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The Cryptozoology Thesaurus

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The Cryptozoology Thesaurus And God Loren Coleman said, “Let the waters bring forth swarms of living creatures, ​ ​ and let birds fly above the earth across the dome of the sky.” So God Loren Coleman ​ ​ created the great sea monsters and every living creature that moves. Genesis 1:20 Calley Morrison Jesse Stanley Lizzie Strumolo Andrea Zachary 1 Table of Contents Dedication . 3 ……………………………………………………………………………… Introduction ... 4 …………………………………………………………………………… Purpose .. 4 ………………………………………………………………………………… Intended Audience 5 ……………………………………………………………………… Scope of the Cryptozoology Thesaurus . 5 ………………………………………………… Features of the Cryptozoology Thesaurus . 6 ……………………………………………… Structure ... 6 …………………………………………………………………… … Term Entry 8 ……………………………………………………………………… Notation .. 10 …………………………………………………………………… … Facets .. 10 …………………………………………………………………… …… Sources Consulted ... 11 ………………………………………………………………… … Alphabetical Schedule . 12 ………………………………………………………………… Hierarchical Schedule .. 68 ………………………………………………………………… 2 Dedication To Loren Coleman, with love and admiration. 3 Introduction The Cryptozoology Thesaurus contains terms applicable to the domain of cryptozoology, a ​ ​ pseudoscience that concerns the study of and the search for “hidden” or unidentified animals to evaluate the possibility of their existence. Bernard Heuvelmans, generally considered to be the father of modern cryptozoology, defined the field as “the scientific study of animal forms, the existence of which is based only on testimonial or circumstantial evidence, or on material proof judged insufficient by some” (Heuvelmans, 1996, p. xxv). The unknown animals that are the subject of cryptozoological study are usually referred to as cryptids. Many cryptids in this domain are well known, such as bigfoot, yeti, and the Loch Ness Monster, but cryptids also include mythological creatures and creatures currently or previously thought to be extinct (e.g., the coelacanth, a fish thought to be extinct since the end of the Cretaceous period, but an extant specimen was discovered in 1938). The Cryptozoology Thesaurus can be thought of as a guidebook to the core concepts of ​ ​ cryptozoology. This resource collects those core concepts belonging to the field of cryptozoology through lists of terms that have been thoughtfully organized in order to map both the breadth and depth of the knowledge associated with the field. Purpose This thesaurus is designed to provide a controlled, structured vocabulary to improve access to information about cryptozoology for indexing, retrieval, and research purposes. Indexing1: This thesaurus may be used in indexing, documenting, or cataloging ​ information resources about cryptozoology for subject catalogers and indexers. This thesaurus provides the preferred names and terms for people, places, and things related to cryptozoology. Its hierarchical structure and classification scheme may also be used in determining the relationship of information. Retrieval: This thesaurus may be used as an instrument to assist in information retrieval in ​ databases and on the web. Research: This thesaurus also contains information and domain-specific knowledge that ​ may be valuable to researchers interested in cryptozoology. In constructing the relationships among the terms, the authors of this thesaurus have attempted to reflect the most common usage of these terms in the field of cryptozoology, which may be distinct 1 According to the ANSI/NISO Z39.19-2005, indexing is “a method by which terms or subject headings from a controlled vocabulary are selected by a human or computer to represent the concepts in or attributes of a content object. The terms may or may not occur in the content object” (p. 6) 4 from other fields or colloquial usage. As the field of cryptozoology is somewhat informal, at times the authors have had to infer the meaning of terms and their places in the hierarchy. Intended Audience The field of cryptozoology attracts a wide range of people who are drawn to the field for very different purposes. While cryptozoology is widely considered to be a pseudoscience by the mainstream scientific establishment, it often uses scientific methodologies, such as the formulation and testing of hypotheses, the collection of empirical evidence, and peer-review. However, cryptozoology also attracts those interested in the more fantastical aspects of the domain, including aficionados interested in popular culture and amateur cryptid hunters. This thesaurus focuses on the more scientific aspect of cryptozoology and is designed for users who share the scientific perspective with a higher likelihood of being involved in academic pursuits. These academic pursuits may include conducting and organizing cryptozoological research, so the thesaurus was designed for these types of activities. One intended audience is comprised of researchers interested in one or more scientific aspects of the field. This includes cryptozoologists, folklore enthusiasts, and anyone who has a general interest in researching the history, scientific ties, social implications, and cultural context of cryptozoology. Another intended audience for the Cryptozoology Thesaurus is information professionals interested in indexing or ​ ​ retrieving documents related to cryptozoology in order to improve access to resources. This may include catalogers, subject indexers, and researchers. In addition, these persons may be interested in creating links among online cryptozoological resources and may use this thesaurus to help create semantic links to controlled vocabularies such as the Dublin Core or Library of Congress Subject Headings. Scope of the Cryptozoology Thesaurus This thesaurus serves as a starting point in the effort to create a controlled vocabulary for cryptozoological resources. It is not meant to be an exhaustive resource, but rather a starting point. The concepts in this thesaurus are expressed in a set of carefully selected descriptors, or preferred terms. Currently, there are 97 preferred terms that refer to those core concepts important in the domain of cryptozoology, and an additional 289 secondary terms (known as lead-in terms) representing both synonyms and secondary, yet relevant, concepts in the field. These preferred terms were chosen with the two intended audiences in mind, and therefore cover a lot of ground within the field and related disciplines. This thesaurus attempts to provide a strong overarching framework of the scope of the concepts found within. Cryptozoology is generally considered distinct from other pseudosciences like ufology or parapsychology in that it is concerned with non-supernatural animals that have simply not yet been 5 identified by mainstream science. As a result, this thesaurus covers a range of concepts within the field of cryptozoology related to the more scientific aspects of cryptozoology. It includes terms from academic disciplines and areas of scientific study that are closely linked to cryptozoology such as paleontology, biology, chemistry, and anthropology. Additionally, there are terms related to mythology, folklore, and traditional indigenous accounts that incorporate the more historical aspect of cryptozoology. There are also concepts related to conspiracy theories, hoaxes, skepticism, pop culture, monster hunters, and the allure of the great unknown to account for the modern cultural fascination that cryptozoology has garnered over time. Finally, there are the cryptids themselves. The cryptids covered in this thesaurus fit into two general groups: (1) living animals that are thought to have been extinct or fictitious but whose existence has now been scientifically proven and (2) animals that have no scientific evidence proving their existence. That is, the first group contains terms and concepts that refer to animals that were previously considered cryptids, until evidence was found that proved their existence (e.g., coelacanth and thylacine) and the second group contains terms and concepts that refer to animals whose existence has not yet been accepted by the scientific community. This second group also contains cryptids that have been described in folklore, mythology, and traditional narratives. This thesaurus adheres to the standards established in ISO 2788, Documentation – Guidelines ​ for the establishment and development of monolingual thesauri, and ANSI/NISO Z39.19-2005, Guidelines for ​ ​ the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies. These standards guided ​ the selection of terms, formatting the display of terms, and establishing and displaying types of relationships among terms. These standards should be consulted for guiding efforts to add to and maintain this thesaurus. Features of the Cryptozoology Thesaurus Structure The Cryptozoology Thesaurus is structured to enable both searching and browsing. In general, ​ ​ the terms contained in this thesaurus have been broken down into the smallest possible concepts. As a result, they are direct entries. Due to the limited scope of this thesaurus, terms were carefully selected in order to represent the largest number of concepts related to cryptozoology. Preferred terms were chosen to represent concepts because they were more well-known or represented a high-level grouping that encompassed several related lead-in terms. Only the names of people are rotated (e.g., Heuvelmans, Bernard) in order to stay consistent with the more standard formatting found in bibliographical entries. This is because users are accustomed to looking for a person by last name.
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