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The Eucharist: Center of the Church's Worship and Life

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The Eucharist: Center of the Church's Worship and Life Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project Concordia Seminary Scholarship 5-15-1994 The Eucharist: Center of the Church's Worship and Life David Stohlmann Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin Part of the Practical Theology Commons Recommended Citation Stohlmann, David, "The Eucharist: Center of the Church's Worship and Life" (1994). Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project. 93. https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin/93 This Major Applied Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONCORDIA SEMINARY THE EUCHARIST: CENTER OF THE CHURCH'S WORSHIP AND LIFE A MAJOR APPLIED PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY DAVID HENRY STOHLMANN SEBASTOPOL, CALIFORNIA MAY 1994 TO JOYCE, MEG, AND KATIE TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 MODULE I 6 MODULE II 53 MODULE III 81 MODULE IV 87 CONCLUSION 122 LIST OF APPENDICES 129 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 176 ABSTRACT THE EUCHARIST: CENTER OF THE CHURCH'S WORSHIP AND LIFE. I will develop a seminar of four modules which provides assistance for pastors and worship committees in the practice of Lutheran liturgical worship centered in word and sacrament and its effect on daily living. The modules (theological foundation, annual planning, the basics of chant, and suggestions for occasional services) offer resources and rationale for use of the standard liturgical material as found in the Lutheran service books. INTRODUCTION The worship of the church, its theology and practice, is the subject of great discussion and debate in most denominations, including The Lutheran Church--Missouri Synod. Recently, the Synod's Commission on Worship produced a document entitled Worship Toward 2000: Challenges and Opportunities which generated considerable reaction both positive and negative. A symposium at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, in the spring of 1991 sparked great interest because of its focus on worship and the so-called "Church Growth Movement." In addition, numerous books, articles, and other materials are flooding the ecclesiastical marketplace offering an extraordinary variety of worship suggestions and resources. During my M.Div. studies at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, I became interested in the components of liturgical worship--hymnody, preaching, planning, conducting the liturgy, and so forth. Upon graduation, I received a call to teach at California Concordia College, Oakland. I also served as pastoral assistant at a local parish. During my three years at these positions I was able to test the practicality of what I had learned. However, it was not until I came to my present position 1 2 that I was able to make a thorough assessment. I have served in my current parish for twenty years. In that time I have continued the study of Lutheran worship and practice. As a direct result of this learning experience I have made a commitment to the principle of the centrality of the weekly eucharist, that is, a service containing both the word and sacrament as the chief service of worship. My experience has also convinced me that the practice of liturgical worship in the Lutheran tradition is the best vehicle for implementing this central principle. This conviction has been negatively reinforced by observing that far too many Lutheran pastors are not convinced of the centrality of the eucharist in parish life nor committed to the practice of liturgical worship in the Lutheran tradition. An important reason for this problem is the minimal amount of training required by the Seminaries. As with so many elements of the pastoral ministry, the Seminary can only be expected to introduce the subject to the student. The young and maturing pastor must then continue to grow in worship knowledge and expertise through the practice of ministry. My intention in this project is to provide assistance for pastors and laity who are members of worship committees for their continued growth in the practice of Lutheran liturgical worship centered in word and sacrament. I have developed a four module seminar on liturgical worship (its theological foundation, its annual planning, the basics of chant, and suggestions for occasional services) which draws on my own exploration and 3 experience and assists clergy and laity in renewing worship in a Lutheran parish. In designing my project I am presupposing several principles. I believe that the traditional liturgy is the best vehicle to express the biblical and confessional theology of worship. External ceremonies are indeed not to be considered mandatory, but they do have pedagogical value and contribute to external decency and order. It is also true that liturgical worship need not be static or dull, but in reality has always been changing and renewing itself. In that sense, the use of the traditional liturgy helps to identify the character and identity of the church for its own age as well as every age. The theological dimensions of this project may be simply expressed in the famous dictum, "lex orandi, lex credendi," that is, the content of your worship is a confession of what you believe. Another way to state the principle is: if you are a Lutheran committed to scripture and the confessions, that will be reflected in your worship. The place where that principle is most obviously demonstrated is in the centrality of word and sacrament in the life of the parish. The importance of the Lutheran emphasis on the Real Presence provides a powerful answer, indeed the only genuine answer, to the contemporary search for God. Worship centered in word and sacrament provides access to the one and only true God of all the ages. The liturgy, defined as the approved formulary for the celebration of the eucharist, is a 4 living work and possession of the whole church.1 Thus it ought to be historical and liturgical even while it strives to be attuned to the customs and locale of the congregation. Lutheran worship may be described as having four elements: a focus on 1) scripture; 2) congregation; 3) liturgy; 4) a sense of "doxology." Any discussion of Lutheran worship and practice will focus on these elements, and everything that is presented will be related to them in one way or another. In addition, the Lutheran Confessions have certain things to say about worship, especially in Article 24 of the Augsburg Confession where the centrality of the eucharist is asserted. The driving force in the celebration of the eucharist is the Real Presence of the risen and ascended Christ whose gifts of forgiveness of sins, nourishment for daily living, and hope of our future attendance at the Great Feast are to be stressed. The construction of this seminar is founded on these theological and biblical bases. In the construction of this seminar I intend to: 1) develop skills in planning, adapting, and leading worship; 2)increase knowledge of the foundation of Lutheran worship in word and sacraments; 3) encourage the adoption and use of the standard liturgical material as found in the Lutheran service books and 1Luther D. Reed, The Lutheran Liturgy (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1947), 19. 5 accompanying materials. The methodology I intend to use in accomplishing these goals is the design of an educational project, that is, a seminar with four modules and supporting materials. Each of the modules is an example of the script for an oral presentation in a workshop setting. Through this seminar, I will demonstrate the value and practical nature of adherence to the liturgical books and the liturgical calendar as well as the accompanying disciplines of worship planning, sermon preparation, chanting, and the use of occasional services. At the conclusion of this paper, I will summarize my thoughts on the material presented in the seminar as well as the evaluations which I have received from my project associates. MODULE I THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION Worship in the Christian church today is the subject of intense discussion. Pastors and the laity instinctively realize that corporate worship is vitally important. Specifically, the weekly gathering of the local parish in prayer, praise, and fellowship centered in the word and the sacraments is the focal point of debate from which the upbuilding of the Body of Christ will hopefully be stimulated. This discussion and debate are crucial because the core of worship is the Gospel, namely, the proclamation of salvation through the risen and ascended Lord. Worship also includes the people's personal communing with that same Lord for growth in faith and their response of prayer, praise, and thanksgiving. It is not an overstatement to say that the outcome of this debate will affect the future of the church in this generation as well as those to come. The intent of this module is to present a theological foundation for demonstrating the truth of the following thesis: the service we call the Holy Eucharist is the center and core of the entire Christian life. Confessional Lutheran theology of worship asserts the primacy of the word of God. The word comes in written, preached, spoken, and read forms. It offers and conveys the forgiveness of sins. It is the presence of God in 6 7 Christ. The word also comes in visible forms, namely, the sacraments. Unfortunately, my experience is that current Lutheran worship practice continues to emphasize the oral and written forms over the visible, especially the eucharist. My purpose in this seminar is not to neglect the oral/written word, but rather to encourage all congregations in the weekly use of the visible word as well.
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