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Characterizations of Mina Murray and Lucy Westenra As the Representation of Victorian Women in Bram Stoker’S Dracula

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Characterizations of Mina Murray and Lucy Westenra As the Representation of Victorian Women in Bram Stoker’S Dracula CHARACTERIZATIONS OF MINA MURRAY AND LUCY WESTENRA AS THE REPRESENTATION OF VICTORIAN WOMEN IN BRAM STOKER’S DRACULA AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By JEFF REINHARD Student Number: O24214119 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2009 CHARACTERIZATIONS OF MINA MURRAY AND LUCY WESTENRA AS THE REPRESENTATION OF VICTORIAN WOMEN IN BRAM STOKER’S DRACULA AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By JEFF REINHARD Student Number: O24214119 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2009 i AMAZING GRACE AMAZING GRACE HOW SWEET THE SOUND THAT SAVE A WRETCH LIKE ME I ONCE WAS LOST BUT NOW I’M FOUND WAS BLIND BUT NOW I SEE I WAS GRACE THAT TAUGHT MY HEART TO FEAR AND GRACE MY FEAR RELIEVED HOW PRECIOUS DID THAT GRACE APEAR THE HOUR I FIRST BELIEVE THROUGH MANY DANGERS TAIL AND SNARES I HAVE ALREADY COME THIS GRACE HAS BROUGHT ME SAVE THIS FAR AND GRACE WILL LEAD ME HOME JOHN NEWTON iv This undergraduate thesis is dedicated to The Almighty Jesus Christ My Lovely Mother and My Brother v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma : Nama : JEFF REINHARD Nomor Mahasiswa : 024214119 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul : CHARACTERIZATION OF MINA MURRAY AND LUCY WESTENRA AS THE REPRESENTATION OF VICTORIAN WOMEN IN BRAM STOKER’S DRACULA beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, me- ngalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di Internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya maupun mem- berikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini yang saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal : 3 September 2009 Yang menyatakan ( JEFF REINHARD ) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude to Jesus Christ, the most compassionate for the unlimited love, strength and guidance that have been given to me so that I finally can finish this thesis. I do realize that this thesis could not be accomplished without the help of others. Therefore, I also thank Him for giving me chances to meet the wonderful people who are willing to accompany, help and support me in facing this step of life. I thank God for giving me a very super duper Mother, Irma Maria Jacqueline, who always prays for me, gives me unlimited love me and support me when I was down. To my elder brother, Joe Roosevelt, I thank him for being an outstanding brother. To my cousin Yvone Valerijn Wattiheluw, I thank her for being a splendid big sister during my study in Yogyakarta. In this opportunity, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my Advisor and Co-Advisor, Dewi Widyastuti, S.Pd., M.Hum. and Elisa Dwi Wardani, S.S., M.Hum who have provided their precious time for reading, encourage, patience, care and guiding me during my thesis writing process. May God always bestow His blessing on them. I also would like to express my heartfelt appreciation to all the lecturers of the English Letters Department for their guidance and willingness to share their knowledge to me, the members of secretariat staff for their best service, and the librarian staff of Sanata Dharma University for their kind service and useful co- operation. vi My special thanks to all my friends in group C - 2002 especially PRUE family: Dian Sastra, Nana Dalem, “Dora” Debora, Kartika Andeng2, Rudy “Alam”, Ferdi “Gendut”, Alfa Batam, Nico the Sailor Man, Gatot “Danang” Hendy, “Sreek” Harjanto, Yeremias Nardji, Fitra Sunny and Suryo Pramono DIY. I thank them for all the wonderful friendship and adventures that we had, it means a lot for me and also all my friends in “Panggung Boneka”, I thank them for all experiences that we share. For YPA, I thank her for our special moment even it’s only a moment. Last but not least, I thank my fellow comrades who still struggle for the better future. God bless them all. Jeff Reinhard vii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i APPROVAL PAGE ……………….………………………………………. ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE …………………………………………………… iii MOTTO PAGE …………………………………………………………… iv DEDICATION PAGE …………………………………………………….. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……………………………………………….. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………….. viii ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………. x ABSTRAK ………………………………………………………………... xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ………………………………………. 1 A. Background of the Study ……………………………………….. 1 B. Problem Formulation …………………………………………….. 5 C. Definition of Terms ……………………………………………… 6 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW ……………………………. 8 A. Review of Related Studies ………………………………………. 8 B. Review of Related Theories ……………………………………... 11 1. Theories on Character and Characterization …………….. 11 2. Theories on Representation ……………………..………. 14 3. Theories of Literature and Society ………………………. 15 C. Review of Victorian Women Historical Background ………….... 16 D. Theoretical Framework ………………………………………….. 19 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY …………………………………….. 21 A. Object of the Study ……………………………………………… 21 B. Approach of the Study …………………………………………… 22 C. Method of the Study ……………………………………………... 23 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ……………………………………………... 24 A. The Description of Mina Murray and Lucy Westenra …………... 24 1. The Description of Mina Murray ………………………. 24 2. The Description of Lucy Westenra …………………….. 31 B. The Representation of Women in the Victorian Age ………...…. 34 viii CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ………………………………………….. 49 BIBLIOGRAPHY ………………………………………………………... 53 APPENDIX: Summary of the Novel ……………………………………. 55 ix ABSTRACT JEFF REINHARD. CHARACTERIZATIONS OF MINA MURRAY AND LUCY WESTENRA AS THE REPRESENTATION OF VICTORIAN WOMEN IN BRAM STOKER’S DRACULA. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2009. Bram Stoker writes Dracula in an epistolary style that makes it interesting to study. The novel represents women in the Victorian Age that become the goal of this thesis. In the Victorian Age, there are many issue of women related to their attitude in the Victorian society. Such condition is worth studying in order to see whether or not the characteristic of Mina Murray and Lucy Westenra in the novel is the representation of women in the Victorian Age. This undergraduate thesis analyzes two main problems. The first one is revealing the characteristics of Mina and Lucy. The characteristics will then be analyzed further in order to reach the actual goal of the thesis which is to obtain the understanding on what really happen to women in Victorian Age through the characteristics of Mina and Lucy. The analysis of the novel was conducted through library research using related books, articles and internet resources. In conducting the study, first the characteristic of Mina and Lucy which are going to be discussed were analyzed using theory on character and characterization. The final step was answering the second problem which will be analyzed by using theory of representation and the relation between literature and society to see is it true that those characteristics represent the Victorian women life. In the novel, Mina is smart and beautiful young woman. She also has a warm personality, strong will to do her best, a hard worker, loves to cook, and she also has rebellious personality inside of her. Lucy is a very attractive young woman. She has a beautiful heart, cares and appreciates other people. She does not want to hurt somebody’s heart. She is honest and kind. Mina and Lucy characteristic are representing certain issue of women related to their attitude in the Victorian society such as firstly a woman working hard to study and learn many thing just to ensnare men and not to prepare themselves for work, secondly women getting married to get a status in the society, thirdly women should give a birth and become a mother because women who can not give birth at that time will be labeled inadequate or a failure by the society, fourth a woman has to wear a dress which covers her skin because their body belongs to their husband so they have to keep their body pure, fifth women should have a good manner and watch their language when they talks with other so they do not hurt somebody’s feelings, and sixth women supposed to have more deep sense on humanity then men. From the analysis performed, it is known that their characteristics in the novel Dracula are representing the real condition of women in the Victorian Age. x ABSTRAK JEFF REINHARD. CHARACTERIZATIONS OF MINA MURRAY AND LUCY WESTENRA AS THE REPRESENTATION OF VICTORIAN WOMEN IN BRAM STOKER’S DRACULA. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma, 2009. Bram Stoker menulis Dracula dalam bentuk “epistolary” yang membuatnya menarik untuk dipelajari. Novel ini menggambarkan wanita pada zaman Victoria yang menjadi tujuan utama dari skripsi ini. Banyak permasalahan tentang wanita yang berkaitan dengan sikap mereka di dalam masyarakat Victoria. Kondisi seperti ini sangat berguna untuk dipelajari untuk melihat apakah karakteristik dari
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