The Passionvine Mealybug, Planococcus Minor (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), and Its Natural Enemies in the Cocoa Agroecosystem in Trinidad ⇑ Antonio W
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Ladybirds, Ladybird Beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae1
Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. EENY-170 Ladybirds, Ladybird beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae1 J. H. Frank R. F. Mizell, III2 Introduction Ladybird is a name that has been used in England for more than 600 years for the European beetle Coccinella septempunctata. As knowledge about insects increased, the name became extended to all its relatives, members of the beetle family Coccinellidae. Of course these insects are not birds, but butterflies are not flies, nor are dragonflies, stoneflies, mayflies, and fireflies, which all are true common names in folklore, not invented names. The lady for whom they were named was "the Virgin Mary," and common names in other European languages have the same association (the German name Marienkafer translates Figure 1. Adult Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, the to "Marybeetle" or ladybeetle). Prose and poetry sevenspotted lady beetle. Credits: James Castner, University of Florida mention ladybird, perhaps the most familiar in English being the children's rhyme: Now, the word ladybird applies to a whole Ladybird, ladybird, fly away home, family of beetles, Coccinellidae or ladybirds, not just Your house is on fire, your children all gone... Coccinella septempunctata. We can but hope that newspaper writers will desist from generalizing them In the USA, the name ladybird was popularly all as "the ladybird" and thus deluding the public into americanized to ladybug, although these insects are believing that there is only one species. There are beetles (Coleoptera), not bugs (Hemiptera). many species of ladybirds, just as there are of birds, and the word "variety" (frequently use by newspaper 1. -
Laboratory Studies on the Development and Life Table Parameters of Planococcus Citri (Risso) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) at Different Temperatures
International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences (IJRSB) Volume 4, Issue 5, May 2016, PP 16-25 ISSN 2349-0357 (Print) & ISSN 2349-0365 (Online) http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0405003 www.arcjournals.org Laboratory Studies on the Development and Life Table Parameters of Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) at Different Temperatures M. A. El-Aw1, Kh. A. A. Draz1, H. H. Karam2, A. A. A. Khalafallah3 1Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt 2Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Egypt 3Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt [email protected] Abstract: The development and life table parameters of Planococcus citri (Risso) were investigated at various temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 ºC. The total duration of development of female mealybug was 28.2 day at 20 ºC, 20.8 day at 25 ºC, and 20.05 day at 30ºC. The total life cycles of P. citri females were 63.20, 51.10, and 41.55 days at 20, 25, and 30ºC, respectively. The highest number of egg laying by female of P. citri was recorded at 30˚C with an average of 340.1 eggs, while the average numbers of egg laying were 62.1 and 276.8 eggs per female at 20, and 25˚C, respectively. The total life cycles of P. citri males were 43.2, 30.4, and 23.95 days at 20, 25, and 30ºC, respectively. The total number of daughters per female (Ro) obtained at 20ºC was 62.61 compared with 136.88, 380.00 and 339.62 daughters at 25, 27 and 30 ºC, respectively. -
Diptera - Cecidomyiidae, Trypetidae, Tachinidae, Agromyziidae
DIPTERA - CECIDOMYIIDAE, TRYPETIDAE, TACHINIDAE, AGROMYZIIDAE. DIPTERA Etymology : Di-two; ptera-wing Common names : True flies, Mosquitoes, Gnats, Midges, Characters They are small to medium sized, soft bodied insects. The body regions are distinct. Head is often hemispherical and attached to the thorax by a slender neck. Mouthparts are of sucking type, but may be modified. All thoracic segments are fused together. The thoracic mass is largely made up of mesothorax. A small lobe of the mesonotum (scutellum) overhangs the base of the abdomen. They have a single pair of wings. Forewings are larger, membranous and used for flight. Hindwings are highly reduced, knobbed at the end and are called halteres. They are rapidly vibrated during flight. They function as organs of equilibrium.Flies are the swiftest among all insects. Metamorphosis is complete. Larvae of more common forms are known as maggots. They are apodous and acephalous. Mouthparts are represented as mouth hooks which are attached to internal sclerites. Pupa is generally with free appendages, often enclosed in the hardened last larval skin called puparium. Pupa belongs to the coarctate type. Classification This order is sub divided in to three suborders. I. NMATOCERA (Thread-horn) Antenna is long and many segmented in adult. Larval head is well developed. Larval mandibles act horizontally. Pupa is weakly obtect. Adult emergence is through a straight split in the thoracic region. II. BRACHYCERA (Short-horn) Antenna is short and few segmented in adult. Larval head is retractile into the thorax Larval mandibles act vertically Pupa is exarate. Adult emergence is through a straight split in the thoracic region. -
Federal Register/Vol. 81, No. 216/Tuesday, November 8, 2016
Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 216 / Tuesday, November 8, 2016 / Notices 78567 Done in Washington, DC, this 2nd day of forth the permit application On March 16, 2016, APHIS received November 2016. requirements and the notification a permit application from Cornell Kevin Shea, procedures for the importation, University (APHIS Permit Number 16– Administrator, Animal and Plant Health interstate movement, or release into the 076–101r) seeking the permitted field Inspection Service. environment of a regulated article. release of GE DBMs in both open and [FR Doc. 2016–26941 Filed 11–7–16; 8:45 am] Subsequent to a permit application caged releases. We are currently BILLING CODE 3410–34–P from Cornell University (APHIS Permit preparing an EA for this new Number 13–297–102r) seeking the application and will publish notices permitted field release of three strains of associated with the EA and FONSI (if DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GE diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella one is reached) in the Federal Register. xylostella, strains designated as Animal and Plant Health Inspection Done in Washington, DC, this 2nd day of OX4319L-Pxy, OX4319N-Pxy, and November 2016. Service OX4767A-Pxy, which have been Kevin Shea, genetically engineered to exhibit red [Docket No. APHIS–2014–0056] Administrator, Animal and Plant Health fluorescence (DsRed2) as a marker and Inspection Service. repressible female lethality, on August Withdrawal of an Environmental [FR Doc. 2016–26935 Filed 11–7–16; 8:45 am] Assessment for the Field Release of 28, 2014, the Animal and Plant Health BILLING CODE 3410–34–P Genetically Engineered Diamondback Inspection Service (APHIS) published in Moths the Federal Register a notice 1 (79 FR 51299–51300, Docket No. -
Biology of Planococcus Citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Five Yam Varieties in Storage
Advances in Entomology, 2014, 2, 167-175 Published Online October 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ae http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ae.2014.24025 Biology of Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Five Yam Varieties in Storage Emmanuel Asiedu, Jakpasu Victor Kofi Afun, Charles Kwoseh Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana Email: [email protected] Received 25 June 2014; revised 30 July 2014; accepted 18 August 2014 Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Yam is an important staple cash crop, which constitutes 53% of total root and tuber consumption in West Africa. It is a cheap source of carbohydrate in the diets of millions of people worldwide and in tropical West Africa. However, attack by Planococcus citri results in shriveling of the tubers, making them become light and unpalatable. They also lose their market value. The total number of eggs laid, incubation period, developmental period and adult longevity of P. citri on stored yam Disocorea species were studied on five yam varieties namely Dioscorea rotundata var. Pona, Dios- corea rotundata var. Labreko, Dioscorea rotundata var. Muchumudu, Disocorea alata var. Matches and Dioscorea rotundata var. Dente in the laboratory with ambient temperatures of 26.0˚C - 30.0˚C and relative humidity of 70.0% - 75.0%. The mean life spans of the female insect that is from hatch to death on Dioscorea rotundata var. -
Arthropod Pest Management in Greenhouses and Interiorscapes E
Arthropod Pest Management in Greenhouses and Interiorscapes E-1011E-1011 OklahomaOklahoma CooperativeCooperative ExtensionExtension ServiceService DivisionDivision ofof AgriculturalAgricultural SciencesSciences andand NaturalNatural ResourcesResources OklahomaOklahoma StateState UniversityUniversity Arthropod Pest Management in Greenhouses and Interiorscapes E-1011 Eric J. Rebek Extension Entomologist/ Ornamentals and Turfgrass Specialist Michael A. Schnelle Extension Ornamentals/ Floriculture Specialist ArthropodArthropod PestPest ManagementManagement inin GreenhousesGreenhouses andand InteriorscapesInteriorscapes Insects and their relatives cause major plant ing a hand lens. damage in commercial greenhouses and interi- Aphids feed on buds, leaves, stems, and roots orscapes. Identification of key pests and an un- by inserting their long, straw-like, piercing-suck- derstanding of appropriate control measures are ing mouthparts (stylets) and withdrawing plant essential to guard against costly crop losses. With sap. Expanding leaves from damaged buds may be tightening regulations on conventional insecti- curled or twisted and attacked leaves often display cides and increasing consumer sensitivity to their chlorotic (yellow-white) speckles where cell con- use in public spaces, growers must seek effective tents have been removed. A secondary problem pest management alternatives to conventional arises from sugary honeydew excreted by aphids. chemical control. Management strategies cen- Leaves may appear shiny and become sticky from tered around -
Biocontrol Science and Technology
This article was downloaded by:[NEICON Consortium] On: 11 September 2007 Access Details: [subscription number 781557153] Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Biocontrol Science and Technology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713409232 Biology and prey range of Cryptognatha nodiceps (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a potential biological control agent for the coconut scale, Aspidiotus destructor (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) V. F. Lopez; M. T. K. Kairo; J. A. Irish Online Publication Date: 01 August 2004 To cite this Article: Lopez, V. F., Kairo, M. T. K. and Irish, J. A. (2004) 'Biology and prey range of Cryptognatha nodiceps (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a potential biological control agent for the coconut scale, Aspidiotus destructor (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)', Biocontrol Science and Technology, 14:5, 475 - 485 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/09583150410001683493 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150410001683493 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article maybe used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. -
Full-Text (PDF)
Vol. 14(1), pp. 18-23, 3 January, 2019 DOI: 10.5897/AJAR2018.13631 Article Number: 1C2697159695 ISSN: 1991-637X Copyright ©2019 African Journal of Agricultural Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR Research Full Length Research Paper Natural occurrence of Diadiplosis megalamellae (Barnes) in mealybugs on roses in Kenya Anouk H. J. Hoogendoorn, Ruth Murunde*, Evans Otieno and Henry Wainwright The Real IPM Company (K) Ltd, P. O. Box 4001-01002, Madaraka, Thika, Kenya. Received 15 October, 2018; Accepted 27 November, 2018 Over the last decade there has been an increasing adoption of Integrated Pest Management on rose farms in Kenya. As a consequence, there has been a rise in secondary pests on rose plants, including in particular the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso). On cut flowerrose farms in Kenya, the presence of the predatory midge Diadiplosis megalamellae (Barnes) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was observed. Therefore, a survey was carried out to quantify the occurrence of D. megalamellae and the association with mealybug infestations in commercial cut flower rose crops in Kenya. Four farms in four different regions of Kenya and eight rose varieties were surveyed. The midge D. megalamellae was present on farms located in Naivasha, Nairobi and Thika, but was absent in Nanyuki region. The midge D. megalamellae was found mainly in P. citri mealybug colonies and, although in much lower numbers, in the long tailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti) colonies. The number of mealybugs was positively correlated with the number of number of D. megalamellae larvae suggesting increased multiplication of the D. -
Rekayasa Agroekosistem Dan Konservasi Musuh Alami Revisi Pak
Rekayasa Agroekosistem dan Konservasi Musuh Alami NANANG TRI HARYADI HARI PURNOMO UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember 2019 Nanang Tri Haryadi dan Hari Purnomo. ii Rekayasa Agroekosistem dan Konservasi Musuh Alami Penulis: NANANG TRI HARYADI HARI PURNOMO Desain Sampul dan Tata Letak M. Arifin M. Hosim ISBN: 978-623-7226-56-7 Copyright © 2019 Penerbit: UPT Percetakan & Penerbitan Universitas Jember Redaksi: Jl. Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121 Telp. 0331-330224, Voip. 00319 e-mail: [email protected] Distributor Tunggal: UNEJ Press Jl. Kalimantan 37 Jember 68121 Telp. 0331-330224, Voip. 0319 e-mail: [email protected] Hak Cipta dilindungi Undang-Undang. Dilarang memperbanyak tanpa ijin tertulis dari penerbit, sebagian atau seluruhnya dalam bentuk apapun, baik cetak, photoprint, maupun microfilm. NANANG TRI HARYADI HARI PURNOMO iii Rekayasa Agroekosistem dan Konservasi Musuh Alami KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillah marilah kita panjatkan puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah meridhai segala aktivitas kita, teristimewa pada selesainya pembuatan buku ajar dengan judul “Rekayasa Agroekosistem dan Konservasi Musuh Alami”. Buku ini sangat penting dalam bidang pertanian khususnya dalam proses peningkatan produksi pertanian. Masalah-masalah yang sering muncul dan dihadapi dalam budidaya pertanian yaitu semakin banyaknya model pertanian yang monokultur dalam skala yang luas. Model pertanian seperti ini kecenderungan mempunyai keanekaragaman hayati yang rendah sehingga cenderung rentan terhadap serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT). Populasi OPT pada umumnya lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan populasi musuh alaminya. Solusi untuk mengatasi kondisi agroekosistem dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang rendah yaitu dengan merekayasa agroekosistem semirip mungkin dengan ekosistem alami. Buku ini menjadi salah satu referensi bagi mahasiswa dan masyarakat umum untuk merekayasa sebuah agroekosistem dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan peran musuh alami sehingga proses keseimbangan ekosistem dapat terwujud. -
Dasineura Oleae Angelini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae): an Emerging Pest on Olive Trees in the Palestinian Territories
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection (2019) 126:55–66 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-018-0196-y (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) ORIGINAL ARTICLE New findings on infestation and phenology of Dasineura oleae Angelini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae): an emerging pest on olive trees in the Palestinian Territories Yacoub A. Batta1 Received: 12 September 2018 / Accepted: 22 October 2018 / Published online: 27 October 2018 Ó Deutsche Phytomedizinische Gesellschaft 2018 Abstract Dasineura oleae is a gall midge on leaves and branches of olive trees. Due to the scarcity of information regarding to the infestation and phenology of D. oleae on olive trees, the objectives of this research were: (1) to study the pest status of D. oleae and its damage on olive trees, (2) to describe the life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult, (3) to determine the life cycle duration and number of generations per year and (4) to describe the egg laying, larval development, pupation and adult emergence. Results indicated that there was an outbreak of D. oleae in the Palestinian Territories where the average rate of infestation on olive trees was 51.46% and the damage caused by the insect on leaves, branches and inflorescence of infested trees reached at an average infestation rate of 35.88, 22.70 and 26.54%, respectively. Eggs of D. oleae were laid on the lower leaf surface, and the hatched larvae penetrated the tissues underneath and induced galls in which they live and develop until the emergence of adults. D. oleae developed one generation per year in the hilly regions of Palestinian Territories and two generations in the coastal regions of these territories. -
Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview
December, 2001 Neotropical Entomology 30(4) 501 FORUM Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview JACQUES H.C. DELABIE 1Lab. Mirmecologia, UPA Convênio CEPLAC/UESC, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, CEPLAC, C. postal 7, 45600-000, Itabuna, BA and Depto. Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Univ. Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45660-000, Ilhéus, BA, [email protected] Neotropical Entomology 30(4): 501-516 (2001) Trofobiose Entre Formicidae e Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha): Uma Visão Geral RESUMO – Fêz-se uma revisão sobre a relação conhecida como trofobiose e que ocorre de forma convergente entre formigas e diferentes grupos de Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha (até então conhecidos como ‘Homoptera’). As principais características dos ‘Homoptera’ e dos Formicidae que favorecem as interações trofobióticas, tais como a excreção de honeydew por insetos sugadores, atendimento por formigas e necessidades fisiológicas dos dois grupos de insetos, são discutidas. Aspectos da sua evolução convergente são apresenta- dos. O sistema mais arcaico não é exatamente trofobiótico, as forrageadoras coletam o honeydew despejado ao acaso na folhagem por indivíduos ou grupos de ‘Homoptera’ não associados. As relações trofobióticas mais comuns são facultativas, no entanto, esta forma de mutualismo é extremamente diversificada e é responsável por numerosas adaptações fisiológicas, morfológicas ou comportamentais entre os ‘Homoptera’, em particular Sternorrhyncha. As trofobioses mais diferenciadas são verdadeiras simbioses onde as adaptações mais extremas são observadas do lado dos ‘Homoptera’. Ao mesmo tempo, as formigas mostram adaptações comportamentais que resultam de um longo período de coevolução. Considerando-se os inse- tos sugadores como principais pragas dos cultivos em nível mundial, as implicações das rela- ções trofobióticas são discutidas no contexto das comunidades de insetos em geral, focalizan- do os problemas que geram em Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP), em particular. -
Supplementary Information for Evolution of Gene-Rich Germline Restricted
1 Supplementary Information for Evolution of gene-rich germline restricted 2 chromosomes in black-winged fungus gnats through introgression (Diptera: 3 Sciaridae) 4 Christina N. Hodson, Kamil S. Jaron, Susan Gerbi, Laura Ross 5 6 Supplementary Text 1: Detailed description of the chromosome inheritance system in 7 Bradysia coprophila. 8 9 The chromosome system in B. coprophila, and in sciarids generally, is unique in 10 several ways including chromosome transmission patterns, sex determination, and the 11 presence of GRCs (see Fig 1 for transmission patterns). All sciarids studied to date have a 12 system of reproduction known as paternal genome elimination, where males only transmit 13 maternally inherited chromosomes to offspring [1,2]. Paternal genome elimination has 14 evolved independently in at least seven arthropod lineages, including the related gall gnat 15 family Cecidomyiidae [3]. In all species with paternal genome elimination, meiosis occurs in 16 a Mendelian manner in females, but in males meiosis is aberrant. In male meiosis in 17 sciarids, there is a monopolar spindle in meiosis I. Maternally inherited chromosomes move 18 towards the monopolar spindle, while paternally derived chromosomes move away from it 19 and are discarded in a bud of cytoplasm [2]. Thus, only the maternal complement of 20 chromosomes is transmitted to the sperm. This phenomenon in B. coprophila was the first 21 example of “imprinting”, to our knowledge, by which the cell recognizes the maternal or 22 paternal origin of a chromosome [4]. Interestingly, the GRCs always segregate with the 23 maternal set of chromosomes. Therefore, all of the GRCs (typically two in B.