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BRANCO, Arturo Alejandro Gonzalez Y Rodrigues Branco. O Lobo E O Universidade Federal de Goiás Faculdade de História Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Arturo Alejandro Gonzalez y Rodrigues Branco O Lobo e o Morcego: A cultura popular e o imaginário inglês do século XIX. Goiânia 2009 1 Termo de Ciência e de Autorização para Disponibilizar as Teses e Dissertações Eletrônicas (TEDE) na Biblioteca Digital da UFG Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor, autorizo a Universidade Federal de Goiás–UFG a disponibilizar gratuitamente através da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações – BDTD/UFG, sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o documento conforme permissões assinaladas abaixo, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data. 1. Identificação do material bibliográfico: [ X ] Dissertação [ ] Tese 2. Identificação da Tese ou Dissertação Autor(a): Arturo Alejandro Gonzalez y Rodrigues Branco CPF: 730618671-04 E-mail: [email protected] Seu e-mail pode ser disponibilizado na página? [ X]Sim [] Não Vínculo Empregatício do autor Agência de fomento: Sigla: País: Brasil UF: GO CNPJ: Título: O Lobo e o Morcego A Cultura Popular e o Imaginário Inglês do Século XIX Palavras-chave: Vampiros, Drácula, Inglaterra Vitoriana, Cultura Popular, Século XIX Título em outra língua: The Wolf and the Bat The Popular Culture and the English Imaginary of XIX Century Palavras-chave em outra língua: Vampires, Dracula, Victorian England, Popular Culture, XIX Century. Área de concentração: Culturas, Fronteiras e Identidades Data defesa: (dd/mm/aa) 21/08/2009 Programa de Pós-Graduação: História Orientador(a): Profª.drª. Libertad Borges Bittencourt CPF: E-mail: Co-orientador(a): CPF: E-mail: 3. Informações de acesso ao documento: Liberação para disponibilização?1 [ X ] total [ ] parcial Em caso de disponibilização parcial, assinale as permissões: [ ] Capítulos. Especifique: __________________________________________________ [ ] Outras restrições: _____Gostaria que não fosse divulgado os anexos. Havendo concordância com a disponibilização eletrônica, torna-se imprescindível o envio do(s) arquivo(s) em formato digital PDF ou DOC da tese ou dissertação. O Sistema da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações garante aos autores, que os arquivos contendo eletronicamente as teses e ou dissertações, antes de sua disponibilização, receberão procedimentos de segurança, criptografia (para não permitir cópia e extração de conteúdo, permitindo apenas impressão fraca) usando o padrão do Acrobat. Arturo Alejandro G. y R. Branco Data: 27 /07 /2009 1 Em caso de restrição, esta poderá ser mantida por até um ano a partir da data de defesa. A extensão deste prazo suscita justificativa junto à coordenação do curso. Todo resumo e metadados ficarão sempre disponibilizados. 2 Arturo Alejandro Gonzalez y Rodrigues Branco O Lobo e o Morcego: A cultura popular e o imaginário inglês do século XIX. Dissertação apresentada ao Curso de Pós- Graduação/Mestrado em História da Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Filosofia da Universidade Federal de Goiás Área de concentração: Culturas, Fronteiras e Identidades. Linha de Pesquisa: Imaginário, Fronteiras e Culturas de Migração. Orientadora: Professora Dr. Libertad Borges Bittencourt Goiânia 2009 3 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação-na-Publicação (CIP) (GPT/BC/UFG) Rodrigues Branco, Arturo Alejandro Gonzalez y. R696l O lobo e o morcego: a cultura popular e o imaginário inglês do século XIX [manuscrito] / Arturo Alejandro Gonzalez y Rodrigues Branco. – 2009. 171 f. : il., figs., tabs. Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Libertad Borges Bittencourt. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal de Goiás, Facul- dade de História, 2009. Bibliografia: f. 165-171. 1. Cultura popular – Séc. XIX 2. Vampiros – Séc. XIX I. Bittencourt, Libertad Borges II. Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de História. III. Título. CDU: 008:398. 21”18” 4 Arturo Alejandro G. y R. Branco O Lobo e o Morcego: A cultura popular e o imaginário inglês do século XIX. Dissertação defendida no Curso de Mestrado em História da Faculdade de História da Universidade Federal de Goiás, para a obtenção do grau de Mestre, defendida em ________ de ____________________ de ___________ perante a banca examinadora composta pelos professores: ______________________________________________________________________ Profª Drª Libertad Borges Bittencourt (Orientadora) – UFG Presidente da Banca ______________________________________________________________________ Prof Dr Valmor da Silva – UCG ______________________________________________________________________ Profª Drª Fabiana de Souza Fredrigo – UFG ______________________________________________________________________ Profª Drª Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves– UFG Suplente 5 Aos exploradores da história que, como eu, já se embrenharam nos cantos escuros do mundo em busca de monstros e segredos. E retornaram para contar a história. 6 Agradecimentos A Profª Drª Libertad Borges Bittencourt, Profª Drª Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves e Profª Drª Fabiana de Souza Fredrigo, por terem me auxiliado sobremaneira no longo caminho até esta dissertação. A Sabine Baring-Gould (in memoriam), Raymond McNally (in memoriam) e Radu Florescu, pela inspiração que me deram na pesquisa das origens da figura do vampiro. A Radu Carciumaru e Elizabeth Miller, por me ajudarem pessoalmente, com livros, dicas e conselhos sobre como desenvolver todo este trabalho. Ao Prof. Dr. Ion Patroi, Prof. Dr. Ion Deaconescu, Prof. Liviu Ilie, Profª. Drª. Ramona Stanciu, Profª. Drª. Felicia e Profª. Anca Parmena Popescu, que me receberam na Romênia e me auxiliaram de todas as maneiras possíveis. 7 Resumo Esta dissertação foi escrita tendo como principal objetivo o desvelamento do processo pelo qual a cultura popular de um povo politicamente oprimido acabou por ser ressignificada por seu opressor e então introduzida no imaginário deste, como símbolo do imaginário literário e artístico, a fim de corroborar a ideologia neo-colonialista, sendo usada para o desmerecimento do povo em questão. O vampiro, na cultura popular, representa o mal supremo, para estes, os estrangeiros que não compartilham de sua religião e de sua simbologia, que é amaldiçoado pela divindade e obrigado a vagar pela terra dos vivos, mesmo estando morto. Perscrutando esta personagem do imaginário popular, o estudioso inglês Sabine Baring-Gould o traduz e o ressignifica para a cultura de massas da Inglaterra Vitoriana. O mal representado pelo vampiro passa a ser não mais o que era estrangeiro para os povos dos Bálcãs, mas o estrangeiro para a perspectiva dos ingleses, o homem incivilizado nativo das colônias. Baseando-se em Baring-Gould, Bram Stoker escreve sua obra de ficção gótica, Drácula, como forma de difundir, entre os cidadãos vitorianos, os valores neo-colonialistas de castidade, honra, civilização e xenofobia. O livro de Stoker, além de ser uma obra de entretenimento extremamente popular, também se destaca por exaltar o cidadão do mundo civilizado, isto é, as metrópoles coloniais, em suas relações de dominação para com as pessoas das colônias, dos cantos escuros da Terra, apresentando estas como monstros incivilizados, capazes das maiores atrocidades. Palavras Chave: Vampiros, Drácula, Inglaterra Vitoriana, Cultura Popular, Século XIX 8 Abstract This thesis was written to uncover the process were a cultural symbol of a political oppressed people gets in possession of their oppressors, is modified, inserted in their literary imaginary, and then used by the neocolonialist ideology to disqualify the oppressed people‟s culture. The vampire, in popular culture, represents the supreme evil, for them, the foreigners, which do not have the same religion and simbology, being cursed by their God and obligated to walk on the living world, even after death. Studding this character of the popular imaginary, the english intellectual Sabine Baring-Gould change and bring it to the Victorian England mass culture. The evil represented by the vampire is no more the one that was exotic for the Balcanic people, but the foreigner for the english perspective, the uncivilized natives from the colonies. Based in Sabine Baring-Gould, Bram Stoker wrote his gothic fiction book, Drácula, as a way to propagate, for the Victorian citizens, the neocolonialist values of chastity, honor, civilization and xenophobia. Stoker‟s book, besides being a very popular entertainment book, is also famous for the exaltations to the civilized world denizen, the inhabitant of the colonial potencies, in their dominance relationship over the colonial people, the inhabitants of the dark corners of the world, presenting them as monsters capable of the worst depravations. Key Words: Vampires, Dracula, Victorian England, Popular Culture, XIX Century. 9 Sumário RESUMO............................................................................................................. pg. 06 ABSTRACT......................................................................................................... pg. 07 INTRODUÇÃO................................................................................................... pg. 11 CAPÍTULO 01: O IMAGINÁRIO E A CULTURA POPULAR NO SÉCULO XIX: AS APROPRIAÇÕES DA FIGURA DO VAMPIRO E DO LOBISOMEM......... pg. 16 O imaginário como substrato do objeto de pesquisa......................................... pg. 18 Cultura popular, cultura de massas e cultura pop como categorias de aproximação ao objeto de pesquisa .............................................. ...........................................................
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