DOCSLIB.ORG

Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya Briefing Book

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya Briefing Book Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya Briefing Book Prepared for: Improving Linkages Between CEPF and World Bank Operations, Africa Forum, Cape Town, South Africa—April 25 –27, 2005 EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINS AND COASTAL FORESTS OF TANZANIA AND KENYA BRIEFING BOOK Table of Contents I. The Investment Plan • Ecosystem Profile Fact Sheet • Ecosystem Profile II. Implementation • Overview of CEPF’s Portfolio in the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya o Charts of Portfolio o Conservation Outcomes Map • Project Map • List of grants III. Conservation Highlights • E-News • Other Highlights IV. Leveraging CEPF Investments • Table of Leveraged Funds CEPF FACT SHEET Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya CEPF INVESTMENT PLANNED IN REGION The Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya $7 million region runs along the coasts of these two East African countries and includes Zanzibar. QUICK FACTS The region has two distinct habitats - the Coastal Forests and the Eastern In Tanzania, water flowing from the Eastern Arc Mountains. Together, they harbor at least 1,500 plant species found Arc forests is the source of 90 percent of the nowhere else, as well as unique mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. country's hydroelectric power. The forests are There are 333 globally threatened species, including the Critically Endan- also the source of water for major cities. gered Aders’ duiker (Cephalophus adersi) and the Endangered Zanzibar or Kirk’s red colobus (Procolobus kirkii), found only in Zanzibar’s Jozani Forest. While the Eastern Arc forests once covered more than 23,000 square kilometers in both Kenya and Tanzania, more recent estimates Previously classified as a biodiversity hotspot itself, the region now lies within place the remaining forest cover as low as two hotspots—the Eastern Afromontane Hotspot and the Coastal Forests of 2,000 square kilometers. Eastern Africa Hotspot—identified as part of a hotspots reappraisal released in 2005. Hotspots are Earth’s biologically richest places. They hold especially Five monkey species and at least four high numbers of species found nowhere else and face extreme threats: Each species of prosimian primates are unique, or hotspot has already lost at least 70 percent of its original natural vegetation. endemic, to this region. Found only along the Tana River in Kenya, the Tana River red THREATS colobus is Critically Endangered. Only The habitats are notably fragmented, making threatened species within key 1,000-1,200 of the Critically Endangered sites highly vulnerable to extinction and further habitat loss. Agricultural Zanzibar red colobus remain in the wild. encroachment, timber extraction and charcoal production are the greatest The region is home to 20 out of 21 species of threats to habitat in this region, although weak management capacity within the African violet, which form the basis of a government and communities is a serious issue. global houseplant trade. The Eastern Arc Mountains comprise a chain of 12 mountain blocks stretching some 900 kilometers from Tanzania to Kenya. The Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya region runs along the Tanzanian and Kenyan coasts and includes Zanzibar. 1919 M STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036, USA. 1.202.912.1808 FAX 1.202.912.1045 Updated March 2005 www.cepf.net CEPF STRATEGY ABOUT US Within the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests, the Critical CEPF is a joint initiative of Conservation Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) aims to improve knowledge and International (CI), the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the John appreciation of biodiversity among the local populations and stimulate D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation support for conservation. In conjunction with this, a commitment to scien- and the World Bank. CI acts as the adminis- tific best practices will improve biological knowledge in the region and show trative partner. practical applications of conservation science. CEPF provides strategic assistance to The strategy is underpinned by conservation outcomes—targets against which nongovernmental organizations, community the success of investments can be measured. These targets are defined at three groups and other civil society partners to levels: species (extinctions avoided), sites (areas protected) and landscapes help safeguard biodiversity hotspots—the (biodiversity conservation corridors created). biologically richest and most threatened areas on Earth. A fundamental goal is to ensure civil society is engaged in conserving As a result, CEPF investment is focused on conserving the region’s 333 the hotspots. globally threatened species, which are primarily found in 160 sites. In addition, key parts of the strategy focus on five select sites for maximum In the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal impact (see strategic directions below). The strategy also includes a special Forests region, a coordination unit of four focus on the linkages between people and biodiversity conservation. organizations guides CEPF investments and works directly with stakeholders to ensure an The five-year strategy, called an ecosystem profile and approved by the CEPF effective, efficient and coordinated approach Donor Council in 2003, builds on the results of a number of studies and to achieve the outcomes. workshops with diverse stakeholders. CEPF began awarding grants in this The groups are the BirdLife International- region in 2004 and, together with partners, is now actively managing and Africa Secretariat, the International Centre expanding its investment portfolio. for Insect Physiology and Ecology, the Tanzania Forest Conservation Group and the STRATEGIC FUNDING DIRECTIONS WWF East African Regional Programme CEPF investments in the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests are Office. In Kenya, the BirdLife Partner is guided by five strategic directions and related investment priorities that were Nature Kenya and in Tanzania, the Wildlife agreed upon at a stakeholders meeting in March 2003. Each project must be Conservation Society of Tanzania. linked to one of the strategic directions to be approved for funding: 1. Increase the ability of local populations to benefit from and contribute to biodiversity conservation, especially in and around Lower Tana River HOW TO LEARN MORE Forests; Taita Hills; East Usambaras/Tanga; Udzungwas; and For more information about CEPF, the Jozani Forest strategy for this region and how to apply for grants, visit www.cepf.net. 2. Restore and increase connectivity among fragmented forest patches, especially in Lower Tana River Forests; Taita Hills; East Usambaras/Tanga; and Udzungwas 3. Improve biological knowledge (all 160 sites eligible) 4. Establish a small grants program (all 160 sites eligible) that focuses on Critically Endangered species and small-scale efforts to increase connec- tivity of biologically important habitat patches 5. Develop and support efforts for further fundraising 1919 M STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036, USA. 1.202.912.1808 FAX 1.202.912.1045 Updated March 2005 www.cepf.net ECOSYSTEM PROFILE EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINS & COASTAL FORESTS OF TANZANIA & KENYA Final version July 31, 2003 (updated: march 2005) Prepared by: Conservation International International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology In collaboration with: Nature Kenya Wildlife Conservation Society of Tanzania With the technical support of: Centre for Applied Biodiversity Science - Conservation International East African Herbarium National Museums of Kenya Missouri Botanical Garden Tanzania Forest Conservation Group Zoology Department, University of Dar es Salaam WWF Eastern Africa Regional Programme Office WWF United States And a special team for this ecosystem profile: Neil Burgess Tom Butynski Ian Gordon Quentin Luke Peter Sumbi John Watkin Assisted by experts and contributors: KENYA Hamdan Sheha Idrissa Perkin Andrew Barrow Edmund Howell Kim Verberkmoes Anne Marie Gakahu Chris Kajuni A R Ward Jessica Githitho Anthony Kilahama Felician Kabii Tom Kafumu George R BELGIUM Kimbwereza Elly D Kabugi Hewson Lens Luc Kanga Erustus Lejora Inyasi A.V. Matiku Paul Lulandala Luther Mbora David Mallya Felix UK Mugo Robinson Mariki Stephen Burgess Neil Ndugire Naftali Masayanyika Sammy Odhiambo Peter Mathias Lema USA Thompson Hazell Milledge Simon Brooks Thomas Wandago Ben Mlowe Edward Gereau Roy Mpemba Erastp Langhammer Penny Msuya Charles TANZANIA Ocker Donnell Mungaya Elias Sebunya Kaddu Baldus Rolf D Mwasumbi Leonard Bhukoli Alice Struhsaker Tom Salehe John Wieczkowski Julie Doggart Nike Stodsrod Jan Erik Howlett David Tapper Elizabeth Hewawasam Indu Offninga Esther Editing assistance by Ian Gordon, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology ii CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................................................5 THE ECOSYSTEM PROFILE............................................................................................................................................5 BACKGROUND......................................................................................................................................................................6 Geography of the Hotspot.........................................................................................7 The Eastern Arc Mountains ......................................................................................8 The
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Leeds Thesis Template
    Long-term Changes in Land Cover and Carbon Storage in Tanzania, East Africa Simon Willcock Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Geography August 2012 - ii - The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own, except where work which has formed part of jointly-authored publications has been included. The contribution of the candidate and the other authors to this work has been explicitly indicated below. The candidate confirms that appropriate credit has been given within the thesis where reference has been made to the work of others. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 are the result of collaborations. These jointly-authored manuscripts were led by Simon Willcock. The data used in these manuscripts includes those from a collaborative database of unpublished plot data. Contributions to the collaborative dataset came from PP, AA, ND, KD, EF, JG, JH, KH, ARM, BM, PKTM, NO, EJTJ and RDS (see author list below). All analyses were performed by Simon Willcock, supervised by Oliver Phillips and Simon Lewis. The manuscripts were prepared by Simon Willcock, supervised by Oliver Phillips and Simon Lewis. Additional input was provided by AB, PP, NDD and RM. Author list – The authors, their affiliations and email addresses are described below: Simon Willcock, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. [email protected] Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. [email protected] Philip J. Platts, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. University of York, York, UK. [email protected] Andrew Balmford, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nomination of the Eastern Arc World Heritage Property
    United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage NOMINATION OF PROPERTIES FOR INCLUSION ON THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST SERIAL NOMINATION: EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINS FORESTS OF TANZANIA United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism January 2010 Eastern Arc Mountains Forests of Tanzania CONTENTS EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINS WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION PROCESS ......................................2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...............................................................................................................................................4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................................5 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROPERTY........................................................................................................9 1. A COUNTRY ................................................................................................................................9 1. B STATE , PROVINCE OR REGION ..................................................................................................9 1. C NAME OF THE PROPERTY .........................................................................................................9 1. D GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES TO THE NEAREST SECOND ..........................................................9 1. D MAPS AND PLANS , SHOWING THE BOUNDARIES OF THE NOMINATED PROPERTY AND
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Cover and Change for the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya Circa 2000 to Circa 2010
    Forest cover and change for the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya circa 2000 to circa 2010 Final report Karyn Tabor, Japhet J. Kashaigili, Boniface Mbilinyi, and Timothy M. Wright Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.1 Biodiversity Values of the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests ....................................... 2 1.2 The threats to the forests ............................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Trends in deforestation ................................................................................................................. 6 1.4 The importance of monitoring ...................................................................................................... 8 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 study area ............................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Mapping methodology ........................................................................................................................ 8 2.3 Habitat change statistics ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Map validation
    [Show full text]
  • Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 1988
    - Annals v,is(i- of the Missouri Botanical Garden 1988 # Volume 75 Number 1 Volume 75, Number ' Spring 1988 The Annals, published quarterly, contains papers, primarily in systematic botany, con- tributed from the Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Papers originating outside the Garden will also be accepted. Authors should write the Editor for information concerning arrangements for publishing in the ANNALS. Instructions to Authors are printed on the inside back cover of the last issue of each volume. Editorial Committee George K. Rogers Marshall R. Crosby Editor, Missouri B Missouri Botanical Garden Editorial is. \I,,S ouri Botanu •al Garde,, John I). Dwyer Missouri Botanical Garden Saint Louis ( niversity Petei • Goldblatt A/I.S.S ouri Botanic al Garder Henl : van der W< ?rff V//.S.S ouri Botanic tor subscription information contact Department IV A\NM.S OK Tin: Missot m Boi >LM« M G\KDE> Eleven, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. Sub- (ISSN 0026-6493) is published quarterly by the scription price is $75 per volume U.S., $80 Canada Missouri Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove Av- and Mexico, $90 all other countries. Airmail deliv- enue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second class postage ery charge, $35 per volume. Four issues per vol- paid at St. Louis, MO and additional mailing offices. POSTMAS'IKK: Send ad«lrt— changes to Department i Botanical Garden 1988 REVISED SYNOPSIS Grady L. Webster2 and Michael J. Huft" OF PANAMANIAN EUPHORBIACEAE1 ABSTRACT species induded in \ • >,H The new taxa ai I. i i " I ! I _- i II • hster, Tragia correi //,-," |1 U !.
    [Show full text]
  • Ixoroideae– Rubiaceae
    IAWA Journal, Vol. 21 (4), 2000: 443–455 WOOD ANATOMY OF THE VANGUERIEAE (IXOROIDEAE– RUBIACEAE), WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON SOME GEOFRUTICES by Frederic Lens1, Steven Jansen1, Elmar Robbrecht2 & Erik Smets1 SUMMARY The Vanguerieae is a tribe consisting of about 500 species ordered in 27 genera. Although this tribe is mainly represented in Africa and Mada- gascar, Vanguerieae also occur in tropical Asia, Australia, and the isles of the Pacific Ocean. This study gives a detailed wood anatomical de- scription of 34 species of 15 genera based on LM and SEM observa- tions. The secondary xylem is homogeneous throughout the tribe and fits well into the Ixoroideae s.l. on the basis of fibre-tracheids and dif- fuse to diffuse-in-aggregates axial parenchyma. The Vanguerieae in- clude numerous geofrutices that are characterised by massive woody branched or unbranched underground parts and slightly ramified un- branched aboveground twigs. The underground structures of geofrutices are not homologous; a central pith is found in three species (Fadogia schmitzii, Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri and Tapiphyllum cinerascens var. laetum), while Fadogiella stigmatoloba shows central primary xylem which is characteristic of roots. Comparison of underground versus aboveground wood shows anatomical differences in vessel diameter and in the quantity of parenchyma and fibres. Key words: Vanguerieae, Rubiaceae, systematic wood anatomy, geo- frutex. INTRODUCTION The Vanguerieae (Ixoroideae–Rubiaceae) is a large tribe consisting of about 500 spe- cies and 27 genera. Tropical Africa is the centre of diversity (about 80% of the species are found in Africa and Madagascar), although the tribe is also present in tropical Asia, Australia, and the isles of the Pacific Ocean (Bridson 1987).
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Health Monitoring in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Kenya and Tanzania: a Baseline Report on Selected Forest Reserves
    Forest Health Monitoring in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Kenya and Tanzania: a baseline report on selected forest reserves Seif Madoffe, James Mwang’ombe, Barbara O’Connell, Paul Rogers, Gerard Hertel, and Joe Mwangi Dedicated to three team members, Professor Joe Mwangi, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya and Forest Department, Nairobi; Mr. Charles Kisena Mabula, Tanzania Forest Research Institute, Lushoto, and Mr. Onesmus Mwanganghi, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, who passed away shortly after the completion of the field work for this project. They will always be remembered. FHM EAM Baseline Report Acknowledgements Cooperating Agencies, Organizations, Institutions, and Individuals USDA Forest Service 1. Region 8, Forest Health Protection, Atlanta, GA – Denny Ward 2. Engineering (WO) – Chuck Dull 3. International Forestry (WO) – Marc Buccowich, Mellisa Othman, Cheryl Burlingame, Alex Moad 4. Remote Sensing Application Center, Salt Lake City, UT – Henry Lachowski, Vicky C. Johnson 5. Northeastern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA – Barbara O’Connell, Kathy Tillman 6. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, UT – Paul Rogers 7. Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry, Newtown Square, PA – Gerard Hertel US Agency for International Development 1. Washington Office – Mike Benge, Greg Booth, Carl Gallegos, Walter Knausenberger 2. Nairobi, Kenya – James Ndirangu 3. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania – Dan Moore, Gilbert Kajuna Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania (Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation) – Seif Madoffe, R.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Review of Conservation Trust Funds May 2008
    CONSERVATION FINANCE ALLIANCE Working Group on Environmental Funds Rapid Review of Conservation Trust Funds May 2008 Second Edition Prepared by Barry Spergel and Philippe Taïeb Rapid Review of Conservation Trust Funds The CFA’s Working Group on Environmental Funds was created in 2007 to encourage promotion, knowledge transfer and exchange about environmental funds in support of the protection of global biodiversity. Members of CFA Working Group on Environmental Funds Brazilian Biodiversity Fund (FUNBIO) Capital Hotel Management Conservation International (CI) European Commission (EC) French Development Agency (AFD) French Global Environment Facility (FFEM) Global Environment Facility (GEF) German Development Bank (KfW) Latin American and Caribbean Network of Environmental Funds (RedLAC) Mesoamerican Reef Fund (MAR) National Environmental Fund (FAN – Ecuador) Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) The Nature Conservancy (TNC) US Agency for International Development (USAID) US Department of Treasury Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) The World Bank World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Citation Conservation Finance Alliance (CFA). 2008. Rapid Review of Conservation Trust Funds. Prepared for the CFA Working Group on Environmental Funds by Barry Spergel and Philippe Taïeb. Rapid Review of Conservation Trust Funds TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary I. Background and Methodology 1 II. Purposes and Roles of Conservation Trust Funds 4 III. Strategic Planning, Grantmaking and Administrative Costs 10 IV. Funding Protected Areas’ Recurrent Costs and Financial Gap Analysis 14 V. Monitoring and Evaluating Impacts on Biodiversity 22 VI. Board and Governance Issues 27 VII. Legal and Tax Issues 37 VIII. Fundraising 44 IX. Investment Management 50 X. Conservation Trust Funds in Africa 60 XI. Advantages and Disadvantages of Conservation Trust Funds 68 Rapid Review of Conservation Trust Funds ANNEXES A.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Five Years of CEPF Investment in the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya
    Assessing Five Years of CEPF Investment in the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya A Special Report June 2009 1 CONTENTS Overview …………………………………………………………………………………. …………… 3 CEPF Five-Year Logical Framework Reporting……………………………………………………….. 24 Appendices …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32 2 OVERVIEW Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) investment in the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya commenced in June 2003 with the approval of an ecosystem profile developed with stakeholders and a grant allocation of $7 million to be awarded over five years. The Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests shelter one of the greatest densities of plant and vertebrate species found nowhere else, or endemic, in the world. Juxtaposed with a high degree of forest fragmentation and threats, this area is considered among the areas most likely to witness the extinction of species in the near future. The Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests comprise part of the larger Eastern Afromontane and Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa biodiversity hotspots, respectively. At the time the ecosystem profile was prepared, the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests region was classified as a biodiversity hotspot itself. However, a reappraisal of the hotspots released in 2005 divided this region and placed it within the two newly identified hotspots mentioned above. The profile and CEPF investments focused strictly on the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Kenya and Tanzania that comprise the original hotspot. This report aims to assess the impact made possible by CEPF investment and is based upon grant recipients’ project performance and final reports. All available final reports can be accessed from the publications section of the CEPF Web site, www.cepf.net.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com10/09/2021 12:24:23AM Via Free Access 2 IAWA Journal, Vol
    IAWA Journal, Vol. 26 (1), 2005: 1-68 WOOD ANATOMY OF THE SUBFAMILY EUPHORBIOIDEAE A comparison with subfamilies Crotonoideae and Acalyphoideae and the implications for the circumscription of the Euphorbiaceae Alberta M. W. Mennega Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Utrecht University branch, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 es Utrecht, The Netherlands SUMMARY The wood anatomy was studied of 82 species from 34 out of 54 genera in the subfamily Euphorbioideae, covering all five tribes recognized in this subfamily. In general the woods show a great deal of similarity. They are charac­ terized by a relative paucity of vessels, often arranged in short to long, dumbbell-shaped or twin, radial multiples, and by medium-sized to large intervessel pits; fibres often have gelatinous walls; parenchyma apotracheal in short, wavy, narrow bands and diffuse-in-aggregates; mostly uni- or only locally biseriate rays, strongly heterocellular (except Hippomane, Hura and Pachystroma). Cell contents, either silica or crystals, or both together, are nearly always present and often useful in distinguishing between genera. Radiallaticifers were noticed in most genera, though they are scarce and difficult to trace. The laticifers are generally not surrounded by special cells, except in some genera of the subtribe Euphorbiinae where radiallaticifers are comparatively frequent and conspicuous. Three ofthe five tribes show a great deal of conformity in their anatomy. Stomatocalyceae, however, stand apart from the rest by the combination of the scarcity of vessels, and mostly biseriate, vertically fused and very tall rays. Within Euphorbieae the subtribe Euphorbiinae shows a greater vari­ ation than average, notably in vessel pitting, the frequent presence of two­ celled parenchyma strands, and in size and frequency of the laticifers.
    [Show full text]
  • Burkholderia in Rubiaceae
    Symbiotic ß-Proteobacteria beyond Legumes: Burkholderia in Rubiaceae Brecht Verstraete1*, Steven Janssens1, Erik Smets1,2, Steven Dessein3 1 Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands, 3 National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise, Belgium Abstract Symbiotic ß-proteobacteria not only occur in root nodules of legumes but are also found in leaves of certain Rubiaceae. The discovery of bacteria in plants formerly not implicated in endosymbiosis suggests a wider occurrence of plant-microbe interactions. Several ß-proteobacteria of the genus Burkholderia are detected in close association with tropical plants. This interaction has occurred three times independently, which suggest a recent and open plant-bacteria association. The presence or absence of Burkholderia endophytes is consistent on genus level and therefore implies a predictive value for the discovery of bacteria. Only a single Burkholderia species is found in association with a given plant species. However, the endophyte species are promiscuous and can be found in association with several plant species. Most of the endophytes are part of the plant-associated beneficial and environmental group, but others are closely related to B. glathei. This soil bacteria, together with related nodulating and non-nodulating endophytes, is therefore transferred to a newly defined and larger PBE group within the genus Burkholderia. Citation: Verstraete B, Janssens S, Smets E, Dessein S (2013) Symbiotic ß-Proteobacteria beyond Legumes: Burkholderia in Rubiaceae. PLoS ONE 8(1): e55260. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055260 Editor: Matthias Horn, University of Vienna, Austria Received September 10, 2012; Accepted December 20, 2012; Published January 25, 2013 Copyright: ß 2013 Verstraete et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: an and Taxonomists Throughout the World Who Have Left Inventory
    United States Department of Agriculture Perennial Edible Fruits Agricultural Research Service of the Tropics Agriculture Handbook No. 642 An Inventory t Abstract Acknowledgments Martin, Franklin W., Carl W. Cannpbell, Ruth M. Puberté. We owe first thanks to the botanists, horticulturists 1987 Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: An and taxonomists throughout the world who have left Inventory. U.S. Department of Agriculture, written records of the fruits they encountered. Agriculture Handbook No. 642, 252 p., illus. Second, we thank Richard A. Hamilton, who read and The edible fruits of the Tropics are nnany in number, criticized the major part of the manuscript. His help varied in form, and irregular in distribution. They can be was invaluable. categorized as major or minor. Only about 300 Tropical fruits can be considered great. These are outstanding We also thank the many individuals who read, criti- in one or more of the following: Size, beauty, flavor, and cized, or contributed to various parts of the book. In nutritional value. In contrast are the more than 3,000 alphabetical order, they are Susan Abraham (Indian fruits that can be considered minor, limited severely by fruits), Herbert Barrett (citrus fruits), Jose Calzada one or more defects, such as very small size, poor taste Benza (fruits of Peru), Clarkson (South African fruits), or appeal, limited adaptability, or limited distribution. William 0. Cooper (citrus fruits), Derek Cormack The major fruits are not all well known. Some excellent (arrangements for review in Africa), Milton de Albu- fruits which rival the commercialized greatest are still querque (Brazilian fruits), Enriquito D.
    [Show full text]
  • Novitates Gabonenses 36. Tetrorchidium (Euphorbiaceae) in Africa with Special Reference to Gabon
    Novitates Gabonenses 36. Tetrorchidium (Euphorbiaceae) in Africa with special reference to Gabon F.J. BRETELER Herbarium Vadense, Foulkesweg 37, 6703 BL Wageningen, Nederland. [email protected] ABSTRACT The African species of Tetrorchidium have been studied in order to investi­ gate the report of a corolla present in the female flowers of T. congolense. The study revealed that T. congolense does not have a corolla but an involucre. The same holds for T. gabonense which is described for the first time. KEYWORDS Tetrorchidium tenuifolium is lectorypified and treated as a synonym of T. Tetrorchidium, oppositifolium, which is lectotypified as well. Tetrorchidium ulugurense is Euphorbiaceae, maintained as a distinct species. A key to the resulting five species is given involucre, Gabon. and their distribution is mapped. RESUME Novitates Gabonenses 36. Tetrorchidium (Euphorbiaceae) en Afrique et en par­ ticulier au Gabon. Les espèces africaines du genre Tetrorchidium ont été étudiées afin de savoir si une corolle existe chez les fleurs femelles de T. congolense. L'étude a révélé que cette espèce n'est pas pourvue d'une corolle, mais d'un involucre, qui est aussi présent chez T. gabonense, décrit ici comme espèce nouvelle. MOTS CLES Tetrorchidium tenuifolium est mis en synonymie de T. oppositifolium. Les Tetrorchidium, deux noms sont lectotypifiés. Tetrorchidium ulugurense est maintenu comme Euphorbiaceae, espèce distincte. Une clé de détermination et des cartes de distribution des involucre, Gabon. cinq espèces sont présentées. sér. 3 • 1999 • 21 (1): 97-105 97 Breteler F.J. The genus Tetrorchidium of the identity of that additional floral element in T. Euphorbiaceae-Crotonoideae has ca.
    [Show full text]