DOCSLIB.ORG

Fulbright Newsletter No. 81 Spring 2016 (PDF File, 6.39

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Issue 81 Spring 2016 NEWSLETTER Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange Turning the Wheels of Time Social Entrepreneurship in Bulgaria Fulbright Bulgaria’s 2015-2016 Grantees Bulgaria: The Balkan Surprise Fulbright Fiction Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange The Fulbright Bulgaria Newsletter is a biannual magazine published by the Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange (Fulbright) in print and electronically. Opinions expressed by the authors are their own and do not necessarily represent those of the Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the material in this publication, the Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange does not accept liability for any errors or omissions. BULGARIAN-AMERICAN COMMISSION FOR EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Meglena Kuneva Minister of Education and Science Honorary Co-Chairperson Eric Rubin US Ambassador to Bulgaria Honorary Co-Chairperson BULGARIAN MEMBERS: AMERICAN MEMBERS: Victoria Melamed Thomas Higgins Minister Plenipotentiary, CEO, Yatoto Ministry of Foreign Affairs Co-Chairperson Tammy Paltchikov Educational and Cultural Attaché Maria Metodieva at the U.S. Embassy in Bulgaria Family Economic Success Officer Trust for Social Achievement Brian Stimmler Counselor for Public Affairs Dr. Julia Stefanova at the U.S. Embassy in Bulgaria Former Executive Director of the Bulgarian Fulbright Commission Stratsimir Kulinski Co-Chairperson President American University in Bulgaria Jeffery Warner Teacher Support Manager Teach for Bulgaria Fulbright Bulgaria thanks its sponsors for their support: FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR CONTENTS It’s hard to believe that a year has passed COMMISSION NEWS since I stepped into former ED Julia 02 Stefanova’s shoes and took over leadership of the Bulgarian Fulbright Commission. While her shoes may be hard to fill, during her twenty-three years in the position, she left a solid foundation for me to step onto: a fantastic staff, a vibrant alumni community, and a commission with a spotless reputation for excellence and transparency. However, I would like to think SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP that we have not merely rested on Julia’s laurels, but have tried 04 IN BULGARIA to build on her achievements. Over the past year, the commission staff and I have redesigned the Fulbright Bulgaria media presence, BULGARIAN GRANTEE MARIYA SHARKOVA giving our website a complete makeover (check out our new 07 look at fulbright.bg), launching a bi-monthly e-newsletter, and reformatting our paper newsletter as a bi-annual missive. We also BULGARIAN FULBRIGHT expanded our social media portfolio to include Instagram and 09 GRANTEES LinkedIn, in addition to our already extant Facebook, YouTube and Twitter profiles. Our changes have not been solely virtual, however, U.S. FULBRIGHT but have extended to our real-world contacts with the Fulbright 10 GRANTEES community. In order to provide our returning Bulgarian grantees with a forum in which to share their experiences, in October 2015 we launched the first annual “Fulbright Open Lectures” to great enthusiasm: in TED-style talks, a dozen recent and not-so- recent Fulbrighters shared their expertise on everything from nanotechnology and soil science to refugees and Chicago blues. However, the biggest change facing the Bulgarian Fulbright FULBRIGHT ALUMNUS Commission at the present is our impending move to new 12 BRIAN C. MURPHY premises. After twenty-three years at Alexander Stamboliyski 17 in the Ministry of Culture, we will be moving to a new location at 12 Vitosha Boulevard – in the heart of Sofia’s pedestrian zone! Thanks to the support of former Minister of Education Todor Tanev and his team, who helped locate this fantastic new space, the Fulbright Commission will occupy the entire fifth floor of an elegant administrative building from 1951. Renovations are now underway – stay tuned for an invitation to our house-warming party in summer! And of course, our alumni and friends from abroad are FULBRIGHT ALUMNUS always welcome to stop by Vitosha 12 and pay us a visit whenever 14 BOYAN DOBREV they are in Sofia. EXARCH JOSEPH I hope you enjoy this first issue of our redesigned newsletter – you 16 FOREIGN LANGUAGE SCHOOL will have the chance to find out what fellow alumni Brian C. Murphy and Boyan Dobrev have been up to, as well as to become acquainted FULBRIGHT FICTION with current grantees. Please don’t hesitate to send us your own 18 ANGEL AGOV news at [email protected] to include in future issues! 2016 FULBRIGHT Angela Rodel 20 BERLIN SEMINAR SPRING 2016 COMMISSION NEWS Outreach Campaign for the AY 2017-18 Fulbright Grants Competition by Maria Kostova Presentation at NBU The meetings with academics, For the AY 2017-18 grants competition campaign, the students, lecturers, researchers, civil Fulbright Commission planned 21 meetings, presentations, society activists and professionals participations in career and academic fairs at Bulgarian emphasized the importance of higher education institutions, research centers, and non- communication and interaction as part of promoting not only strictly governmental organizations throughout the country. academic opportunities in the US, but also the value of educational and cultural exchange. The aim was to promote the Fulbright Southwestern University, Blagoevgrad; award opportunities to as many American University in Bulgaria, During the visits this year the interest Bulgarian citizens interested in Blagoevgrad; Trakia University, Stara on the part of scholars and doctoral academic or professional qualification Zagora; Veliko Turnovo University and researchers was more marked, but in the US as possible. University of Rousse. graduate students also demonstrated focus and determination to make Executive Director Angela Rodel and The Commission took part in the the most of these educational Program Officer for Bulgarian Grantees Job Fair National Career Days in opportunities. Maria Kostova met with the academic Sofia, Rousse and Veliko Turnovo. leadership teams and presented the Presentations were offered for It was a pleasure and an honor to visit awards for graduate studies, research professional and non-governmental the best Bulgarian higher education and lecturing in the US to students organizations such as “Teach for institutions, meet their dedicated and faculties at numerous universities Bulgaria” and the Association of faculty, bright students, and discuss and academic institutions. Bulgarian Leaders and Entrepreneurs, with their leadership plans for co- as well as at the “Careers in Bulgaria operation with the Fulbright program, Stops on the Fulbright promotional Forum,” which is an annual initiative not only in terms of sending Bulgarian tour included the National Defense under the auspices of the Bulgarian representatives to US universities, but Academy, Sofia; University of President. also by hosting American lecturers and Economics, Varna; Naval Academy, specialists at Bulgarian institutions. Varna; University of National and Two more events are scheduled by the World Economy, Sofia; Sofia University end of the campaign: a presentation We are looking forward to the results (all disciplines); Sofia University at the Forum for Doctoral Students of these encouraging visits and wish - Business School; New Bulgarian at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences the best of luck to all who participate University; Bulgarian Academy of and participation at the Career Days in the AY 2017-18 Fulbright grants Sciences; Technical University, Sofia; of Technical University in Sofia. competition! 2 COMMISSION NEWS SPRING 2016 The Opportunity Funds Activities in Bulgaria by Snejana Teneva of the program, which covers the cost Fulbright Commission and EducationUSA Launch of test preparation, testing fees, and translation of application documents, Opportunity Funds Program in Bulgaria and also provides support for creating CVs and writing admissions essays, and guidance in selecting universities to which to apply. If successfully The EducationUSA Opportunity Funds program is also available in Asia, admitted to US universities with full program assists highly qualified yet the Middle East, Africa and Latin financial aid, these students will go economically challenged students America. Bulgaria, being the poorest on to the next phase of Opportunity who are likely to be awarded full member of the European Union, Funds during the 2016-2017 school financial aid from U.S. colleges and has many highly talented students year, which covers visa fees as well as universities. Opportunity Funds who are deterred from applying travel and relocation to the US. provides financial resources to to US universities due to cost. To cover the up-front costs of applying encourage these bright youngsters to The first module on Redesigned to US universities, such as testing, consider the US as their educational SAT prep took place at the National application fees, or airfare. In destination, the Bulgarian Fulbright Training and Logistics Center of the addition to their impressive academic Commission’s EducationUSA Advisor, Bulgarian Red Cross in the village achievements, Opportunity Funds Snejana Teneva, in close cooperation of Lozen near Sofia on April 3-9. It students also bring cultural and socio- with Regional Educational Advising gathered eleven Opportunity Funds economic diversity to U.S. campuses. Coordinator Cheryl Francisconi, students and three lecturers. Official has launched an Opportunity
Recommended publications
  • A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law Ryan Rowberry Georgia State University College of Law, Rrowberry@Gsu.Edu

    A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law Ryan Rowberry Georgia State University College of Law, [email protected]

    Georgia State University College of Law Reading Room Faculty Publications By Year Faculty Publications 1-1-2010 A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law Ryan Rowberry Georgia State University College of Law, [email protected] John Khalil Follow this and additional works at: https://readingroom.law.gsu.edu/faculty_pub Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the Human Rights Law Commons Recommended Citation Ryan Rowberry & John Khalil, A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law, 3 Berk. J. Middle E. & Islamic L. 81 (2010). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Reading Room. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications By Year by an authorized administrator of Reading Room. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Brief History of Coptic Personal Status Law Ryan Rowberry John Khalil* INTRODUCTION With the U.S.-led "War on Terror" and the occupation of Iraq and Afghanistan, American legal scholars have understandably focused increased attention on the various schools and applications of Islamic law in Middle Eastern countries. 1 This focus on Shari'a law, however, has tended to elide the complexity of traditional legal pluralism in many Islamic nations. Numerous Christian communities across the Middle East (e.g., Syrian, Armenian, Coptic, Nestorian, Maronite), for example, adhere to personal status laws that are not based on Islamic legal principles. Christian minority groups form the largest non-Muslim . Ryan Rowberry and Jolin Khalil graduated from Harvard Law School in 2008. Ryan is currently a natural resources associate at Hogan Lovells US LLP in Washington D.C., and John Khalil is a litigation associate at Lowey, Dannenberg, Cowey & Hart P.C.
  • Protestant Ecclesiastical Law and the Ius Commune

    Protestant Ecclesiastical Law and the Ius Commune

    The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law CUA Law Scholarship Repository Scholarly Articles and Other Contributions Faculty Scholarship 2016 Protestant Ecclesiastical Law and the Ius Commune Kenneth Pennington The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar Part of the Legal History Commons Recommended Citation Kenneth Pennington, Protestant Ecclesiastical Law and the Ius Commune, 26 RIVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DI DIRITTO COMUNE 9 (2015). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at CUA Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scholarly Articles and Other Contributions by an authorized administrator of CUA Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Protestant Ecclesiastical Law and the Ius commune Kenneth Pennington Protestants almost never called their ecclesiastical norms ‘canons.’1 When Protestant jurists or theologians wrote ‘canon law’ (Ius canonicum) in their works, it was clear to their readers that they meant Roman canon law. Surprisingly, Protestant jurists often cited Roman canon law and its jurisprudence long after Martin Luther burned books of Roman canon law at the Elster gate in Wittenberg. These jurists also continued to teach courses at the universities that treated the Ius canonicum. Consequently, an essay on Protestant canon law must confront the question: how much Roman canon law and the jurisprudence of the medieval Ius commune remained embedded in the Reformers’ legislation and jurisprudence and how much was rejected? Until relatively recently scholars answered that question largely according to their confessional affiliations.
  • The Archdiocesan of Indianapolis Policies Provide a Setting for Many of the West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools Board Policies

    The Archdiocesan of Indianapolis Policies Provide a Setting for Many of the West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools Board Policies

    The Archdiocesan Of Indianapolis policies provide a setting for many of the West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools Board policies. In accordance with the Constitution and Bylaws of the West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools, (WDUCS) the Board of Directors is responsible for policy development. “Formulating and enacting general, educational and financial policies guide the administration in achieving the objectives of the strategic plan.” Policies “shall be in compliance with the Canon laws of the Roman Catholic Church, Indiana civil law regarding accredited non-public schools and not-for-profit corporations, and the policies of the Member (Archdiocese). Such policies shall guide planning and administration in the following areas”: Policy Classifications: Faith Community: Contains all policies pertaining to Mission, Board of Directors, Governance, and Stake Holders. F-01 Drafting and Formatting Policy F-02 Amending the Constitution and Bylaws of West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools (WDUCS) Academic: Contains all policies governing admission to West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools, and student academic achievement. A-01 Admission to Cardinal Ritter High School A-02 Admission to Saint Michael-Saint Gabriel Elementary School Business: Contains all policies related to financial matters (institutional and student), and the management of funds. B-01 Tuition B-02 Archdiocesan Employee Tuition Discount B-03 West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools Employee Tuition Discount B-04 West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools/Marian University Tuition Discount B-05 West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools (WDUCS) Fixed Asset Capitalization Institutional Advancement/Development/Enrollment: Contains all policies governing marketing and fund raising. Personnel: Contains all policies governing all employees (Administration, Faculty, and Staff) of West Deanery Unified Catholic Schools.
  • Ivo of Chartres, the Gregorian Reform and the Formation of the Just War Doctrine

    Ivo of Chartres, the Gregorian Reform and the Formation of the Just War Doctrine

    Dominique Bauer 43 Ivo of Chartres, the Gregorian Reform and the Formation of the Just War Doctrine Dominique Bauer Senior Lecturer, Law Faculty, Tilburg University, Netherlands in cooperation with Randall Lesaffer Professor of Legal History, Tilburg University; Professor of Law, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium 1. A Missing Link in the History of the Just War Doctrine Few will dispute that the just war doctrine historically has been among the most influen- tial and enduring legacies of the Late Middle Ages. Before the United Nations Charter of 1945, the doctrine formed the backbone of the ius ad bellum as it had been understood by writers and been paid lip service to by rulers since the Late Middle Ages.1 The just war doctrine obtained its classical outline during the thirteenth century. As in many matters of theology and political theory, Saint Thomas Aquinasʼs (1225-1274) synthesis gained canonical authority and outlived the ages as the common denominator for the doctrine. Of course, this did not mean that afterwards there were no variations on the theme. According to Aquinas, for a war to be just three conditions had to be fulfilled. First, the belligerent needed authority (auctoritas principis). In practice, this meant that only the Church or a secular prince who did not recognise a higher authority2 had the right to wage or authorise war. A ruler who did not enjoy ʻsovereigntyʼ could turn to his superior to have his rightful or supposedly rightful claim upheld. Second, a war had to be waged for a just cause (causa iusta). This could either be self-defence against prior armed ag- gression, the recovery of lost property or the restoration of injured rights.
  • Studies in Canon Law

    Studies in Canon Law

    Studies in Canon Law Are you interested in protecting the rights and freedoms of people in the Church through the practical and pastoral application of Canon Law? Now you can gain an ecclesiastical degree in Canon Law without leaving Australia. A world-first partnership between BBI - The Australian Institute of Theological Education, Sydney, Australia, and Saint Paul University, Ottawa, Canada www.bbi.catholic.edu.au Why study canon law at Saint Paul University? • For its excellent reputation, its experience, its history and its Catholic tradition • For its small classes and its low student/professor ratio • For its diverse student population, which brings an international perspective The international teaching personnel of the Faculty of Canon Law is actively involved in serving the Church beyond the walls of the University by their publications and expert advice to the Holy See, to bishops and religious superiors, as well as to clergy and laity alike. Twice a year, the Faculty publishes the journal Studia canonica. This publication is the only canon law journal in Canada and it enjoys a solid international reputation. SPU is empowered by the Holy See to offer three ecclesiastical degrees: the Baccalaureate in Canon Law (JCB), the – What is it? Licentiate in Canon Law (JCL), and the Canon Law Doctorate in Canon Law (JCD). Canon law is the law which governs the Catholic Church. Pope In conjunction with the University of John Paul II promulgated the Code of Canon Law (for the Ottawa, SPU also offers simultaneously Latin Catholic Church) in 1983, and the Code of Canons of the two civil degrees: the Master in Eastern Churches (for the several Eastern Catholic Churches) Canon Law (MCL) and the Doctor of in 1990.
  • Tenure-Track Faculty Position, 2022

    Tenure-Track Faculty Position, 2022

    Columbus School of Law Tenure-Track Faculty, ILAIS The Columbus School of Law at The Catholic University of America (“Catholic Law”) seeks to fill one tenure-track faculty position to begin in Spring 2022 or Fall 2022. This position is for a qualified entry-level candidate interested in serving as a full member of the law school’s faculty while also collaborating with, and making a distinctive contribution to, the University’s new Institute for Latin American and Iberian Studies (the “Institute”). We seek candidates who can teach, in addition to any natural areas of fit with the Institute (such as International Law or Immigration Law), the following subjects: Property, Family Law, and Trusts and Estates; Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, and Evidence; Corporate and Securities Law; and Contracts and Commercial Law. Established in 1897, Catholic Law is a national leader in preparing students of all faiths for the practice of law. Catholic Law is an integral part of The Catholic University of America, which, as the national university of the Catholic Church, is “committed to being a comprehensive Catholic and American institution of higher learning, faithful to the teachings of Jesus Christ as handed on by the Church,” “dedicated to advancing the dialogue between faith and reason,” and “seek[ing] to discover and impart the truth through excellence in teaching and research, all in service to the Church, the nation and the world.” See the University Mission. Catholic Law supports and advances the mission of the university as a whole through
  • Keeley-Cv-May 2017

    Keeley-Cv-May 2017

    Theresa Keeley Department of History University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky 40292 [email protected] (502) 852-3755 ACADEMIC EMPLOYMENT Assistant Professor, University of Louisville, Department of History, July 2015 – present Visiting Assistant Professor, Georgetown University, Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service and Department of History, 2013-2015 EDUCATION Ph.D. Northwestern University, Department of History, 2013 Dissertation: “Reagan’s Gun-Toting Nuns: Catholicism and U.S.-Central America Relations” Committee: Michael Sherry (chair), Michael Allen, Brodwyn Fischer, Robert Orsi, Andrew J. Rotter M.A. History, Northwestern University, 2008 J.D. University of Pennsylvania Law School, 2004 B.A. History (high honors), Colgate University, magna cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa, 1998 HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS “Thirty-Five Years After Deaths of Cleveland Churchwomen in El Salvador, US. Policy Still Devalues Human Rights,” Cleveland Plain-Dealer, November 29, 2015, http://www.cleveland.com/opinion/index.ssf/2015/11/thirty-five_years_after_deaths.html “Medellín is ‘Fantastic’: Early Drafts of the 1969 Rockefeller Report on the Catholic Church” The Catholic Historical Review 101, no. 4 (Autumn 2015): 809-834 “Reagan’s Real Catholics vs. Tip O’Neill’s Maryknoll Nuns: Gender, Intra-Catholic Conflict, and the Contras,” Diplomatic History 40, no. 3 (online July 2015/in print June 2016): 530-558 LEGAL PUBLICATIONS “Landlord Sexual Assault and Rape of Tenants: Survey Findings and Advocacy Approaches,” 40 Clearinghouse Review 441 (Nov/Dec
  • THE OFFICIAL PRONOUNCEMENT of CANONIZATION in 1904, Almost 450 Years After She Was Rehabilitated, Joan Was Declared Venerable by the Church

    THE OFFICIAL PRONOUNCEMENT of CANONIZATION in 1904, Almost 450 Years After She Was Rehabilitated, Joan Was Declared Venerable by the Church

    THE OFFICIAL PRONOUNCEMENT OF CANONIZATION In 1904, almost 450 years after she was rehabilitated, Joan was declared Venerable by the Church. In 1908, she was further elevated to the designation Blessed, and finally she was raised to the Church's highest rank when she was canonized in 1920. The following pronouncement was made by the Church at that time. It is translated from the official Vatican commentary, Acta Apostolicae Sedis, for that year, by Samuel E. DeMerit. AT THE SOLEMN CANONIZATION of Blessed Joan of Arc, held in the Vatican Basilica, on the sixteenth day of May, 1920, on the Sunday within the Octave of the Lord's Ascension. To the threefold petition, “fervently, more fervently, most fervently," made through the Consistorial Advocate, Dom. Virginius Iacoucci, by the most distinguished gentleman Antonius Vico, Prefect of the Holy Roman Congregation, Procurator of Canonization, the following response was given by the most reverend Dom. Aurelius Galli, Secretary of State, in the name of His Holiness: I. It is with the greatest good will that the Most Blessed Father opens these solemn proceedings, and with a heart most grateful to God, through Whose kindness he not only witnesses the happiness of the day, but himself takes first place in the celebration thereof. For it is the order of the day that he who has by Jesus Christ been appointed teacher of truth and champion of justice canonize with inalterable decree the sanctity of the bravest maiden within the recollection of men and the most innocent; and by decreeing for her the highest honors, forever erase from memory the stain of her unjust condemnation.
  • FACULTIES of PRIESTS DIOCESE of SPOKANE Most Rev. Thomas A

    FACULTIES of PRIESTS DIOCESE of SPOKANE Most Rev. Thomas A

    FACULTIES OF PRIESTS DIOCESE OF SPOKANE Most Rev. Thomas A. Daly Bishop of Spokane To: In virtue of ordination to the Priesthood you are commissioned to the service of the Church: . to discharge without fall the office of priesthood in the presbyteral order as a conscientious fellow worker with the Bishop to caring for the Lord's flock. to celebrate the mysteries of Christ faithfully and religiously as the Church as handed them down to us for the glory of God and the sanctification of Christ's people. to exercise the ministry of the word worthily and wisely, preaching the Gospel and explaining the Catholic faith in accord with the magisterial teaching of the church. In order to promote the pastoral care of the People of God and as an expression of your participation in the active ministry of the Presbyterate of the Diocese of Spokane, I am pleased to issue you the attached "faculties." These faculties are valid for the duration of your priestly ministry to this Diocese, or until revoked, whether you are a priest of the Diocese of Spokane, from another diocese, or a member of a religious community assigned to the diocese by your Superior. Given at Spokane, Washington, this _____ day of ____________, 20______. _____________________________ +Most Rev. Thomas A. Daly SEAL ______________________________ Chancellor Revised (6/4/2015) FACULTIES OF THE PRIESTS OF THE DIOCESE OF SPOKANE A. These faculties concern priests incardinated in the Diocese of Spokane and priests, both secular and religious, who are not incardinated but whose appointment to pastoral ministry in the diocese of Spokane has been made or approved by the Diocesan Bishop.
  • Confirmation: When Does a Priest Need Delegation?

    Confirmation: When Does a Priest Need Delegation?

    Confirmation: When does a priest need delegation? The Code of Canon Law of the Catholic Church states that “the ordinary minister of confirmation is a bishop”. However, it also allows for priests [presbyters] provided with this faculty by law or by special grant to validly administer confirmation (canon 882) THE FACULTY TO CONFIRM MUST BE REQUESTED BY PRIESTS WHEN: The person to be confirmed is an already BAPTIZED CATHOLIC and is NOT in danger of death (canon 884, §1). He/she must not have been validly confirmed previously. The person to be confirmed was PREVIOUSLY RECEIVED INTO THE FULL COMMUNION of the Catholic Church and has not been validly confirmed previously. Note: this is the case with parish confirmation ceremonies when the bishop cannot be present. Also, the priest may request faculties to confirm a Catholic who is not already confirmed and is preparing for marriage (note canon 1065, §1). WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF HIS PARISH, PASTORS AND PAROCHIAL VICARS CAN CONFIRM BY LAW WITHOUT REQUESTING FACULTIES WHEN: Baptizing a person who is AGE 7 OR OLDER. Confirmation and Holy Communion are also to be administered to the same persons during the same liturgy unless serious reasons prevent this (canons 883, §2 and 866) Note: this most often takes place at the Easter Vigil, where “catechumens” are baptized, confirmed and receive Holy Communion. Receiving a VALIDLY BAPTIZED, NON-CATHOLIC CHRISTIAN AGE 7 OR OLDER into the Catholic faith. Confirmation and Holy Communion are to follow (canon 883, §2) Note: this also occurs most frequently at the Easter Vigil, when “candidates” are welcomed into the Church and receive the sacraments of Confirmation and Holy Communion.

  • Information As of 4 January 2016 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory

    Information as of 4 January 2016 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Key To Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. Retired Sec. Secretary VAdm.
  • B a R O M E T E R Bulgaria’S Political Parties Year 14, Issue 4, October - December 2014

    B a R O M E T E R Bulgaria’S Political Parties Year 14, Issue 4, October - December 2014

    Georgi Karasimeonov (Ed.) B A R O M E T E R Bulgaria’s Political Parties Year 14, Issue 4, October - December 2014 Forming a government regularly elected by the National Assembly was an important step in the direction of overcoming the political and parliamentary crisis in this country. Despite the difficulties that the process of composing the government went through, at this stage it will have the necessary parliamentary support for passing the budget for next year and for taking steps for the financial stabilization of the country. These are the urgent measures that the ruling majority has to resolve in the short term. The election victory and forming a government led by Boyko Borisov is of paramount importance for the establishment of GERB as a leading political force in the country. Borisov is the first politician to be Prime Minister for a second term since the start of the democratic changes in the country. The Reformist Bloc achieved one of their goals – representation in Parliament and par- ticipation in the Executive. At the same time, there are still some serious challenges the Bloc is facing related to the assertion of its unity. The controversies between DSB and BCMon convening a congress to elect a party leader are about to undermine the frag- ile center right coalition. In its turn, this creates a danger for the integrity of the ruling coalition. Imprint Orders All texts are available online Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung www.fes.bg 97, Knjaz Boris I St. Commercial use of all media The views expressed in this publication published by the Friedrich- are not necessarily those of the Responsible: Ebert-Stiftung (FES) is Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung or of the Regine Schubert, Director not permitted without the organization for which the author works.