SdeCayo FIOQOSO. NE de CWo (Provi"doVIoCkJo) de Alpheus peasol l. 2 1 l· Cavo Coco (Provildode Ciego de Allio) (ASe) Alpheus polysllctus 5 12' Sdee""" _ Nldee<ba _dee�y) Alpheus thomosl 1 \3. Bohiode NEde Clbo (Provroode CanogUey) Alpheus vtrldo,i 1. 2. 15 JIkJeviIos. Alpheus webslen 1 ", Bonode.>.JuV. NI de e<ba (PIoW1dode�) Alpheus sp. I 14'8<tIío de VIto. NE de Cubo (Pro vincIa de HOIgt.in) Fig. l. Distribución de In... especie.. .. de Alph�us en la plataforma marina de Cuba y ubicación de las localidades citadas en el lrabajo.• J.C. MarUnn-lgleslas ti al.: Alpheus de Cuba 403 RESULTADOS dáctilo de la quela mayor y en la muesca trans­ versal de la superficie me�iodorsal de la misma Familia Alpheidae Rafinesque. 1815 quela: en A. amblyollyx el dáctilo es más bulbo­ Género Alpheus Fabricius. 1798 so y la muesca de la palma es más ancha y me­ nos definida. Ojos completamente cubiertos por el capara­ zón anterior, salvo en vista antero-ventral. Pie­ Alpheus armatus Rathbun. 1901 zas bucales normales, ninguna particularmente (Fig. 3) ensanchada o abullada. (como en Metalpheus Referencias: Rathbun. 1901:10 8. fig.20.­ Coutitre. 1908). Borde posterior del caparazón Knowllon y Keller. 1983:359. fig. 4b; 1985. con muesca cardíaca ("cardiac notch"). Epipo­ fig. 1. ditos presentes al menos en los dos pares ante­ Material examinado: 5 ma. 1 he. AJG. riores de pereiópodos. Dedo móvil del quelípo­ ACC. Costa norte Provincia Ciudad de la Ha­ do mayor normalmente provisto. en la porción bana. Talla máxima: ma. 10.7; he. 9.3 mm. proximal de su borde interno, de un robusto Distribución geográfica: Desde Bahamas y diente de aspecto molar, el que encaja en una Sur de Florida (Estados Unidos) hasta Tobago. cavidad existente en el dedo fijo. Segundo También en península de Yucatán (México) pleópodo del macho con apéndice masculino Hábitat: Asociado la anémona Bartholomea de tamaño normal, de tal modo que no alcanza annulata. Sublitoral al extremo distal de las ramas de dicho pleópo­ Comentarios: Knowllon y Keller (1983. do. El ángulo postero-Iateral del sexto segmen­ 1985) han descrito tres especies gemelas de A. ar­ to abdominal carece de una placa triangular matus (A. immaculatlls, A. polystictlls y A. ro­ móvil (presente en Leptalpheus Williams 1965; quensis), de morfología casi idéntica, pero con Priollalpheus A.H. y D.M. Banner 1960; Alp­ patrones de coloración y conducta consistenle­ heopsis Couti"re 1897 y Neoalpheopsis A.H. mente diferentes. Dado que el material preserva­ Banner 1953). Exópodos de los urópodos pro­ do en alcohol tiende a la decoloración. es alta­ vistos de una sutura transversal. mente probable que algunos de los registros de A. amUltus previos a los trabajos citados correspon­ Alpheus amblyonyx Chace. 1972 dan en realidad a alguna de las otras tres especies. (Fig.2) Referencias: Chace. 1972:59. fig. 16 .- Ray. Alpheus armillatus H. Milne Edwards. 1837 1974: 71. figs. 49 - 50 .- Corredor et al.• 1979: 31. (Fig. 4) Material examinado: 10 ma; 11 he AJG. Referencias: Hendrix. 1971 :59. láms. 3. 4.­ ACC. ADP. ASC. Cayo Pajonal del Sordo. Ta­ Cbace. 1972:62 .- Ray. 1974:75. figs. 51-53- llas máximas. ma: 6.6 mm; he: 7.5 mm; Talla Corredor et al.• 1979:32.- Rodríguez. 1980: mínima. hov: 4,7 mm. 142. fig.40 e-g .- Williams. 1984:92. fig.63 .­ Distribución geográfica: Texas (Estados Martínez-Iglesias. 1986: 8. fig. 3c. Unidos); Veracruz. península de Yucatán. Material examinado: 12 ma. 3 he. 8 hov. Quintana Roo (México); Dominica. Puerto Ri­ AJG. ACC. ADP. NW de Cuba: Vedado. Ciu­ co y SI. Thomas. Islas del Rosario. Atol das dad de La Habana; ASC: B.
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