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Muslim Nationalism, State Formation and Legal Representations of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan
Politics of Exclusion: Muslim Nationalism, State Formation and Legal Representations of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan by Sadia Saeed A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Sociology) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor George P. Steinmetz, Chair Professor Howard A. Kimeldorf Associate Professor Fatma Muge Gocek Associate Professor Genevieve Zubrzycki Professor Mamadou Diouf, Columbia University © Sadia Saeed 2010 2 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my parents with my deepest love, respect and gratitude for the innumerable ways they have supported my work and choices. ii Acknowledgements I would like to begin by acknowledging the immense support my parents have given me every step of the way during my (near) decade in graduate school. I have dedicated this dissertation to them. My ammi and baba have always believed in my capabilities to accomplish not only this dissertation but much more in life and their words of love and encouragement have continuously given me the strength and the will to give my research my very best. My father‘s great enthusiasm for this project, his intellectual input and his practical help and advice during the fieldwork of this project have been formative to this project. I would like to thank my dissertation advisor George Steinmetz for the many engaged conversations about theory and methods, for always pushing me to take my work to the next level and above all for teaching me to recognize and avoid sloppiness, caricatures and short-cuts. It is to him that I owe my greatest intellectual debt. -
Religious Extremism and Sectarianism in Pakistan: JRSP, Vol
Religious Extremism and Sectarianism in Pakistan: JRSP, Vol. 58, No 2 (April-June 2021) Samina Yasmeen1 Fozia Umar2 Religious Extremism and Sectarianism in Pakistan: An Appraisal Abstract Pakistan, which was created on the basis of religion have had to face sectarian violence and religious intolerance from the very beginning. This article offers an in-depth analysis of sectarianism and religious intolerance and their direct role in the current chaotic state of Pakistan. This article revolves around the two main research questions including the role of religion in the state of Pakistan as well as the evidences depicting sectarian violence in Pakistan. The main objective is to analyze the future situation of the rampant sectarian condition in the society and to study the role of Pakistan’s government so far. Qualitative methodology using primary as well as secondary sources are used to gather the data. Post-dictatorship era, after 2007, is being analyzed in this article, keeping in view the history of sectarian violence, future and stability of the state. Last comments lead to the recommendations and ways to tackle the sectarian divide and religious extremism. The researchers conclude that religion is core at the Pakistan’s nationalism however, religious extremism weakens national and social cohesion and also divides loyalties. There is a need for strict blasphemy laws, banning hate speeches which incites the violence and most importantly, eradicating poverty and unemployment, so no foreign elements can bribe anyone for sectarian terror within the state. Introduction Pakistan was a country that was created on the basis of religion, its main goal was to provide a homeland for Muslims where they will live in freedom and harmony and it was established that it will be governed according to the principles set by Islam. -
Zay Khay Sheen, Aligarh's Purdah-Nashin Poet
1 Zay Khay Sheen, Aligarh’s Purdah-Nashin Poet Gail Minault* Zay Khay Sheen, or Zahida Khatun Sherwani (1894-1922),1 was the younger daughter of Nawab Sir Muzammilullah Khan Sherwani, Rais of Bhikampur in the Aligarh district of North India.2 Sir Muzammilullah (1865-1938) was an important figure in the Aligarh movement. A follower of Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan, he was a leading member of the Board of Trustees of Aligarh College, a champion of turning Aligarh College into a University, and politically loyal to the British connection. He was also a skillful poet in Persian, and had a string of alphabetical honors following his title as Khan Bahadur: LLD, KCIE, OBE, etc.3 The Sherwani clan of Aligarh district was distinguished in educational circles and produced a number of important figures, Habibur Rahman Khan Sherwani, Nawab Habib Yar Jung, was an Islamic scholar and an official in Hyderabad. Harun Khan Sherwani was a well-known historian of the Deccan (his wife is the biographer of Z-Kh-Sh). The clan had two main branches, the lineage of Bhikampur and that of Datauli, and practiced cousin marriage to an almost exclusive degree. The family tree presents a bewildering array of interlocking relationships.4 1* Gail Minault is a Professor of History and Asian Studies at the University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA. There are two basic sources about Z-Kh-Sh, a biography written by her cousin: Anisa Harun Begam Sherwani, Hayat-i-Z-Kh-Sh (Hyderabad: Privately Published, 1954); and her collected poems: Z-Kh-Sh [Zahida Khatun Sherwani], Firdaus-i-Takhayyul (Lahore: Dar ul Isha’iat-i-Punjab, 1941). -
01720Joya Chatterji the Spoil
This page intentionally left blank The Spoils of Partition The partition of India in 1947 was a seminal event of the twentieth century. Much has been written about the Punjab and the creation of West Pakistan; by contrast, little is known about the partition of Bengal. This remarkable book by an acknowledged expert on the subject assesses partition’s huge social, economic and political consequences. Using previously unexplored sources, the book shows how and why the borders were redrawn, as well as how the creation of new nation states led to unprecedented upheavals, massive shifts in population and wholly unexpected transformations of the political landscape in both Bengal and India. The book also reveals how the spoils of partition, which the Congress in Bengal had expected from the new boundaries, were squan- dered over the twenty years which followed. This is an original and challenging work with findings that change our understanding of parti- tion and its consequences for the history of the sub-continent. JOYA CHATTERJI, until recently Reader in International History at the London School of Economics, is Lecturer in the History of Modern South Asia at Cambridge, Fellow of Trinity College, and Visiting Fellow at the LSE. She is the author of Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition (1994). Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society 15 Editorial board C. A. BAYLY Vere Harmsworth Professor of Imperial and Naval History, University of Cambridge, and Fellow of St Catharine’s College RAJNARAYAN CHANDAVARKAR Late Director of the Centre of South Asian Studies, Reader in the History and Politics of South Asia, and Fellow of Trinity College GORDON JOHNSON President of Wolfson College, and Director, Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridge Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society publishes monographs on the history and anthropology of modern India. -
Announced on Monday, July 19, 2021
FINAL RESULT - FALL 2021 ROUND 2 Announced on Monday, July 19, 2021 INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, KARACHI BBA, BS (ACCOUNTING & FINANCE), BS (ECONOMICS) & BS (SOCIAL SCIENCES) ADMISSIONS FINAL RESULT ‐ TEST HELD ON SUNDAY, JULY 4, 2021 (FALL 2021, ROUND 2) LIST OF SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES FOR DIRECT ADMISSION (BBA PROGRAM) SAT Test Math Eng TOTAL Maximum Marks 800 800 1600 Cut-Off Marks 600 600 1420 Math Eng Total IBA Test MCQ MCQ MCQ Maximum Marks 180 180 360 Cut-Off Marks 88 88 224 Seat S. No. App No. Name Father's Name No. 1 7904 30 LAIBA RAZI RAZI AHMED JALALI 112 116 228 2 7957 2959 HASSAAN RAZA CHINOY MUHAMMAD RAZA CHINOY 112 132 244 3 7962 3549 MUHAMMAD SHAYAN ARIF ARIF HUSSAIN 152 120 272 4 7979 455 FATIMA RIZWAN RIZWAN SATTAR 160 92 252 5 8000 1464 MOOSA SHERGILL FARZAND SHERGILL 124 124 248 6 8937 1195 ANAUSHEY BATOOL ATTA HUSSAIN SHAH 92 156 248 7 8938 1200 BIZZAL FARHAN ALI MEMON FARHAN MEMON 112 112 224 8 8978 2248 AFRA ABRO NAVEED ABRO 96 136 232 9 8982 2306 MUHAMMAD TALHA MEMON SHAHID PARVEZ MEMON 136 136 272 10 9003 3266 NIRDOSH KUMAR NARAIN NA 120 108 228 11 9017 3635 ALI SHAZ KARMANI IMTIAZ ALI KARMANI 136 100 236 12 9031 1945 SAIFULLAH SOOMRO MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM SOOMRO 132 96 228 13 9469 1187 MUHAMMAD ADIL RAFIQ AHMAD KHAN 112 112 224 14 9579 2321 MOHAMMAD ABDULLAH KUNDI MOHAMMAD ASGHAR KHAN KUNDI 100 124 224 15 9582 2346 ADINA ASIF MALIK MOHAMMAD ASIF 104 120 224 16 9586 2566 SAMAMA BIN ASAD MUHAMMAD ASAD IQBAL 96 128 224 17 9598 2685 SYED ZAFAR ALI SYED SHAUKAT HUSSAIN SHAH 124 104 228 18 9684 526 MUHAMMAD HAMZA -
The Great Calcutta Killings Noakhali Genocide
1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE 1946 : THE GREAT CALCUTTA KILLINGS AND NOAKHALI GENOCIDE A HISTORICAL STUDY DINESH CHANDRA SINHA : ASHOK DASGUPTA No part of this publication can be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the author and the publisher. Published by Sri Himansu Maity 3B, Dinabandhu Lane Kolkata-700006 Edition First, 2011 Price ` 500.00 (Rupees Five Hundred Only) US $25 (US Dollars Twenty Five Only) © Reserved Printed at Mahamaya Press & Binding, Kolkata Available at Tuhina Prakashani 12/C, Bankim Chatterjee Street Kolkata-700073 Dedication In memory of those insatiate souls who had fallen victims to the swords and bullets of the protagonist of partition and Pakistan; and also those who had to undergo unparalleled brutality and humility and then forcibly uprooted from ancestral hearth and home. PREFACE What prompted us in writing this Book. As the saying goes, truth is the first casualty of war; so is true history, the first casualty of India’s struggle for independence. We, the Hindus of Bengal happen to be one of the worst victims of Islamic intolerance in the world. Bengal, which had been under Islamic attack for centuries, beginning with the invasion of the Turkish marauder Bakhtiyar Khilji eight hundred years back. We had a respite from Islamic rule for about two hundred years after the English East India Company defeated the Muslim ruler of Bengal. Siraj-ud-daulah in 1757. But gradually, Bengal had been turned into a Muslim majority province. -
Asian Muslim Women in General
Introduction Huma Ahmed-Ghosh Muslim women’s lives in Asia traverse a terrain of experiences that defy the homogenization of “the Muslim woman.” The articles in this volume reveal the diverse lived experiences of Muslim women in Islamic states as well as in states with substantial Muslim populations in Asia and the North American diaspora.1 The contributions2 reflect upon the plurality of Mus- lim women’s experiences and realities and the complexity of their agency. Muslim women attain selfhood in individual and collective terms, at times through resistance and at other times through conformity. While women are found to resist multilevel patriarchies such as the State, the family, local feudal relations, and global institutions, they also accept some social norms and expectations about their place in society because of their beliefs and faith. Together, this results in women’s experience being shaped by particular structural constraints within different societies that frame their often limited options. One also has to be aware of academic rhetoric on “equality” or at least women’s rights in Islam and in the Quran and the reality of women’s lived experience. In bringing the diverse experiences of Asian women to light, I hope this book will be of social and political value to people who are increasingly curious, particularly post 9/11,3 about Islam and the lives of Muslim women globally. Authors in this collection locate their analysis in the intersectionality of numerous identities. While the focus in each contribution is on Muslim women, they are Muslim in a way framed by their specific context that includes class and ethnicity, and local positionality that is impacted by inter- national and national interests and by the specificities of their geographic locations. -
1 CM Naim a Sentimental Essay in Three Scenes My Essay Has an Epigraph
C. M. Naim A Sentimental Essay in Three Scenes My essay has an epigraph; it comes, with due apologies and gratitude, from the bard of St. Louis, Mo., and gives, I hope, my ramblings a structure. No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be; Am an attendant lord, and Urdu-wala one that will do To swell a progress, start a scene or two Or, as in the case here, Exactly three Scene 1 In December 1906, twenty-eight men traveled to Dhaka to represent U.P. at the formation of the All India Muslim League. Two were from Bara Banki, one of them my granduncle, Raja Naushad Ali Khan of Mailaraigunj. Thirty-nine years later, during the winter of 1945-46, I could be seen marching up and down the only main road of Bara Banki with other kids, waving a Muslim League flag and shouting slogans. No, I don’t imply some unbroken trajectory from my granduncle’s trip to my strutting in the street, for the elections in 1945 were in fact based on principles that my granduncle reportedly opposed. It was Uncle Fareed who first informed me that Naushad Ali Khan had gone to Dhaka. Uncle Fareed knew the family lore, and enjoyed sharing it with us boys. In an aunt’s house I came across a fading picture. Seated in a dogcart and dressed in Western clothes and a jaunty hat, he looked like a slightly rotund and mustached English squire. He had 1 been a poet, and one of his couplets was then well known even outside the family. -
The Maulana Who Loved Krishna
SPECIAL ARTICLE The Maulana Who Loved Krishna C M Naim This article reproduces, with English translations, the e was a true maverick. In 1908, when he was 20, he devotional poems written to the god Krishna by a published an anonymous article in his modest Urdu journal Urd -i-Mu’all (Aligarh) – circulation 500 – maulana who was an active participant in the cultural, H ū ā which severely criticised the British colonial policy in Egypt political and theological life of late colonial north India. regarding public education. The Indian authorities promptly Through this, the article gives a glimpse of an Islamicate charged him with “sedition”, and demanded the disclosure of literary and spiritual world which revelled in syncretism the author’s name. He, however, took sole responsibility for what appeared in his journal and, consequently, spent a little with its surrounding Hindu worlds; and which is under over one year in rigorous imprisonment – held as a “C” class threat of obliteration, even as a memory, in the singular prisoner he had to hand-grind, jointly with another prisoner, world of globalised Islam of the 21st century. one maund (37.3 kgs) of corn every day. The authorities also confi scated his printing press and his lovingly put together library that contained many precious manuscripts. In 1920, when the fi rst Indian Communist Conference was held at Kanpur, he was one of the organising hosts and pre- sented the welcome address. Some believe that it was on that occasion he gave India the slogan Inqilāb Zindabād as the equivalent to the international war cry of radicals: “Vive la Revolution” (Long Live The Revolution). -
2017 Initiates Alphabetical List
AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS 2017 INITIATES ALPHABETICAL LIST 30 Hanser Antonio Abreu Quezada Khaled Sami Ahmad Ali Alaraj A Santiago, Dominican Republic Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Chicago, IL Amaar Awad Hussien Hussien Carlos Maria Abril Vega Siddique Ahmad Yakout Hameed Alaraji Aamery Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Peshawar, Pakistan Dubai, United Arab Emirates Wolverhampton, United Kingdom Walid Abu Tahoun Usman Ahmad Nasrin Alavi Wesley M. Abadie Dhahran, Saudi Arabia Cleveland, OH Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of Williamsburg, VA Abdelrahman Hassan Abusabeib Azam S. Ahmed Marco Alfonso Albán Garcia Andrea M. Abbott Doha, Qatar Madison, WI Santiago, Chile Mount Pleasant, SC Jihad Achkar Tanveer Ahmed Hamdullah Hadi Al-Baseesee Abdel Rahman Abdel Fattah M. Beirut, Lebanon Dhaka, Bangladesh Najaf, Iraq Abdel Aal Doha, Qatar Alison Alden Acott Manish Ahuja Michael A. Albin Little Rock, AR Mumbai, India South Pasadena, CA Karim Sabry Abdel Samee Cairo, Egypt Badih Adada Naveen Kumar Ahuja Saleh Mohammad Aldaqal Weston, FL Hamilton, NJ Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Eltayib Yousif Abdelaleem Doha, Qatar Patrick Temi Adegun Begum Akay Saad A. A. A. Aldousari Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria Birmingham, MI Kuwait City, Kuwait Tamer Mohamed Said Abdelbaki Salama James Olaniyi Adeniran Hakkı Tankut Akay Matthew J. Alef Cairo, Egypt Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria Ankara, Turkey Winooski, VT Kareem R. AbdelFattah Adedoyin Adekunle Adesanya Raed Hatmal Akayleh Farzad Alemi Dallas, TX Lagos, Nigeria Amman, Jordan Kansas City, MO Khaled Mohamed Saad Obinna Ogochukwu Adibe Ahmet Akman Naif Abdullah Alenazi Mostafa Abdelgalel Chapel Hill, NC Ankara, Turkey Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Ajman, United Arab Emirates Farrell C. Adkins Mohamed Gomah Hamed Falih Mohssen Algazgooz Ahmed Mohamed Abdelkader Roanoke, VA Al Aqqad Basra, Iraq Dubai, United Arab Emirates Dubai, United Arab Emirates John Affuso Mohammed S. -
Muslim Urban Politics in Colonial Punjab: Majlis-I-Ahrar's Early Activism
235 Samina Awan: Muslim Urban Politics Muslim Urban Politics in Colonial Punjab: Majlis-i-Ahrar’s Early Activism Samina Awan Allama Iqbal Open University, Pakistan ________________________________________________________________ The British annexed Punjab in 1849, and established a new system of administration in form and spirit. They also introduced western education, canal colonies and a modern system of transportation, which had its impact on the urban population. In rural Punjab they collaborated with the landlords and feudal elite to get their support in strengthening the province as ‘grain basket’ for the British Army. The Majlis-i-Ahrar-i-Islam(hereafter MAI) was an urban Muslim organisation, comprised of ex-Khilafatists, trained in agitational politics during the period 1919-1929, many of whom were ex-Congrssites. Ahrar leaders split with the INC over the issue of the Nehru Report in 1929. Soon after the formation of the new party, they decided to participate in INC-led civil disobedience movement of 1930 and were interred in large numbers. The MAI’s platform was based on a united India, but one, which was free from imperial control, anti-feudal, with less economic disparities and had an Islamic system for the Muslims of India. _______________________________________________________________ Introduction A number of religio-political movements emerged from Punjab during the first half of the twentieth century. A study of the history, politics and social structure of Punjab is necessary in order to understand these movements. The Majlis-i- Ahrar-i-Islam (MAI) was founded in 1929 in Lahore, and reflected a unique blend of religion and politics in the multi-cultural province of Punjab in British India. -
Constitution Petition No.17 & 19 of 2019 & C.M.A. No.7417 Of
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN (Original Jurisdiction) PRESENT: Mr. Justice Umar Ata Bandial Mr. Justice Maqbool Baqar Mr. Justice Manzoor Ahmad Malik Mr. Justice Faisal Arab Mr. Justice Mazhar Alam Khan Miankhel Mr. Justice Sajjad Ali Shah Mr. Justice Syed Mansoor Ali Shah Mr. Justice Munib Akhtar Mr. Justice Yahya Afridi Mr. Justice Qazi Muhammad Amin Ahmed CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.17 & 19 OF 2019 & C.M.A. NO.7417 OF 2019 IN CONST. P. 19 OF 2019 & CONSTITUTION PETITIONS NO.20-30, 32 & 34 OF 2019. Justice Qazi Faez Isa … Petitioner(s) (in Const.P.17/2019) Supreme Court Bar Association thr. … Petitioner(s) its President (in Const.P.19/2019) Abid Hassan Minto & another … Petitioner(s) (in Const.P.20/2019) Pakistan Bar Council thr. … Petitioner(s) its Vice Chairman (in Const.P.21/2019) Abdul Basit, President High Court … Petitioner(s) Bar Association, Quetta. (in Const.P.22/2019) Muhammad Asif Reki, President … Petitioner(s) Quetta Bar Association (in Const.P.23/2019) Sindh High Court Bar Association … Petitioner(s) thr. its President (in Const.P.24/2019) Balochistan Bar Council thr. its … Petitioner(s) Vice Chairman Haji Atta Ullah Langove (in Const.P.25/2019) Sindh Bar Council thr. it Secretary … Petitioner(s) (in Const.P.26/2019) Hafiz Abdur Rehman Ansari, ASC … Petitioner(s) (in Const.P.27/2019) 2 Const. P.17 of 2019, etc. Karachi Bar Association through … Petitioner(s) its President & other (in Const.P.28/2019) KPK Bar Council through … Petitioner(s) its Vice Chairman (in Const.P.29/2019) Peshawar High Court Bar Association … Petitioner(s) thr.