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THE STORY OP LORETO By J THE STORY OP LORETO / By ' The following story is written in the hope that the reader J·lill somehm share y gratitude to a small Asian village. There ' s a very strong reason for this need to say 11 thanJr you 11 • Few men can give themselves totally to a t ask and ,mllr mmy from the cene unscathed. Such ,ms t he comm itmen t of the .1 1 :ri ter to the village of Lo reto i n the deserts of 1\Test Pakistan o The story is therefore told with a deep reverence for a people I sincerely love. Prar God, it is told well o • • 11 Even if my tongue should cleave to the roof of m mouth , I will not forget theeo 11 •• ISAIAH ,, /. The Indus Ili ver, as it hurtles do,m from its feed bed in the ,. Himalay Mountains , continuously changes course on a two thousand' mile j ourney to the seao Over the centuries, this fanning movement across the plains has deposited one of the most fertile agricultural top soils i n the world,. The depth of t his alluvial oil is proxi mate to inexhaustible. I n this lies the wealth of West Padstan, and particularly of t he Punjab Province; Bo rdering the central stretches of the Indus River, on the east bank, i~ an area call ed the ThaJ Deserto Compared to the other arees of the Punj ab, it is a poor co1sin Extremes of torrid desert he~t a 1 iminutive deer (similar in size to the medieval nicorn ) we re its only distinguishing features until the year 19~7. In that year, l arge grants in aid 1ere subscribed to the newly founp.ed nation of West Pakistan by the s8vera l members of the Co lombo Plan. This i nternational consortium established an organi­ zation for the reclamation and settlement of the Tha l Desert on the lines of the TVA in t he United Sta tes. The organization was appro­ priately called the "Thal Developm~nt Authority". The master planning of t his project, involving an area better t han. 5 illion acres of 1 nd, was a singular accomplishment. It took seven years from the conception to ctual allocation of l ands to settlers. During t his time all the legalities, the j urisdictional rights of various governing bo ies, the construction of irrigation c anal s for artif:i.cial water supply, and a network of roads was begun. They were bruta l years and portendqd greater difficulties than anyone i n their exuberance for the sc eme ha d at first envi"'a ged. Unless man has experienced the climatic .extreme of 130 degrees of heat i n t he Thal Desert, he will have difficulty understanding the strain 1 - upon men, the problems o.f machine maintenance, and the discourage­ ment upon failure to accomplish established goals. To encourage and begin settlement of this reclaimed desert, the government offered tracts of land at a minimum cost to a number of groups Pi thin the nation. These were former personnel from W1v II and the military services in general, minority religious sects, triba l units from the hills, and.refugees from the recent partition of Pakistan nd India. Not all of these groups accepted the government offer at the time, as the nation was not yet experi­ encing the., hunger for l and that was soon to be felt with the population explosion. On the other hand, the christian 1inority possessed little or no l and within the nation and took advantr,gc o{ this l and grant. They i mmediately began negotiations with the government for selection of settlers and a llocation of site in this new project area of T.D.A. Almost a year and a half later, in 19511, the Catholic christian minority village and its future inhabitants were decided upon. 1.I.1hese first allottees numbered about sixty and had been selected from almost all of the fifteen political districts of the Pun jab. Many of the character recommendations accompanying the land appli­ cations of these first allottees were of less than a complimentary character. With few exceptions , t ese christian settlers had come from the tenant farmer class, ,.,hie would in a decade be identified throug 10ut the nation with the· disreputable occupation of "sweeper". But t hey came to the Thal, and they, st yed, when many other compa- rable groups deserted after the first several months of difficulties. The christians had t he aclv ntage of nexcelled leadership in the person of a middle aged Indian Catholic priest. This man was t horoughly 2 ' . convei~sant i·ith the people , their language , and their cul·ture. His name was Fr. Thomas Concessao: a member of thP. Domini0.a11 OrilP.r= The first settlers came to the desert without their families. On an appointed day, they met Fr. Thomas at a rail1vay junction some eighteen iles distant f rom their newly assigned village. They t hen travelled this distance on foot and came across a scene as desolate as Death Valley. Ther e was only one scrub-like tree in their eighteen hundred acres of rolling sand dunes. Their day of arriva l was t he 11th of February 1954, a day whose memory the people still retain and hold in the same reverence as Americans do the I.1th of .July. In a very true senses this was the birthday of Lo reto Village. Fr. Thomas did the bacl~breaking work of settling individuals on their specific fifteen acre l and holdings as marked off by t he government 0 urveyors. He soon encountered the single physical hard­ ship of all desert dwellers -- water. 1vater for drinking, water for irrigation, water to wash the anime.ls and oneself, water for a hundred purposes -- water was the raeasure of survival in t he Thal Desert. It has been said that in the desert three things are most necessary: water, water, ·water; and in that order. Even at this early date, it was evident that the Thal Development Authority was too large a scheme to be i mp lemented with the availcble personnel and within t he resources of the new nati no The brea <Clmm in canal irrigation frustr~ted everyone and created untold hardships during the first summer of unbearable heato By the end of two years, development of the christian village was at ., a standstill, with little expectation that things would soon change . The apparent hopelessness of t~e situa ion was further accentuated - 3 - by the transfer of Fr. Thomas. His replacemen t ·was a young American priest with only two weeks' residen~y in the nation, and he had neither lrnowle<lge of the local dialect n ~ acquaintance with the culture of t he nation. The people immediately wrote a petition to their Bishop for the return of Fr. Thomas. Th ey had known and loved him; his replacemen t could never carry the burden of their difficul­ ties . At this point, the story of Loreto village unfolds as seen t hrough my mind ' s eye and my heart's upheaval , because I was the Americap. priest tha t replaced Fr. Thomas. I was thirty years of age at the ~ime of this assignment and had only a few months previously completed a long course of philosophical and theological studies. Here's how the village of Loreto looked to me. The governmen t designation of the village ·was Chak 270 T.D.A., but she ,ms named "Loreto" in honor of a famous christian shrj_ne. Lo reto village was the least of all the villages in Pakistan when I arrived. No man would have willingly chosen her , but for me she was the elected one. Her very destitution (poverty would have been a l uxury to her), her ovenvhelming sickness (better than half the t wo hundred residents were laid up with malaria) , her rat infested hovels ( squatters huts ,vi th whole families .competing for space barely sufficient for the fami ly ox ) -- all this immediately endeared her to me . She presented a challenge that young men dream of, and for me t he dream had come true. For the next four years ·we were i nseparableo This relationship ,ms to exact its price. My enthusiasm for i nstituting measures to ch nge the social scene confronting me was alien to the group of which I was a member . Five of us had arrived. in Pakistan together. I was the only one of this group living by myself. The others shared a comfortable dwelling in a . city some 175 miles mmy from Loreto villagec · One of these men, older and more experienced, had been appointed our religious Superior. His name was Fr. Louis. From the very beginning, my detailed and enthusiastic letters to him were cause for criticism. by t he conmunity. Such open criticism i n my absence laid the foundation for eventual derision of matters pertaining to the social order. We were all equa l. Equally unprepared in lrnowledge of language and customs. EquallJ~ i gnorant of t he social s ciences, and equally trained as Dominican priests. The l atter, with its emphasis on theology, became the yardstick for our \fork in the mission field. My first steps towards solution to the problems facing me were strict ya gut reaction to basic social needs . Not knowing t he l anguage and baffled by the ne,mess of the social structure 1·1here food, shelter, and clothing habits were foreign to me , I found the practice of medicine an undisguised blessing.
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