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STEPHEN HARPER: the PATH to POWER Introduction Canada’S New Prime Minister Is a Study Politics

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STEPHEN HARPER: the PATH to POWER Introduction Canada’S New Prime Minister Is a Study Politics STEPHEN HARPER: THE PATH TO POWER Introduction Canada’s new Prime Minister is a study politics. For example, while he is Focus in contrasts. He is a private man, but willing to admit his personal opposition Stephen Harper, one with a lengthy public record. He to same-sex marriage (while endorsing Canada’s 22nd clearly dislikes the media (columnist same-sex civil unions), he has resisted Prime Minister, is a man of mystery to John Ibbitson wrote in The Globe and pressure to make this opposition Con- many Canadians. Mail January 16, 2006: “It has been servative Party policy. He has also said This News in Re- said that one of the great transforma- that his government will not introduce view module looks tions of this election campaign is that legislation dealing with abortion. at the “non-politi- Mr. Harper no longer displays open Throughout his career, in politics and cian” who now holds the highest contempt for the press gallery. Now he the private sector, he has focused on political office in hides his contempt.”); but he has never decentralizing both power and taxing Canada. We focus hesitated to use them to get his ideas authority. His aim is a severely re- on Harper’s rise to across. He made his political reputation stricted role for the federal government power and how he as an advocate of Western regionalism, in social areas (such as health), which got to where he is. but became one of the founders and the he feels should be almost exclusively We also suggest some of the places leader of Canada’s newest national provincial responsibilities. On the other where he may be party. hand, he would have the federal govern- taking us. Harper was probably happiest as the ment act more effectively in interna- leader of a lobby group, the National tional areas such as defence. Citizens Coalition. Here he had the Ultimately, Harper’s aim is a majority YV Sections freedom to speak out on a number of Conservative government. To do this he marked with this issues without concern for how they hopes to form what Sean Gordon symbol indicate would play out for the fortunes of any (Toronto Star, February 18, 2006) content suitable for one political party. Nevertheless, when quotes a Conservative party official younger viewers. the Canadian Alliance began to disinte- calling “a permanent, national, centre- grate under the leadership of Stockwell right coalition in this country.” Harper Day, Harper returned to politics, and he himself has indicated this. During the handily defeated Day for the leader’s election he spoke of his dream that the position. He then merged the Alliance Conservatives would replace the Liber- with the Progressive Conservatives als as the natural governing party. (something many observers felt would Meanwhile, only a few weeks old, his never happen) and fulfilled the conser- new government already faces a num- vative dream of uniting the right. When ber of challenges. Some of these are a he won the leadership of the united result of Harper’s own actions. The party, he committed himself to an appointment of former Liberal cabinet attempt for the ultimate political minister David Emerson as the new prize—prime minister. Minister of International Trade is one An evangelical Christian, Harper has example. Emerson outraged the electors resisted the pressure from elements of in his riding by switching parties to the political parties he has belonged to accept the position. At the request of or has led—Reform, Canadian Alliance, members of the NDP and Liberal and Conservative—to make socially parties, Canada’s chief ethics officer is conservative positions central to his undertaking an investigation to deter- CBC News in Review • March 2006 • Page 31 mine if Harper or Emerson violated the ised to do this together with the prov- Did you know . parliamentary code of behaviour. This inces within the requirements of the act. At 46 years of age, is a stunning setback for a government Meanwhile, Alberta has announced Stephen Harper is Canada’s fifth elected as the champion of ethical what it calls a “Third Way” in health youngest prime behaviour. care, one that would allow physicians to minister. Interest- Some challenges will come as a result practise in both the public and private ingly, the other of his legislative agenda. Harper has systems. Almost all commentators have younger four, Brian announced a series of priorities that he described this as a clear violation of the Mulroney, Joe hopes to accomplish during his first Canada Health Act—and one that the Clark, Kim Campbell, and term (see “The PM” on page 36). Some Prime Minister will have to address. Arthur Meighen, of these—such as the reduction of the The Conservative government has set were all leaders of GST—may prove extremely difficult clear goals and is determined to govern Conservative for a minority government to accom- with those goals always in mind. The parties. plish, should the loss of revenue result Liberal leadership contest that will take in the curtailment of programs popular place over the next year or so should with other parties. give the government an opportunity to Finally, some challenges will come focus on its program. When the minor- from other governments. For example, ity government falls, as it inevitably Harper has confirmed his party’s sup- will, Canadians will definitely know port for the Canada Health Act. While Stephen Harper far better than they now he has promised to find ways of reduc- do. How his minority government ing treatment wait times, he has prom- performs will determine his future. For Discussion Stephen Harper is often described as a “policy wonk”; that is, a person who takes a detailed interest in all aspects of political policy. He is also seen as deeply committed to any policy he espouses—to the point where he finds compromise difficult. How do you think this will affect the way he governs— especially given that his government is a minority one? In your view, what strategy should Harper follow in order to win acceptance of his policies while not having a parliamentary majority? CBC News in Review • March 2006 • Page 32 STEPHEN HARPER: THE PATH TO POWER YV Video Review 1. What aspect of politics has always driven Stephen Harper? Please answer the questions in the spaces provided. 2. How did Albertans view Pierre Trudeau’s National Energy Policy? Quote “The immediate priority is to stay 3. Why was Harper keen to become Jim Hawkes’s assistant? out of trouble and show we can govern.” — Con- servative insider (Toronto Star, 4. What part of the political process in Ottawa bothered Harper? February 18, 2006) 5. At the University of Calgary, what was the expectation Harper’s future career would be? 6. How does Andy Crooks describe Harper’s role with Preston Manning? 7. In what year was Harper first elected to Parliament? ____________________ 8. What was Harper’s attitude toward the “grass roots” of the Reform Party? 9. Why did Harper leave politics three years after his election as an MP? 10. When he was leader of the National Citizens Coalition, what did Harper urge Albertans to do? 11. In 2001, whom did Harper defeat for the leadership of the Alliance Party? 12. How long do you think Harper’s minority government will survive? Explain CBC News in Review • March 2006 • Page 33 STEPHEN HARPER: THE PATH TO POWER YV The Man The path to power for Canada’s newest also in 1987 that Manning named Further Research Prime Minister was far from a tradi- Harper the party’s chief policy officer. Good brief bio- tional one. Born in Toronto in 1959, Ever since, Harper has had a great graphical informa- tion on Stephen Harper attended public schools in reputation as a policy specialist. His Harper is available Leaside and Etobicoke. Following his positions are clear and articulate, based on the CBC Web high school graduation in 1978, he on long-held beliefs and consistent from site at www.cbc.ca/ moved to Alberta to work in the oil and year-to-year. During the 2006 election news/background/ gas industry. Harper returned to school campaign Harper himself said: “I don’t harper_stephen/ at the University of Calgary, where he think my fundamental beliefs have and at www.cbc.ca/ news/background/ received a BA in economics. He later changed in a decade. But certainly my conservativeparty/ completed a Master’s degree in the views on individual issues have leadership.html. same subject. At the time, he seemed evolved, and I deal with the situation as For a provocative destined for a career as a university I find it” (www.cbc.ca/news/back- analysis of Stephen professor. ground/harper_stephen/). Harper the politi- cian, see John It was at this time that Harper became Harper first ran for Parliament in the Geddes’ article for associated with what became known as 1988 federal election; like all other Maclean’s at the Calgary School, a group of largely Reform candidates, he was defeated www.macleans.ca/ U.S.-born or U.S.-educated political (something he had indicated to his main topstories/politics/ theorists. One of their major themes opponent—none other than Jim article.jsp?content= 20050509_105134_105134. was that a central Canadian elite was in Hawkes—he hoped would happen). charge in Ottawa and that it ignored or Harper’s main contribution in this actively opposed Western Canadian election was his authorship of the interests. Reform Party platform. Harper first became involved in The 1993 election saw the devasta- politics as an opponent to the federal tion of the Progressive Conservative Liberals’ National Energy Policy be- Party and the rise of Reform.
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