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Naval War College Review Volume 62 Article 1 Number 4 Autumn 2009 Full Autumn 2009 Issue The .SU . Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The .SU . (2009) "Full Autumn 2009 Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 62 : No. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol62/iss4/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Autumn 2009 Volume 62, Number 4 Volume Naval War College: Full Autumn 2009 Issue AA WAR COLLEGENAVAL REVIEW Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2009 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Autumn 2009 R COL WA LEG L E A A I V R A N O T C I V I R A M S U S B E I T R A T I T H S E V D U E N T I Naval War College Review, Vol. 62 [2009], No. 4, Art. 1 Cover USS Augusta in Narragansett Bay, 2 May 1941, a watercolor painting by the marine artist Ian Marshall. The scene shows the heavy cruiser USS Augusta (CA 31) on the day that Admiral Ernest J. King broke his four-star flag in Augusta as Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet. The ship is moored to a buoy on the Jamestown side of the bay (that is, near Conanicut Island, visible to the left), Admiral King’s preferred loca- tion; the Naval War College and a signal tower next to Pringle Hall are in the dis- tant background (to the right), and two ship’s boats are approaching—perhaps from the Newport, Rhode Island, fleet landing, or from other ships—to join three already riding to a boom. The cruiser was to be in Newport nearly con- tinuously until January 1942, when King became Chief of Naval Operations. The tower and the tall antennas visible be- yond the College complex were removed in the 1960s and ’70s. The painting was commissioned by the Naval War College Museum, using funds provided by the Naval War College Foun- dation, to record a local scene not other- wise visually recorded in the Museum’s collections. The painting, delivered on 29 September 2008, hung in the Museum’s Predators and Guard Dogs: An Exhibit of the Works of Ian Marshall from 12 Feb- ruary to 30 June 2009 and then joined the permanent collection, in a new display case installed through the generosity of Robert Alvine’s gift to the Foundation and Museum. Born in Fife, Scotland, and originally trained as an architect, Ian Marshall lives today on Mount Desert Island in Maine. He is the author of five books illustrated by his meticulously accurate historical ship paintings, and his work hangs in the permanent collections of many museums in the United States and Europe. https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol62/iss4/1 2 Naval War College: Full Autumn 2009 Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Autumn 2009 Volume 62, Number 4 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2009 3 Naval War College Review, Vol. 62 [2009], No. 4, Art. 1 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. James P. Wisecup, USN Capt. Wayne P. Hughes, USN (Ret.) PROVOST Gale A. Mattox Amb. Mary Ann Peters Robert A. Silano Marin Strmecki DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Dov S. Zakheim Robert C. Rubel NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW EDITORIAL BOARD Carnes Lord, Editor Donald Chisholm Pelham G. Boyer, Managing Editor Audrey Kurth Cronin Phyllis P. Winkler, Book Review Editor Peter Dombrowski Lori A. Almeida, Secretary and Circulation Manager Stephen Downes-Martin Frank Uhlig, Jr., Editor Emeritus Col. Theodore L. Gatchel, USMC (Ret.) Capt. Dennis Mandsager, JAGC, USN (Ret.) Naval War College Review William C. Martel Code 32, Naval War College Col. Mackubin Owens, USMC (Ret.) 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207 Lt. Cdr. Derek S. Reveron, USN Fax: 401.841.1071 Capt. Peter M. Swartz, USN (Ret.) DSN exchange, all lines: 948 Scott C. Truver Website: www.usnwc.edu/press Karl F. Walling http://twitter.com/NavalWarCollege James J. Wirtz Editor, Circulation, or Business 401.841.2236 [email protected] Managing Editor 401.841.4552 [email protected] Newport Papers, Books [email protected] Essays and Book Reviews 401.841.6584 [email protected] Other Naval War College Offices 401.841.3089 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol62/iss4/1 4 Naval War College: Full Autumn 2009 Issue The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 as a forum for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime services. The thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the Naval War College. The journal is published quarterly. Distribution is limited generally to commands and activities of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard; regular and reserve officers of U.S. services; foreign officers and civilians having a present or previous affiliation with the Naval War College; selected U.S. government officials and agen- cies; and selected U.S. and international libraries, research centers, publications, and educational institutions. Contributors Please request the standard contributors’ guidance from the managing editor or access it online before submitting manuscripts. The Naval War College Review nei- ther offers nor makes compensation for articles or book reviews, and it assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts, although every effort is made to return those not accepted. In submitting work, the sender warrants that it is original, that it is the sender’s property, and that neither it nor a similar work by the sender has been accepted or is under consideration elsewhere. Permissions Reproduction and reprinting are subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and appli- cable treaties of the United States. To obtain permission to reproduce material bearing a copyright notice, or to reproduce any material for commercial pur- poses, contact the editor for each use. Material not bearing a copyright notice may be freely reproduced for academic or other noncommercial use; however, it is requested that the author and Naval War College Review be credited and that the editor be informed. Periodicals postage paid at Newport, R.I. POSTMASTERS, send address changes to: Naval War College Review, Code 32S, Naval War College, 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, R.I. 02841-1207. ISSN 0028-1484 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2009 5 Naval War College Review, Vol. 62 [2009], No. 4, Art. 1 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol62/iss4/1 6 Naval War College: Full Autumn 2009 Issue CONTENTS From the Editors . 5 President’s Forum . 9 U.S. Naval Options for Influencing Iran . 13 Daniel Gouré and Rebecca Grant In the event of conflict with Iran, the Navy would have perhaps the most important strategic role of all U.S. forces. Its most valuable capabilities and options, however, lie in “shaping” behavior so that conflict does not occur. Asia Rising The New Security Drama in East Asia The Responses of U.S. Allies and Security Partners to China’s Rise. 37 Evan S. Medeiros China’s rise is affecting the perceptions, interests, and policies of all nations throughout East Asia. They have responded in a variety of ways, but their reactions have not necessarily come at the expense of U.S. regional influence. Using the Land to Control the Sea? Chinese Analysts Consider the Antiship Ballistic Missile . 53 Andrew S. Erickson and David D. Yang China’s open-source literature does not establish whether that nation has, or is close to having, tactical ballistic missiles capable of effective attacks on surface ships. It does establish, however, that the Chinese are deeply interested in the idea—a potential “game changer” that would critically influence America’s place in the Pacific for decades to come—and heavily engaged in the issues involved, technically and otherwise. China’s Antiship Ballistic Missile Developments and Missing Links . 87 Eric Hagt and Matthew Durnin That China is interested in an antiship ballistic missile seems a logical and natural outgrowth of its history of robust missile development. At what stage is its development? How near to operational readiness are its key components and technologies? What would be its implications for the U.S. Navy and the naval strategic balance between the United States and China? Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2009 7 2 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Naval War College Review, Vol. 62 [2009], No. 4, Art. 1 Clear Purpose, Comprehensive Execution Raymond Ames Spruance (1886–1969) . 117 Captain Wayne P. Hughes, Jr., U.S. Navy (Retired) From two tours at the Naval War College, Spruance understood both the roles and limitations of doctrine and principles, but the great sources of his success in World War II were luck, selfless ambition, skills acquired from study and experience, and innate talent. Midway and the Indian Ocean . 131 Jeremy Black The Japanese raid into the Indian Ocean is both a great what-if of World War II and an indication of the importance of Midway. The forces that could have pursued the advantage gained in the Indian Ocean moved instead to the Pacific, to lose four carriers, and many strategic options as well, in the critical June 1942 battle.
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