Designguidelines Appendix C-Glossary
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Entablature Refers to the System of Moldings and Bands Which Lie Horizontally Above Columns, Resting on Their Capitals
An entablature refers to the system of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Considered to be major elements of classical architecture, entablatures are commonly divided into three parts: the architrave, frieze, and cornice. E ntablature by stromberg ARCHITRAVE The architrave is the supporting element, and the lowest of the three main parts of an entablature: the undecorated lintel resting on the columns. FRIEZE The frieze is the plain or decorated horizontal unmolded strip located between the cornice and the architrave. Clay Academy, Dallas, TX Stromberg offers you the freedom to choose. Whether your project requires authentic classical entablature, or a modern look, we will design your entablature to perfectly match your building’s unique style . We have extensive knowledge of all the major classical orders, including Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian, and we can craft columns and entablatures that comply with each order’s specifications. DORIC a continuous sculpted frieze and a The oldest and simplest of these three cornice. CORNICE orders of classical Greek architecture, Its delicate beauty and rich ornamentation typified by heavy, fluted columns with contrast with the stark unembellished The cornice is the upper plain capitals and no base. features of the Doric order. part of an entablature; a decorative molded IONIC CORINTHIAN projection at the top of a This order, considered to be a feminine The most ornate of the three classical wall or window. style, is distinguished by tall slim orders, characterized by a slender fluted columns with flutes resting on molded column having an ornate, bell-shaped bases and crowned by capitals in the capital decorated with acanthus leaves. -
NEW ORLEANS NOSTALGIA Remembering New Orleans History, Culture and Traditions
NEW ORLEANS NOSTALGIA Remembering New Orleans History, Culture and Traditions By Ned Hémard They All Taxed For You: Shotguns, Camelbacks and More The Louvre in Paris, the Cabildo and Presbytère in the French Quarter, 1960s motor hotels, Lake Avenue apartments and early “Popeye’s Fried Chicken” outlets have what in common? The answer, of course, is the Mansard roof. After all, what exemplifies this architectural style more faithfully than Hawaiian black lava rock topped with red synthetic roof tiles? Architects and the late Al Copeland may have disagreed on this subject, but the history of the Mansard is still most interesting. The Mansard roof refers to a type of hip roof with two slopes on each of its four sides with the lower slope being much steeper, virtually vertical. The upper slope is usually not visible from the ground and is pitched just enough to shed water. For all intents and purposes, this is an additional story disguised as a roof. Sometimes, for decorative effect, the pitch is curved with impressive dormers. In modern commercial construction, the upper pitch has often been substituted with a flat roof. The Cabildo in New Orleans Mansard elevation, 1868 The architect, Francois Mansart (1598 - 1666), popularized the roof style known as Mansard, a misspelling of his name. The central portico of the Richelieu Wing of the Louvre is a fine example. In the years that French houses were taxed by the number of floors beneath the roof, the Mansard style afforded a clever way to avoid paying the tax collector. A revival of Mansard occurred in the 1850s rebuilding of Paris, and that era is called Second Empire. -
The Gibbs Range of Classical Porches • the Gibbs Range of Classical Porches •
THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • Andrew Smith – Senior Buyer C G Fry & Son Ltd. HADDONSTONE is a well-known reputable company and C G Fry & Son, award- winning house builder, has used their cast stone architectural detailing at a number of our South West developments over the last ten years. We erected the GIBBS Classical Porch at Tregunnel Hill in Newquay and use HADDONSTONE because of the consistency, product, price and service. Calder Loth, Senior Architectural Historian, Virginia Department of Historic Resources, USA As an advocate of architectural literacy, it is gratifying to have Haddonstone’s informative brochure defining the basic components of literate classical porches. Hugh Petter’s cogent illustrations and analysis of the porches’ proportional systems make a complex subject easily grasped. A porch celebrates an entrance; it should be well mannered. James Gibbs’s versions of the classical orders are the appropriate choice. They are subtlety beautiful, quintessentially English, and fitting for America. Jeremy Musson, English author, editor and presenter Haddonstone’s new Gibbs range is the result of an imaginative collaboration with architect Hugh Petter and draws on the elegant models provided by James Gibbs, one of the most enterprising design heroes of the Georgian age. The result is a series of Doric and Ionic porches with a subtle variety of treatments which can be carefully adapted to bring elegance and dignity to houses old and new. www.haddonstone.com www.adamarchitecture.com 2 • THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • Introduction The GIBBS Range of Classical Porches is designed The GIBBS Range is conceived around the two by Hugh Petter, Director of ADAM Architecture oldest and most widely used Orders - the Doric and and inspired by the Georgian architect James Ionic. -
The Five Orders of Architecture
BY GìAGOMO F5ARe)ZZji OF 2o ^0 THE FIVE ORDERS OF AECHITECTURE BY GIACOMO BAROZZI OF TIGNOLA TRANSLATED BY TOMMASO JUGLARIS and WARREN LOCKE CorYRIGHT, 1889 GEHY CENTER UK^^i Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/fiveordersofarchOOvign A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF GIACOMO BAEOZZI OF TIGNOLA. Giacomo Barozzi was born on the 1st of October, 1507, in Vignola, near Modena, Italy. He was orphaned at an early age. His mother's family, seeing his talents, sent him to an art school in Bologna, where he distinguished himself in drawing and by the invention of a method of perspective. To perfect himself in his art he went to Eome, studying and measuring all the ancient monuments there. For this achievement he received the honors of the Academy of Architecture in Eome, then under the direction of Marcello Cervini, afterward Pope. In 1537 he went to France with Abbé Primaticcio, who was in the service of Francis I. Barozzi was presented to this magnificent monarch and received a commission to build a palace, which, however, on account of war, was not built. At this time he de- signed the plan and perspective of Fontainebleau castle, a room of which was decorated by Primaticcio. He also reproduced in metal, with his own hands, several antique statues. Called back to Bologna by Count Pepoli, president of St. Petronio, he was given charge of the construction of that cathedral until 1550. During this time he designed many GIACOMO BAROZZr OF VIGNOLA. 3 other buildings, among which we name the palace of Count Isolani in Minerbio, the porch and front of the custom house, and the completion of the locks of the canal to Bologna. -
Glossary of Architectural Terms Apex
Glossary of Architectural Terms Apex: The highest point or peak in the gable Column: A vertical, cylindrical or square front. supporting member, usually with a classical Arcade: A range of spaces supported on piers capital. or columns, generally standing away from a wall Coping: The capping member of a wall or and often supporting a roof or upper story. parapet. Arch: A curved construction that spans an Construction: The act of adding to a structure opening and supports the weight above it. or the erection of a new principal or accessory Awning: Any roof like structure made of cloth, structure to a property or site. metal, or other material attached to a building Cornice: The horizontal projecting part crowning and erected over a window, doorway, etc., in the wall of a building. such a manner as to permit its being raised or Course: A horizontal layer or row of stones retracted to a position against the building, when or bricks in a wall. This can be projected or not in use. recessed. The orientation of bricks can vary. Bay: A compartment projecting from an exterior Cupola: A small structure on top of a roof or wall containing a window or set of windows. building. Bay Window: A window projecting from the Decorative Windows: Historic windows that body of a building. A “squared bay” has sides at possess special architectural value, or contribute right angles to the building; a “slanted bay” has to the building’s historic, cultural, or aesthetic slanted sides, also called an “octagonal” bay. If character. Decorative windows are those with segmental or semicircular in plan, it is a “bow” leaded glass, art glass, stained glass, beveled window. -
PENTAGON OFFICE BUILDING COMPLEX Other Name/Site Number: the Pentagon
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 THE PENTAGON Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: PENTAGON OFFICE BUILDING COMPLEX Other Name/Site Number: The Pentagon 2. LOCATION Street & Number: U.S. 1, Va. 110, and Not for publication: Interstate 395 City/Town: Arlington Vicinity:__ State: Virginia County: Arlington Code: 013 Zip Code: 20301 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private:__ Building(s): X Public-local:__ District:__ Public-State:__ Site:__ Public-Federal: X Structure:__ Object:__ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 1 ____ buildings 1 sites (helipad) ____ structures ____ objects 1 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 4 Name of related multiple property listing: NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 THE PENTAGON Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service______National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this ___ nomination ___ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ___ meets ___ does not meet the National Register Criteria. -
Draft Mansard Roof Guidance 201115
London Borough of Tower Hamlets DRAFT MANSARD ROOF GUIDANCE NOTE Draft for consultation November 2015 0 Draft Mansard Roof Guidance Purpose of this consultation The purpose of the Mansard Roof Guidance Note is to support residents who would like to make a planning application for a new mansard roof in one of the Borough’s Conservation Areas. The Draft Mansard Roof Guidance Note contains information on the most relevant planning policies that the Council must consider when making decision on planning applications; the character of historic roofs in Tower Hamlets; the elements of Mansard Roofs and best practice advice on how you should approach the design of a new mansard roof in a conservation area; and finally, the document includes some helpful tips for you to refer to when making a planning application for a new mansard roof in a Conservation Area. In order to assist residents with planning application process, officers have also examined the following eight Conservation Areas in more detail to identify the best opportunities for properties to extend: Driffield Road; Medway; Fairfield Road; Victoria Park; Jesus Hospital Estate; York Square; Chapel House; and Tredegar Square. Officer recommendations have been presented in draft addendum to the relevant Conservation Area Character Appraisals. These addendums are also subject to consultation from 23 November 2015 and 18 January 2016. More information on these can be found via the links and contact details below. How you can get involved It is important that this Guidance Note is easy to understand and useful. If you feel that this document could be improved and the information better communicated, we would be grateful for your feedback during the public consultation. -
Living Tradition Adding to Our Heritage with More Homes and Sustainable Intensification Living Tradition
Create Streets Briefing Paper August 2021 Samuel Hughes Living tradition Adding to our heritage with more homes and sustainable intensification Living Tradition Foreword by Christopher Boyle QC Former Chairman of the Georgian Group (2015-2020) The mansard is one of the defining features of the Georgian and Victorian skyline. In eighteenth and nineteenth century Britain, the right of property owners to add mansards went without question: the idea that local governments would one day forbid them would have been viewed with puzzlement. The form of mansards was, however, tightly controlled by a series of Building Acts which governed their height, inclines and materials, as well as regulating their parapets, party walls, chimney stacks and dormers. These regulations led to a distinctive British tradition of mansard design, readily distinguished from those of France or Germany. This fascinating report proposes that we allow this great tradition to be revived. On terraces on which some of the buildings have mansards already, owners of the remaining buildings would enjoy a presumption in favour of permission to add new ones, provided that they followed a design guide ensuring that the new mansards conformed to the best traditions of historic mansard design. On terraces on which none of the buildings have mansards yet, residents would be able to vote for the right to add them, with the same proviso. It is profoundly important that we cherish our architectural heritage, a cause on which I worked during my five years as Chairman of the Georgian Group. Cherishing this heritage involves fighting the demolition of historic buildings, just as it involves fighting alterations that would damage their character. -
Appendix E: Glossary
Appendix E: Glossary Appendix E Glossary Accessory Structure-A subordinate structure detached from but located on the same lot as a principle building. The use of an accessory structure must be identical and accessory to the use of the principle building. Accessory structures include garages, decks, and fences. Adaptive Use-Recycling an old building for a use other than that for which it was originally constructed. Addition - A non-original element placed onto an existing building, site or structure. Alteration - Any act or process that which the exterior architectural appearance of a building. Appropriate - Suitable to or compatible with what exists. Proposed work on historic properties is evaluated for "appropriateness" during the design review process. Architectural Style - Showing the influence of shapes, materials, detailing or other features associated with a particular architectural style. Ashlar-A dressed or squared stone and the masonry built of such hewn stone. It may be coursed, with continuous horizontal joints or random, with discontinuous joints. Baluster-A turned or rectangular upright supporting a stair handrail or forming part of a balustrade. Balustrade-An entire railing system including a top rail and its balusters, and often a bottom rail. Bay-One unit of a building that consists of a series of similar units; commonly defined as the number of vertical divisions within a building facade. Brace-A diagonal stabilizing member of a building frame. Bracket-A projecting support used under cornices, eaves, balconies, or windows to provide structural support. Capital-The uppermost part of a column or pilaster. E-1 Stone Mountain Design Guidelines Casement-A hinged window frame that opens horizontally like a door. -
ROOFS a Guide to Alterations and Extensions on Domestic Buildings
PLEASE NOTE The Unitary Development Plan (UDP) policies and planning, building control and other legislation and regulations referred to in the text of this guide were current at the time of publication. Because this guidance is an electronic version of the printed guidance as approved and adopted, these references have NOT been changed. For ease of contact; names, telephone numbers and locations have been regarded as non-material editorial changes and have been updated. As UDP policies and government legislation may have changed over time, before carrying out any work, it is recommended that you consult the current UDP http://www.westminster.gov.uk/planningandlicensing/udp/index.cfm for policy revisions and you may wish to check with planning and/or building control officers about your proposals. ROOFS A Guide to Alterations and Extensions on Domestic Buildings c:\documents and settings\chris\my documents\webspgs\roofsweb.doc\0 26/11/2004 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Legislation 3. History 4. Unitary Development Plan Policies 5. The Design Of Roof Alterations and Extensions Setting Out General Rules Party Wall Upstands Cornices, Parapets and Balustrades Roof Coverings Parapet Gutters Chimney Stacks and Pots Dormer Windows: Number and Positioning Dormer Design Rooflights Fire Escapes Roof Level Plant Pipework Roof Terraces End of Terrace Projections from the Building Line 6. Special Cases Semi-Detached Houses With Parapets Overhanging and Gabled Roofs Gaps Between Buildings Butterfly Roofs 7. Contracts 8. Other Guidance c:\documents and settings\chris\my documents\webspgs\roofsweb.doc\0 26/11/2004 1. INTRODUCTION Alterations and extensions are often necessary to modernise, adapt, enlarge or extend the life of a building. -
Air in (Intake Vents). Air out (Exhaust Vents). That's Attic Ventilation in A
Air in (intake vents). Air out (exhaust vents). That’s attic ventilation in a nutshell. But it’s not always that simple depending on the complexity of the roof’s configuration. We asked roofing contractors who attend our best practices in residential attic ventilation seminars: "What roofs are the most challenging to properly ventilate and why?" These roofers did not design the houses, nor did they build them. But they were hired to replace the roofs and address the attic ventilation. To help fight potentially damaging heat and moisture buildup inside an attic as well as ice dams in cold climates, attic ventilation should be a balanced system of intake vents (in the soffit/overhang or low on the roof) and exhaust vents (at or near the roof’s peak). The following types of roofs were identified as particularly challenging to achieve balanced attic ventilation. As you’re about to read, roofing contractors do the best with the cards they’ve been dealt. FROM LEFT: Hip roof with hip ridge vents diagonally; hip roof with power fan; hip roof with ridge vents both horizontally and diagonally. Hip Roofs A “hip roof” has limited or no horizontal roof peak (ridge) but does have multiple diagonal “hips.” Hip roofs often have elevation changes from the peak of one portion of the roof to the next portion below. Roofing contractors refer to it as a “cut up roof.” One of the reasons this roof type is challenging is its design does not automatically allow the use of horizontal ridge vents for exhaust. Many contractors prefer and are accustomed to using horizontal ridge vents. -
ROOFING Town of Riverhead Landmarks Preservation Commission GUIDELINES for ROOFING
GUIDELINES FOR ROOFING Town of Riverhead Landmarks Preservation Commission GUIDELINES FOR ROOFING PURPOSE These Guidelines were prepared to assist property owners with information when considering the repair, alteration or installation of roofing. It is not intended that these Guidelines should replace consultation with qualified architects, contractors, the Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC), Architectural Review Board (ARB) and applicable ordinances. This represents one of the few commercial buildings on Main Street with a highly decorative roof treatment. This Mansard roof is covered with three colors of fish scale slate installed in a decorative pattern and trimmed along its edges with painted metal flashing. A series of steeply pitched gable roof dormers with projecting eaves provide additional habitable space at the upper level. Also note the projecting roof cornice with the paired decorative brackets, typical of the Victorian period. These Guidelines were developed in conjunction with the Town of Riverhead’s Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) and Architectural Review Board Residential buildings, particularly those from the Victorian (ARB). Please review this information during the period, tend to have very complex roof forms that can include early stages of planning your project. Familiarity intersecting gables, dormers and towers. with this material can assist in moving a project quickly through the approval process, saving ROOFS applicants both time and money. A building’s roof provides the first line of defense The LPC and ARB encourage informal against the elements and its design greatly affects the informational meetings with potential applicants overall appearance of a building. Therefore, the who are considering a project that might include following functional and aesthetic concerns should be exterior changes to their properties.