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Notice: ©1991 The Biological Society of Washington http://www.brynmawr.edu/biology/BSW/. This manuscript is an author version with the final publication available and may be cited as: Rice, A. L., & Miller, J. E. (1991). Chirostylid and galatheid crustacean associates of coelenterates and echinoderms collected from the Johnson‐Sea‐Link submersible, including a new species of Gastroptychus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 104(2), 299‐308.

18 Iune 1991 PROC. BIOL. SOc. WASH. 104(2), 1991, pp. 299- 308 CHIROSTYLID AND GALATHEID CRUSTACEAN ASSOCIATES OF COELENTERATES AND ECHINODERMS COLLECTED FROM THE JOHNSON-SEA-LINK SUBMERSIBLE, INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES OF GASTROPTYCHUS

A. L. Rice and J. E. Miller

Abstract.-A new species of chirostylid decapod crustacean, Gastroptychus salvadori, is described from a specimen collected in association with a brisingid starfish by submersible off the Bahamas. A number of other chirostylids and galatheids, collected together with their echinoderm associates in the tropical and sub-tropical western Atlantic, are also reported. Some ofthese associations were previously unsuspected. The collections suggest that at least some of the decapods live together as mated pairs on their hosts.

Traditional benthic sampling gears such lands ofBarbados and St. Vincent. Material as trawls and dredges disrupt any but the described herein has been deposited at the most robust associations between different National Museum of Natural History, animal species. Ne vertheless, there are nu­ Smithsonian Institution (USNM) and the merous reports in the literature of behav­ Harbor Branch Oceanographic Museum ioural associations between decapod crus­ (HBOM). taceans and other benthic organisms, particularly coelenterates, sponges and echi­ Family Chirostylidae noderms. Moreover, evidence for such as­ Gastroptychus salvadori, new species sociations has been found even in the fossil Figs. IA-D; 2B, D, F record (Bishop & Portell 1989). Most of these records are from relatively shallow Material. -1 ovig. female (holotype regions, but the use ofmanned submersibles USNM 239278)JSL-I-2264, off San Sal­ permits observations of such associations vador Island, Bahamas, 24°03.61 'N, to be extended to deeper waters, and par­ 74°33.37'W, 13 Sep 1988, 874 m, associ­ ticularly to areas where the use ofmore con­ ated with the brisingid starfish Novodinia ventional sampling techniques is precluded. antillensis (A. H. Clark). Observations, photographs and collections Description. (Figs. I, 2)-Carapace length made from the Johnson-Sea-Link (JSL) excluding rostrum slightly more than great­ submersibles (Harbor Branch Oceano­ est breadth. Branchial regions inflated so graphic Institution, Inc.) in the tropical and that carapace narrows both anteriorly and sub-tropical western Atlantic during recent posteriorly. Rostrum slender, upturned, years have already provided data on asso­ more than 113 length of remainder of cara­ ciations between pontoniine shrimps and pace. deep sea echinoids (Bruce 1986a, 1986b; Linea anomurica distinct, almost straight; Berggren & Svane 1989). This paper reports beneath it carapace flanks more or less even­ a small collection ofgalatheoid crustaceans ly covered with small spines except for a secured along with their associates during small, naked, depressed area immediately these and other dives off the Caribbean is- above insertion of cheliped. 300 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Above linea anomurica carapace surface indentation. Telson and uropods folded covered with close-set spines, ofwhich about tightly beneath sixth abdominal somite. 45 significantly enlarged; spination partic­ Sternum narrowed anteriorly. Small plates ularly dense in cardiac and branchial regions . at base of th ird maxillipeds each carry a Regions of carapace rather clearly de­ single spine; kite-shaped plates between marcated by grooves, carrying the following chelipeds each bear 2 prominentacute spines complement of enlarged spines; gastric re­ anteriorly and about 9 smaller ones; sternal gion with 3 unpaired and about 6 paired plates between second pair oflegs with blunt spines; small , triangular anterolateral regions tubercles, those between third and fourth each with 1 spine; hepatic regions with 1 legs unarmed. Sternite of fifth legs atro­ spine; epibranchial regions with 2 large phied. spines; metagastric region with 1pair oflarge When extended, antennular peduncle spines and about 5 intermediate spines; over-reaches rostrum by length ofthird seg­ branchial regions each with row of 4 or 5 ment; basal segment with blunt outer lobe moderately enlarged spines and additional armed with setae but no spines. large spine near mid-line; small, median, Antennal peduncle short, extending just posterior, triangular "cardiac" region with beyond eye; basal segment with short outer pair ofenlarged spines. Row ofcurved, dor­ spine; terminal peduncular segment with sally directed spines along posterior cara­ slender distoventral spine. pace border which also carries about 10 Coxa of third maxilliped with strong, small spines directed posteriorly and clearly curved spine on lower external angle; basis visible in dorsal view. with short spine on inner distal margin; is­ Abdominal tergites covered with close­ chium with row of 11-12 subequal teeth on set setae, much more abundant than on car­ inner margin; merus with very short, slight­ apace. First abdominal tergite narrow; pos­ ly hooked spine on outer distal margin; car­ terior margin a raised, rounded ridge car­ pus with blunt projection basally on outer rying about 30 short spines and ending in margin; propodus and dactyl without spines. two stout, spine-like processes representing Chelipeds and ambulatory legs long, slen­ reduced pleura. Pleura ofsomites 2-5 well­ der, very spinous; propodus, carpus, merus developed, those of somite 2 being acutely and ischium each with 6 longitudinal rows tipped, with concave anterior margin, re­ of principal spines and several subsidiary mainder becoming successively more rows of smaller spines. rounded posteriorly. Second tergite with Chelipeds about 6 times as long as cara­ raised transverse ridge anteriorly, inter­ pace and rostrum. Basis with single strong rupted in mid-line and carrying spines sim­ ventrodistal spine. Dactyl more than 1f3 ilar to those on first tergite; this spination length ofpro podus, biting edge carrying large continued onto pleura, but becoming sparse proximal truncated spine with denticulate towards tip. Third, fourth and fifth tergites summit closing between two similar spines with no significant spines, pleura all carry­ on propodus; otherwise biting edges ofboth ing low, blunt spines becoming more prom­ propodus and dactyl armed with series of inent posteriorly. Sixth tergite and pleura small spines which are particularly close-set with numerous short spines, generally be­ distally, beyond gape. . . coming more prominent posteriorly and Legs 2-4 subequal, reaching about 'Ys about 9 projecting from posterior margin of length ofcarpus ofchelipeds. Ratio ofdactyl tergite. Telson membranous, carrying setae length to propodus length decreasing from '. but no spines, consisting of 2 small proxi­ ca. 0.3 in leg 2 to ca. 0.2 in leg 4; ratio of mal and 2 larger distal rounded lobes so that propodus length to carpus length increasing posterior telson margin has shallow median from ca. 1.2 in leg 2 to ca. 1.33 in leg 4. Dac- VOLUME 104, NUMBER 2 301

Fig. I. Gastroptychus salvadori, new species. Holotype: A, dorsal view ofcarapace and first two abdominal tergites; B, lateral view; C, sternal plates ; D, dorsal view of sixth abdominal som ite. Scale equals 10 mm (A, B), and 5 mm (C, D). tyls each with single row of 8 or 9 ventral Abdomen of holotype female carrying spines regularly increasing in length distally. about 50 eggs, 1.5-2.2 mm in diameter. Propodus of each leg with 6 longitudinal Measurements of holotype. -Carapace spine rows ofwhich only the ventral extends length 22.6 mm (including rostrum), 17.5 along whole length ofsegment: ventral rows mm (excluding rostrum), maximum cara­ with 20-23 spines, including distal pair be­ pace width 15.9 mm, total length of che­ tween which dactyl bites; dorsal rows with lipeds ca. 135m, left dactyl length 17.7 mm, 20-23 spines; ventro-lateral and ventro­ left propodus length 45.6 mm. mesial rows with 9-14 spines; dorso-lateral Color. - In life the holotype was generally and dorso-mesial rows with 18-21 spines. orange-red, with starkly contrasting white Coxo-basal joints each with prominent dis­ patches, particularly on the carapace and tal and proximal ventral spines and several abdomen. The orange coloration on the legs smaller spines. was most intense on and at the bases ofthe Fifth legs greatly reduced, without spines; main spine rows , with rather paler areas be­ dactyl, propodus and carpus with long setae. tween the rows , giving the general impres­ Chelate, with dactyl about lis length ofprop­ sion oflongitudinal stripes along the limbs. odus. On the carapace the color was most intense 302 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Fig. 2. Comparison of a specimen of Gastroptychus formosus (Filhol , 1885) (A, C, E) with the holotype of G. salvadori new species (B, D, F). A, B dorsal view; C, D dorsal view; E, F lateral view. A, C, E: female (carapace length including rostrum, 20 mm) collected off north-west Spain, 42°15'N, Ilo22'W, Discovery Stn. 9042 , 1541­ 1662 m, Discovery Collections, Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Deacon Laboratory, Wormley, U.K. on the anterior half of the rostrum, on the regions, and along the posterior carapace gastric and hepatic regions and on the car­ margin. The anterior part of each abdomi­ diac region. The coloration was much less nal tergite was also white. intense on the branchial regions, while pure Remarks.- The chirostylid species tra­ white areas were present at the base of the ditionally placed in the genus Chirostylus rostrum, across the frontal region, on the Ortmann, 1892 (e.g., Van Dam 1933, Chace antero-lateral regions, across the region of 1942) were separated into two genera by the cervical groove and the epibranchial Miyake & Baba (1968); three species lacking VOL UME 104, NUMBER 2 303

Table I.-Comparison of Gastroptychus salvadori, new species, with Atlantic congeners .

G. spinifer G. affinis Gi fo rmosus G. salvador;

Carapace Max . length 30 + mm Ilmm 25 + mm 23 mm Spination dense sparse spa rse den se Enlarged spines ca. 20 < 20 ca. 25 > 40 Chelipeds Total length 4.4-7.1 x CL 3.5-5.6 x CL 5-6 x CL ca. 6 x CL Meru s U W ratio ? ? ca. 2 1 ca. 14 Dactyllp rop od us length ? ? ca. 0.3 ca. 0.4 Abdominal tergites I unarmed unarmed ca. 10 spines > 20 spines 2 unarmed unarmed ca. 15 spines > 25 spines 3 unarmed unarmed ca. 10 spines ca. 10 spines 4 unarmed unarmed ca. 10 spines ca. 50 spines Sternal plates 1-2 large spines I large spine 2-3 large spines 2 large + ca. 10 small spines 3rd ma xillipeds Merus outer spine prominent prominent prominent very small Carpus outer spine prominent prominent prominent absent a distinct rostrum were retained in the genus in G. affinis and G. spinifer. Moreover, while Chirostylus, while those species with a dis­ G. affin is and G. spinifer both have a row tinct spiniform rostrum were transferred to ofenlarged spines along the mid-dorsal line the genus Gastroptychus Caullery, 1896. The ofthe carapace, such a median row is not a latter genus, as it is now constituted (Baba feature ofeither G.formosus or G. salvadori. 1988, Baba & Haig 1990), contains 17 spe­ G. salvadori differs from G. formosus in cies, three of which are reported from the having rather more robust chelipeds and in Atlantic: G. spinifer (Milne Edwards, 1880) being generally much more spinous (Fig. 2). and G. affin is (Chace, 1942) being restricted Thus, the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the to the West Indian region (Chace 1942 , carapace in G. salvadori are everywhere Springer & Bullis 1956), while G. formosus covered with rather close-set spines ofwhich (Filhol, 1885) is reported from the Eastern about 40 are significantly enlarged; in G. Atlantic in the Bay of Biscay and off the formosus onl y about 25 of the carapace coast of Ireland and the Canaries (Selbie spines are significantly enlarged, while the 1914). These species can be distinguished smaller subsidiary spines are sparse on the from one another, and from G. salvadori, branchial region and virtually absent from by a combination of overall size, spination the gastric, hepatic and epibranchial regions . of the carapace, abdominal tergites, ster­ Similarly, while the first and second abdom­ num and third maxillipeds, and the relative inal tergites in both G. salvadori and G. for­ length and robustness of the chelipeds (Ta­ m osus each carry a transverse irregular se­ ble 1). ries of spines, these are much smaller and Of the three previously described Gas­ more numerous in G. salvadori. The pleural troptychus species, G. salvadori is most sim­ plates of the third to sixth abdominal so­ ilar to G.formosus, both species having some mites are armed with a series of spines, be­ ofthe abdominal tergites armed with spines, coming more pronounced posteriorly in both whereas these tergites are totally unarmed species; again, these are much smaller, but 304 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON more abundant in G. salvadori than in G. starkly with the very pale, almost white, col­ formosus. The only exception is the tergite oration ofthe coral. This color match, along ofthe fifth abdominal somite which carries with the spinous morphology and the cu­ 4 pairs ofprominent spines close to the mid­ rious behaviour of the chirostylid, suggests line in G. formosus [not unarmed as Selbie that G. salvadori, and perhaps other Gas­ (1914:63) suggests], whereas this tergite is troptychus species, may live in close asso­ furnished only with setae in G. salvadori. ciation with brisingids or similar organisms. The tergite of the sixth abdominal somite The abundant spination of the body, and " carries about 12 large spines in G.formosus, particularly the limbs, in the genera Chi­ including three on the posterior margin, rostylus and Gastroptychus, on the other while this tergite in the holotype of G. sal­ hand, would seem to be disadvantageous if vadori carries about 50 small spines, ofwhich they lived on finely branching organisms nine are ranged along the posterior margin. such as gorgonians. Such organisms are The sternal plates between the chelipeds known to be frequented by relatively are also quite different in the two species. smooth-bodied chirostylids such as Uropty­ In both cases the anterior border, close to chus (e.g., Pequegnat & Pequegnat 1970: the insertion of the cheliped, carries two 161). However, an uncollected chirostylid very prominent spines on each side. How­ which appears to belong to G. salvadori was ever, whereas in G. formosus there is an photographed from the Johnson-Sea-Link additional large spine posteriorly near the on a species of the arborescent gorgonian mid-line, this spine is replaced by a series genus Keratoisis (family Isididae) some 40 ofabout 10 smaller spines in G. salvadori. nautical miles east of Fort Pierce, Florida Finally, the meral and carpal joints ofthe at a depth of 731 m. Clearly, Gastroptychus third maxillipeds each carry a prominent species also crawl over such branching or­ spine distally on the outer margin in G. for­ ganisms, through the color match in this mosus, as in G. spinifer and G. affinis, but case between the galatheid and the gorgo­ in G. salvadori the carpus is unarmed, while nian was much less close than that between the merus has only an extremely small the holotype and the brisingid. hooked spine in this position. Etymology. -Named for the type locali­ Uroptychus capillatus Benedict, 1902 ty, San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands. Habitat notes. - When first sighted from Material. -1 male, 1 ovig. female the submersible, the chirostylid was shel­ (USNM 252390), 1 male, 1 ovig. female tering on the sediment surface at the base (HBOM 089:6819), JSL-I-2260, off Con­ of a large mass of the oculinid coral, M ad­ ception Island, Bahamas, 23°48.8'N, repora carolina (Pourtales), On the surface 75°08.l'W, 11 Sep 1988, 573 m; associated of the coral there were a number of large with the comatulid crinoid Crinometra (ca. 70 em diameter) specimens of the bri­ brevipinna (Pourtales) (see Discussion). singid seastar Novodina antillensis, several Remarks. - U. capillatus has been re­ of which were collected. As one of the bri­ ported previously only twice in the litera­ singids was being lifted from the coral with ture, originally by Benedict (1902) from an the submersible's manipulator arm, the chi­ Albatross station near Arrowsmith Bank off .. rostylid 'leapt' onto the starfish and was col­ the east coast ofYucatan, and subsequently lected along with it. by Chace (1942) from an Atlantis station off The general orange-red color of the chi­ the north coast ofCuba. Although Benedict rostylid, traces ofwhich remain on the spine mentioned two specimens in his rather in­ tips in the preserved specimen, closely adequate original account, one of these matched that ofthe brisingid but contrasted seems to have disappeared by the1940s VOLUME 104, NUMBER 2 305 since Chace refers only to "Benedict's type " dominalis has been reported from off Cuba, (a female in rather poor condition) in ad­ St. Kitts and from the Straits of Florida at dition to his own single specimen, an ovig­ depths from 366 to 622 m (Chace 1942 , erous female, pointing out that both indi­ Mayo 1974). Moreover, Mayo reported that viduals lack chelipeds. The specimens one ofthe stations at which M. abdominalis reported here agree closely with Benedict's was collected was "characterized by sea ur­ type (USNM 20565) and, together with the chins," though she did not identify the spe­ type, will be used as the basis for a redescrip­ cies. Thus, although a behavioral associa­ tion ofthe species, including the male (Rice , tion between M . abdominalis and C. blakei in prep.). has not been referred to previously, it may The morphologically similar congener, be common, if not usual. Uroptychus rugosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880), also from the Caribbean region, is Munidopsis alaminos reported to live commensally with a cri­ Pequegnat & Pequegnat, 1970 noid, probably Stylometra spinifera (Chace, Fig. 3D 1942). Material.-1 male, 1 ovig. female (HBOM 089:06821), JSL-II-1735, offSpeightstown, Family Galatheidae Barbados, 13°14.9'N, 59°45.2'W, 19 Apr Munidopsis abdominalis 1989, 722 m, associated with the holothu­ (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) rian Mesothuria gargantua Diechmann (Fig. Fig. 3A, B, C 3D). Material.-1 male, 1 ovig. female (USNM Remarks. -Munidopsis alaminos is re­ 239277), JSL-I-2269, off Crooked Island, corded at depths ranging from about 500 m Bahamas, 22°41.5 'N, 74°20.8'W, 16 Sep to more than 800 m in the western Atlantic 1988, 569 m, on a specimen ofthe echinoid and Caribbean region, from the coast of Cidaris blakei (A. Agassiz) (see Fig. 3A). 1 French Guiana to the northern GulfofMex­ male (USNM 239273), JSL-I-2269, as ico (Pequegnat & Pequegnat 1970 , 1971; above, 543 m, on Cidaris blakei (Fig. 3B). Mayo 1974). It has not been previously re­ 1 male (USNM 239276), JSL-II-1733, ported in association with any other organ­ off Bridgetown, Barbados, l3°00.70'N, ism. 59°39.53'W, 18 Apr 1989,417 m, on Cida­ ris blakei. 1 male, 1 ovig. female (HBOM Munidopsis spinifer 089:06820), JSL-II-1743, off York Bay, St. (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) Vincent, 13°07.2'N, 6lo17.04'W, 23 Apr Fig. 3E, F 1989,408 m, on Cidaris rugosa (H. L. Clark) (Fig.3C). Material. -1 ovig. female (USNM Remarks. - Both M . abdominalis and C. 239275), JSL-I-2261 , off Conception Is­ blakei were originally described from ma­ land, 23°50.8'N, 75°09.6'W, 12 Sep 1988, terial collected during the three cruises of 741 m, on the crinoid Crinometra brevipin­ the Blake in 1877-1880, the decapods hav­ na (Fig. 3E). 1 male (HBOM 089:06822); ing been taken at a station off Barbados JSL-I-2269, off Crooked Island, 22°41.5 'N, (Milne Edwards 1880) and the echinoid at 74°20.8 'W, 16 Sep 1988, 594 m, on Cri­ several localities off the coast of Cuba (Ag­ nometra brevipinna (Fig. 3F). 1 juv. female assiz 1878). Cidaris blakei has been taken (USNM 239274), JSL-II-1747, off York subsequently at a number oflocalities in the Bay, St. Vincent, 13°07.2'N, 6lol6.8'W, 25 Florida-West Indian region at depths from Apr 1989, 415 m, on Crinometra brevipin­ 150 and 790 m (Serafy 1979), while M. ab- na. 306 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Fig. 3. Photographs of decapods (arrowed) and their echinoderm hosts, taken from the Johnson-Sea-Li nk submersible: A, M unidopsis abdominalis wth Cidaris blakei, JSL-I-2269, 569 m; B, same as A, 543 m; C, M unidopsis abdom inalis on Cidaris rugosa. JSL-II-1 743, 408 m; D, Munidopsis alam inos on Mesothuria gar­ gantua, JSL-II-1735; E, Munidopsis spinifer on Crinometra brevipinna, JSL-II-226I, 741 m; F, Muni dopsis spinifer on Crinometra brevipinna, JSL-I-2269, 594 m.

R emarks. -Munidopsia spinifer is re­ white. The contrast appears as longitudinal corded in the western Atlantic from the Ba­ banding on the chelipeds and ambulatory hamas and the Straits of'Florida, and off the legs, as in Chirostylussalvadori, but whereas Greater and Lesser Antilles from Cuba to the banding on the carapace and abdomen Barbados in depths ranging from 275 m to in C. salvadori is transverse, it is longitu- . 880 m (Milne Edwards & Bouvier 1897, dinal in M. spinifer. Thus, the rostrum and Chace 1942, Mayo 1974). frontal region ofM. spinifer are orange-red, . Mayo reports the species as being strik­ with this pattern extended posteriorly as ingly pigmented orange-red contrasting with broad bands on either side of the mid-line. VOLUME 104, NUMBER 2 307

These bands are continued onto the abdom­ a single host specimen. This raises the in­ inal somites, with white bands medially and triguing possibility that the animals may on the lateral margins. form permanent or semi-permanent breed­ ing relationships, a situation never de­ scribed before in this group. Discussion There are numerous records in the liter­ Acknowledgments ature of behavioral associations between Funding for submersible dives was grant­ galatheoid decapods and other organisms, ed through Harbor Branch Oceanographic particularly coelenterates and echinoderms Institution, Inc. (HBOI) and the Smithson­ (Milne Edwards 1880; Chace 1942; Baba ian Institution (SI). We are grateful to the 1974, 1979, 1988; Pequegnat & Pequegnat crews of the Johnson-Sea-Link submers­ 1970). Where the species concerned are lit­ ibles and the research vessels Seward John­ toral or shallow-living, these records are fre­ son and Edwin Link, all at HBOI, for their quently based on direct observations and assistance during several missions to the Ba­ are therefore unequivocal [e.g., records of hama Islands and the Lesser Antilles. Our Allogalathea elegans (Adams & White, thanks are due to Dr. Frederick M. Bayer 1848), associated with crinoid genera, as cit­ (SI) for identifying the gorgonian, Kerato­ ed by Baba (1979, 1988)]. For deeper-living isis, photographed with the suspected, but forms, the records are based largely on trawl uncollected, second specimen ofGastropty­ and dredge hauls and are often less con­ chus salvadori; the photo was kindly sup­ vincing. Thus, although there is rather strong plied by HBOI submersible pilot, Mr. D. evidence for an association between Uropty­ Liberatore. Dr. C. Young (HBOI) provided chus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) and us with specimens and photographs ofMu­ the gorgonian coral genus Chrysogorgia (see nidopsis alaminos and Mesothuria gargan­ Pequegnat & Pequegnat 1970) and between tua from one of his submersible dives off Gastroptychus novaezelandiae Baba, 1974 Barbados. This paper is HOBI Contribution and the pennatulid Balticina willemoesii (see No. 807 and Contribution No. 17-Studies Baba 1974), the evidence for a similar as­ on bathyal echinoderms of the Bahama Is­ sociation between Uroptychus rugosus (A. lands, J. E. Miller (HBOI), Principal inves­ Milne Edwards, 1880) and crinoid species, tigator. as reported by Chace (1942), is largely cir­ Literature Cited cumstantial. Nevertheless, the direct obser­ vations reported here, along with the indi­ Adams, A., & A. White. 1848. Crustacea. I-VIII + rect evidence, suggest that some form of 60 pp. in A. Adams, ed., The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Samarang; under the com­ commensalism is characteristic of many if mand of Capt. Sir E. Belcher . . . during .. . not most species ofgalatheid and chirostylid 1843-46. London. decapods. This may even be true of the Agassiz, A. 1878. Reports on the results ofdredging, smaller species ofgenera such as Munidop­ under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in sis, in which commensalism has never been the Gulfof Mexico, by the U.S. Coast Steamer Blake. II. Report on the Echini.-Bulletin ofthe reported before, though this life-style is, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard perhaps, not to be expected of the deeper­ College 5(9):181-195. living and larger representatives of the ge­ Baba, K. 1974. Four new species of galatheidean nus. Crustacea from New Zealand waters.-Journal Moreover, three ofthe five decapod spe­ ofthe Royal Society of New Zealand 4:381-393. --. 1979. Expedi tions Rumphius II (1975) . Crus ­ cies reported here were collected in pairs, taces parasites, commensaux, etc. (Th . Monod in each case consisting of a male and an et R. Serene, ed.) VII. Galatheid crustaceans ovigerous female, apparently monopolizing (Decapoda, Anomura).-Bulletin du Museum 308 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

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