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Home , Chandni Chowk, New Delhi, Old Delhi

CITY LEVEL PROJECTS

CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERE GATE Guidelines and Redevelopment Strategies (An ISO 9001 : 2008 Certiied Organisation)

Delhi Urban Art Commission

Prof. Dr. P.S.N. Rao Chairman

Sonali Bhagwati Member Samir Mathur Member Sonali Rastogi Member Member & Addl. Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development Vinod Kumar Secretary

DUAC Staf

Rajeev Kumar Gaur, Raghvendra , Amit Mukherji, V. K.Tyagi, Uma Bhati, Nishi Sachdeva, Manju Anjali, Sagar, Indu Rawat, Nihal Chand

Senior Consultant Ashok. B. Lall Consultants Abhishek Gaurav Ranu Farooqui Sulabh Goel Preface

DELHI URBAN ART COMMISSION with gratitude duly acknowledges the valuable contributions of the following in making this report:

Raj Rewal Former Chairman, DUAC The of Delhi, of this vast land of diversities, is a city laden with layers of history, Satish Khanna Former Member, DUAC Eric P. Mall Former Member, DUAC a place where civilizations have lived, prospered and perished over centuries. The modern D. Diptivilasa Former Member DUAC & Addl. Secretary, Ministry of Urban Development city today, built over and around a rich tapestry of heritage, presents an opportunity at every turn, to allow for co-existence of the past, present and the future. In order to understand this multidimensional urban spectrum and attempt to plan the future, various Organisations/Others city level studies have been initiated by the DUAC. I hope that these studies will help Ministry of Urban Development, Government of the planners of modern day Delhi to carefully articulate urban space, structure, form and Delhi Development Authority environment and sensitively address future requirements. Government of National Capital of Delhi I convey my thanks to all the Consultants and Members of the Commission who have Municipal Corporation tirelessly worked on this research project to bring out this document. I also take this Municipal Corporation opportunity to place on record my sincere appreciation of the efforts of Secretary and Municipal Corporation other staff of DUAC for providing the necessary administrative support to make this Municipal Council happen. Geospatial Delhi Limited I fondly hope that the authorities of the local, state and national government take these Rail Corporation studies seriously and implement, in right earnest, the suggestions given herein. Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board BSES Rajdhani Power Limited March, 2015 Sd/- BSES Power Limited Prof. Dr. P.S.N. Rao RWA Chairman, DUAC Contents Summary 1 Existing Context 6 Shahjahanabad, the walled city area of Delhi, gives a distinct image of itself which varies 1.1 Area Context 6 across generations. For an average Delhite, this distinct image comprises mosques, 1.2 Evolution 6 , bazaars, , katras, maze of narrow by-lanes. 1.3 Area Location 7 Evolving over centuries, the area tells many stories. In today’s times, the story being 1.4 Connectivity and Transport Conditions 8 narrated is of negligence and an existing mess of choked market movement, intense 1.5 Building Use 9 commerce, a maze of dark, narrow alleyways and a great tangle of billboards and electric 1.6 Heritage 9 cables; these give identity to this area. 1.7 Urban Fabric 10 The area is plagued with problems of trafic congestion, infrastructure deterioration, 1.8 Why Revitalization? 11 unauthorized construction, dilapidated housing conditions and conversion of residential premises to nonresidential uses. It is in need of an upgradation so as to provide a better 2 Recommendations 12 urban environment, backed by shifting of non-conforming activities and uplifting the 2.1 Revitilazation Strategy 12 standards of physical and social infrastructure and revival of old glory. 2.2 Redefining the Urban Fabric 14 There is a need to evolve a strategy that will trigger off the redevelopment process and 2.3 Adaptive Reuse of Historical Buildings 15 give it a new lease of life and lead the development process in continuity. The report 2.4 Transport and Circulation 16 intends to explore various aspects of the old historic core of the city in relation to the 2.5 Social Node Spaces and Identification of Refuge Area 18 changing needs of the spaces and activities thriving in the area including mobility issues and commercial functions. This study aims at providing strategies and guidelines for urban Conclusion 19 3 renewal of the old city fabric to rejuvenate itself and for social and cultural life to thrive in the city. An attempt is being made to develop guidelines for regeneration of the urban fabric by a conservation approach which retains the overall character of the walled city. 6 EXISTING CONTEXT CITY LEVEL PROJECT 1.1 Area Context hhaaaa nA 68Sajhnbdi 84Shahjahanabadin2014 Shahjahanabadin 1864 Shahjahanabad in AD 1638 alleys, neighbourhoodsandmarkets. complexity of ofarich its character with chowks (squares). above theshops and interspersed lining itonbothsides, withresidences a distinctvisualcharacter. Ithadshops was itscommercialcentrepiece, with the seventh cityofDelhi. came tobeknown asShahjahanabad, mid-1600s by Shahjahan. The newcity as ‘’ was founded inthe The walledcityofDelhi, now known 1.2 Evolution in thearea. density, structures anddilapidatedheritage socialinfrastructure the presentdemandofcommercialuse, depletingresidential a specialzone, itisinneedofamajor overhaul inkeeping with andgodowns. mainly commercialconsistingofwholesaletrade Zone A andSubzone C-1. The presentpredominantlanduseis Kashmere Gate. intheareaincludesRedFort, landmarks fulillingthedaily requirementsofthepeople.others The major amenitiesandfacilitieslike schools, and necessary markets connected and, therefore, hasincloseproximity allthe Railway StationandNicholsonRoad. The studyareaiswell The studyareastretchesover 29.6habetween OldDelhi This organic growth lent thecity This organic The boulevardofChandniChowk Due totheconlicting natureofthisareabeingcovered under As pertheMPD2021andZonalPlan, thearealiesunder

morphology of thearea. morphology the rest, thuschanging theurban ofthecity from cutting offthenorth many buildings andgardens, but ofthecity,heart notonly demolishing railways in1864cutting through the here. introducedthe The British colonial buildings were constructed andmany oftheearly thatera during powerthe centreofadministrative and theKashmereGateareabecame Subsequently boththeDaryaganj took placeinShahjahanabad. ofthephysical space re-ordering After therevolt of1857amajor Jama Masjid

and Delhi Key Map N the area’s redevelopment. The MPDlays greateremphasis on lanes. andnarrow compact built form by amixofdifferent landuses, under aspecialzone, characterized Plan ofDelhi2021mentionsthisarea etc.wholesale markets The Master area’s majoruses includegodowns, proximity totherailway station, the commercialization, andduetoits isheavy the majorchangesobserved decades afterIndependence. Oneof has changedover ofseveral aperiod

The character ofthewalledcity The character To Road Outer Ring Road GT Delhi North

To Shahdara

T o Mathura o Vikas Marg

NH 24

Y

am una residential. The identiied uses, continue theeconomy toplay oftheplace. amajorroleindriving –aswellmainly asasmallpercentageof accommodatingcommercial–both retail orwholesaleandindustrial uses thathave incompactbuilt form, similarities high-densitydevelopments, circulation spaceandlow-rise narrow As perMasterPlanofDelhi2021, by amixofdifferent theareacomesunderaspecialzone land andcharacterized nature ofthearea, congestion. itwitnessesheavy trafic ofgoodsmeantfor cargo. beingused forDelhi Railway storage Stationwiththeareamajorly Duetothecommercial andlightmachines. Regionalconnectivityisprovided ofmotorparts byarea consistofmajorwholesaletrade Old Metro station. interestsuchas The area has initsproximity placesofhistoric Town etc. Hall, Shikoh Library Dara This the areatorestofcity. Metroconnectivityisprovided by KashmereGateMetrostationandChandniChowk bounded by two roads, andHamiltonRoadtothesouth. NicholsonRoadinthenorth These two roadsconnect comesunder wardNo77–KashmereGateand80ChandniChowk.The areaofintervention Itis 1.3 Area Location

Legend Metro Line - to Rithala to - Line Metro Ward Boundary -80 Ward Boundary Metro- Yellow -HUDA) Line(JahangirPuri Area ofStudy

Tis Hazari Metr

o Stn

Naya Bazaar Road

Lala Har Mori Gate Road

de Ward Boundary -77 Ward Boundary

v Sahai Marg Mori Gate Road Lala Har

de

v Sahai Marg

Old Delhi Railwa Delhi Old Hamilton Road Hamilton

Nicholson Road

SP Mukherji Marg

Kashmer Metr

Hamilton Road Hamilton Old Delhi Rail Delhi Old

Chandni Cho Metr

o Stn

T

OWN HALL

o Stn

e Gate y Station y

KASHMERE GATE Lothian Road Lothian

wk

KASHMERE GATE

wayStation

to Jahan gir Puri gir Jahan to Area ofStudy

Nicholson Road Metr o Line - - Line o Kashmere Gate

Ward no77

Ward no80 CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE NH2 Road Gandhi Mahatma NH2

Church St. James Netaji Subhash Marg Subhash Netaji

to to

Lothian Road Lothian ) Metro-Red Line(Rithala-

Metr o Line - - Line o IP University

RED FOR

Metr NH2 Mahatma Gandhi Road Gandhi Mahatma NH2

o Line - to Shahdara

T

7 EXISTING CONTEXT 1.4 Connectivity and Transport Conditions 1.5 Building Use

Nicholson Road Nicholson Road Lothian Road

EXISTING CONTEXT EXISTING Lothian Road CONTEXT EXISTING Legend for Land Use map for the Area of Intervention Residential: 2.92%

Commercial: 72.33%

Mixed Use: 7.73%

Institutional: 1.9%

Mori Gate Road

Mori Gate Road A Hamilton Road Open Spaces: 0.12% A’ Hamilton Road Circulation: 15% Old Delhi Rail Old Delhi Railway Station way Station Source: Geospatial, Site Survey Legend Connectivity Map of Area of Study Area of Intervention Total Area of the Study - 29.6 ha (73.11 Acres) Primary Roads Sub Arterial Roads Secondary Collector Roads Local Streets Land Use Map of Area of Study Source: Geospatial, Site Survey Area of Intervention - 4 ha (9.88 Acres) Dead urban Inadequate Lack of basic ROW is encroached upon The edge lacks clarity due to façade is a walking space & amenities makes the by parking due to absence of lack of maintenance • The study area is primarily commercial as it constitutes 72.33% of the total land use. This is due to the presence of major safety encroachment area less user- regulated parking for commercial shops and godowns, which are in proximity to the cargo handling unit of the Old Delhi Railway Station. issue. make it unusable. friendly. area, resulting in spillover. • The residential component is only 2.92% as people working in the godowns/workshops/shops reside here. • Mixed use component of the land use is 7.73% as it consists of shops abutting major streets while internal properties have been converted into godowns and the upper loors are used as either ofices or stores. Among mixed use, the residential component is presently on second loors and above. • Some of the buildings have façades of historical importance. The structural condition of the buildings present in the area is otherwise satisfactory but still there are few dilapidated structures is the vicinity.

1.6 Heritage This part of the study area has Kashmere Gate, a central ASI protected and Dara Shikoh Library, a state protected monument. Within the intervention area there are a few building which have heritage value (architecturally) but their present state calls for preserving their essence to maintain the character of the area and develop socio- cultural ties. 12 m

100 m

200 m

Section AA’: Showing transportation issues on Hamilton Road The transport associated issues in various colonies

Hamilton Road Nicholson Road 100 m

Buses ply on this road but lack of bus 50 m stops is a hindrance for connectivity, but Due to inconsistent ROW, this road is devoid Public Transport the encroachment of ROW’s makes it of public transport resulting in total disconnect dificult to provide space for them. from Metro station. Legend Central ASI protected Inter-Modal Connectivity and NMVs plying in the area lack designated pick up points as well as regulated parking spaces. Last Monument Parking for Para Transit Systems mile connectivity and subsequent services to Metro stations absent due to lack of linkages. State ASI protected Monument Irregular on-street parking of both commercial and private vehicles due to non-demarcated Parking spaces lead to heavy encroachment of ROW in this area. Heritage Map of Area of Study Source: Geospatial, Site Survey

8 CITY LEVEL PROJECT CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE 9 10 EXISTING CONTEXT CITY LEVEL PROJECT The associated issues 1.7 Urban Fabric Mapping UrbanFabricof Area ofStudy Internal Circulation Internal Land UseFunctions Built form Mori Gate Road 1 2

6 Hamilton Road Hamilton 5 1 3 5 4 widths ofthebylanes. commercial nature. Vehicular movement road due tocul-de-sacsandnarrow gets restricted footfall witnessedby tolarger theareadueits bylanes whichareinsuficient incatering Much ofthedependencefor connectivitybetween isthroughnarrow thebuilt forms like banksandschoolsaswell. The areaconsistsmostly ofshopsand godowns. spacesandsomeofthemareused for institutionalpurposes plotsactsasstorage The larger hasamplelightandprovidesform ventilation. spaces. plotshavingcourtyard few Even alleysthebuilt ofthelarger central innarrow fromG+1toG+3withnosetbacks.Building heightvaries is compactwith The building form 7

8

Old Delhi Rail Delhi Old wayStation 2 6

Nicholson Road

3 7 Lothian Road Lothian Source: Geospatial, SiteSurvey 8 4 1.8 Why Revitalization? functions andusers. both. willhelptoimprove environment ofaplace, theexternal Suchintervention andthusenable aninluxofnew maintained. caneitherbewithintheexistingstockofbuildings, Otherphysical interventions thepublic realm, or the city, buildings withintheareaareingood conditionandarewell toensurethatthehistorical itisimportant residents by core. creatingapositive imageoftheoldhistoric Usually, of fabric inordertoprotectthehistorical In theprocessofrevitalization, arehighly visible. physical interventions investors,This istoattract andthe visitors Physical Revitalization c. Socialrevitalization b. Economicrevitalization a. Physical revitalization existence. Intheprocessofrevitalizing, thedynamicprocessmust besuccessfultoexpressitselfinthreeareas: orforRevitalizing: thecontinuation ofameaningfulorpurposeful areasbacktoitscapacityfor survival Bringing Social revitalization manifests the habilitation approach to preserve local heritage while revitalizing the historical area. whilerevitalizingthehistorical localheritage Social revitalization manifests thehabilitationapproach topreserve lifestyle. core. activitiesandthecontemporary activities inthehistorical Socialrevitalization reconcilesthetraditional past. ofourrich memories they carry Therefore, socialrevitalizationisneededtoenhance socialgrowth andthecultural dynamic activities. shouldberetainedbecause ofbuildingAs thecityrenewsitselfspatialandphysical grain character shouldbealively andvital placefor itscommunity andregionduetoitsambience,A historical culture and Social Revitalization placesintheurbanspace. the functionalactivitiesathistorical theeconomy.stimulates theactivities andregenerates torevitalize Rehabilitationandadaptive usearevitalstrategies zone.Functional activitiesandeconomy ofahistorical aretheresourcestosustainlifespan oftheappearance It Economic andFunctionalRevitalization • Todevelopment future the facilitate the of • Improvingby legibility area on open redesigning • and area’sthe character traditional Preserving • Improvementphysicalthe in built and CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE revitalization ofthewalledcity. oftheoverall planfor the also bethepart Chowk,Town Hall, KashmereGate. This can spaceslike RedFort, Chandni and cultural social neighbourhoods andotherimportant urban centreinconnectionwithadjacent andlively regenerated area asanimportant local residents. strengthen thesenseofcommunity living for area) inordertoimprove thequalityoflife and limitedinthe public spaces(whicharevery incentives. andtransferable grants by government besupported it canfurther rehabilitation andreuseofabandonedbuildings, initiativesActing asacatalyst for for private the heritage. andcultural promoting itsarchitectural broaderregeneration. attract soasto functional andaestheticrefabrication environment oftheneighbourhoodthroughits

11 EXISTING CONTEXT 12 RECOMMENDATIONS CITY LEVEL PROJECT 2.1 Revitalization Strategy

Mori Gate Road Redevelopment Edge Edge Adaptive Reuse Urban Fabric Redeining

Hamilton Road Inducing Urban Relief Spaces economic regeneration. at itsbroader socio- it more attractive, aiming the area. itmakes Further the downgraded imageof amelioration andcounter functional andaesthetic will helpinachieve environmenturban Upgradation ofphysical Redeining Mobility residents andvisitors. quality oflife for help improve the mobility modescan and othersustainable public transportation the improvement of by supported further urban environment Creating anattractive

Old Delhi Railway Station

Nicholson Road Lothian Road Lothian CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE

13 RECOMMENDATIONS 14 RECOMMENDATIONS Existing Section Existing UrbanFabric Key Map 2.2 Redeining the Urban Fabric CITY LEVEL PROJECT higher densityandmixed uses. underused buildingstockstoachieve and redeveloping existingvacantand Optimizing useoflandresources aeos Warehouse Shop Warehouse 1.8 m Shop Residential 5. Removal ofwarehouseswillhelpreducecongestion and 4. toallow for parking Edge buildings canberestructured 3. Providenodes. social of for form spacesin relief urban 2. Allow for provision ofamenitiesby identiicationofspaces 1. Redevelop existingbuildings throughplotamlagamation Strategies andGuidelines residential density. free upspaceinbuilding envelope toinducehigher provided asincentive. space inthebasementandmore retailactivitiescouldbe lying vacantorunderused. and promoteamoreliveable community. needs ofthearea. would createwiderby-lanesThis inturn to which would helpinengagingofactivitiesconforming Density Proposed ofResidential SectionShowing Insertion Shop Shop Residential Proposed BuildingFabric 3.5 m Services Shop Shop Residential 2.3 Adaptive Reuse ofHistorical Buildings

Mori Gate Road

Hamilton Road Hamilton

Old Delhi Rail Delhi Old wayStation architectural heritagewithin. physical urbanenvironment by promoting Inluence CohesionPolicy ofimproving • • buildingsthe stocks of existing the of Some with • developmentthrough of landmarks important Creating • buildings to facades and historic reuse and Restore Strategies Source: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-adaptive-reuse.htm# building Examples ofadaptive reuseofahistoric

Nicholson Road etc. centre,activities like cultural museum, exhibitionspace unsafe building canberedeveloped topromote use,non-conforming vacant, dilapidatedorstructurally nodesandlendinglegibilitytothearea. heritage heritage. andcultural its architectural thearea’s character, traditional promote andpreserve

CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE Lothian Road Lothian Legend adaptive reuse Building identiied for

15 RECOMMENDATIONS 16 RECOMMENDATIONS CITY LEVEL PROJECT 2.4 Transport and Circulation Existing circulation

Proposed Circulation Network Mori Gate Road Hamilton Road Hamilton

Proposed Circulation

Old Delhi Rail Delhi Old

wa y Station y

Nicholson Road

mile connectivity. use ofpara-transitalongwithpromoting last useofprivate vehiclescurtail andencourage Mobility principlestobeintroduced which Lothian Road Lothian 5. Identiication ofspacesfor providing underground 4. toensure Longer cul-de-sacs needtobecurtailed 3. removed be to kinds all of Encroachment back get to 2. access roadswithrestricted Identiication ofinternal 1. toboostpara- Development ofcirculationnetwork Strategies Road and Mori Gate Road. Road andMori andtherefore reducepressureon Hamilton parking connectivity withintheareas. access bothincaseofdisaster andproviding seamless of emergency. the ROWs incase toprovide accesstoirepersonnel lanes. the internal vehicles entering for vehicles andthrough roadstokeep offunwanted mile connectivity. movementtransit withinthesiteandimprove onlast CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE Legend Legend Parking Proposed Underground vehicular entry restricted Proposed circulationwith to metro vehicular andNMV access Proposed Connectionwith thorough movement Roads identiied for circulation Existing Roadsfor

17 RECOMMENDATIONS 18 RECOMMENDATIONS Proposed spacesfor refuge area andsocialnodes CITY LEVEL PROJECT Inclusion Management andSocial Infrastructure, Disaster Improvements intheUrban Integrated Development: 2.5 Social Node Spaces and Identiication ofRefuge Area

Mori Gate Road • physicalthe from area,the of planning Apart made be should residents the • nodes spaces/social interaction as used otherwise are areas refuge These • for points collection asact which areas refuge housesthe Italso the • able is plan proposed The are which area the spacesin open create to • adoptingBy plot amalgamation as one of the methods for Revitalization of Strategies for theresidents developed/used astheonly greenspacespossible inthearea. through capacity building programmes tominimize casualties through capacity building programmes atregularintervals aware ofthedisastermitigationtechniquesand drills

and directedtothequickest evacuationroutewithoutcreatingany panic. residents inwake ofadisasteroussituationsothattheycanbeinstructed proposed streetinevent ofacalamity. management authorities, theirvehicles andequipmentsuitable tothe ofdisaster disaster mitigationapproachsoastoincreasethepenetration 3.5m. The proposed width of the streets are kept in accordance with the urban spaces, theexistingstreetgetswidenedtoaminimum standardof

Hamilton Road Hamilton

Old Delhi Rail Delhi Old

wa y Station y

Nicholson Road

Conclusion between economic development, socialinclusion andtheprotectionof built environment. another aspectthatneedsto be consideredfor eficientinstitutionaltools thatwillhelpinestablishing interrelationships shops, craft oftraditional and adaptive centre etc. reuseintheform cultural Developing acohesive planningpolicyis city. residences, ofprivate Investment ofrestoration canbe in theform plotamalgamation, ofexisting the upgrading ofthewalled inthispart investors The implementationoftheco-funded projectscanbeofmoreinteresttoprivate goals. ofachievingstructured interms important andimplementationagenciesare very Identiication ofstakeholders andothersustainable mobility modescanhelpaddresstheissuesplaguingarea.enhancement ofpublic transport process.closely linked regeneration totheestablishment ofanintegrated issuessuchasplacemakingandthe 2021, combinedwiththesitespeciicguidelines for thisarea. The overallis objective oftheregeneration oftheMasterPlan project is basedontheobjectives andframework The successofthisUrbanRegeneration Lothian Road Lothian CHANDNI CHOWK AND KASHMERI GATE Legend Identiied Refuge Area/Social Nodes Identiied OpenGreenSpaces

19 RECOMMENDATIONS (An ISO 9001 : 2008 Certiied Organisation)

Delhi Urban Art Commission

The Delhi Urban Art Commission was set up by an Act of in 1973 to “advise the in the matter of preserving, developing and maintaining the aesthetic quality of urban and environmental design within Delhi and to provide advice and guidance to any local body in respect of any project of building operations or engineering operations or any development proposal which affects or is like to affect the skyline or the aesthetic quality of the surroundings or any public amenity provided therein”. (An ISO 9001 : 2008 Certiied Organisation)

fnYyh uxj dyk vk;ksx Delhi Urban Art Commission Tel: 24619593, 24618607, 24690821, 24636191, Fax: 24648970 Email: [email protected] Website: www.duac.org