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Ulrich Von Hutten, His Life and Times

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Ulrich Von Hutten, His Life and Times 22101137435 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015 https://archive.org/details/b21777706 ULRICH VON HUTTEN 23 SZ ULRICH VON HUTTEN i^is Htfc anti Stints By DAVID FRIEDRICH STRAUSS TRANSLATED, WITH THE AUTHOR'S PERMISSION, FROM THE SECOND GERMAN EDITION By Mrs. G. STURGE LONDON DALDY, ISBISTER, & CO. 56, LUDGATE HILL 1874 LONDON : CO., INTK11 BY VIRTUE AND CITY ROAD. PREFACE. E recall the memory of departed friends both in good In the one case we long for their advice and aid, in the other to make them sharers in our joy. And as with individuals, so with nations : in times of affliction and of prosperity they call up the spirits of their illustrious dead. These are mostly combatants, who have fought for light against darkness, for culture against bar- barism, for freedom against despotism, to save their country from foreign aggression ; and whether their efforts were crowned with victory, or whether they perished in the struggle, they are equally honoured and beloved by posterity. The nobleness of a nation depends upon its being compassed about by a cloud of witnesses of this sort, and if any nation can boast of it, it is the German. I once called forth a form out of this cloud in an evil time. It was the time when Germany was lying prostrate after exhausting throes; when oppressors, great and small, had again mastered her, when overbearing neighbours insulted her, and birds of prey were already hovering over her. It was the time of the Concordat ; of that servile contract with Rome, with which, after Austria had taken the lead, the other states of Germany were threatened. I then exclaimed — " " Is there no Hutten here ? —and as none appeared e PREFACE. vi undertook to restore the amongst the living, I ft wa to the German naUon departed, and to exhibit it found in the Words in season were not without effect. foe of light and against Rome-Hie knight's invectives stand firm to the Germans to his earnest appeals hben ; in insolence of the foreigner. and united against the succeeded to bad Rome m Meanwhile good times have like a rotten old has fallen to pieces spirit of Nemesis of the measure be- to heap up her as she madly thought d ! just or neighbour, our oppressor IVall bounds. Our insolent end to our ruthless assault put an centuries, has by her most ground, and has hurled her to the d sunion united Germany object of wonder and of the nations an Ids at' the head and or the first time We have an Emperor again, envy. abroad, and home, who seeks nothing one who is master at better able to foster will, therefore, be Ins predecessors. independence than any of security and more think of our Hutten should we not once AT!ow all h s which he was striving have attained that for then we easure^o exclaim: "It is a p ^T_Tow that he might his days. emphatic sense than m J! J/" in afar more recall his memory, if we did not ,,1d be very ungrateful our festivals in honour merely as a guest at "^d i consider that ,11 v,?m • he would not <***?**rjZ£T~ZZ-«c speech af.eta t:2T™ tZr^. « Lotus top hoHda, ^ f He would renuud » mcalt m mai„tai„ the 'ea ' often " centuries to attain, i. is Thoughh mI»ytie pos,otOT . ™Z ^ ^ ? PREFACE. vii are we also free ? The edifice of our new empire is stately to behold, but much is still wanting to make it habitable. The Pope's temporal power is indeed at an end, but his spiritual power is so far from being so, that his gloomy hosts, the foes, now as ever, of intellectual progress and national prosperity, are still in our midst, and even sit in our Diet. We call ourselves the most cultivated of nations, and really are so : but how long shall we suffer that the sources of knowledge, even in Protestant Germany, should be rendered turbid by the jealous administration of priestly obscurantists? Hutten always conceived the power and greatness of Germany, for which he was so enthusiastic, as based upon liberal mental culture, untrammeled by clerical influence or ecclesiastical dogmas ; and as, in the war just over, he would have been foremost in the fight against the foe from without, so now he would have been foremost in combating the foes of liberty and culture from within. This is the task I propose for him in this book, and I hope it will be an easier one than it was fourteen years ago, as cir- cumstances are more favourable in a literary as well as in a political sense. There was then no complete edition of Hutten's works ; his writings, and still more those of his coadjutors and opponents, were rare and scattered and accessible to but few. I was therefore obliged to make long extracts which encumbered the book and restricted its circulation. Meanwhile Bocking's complete edition of Hutten's works has appeared, which has rendered so much detail needless, as those who wish to verify the quotations, and to test my portraiture, can refer to this edition, which should find a place in every good public library. The dili- gence of German historians has also elucidated many points in Hutten's career, particularly in his early life, so that PREFACE. viii though I have seen no many corrections have been made, of the work. reason to alter the ground-plan again, this time unencum- And so the knight sets forth than no less friendly reception bered, and he hopes for a when he came in an evil hour. Darmstadt, My, 1871. TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. A LTHOUGH the life of Ulrich von Hutten cannot have the special interest for English readers which Dr. Strauss claims for it for his compatriots, it offers sufficient interest in itself to render it worthy of a closer acquaintance fre- than many of them possess ; for though his name is quently mentioned in connection with the Reformation, he is, if I mistake not, little more than a name except to those who have wandered into the more curious paths of literature, and his writings are almost entirely unknown. His life also offers a contribution to the history of the beginning of the Reformation, and from a different point of view from that commonly presented to us. No words of mine can so well introduce Hutten to the reader as the following quotation from— a review of the second German edition of the book * : " In one sense this is an old book in a new shape, and yet it deserves the title of novelty. In the season of despondency and reaction that followed the miscarriage of popular hopes in Germany after 1848, Dr. Strauss sought, for himself consolation, for his countrymen encouragement, in the study of Ulrich von * Spectator, June 15, 1872. X TRANSLATOR'S preface. the Refor- Hutten, the scholar-knight and free-lance poet of Reuchlin and mation period, literary fellow-worker with arms of Erasmus, ardent ally of Luther, and companion in strange, Franz von Sickingen, that last of the barons—a chequered nature and daring, indomitable man of queerly quick with buoyant in mind, stout in heart, adventures ; pen, and arm a type blows, alike ready with tongue, ; above all in every of dauntlessness in defying might; but end, never failing m circumstance of life, and to the bitter desire to see the the unquenchable glow of his passionate notably German Fatherland freed from outlandish trammels, conviction that Ger- those of Rome. In this ever-repeated wrench herself free from many only need will it to be able to Hutten out amongst foreign influences, lies what marked what made him a suitable his literary contemporaries, and of keeping up the failing subject for Dr. Strauss's purpose Twenty years have passed and spirits of his countrymen. he of what Dr. Strauss, when Germany is in possession of living to see accomplished. wrote, entertained no hope atmosphere of bettered conditions, And so in the kindlier of that same life from he has reverted to the contemplation and the result is a version which he had once drawn comfort, too much-constitutes a which-we are not afraid of saying have heard of Dr. Strauss model biography. Those who of extreme keenness, may be only as a theological critic also a master in life-like por- surprised to be told that he is times as seen, not through the traiture, showing men and de- prism, be it panegyrical or distorting refraction of some eminently the medium of a mind tractory, but through but essentially capable of unprejudiced in personal matters, true in which Hutten-a impression. In the manner vivid and strangely composite qualities, man in the fulness of his hero of semi-divme perfec- no whit metamorphosed into a TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. xi the tion—is kept before our sight, simultaneously with manifold relations in which he stood towards the great influences of the age, we have a union of faculties rarely to be found in the same individual, of the close analytical thought which distinguished a Hegel, along with that gift of picturesque conception which was Schiller's distinctive quality as a historical dramatist. " Throughout his career Hutten appeared as a sort of outlaw, always striving hotly at something not within grasp, and so overreaching himself as to encounter fall after fall without yet losing heart or spring. It is to this career that he owes his popularity. The brave failures of the indomit- able German man—the terse ring of his plain-spoken Ger- man words—survived in the popular memory when the elaborate elegancies of Erasmus and Eoban, Crotus and Mutianus, had all evaporated.
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