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r e n n , la g p in is ik h h t d e n n d o a i ls s i ry ! in ta o re k e st o o d i o r h m L fo Proudly Bringing You At Its Best Planning Your Visit to Canada’s National Parks Land and culture are woven into the tapestry of Canada’s history and the and National Historic Sites Canadian spirit. The richness of our great country is celebrated in a network of protected places that allow us to understand the land, people To receive FREE trip-planning information on Canada’s and events that shaped Canada. national parks and national historic sites in other Some things just can’t be replaced. Your support is vital to protect provinces and territories call today : the ecological and commemorative integrity of these natural areas and Contents symbols of our past, so they will persist, intact and vibrant, into the 1-888-773-8888 future. NORTHERN PAGE Discover for yourself the many wonders, adventures and learning N National Marine Conservation Area 5 experiences that await you in Canada’s national parks, national historic 6-7 sites, historic and national marine conservation areas. Help us Sault Ste. Marie National Historic Site 8-9 keep them healthy and whole — for their sake, for our sake. Fort St. Joseph National Historic Site 10-11 SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO SW Iceland Bruce Peninsula National Park 12-13 Fathom Five National Marine Park 14-15 Greenland U.S.A. Woodside National Historic Site 16-17 HMCS Haida National Historic Site 18-19 Discovery Centre 20-21 Yukon Fort George National Historic Site 22-23 Northwest Nunavut Heights National Historic Site 24-25 Territories National Historic Site 28-29 British Newfoundland Columbia and Labrador Point Pelee National Park 30-31

n CanadaCanada Alberta a w e C Islands National Park 32-33 h c t a National Historic Site 34-35 k s Seattle a S OntarioOntario Quebec P.E.I. Trent–Severn Waterway National Historic Site 36-39 U.S.A. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Chief Executive Officer of Parks Canada, 2008 E National Historic Site 40-41 New Brunswick QS-C172-000-EE-A6 R62-308/2008 E ISBN 0-662-26647-1 Chicago National Historic Site 42-43 Cette publication est aussi disponible en français. St. Lawrence Islands National Park 44-45 SW-COC-002543 Bellevue House National Historic Site 46-47 Our Mission Front Cover - Pukaskwa National Park / Willy Waterton National Historic Site 48-50 Parks Canada’s mission is to ensure that Canada’s national parks, Back Cover - (top to bottom) St. Lawrence Islands National Park / Brian Morin / Parks Canada Kingston National Historic Site 51 national historic sites and related heritage areas are protected and Point Pelee National Park / Parks Canada presented for this and future generations. Bellevue House NationalFort Henr Historicy National Site / HistoricBrian Morin Site / Parks Canada 52 These nationally significant examples of Canada’s natural and Fort George NationalMAP Historic OF SiteONTARIO / Brian Morin / Parks Canada 26-27 cultural heritage reflect Canadian values, identity, and pride. Background image: Georgian Bay Islands National Park / Willy Waterton 1 Welcome A variety of visitor experiences awaits as YOUR ENTRY FEES you discover your heritage. Treasure it, enjoy it and protect it as if it were your ARE WELL INVESTED own, because it is. Most historic sites, national parks and while all of the national historic sites in Did You Know? historic canals charge an entry fee. When Ontario are ready to receive visitors by June. SPECIAL EVENTS you pay these fees, you make a While most of the sites close in October, Many sites and parks offer special significant investment in a site or park. Woodside continues its activities until events for Canada Day (July 1), Parks This money is used to keep the facilities December, and the Parks Canada Day (third Saturday in July) and other in good condition and maintain them so Discovery Centre stays open year-round. that you can enjoy them. celebrations. Please contact individual National parks are open year-round but parks and sites for details. Parks Canada has made a commitment to most services are seasonal. Below are invest revenues from entry fees efficiently the general operating seasons. LANGUAGES so that your travel experiences are as • Bruce Peninsula National Park and Programs and services are available in rewarding as possible. both English and French and occasionally Fathom Five National Marine Park: in other languages appropriate to the site. ENTRY FEES April to October; Visitor Centre open weekends November to March (fees subject to change – charges shown GROUP TOURS apply to adults) • Georgian Bay Islands and St. Most parks and sites offer special Lawrence Islands national parks: services and fees for commercial and The entry fee to national historic sites is June to September non-profit groups. Please contact the $4.00, except for Fort George, which individual site about specific services charges $11.70. The Parks Canada • Point Pelee National Park: and reservation requirements. Discovery Centre charges $7.80. April to October; Visitor Centre open weekends November to March SO MUCH TO SEE AND DO In national parks, fees are charged for Parks Canada proudly presents the EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS camping and can range from $9.00 to • Pukaskwa National Park: national parks and national historic sites Most locations offer special educational $23.00 per day, depending on the services Visitor Centre open from late June to in Ontario. These attractions offer a programs. Contact the sites for details. used (backcountry, with or without early September multitude of fascinating opportunities to electricity, etc.). Parking fees apply at Bruce Historic canals are open to navigation explore the wonders of Canada’s natural FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE Our parks and sites provide a range of Peninsula, St. Lawrence Islands and some from mid-May to mid-October. Call for a and cultural heritage. services and facilities that include stations on the historic canals. detailed schedule of lockages and While forts dramatically echo the gunfire camping, picnicking, washrooms and The entry fees for Pukaskwa, Point Pelee, information on the types of permits of the and the Rebellion of public telephones. There are also Georgian Bay Islands and Fathom Five available. 1837-38, historic houses mirror the services for visitors with special needs, range from $5.00 to $7.00. lives of Canada’s prime ministers and a such as those with visual, hearing or For a complete list of applicable fees, legendary hero. The historic Rideau Canal mobility impairments. You may wish to OPERATING SEASON services and operating schedules offered and Trent–Severn Waterway, which check with the parks and sites for details Some historic sites, such as Bellevue House at our sites, parks and canals, visit the meander through the province, unlock before visiting. and Laurier House welcome their first Parks Canada website at www.pc.gc.ca the mysteries of early transportation and visitors in April. Fort George opens in May, or call toll free 1-888-773-8888. commerce. The beautiful national parks introduce you to Ontario’s spectacular landscape and unique ecosystems.

2 3 PARK AND SITE REGULATIONS

EW Park and site regulations are designed to • For your own safety, never feed or N Lake Superior protect these special places and to ensure approach wildlife. N that you have a safe and memorable visit. National Marine Conservation Area of Canada • Stay on established trails to avoid • Please do not disturb or collect any trampling vegetation. natural objects or historic artifacts. • Each park/site has specific hazards. NATURALLY SUPERIOR many other attractions related to geology, • Keep pets on a leash at all times. Please consult on-site publications for With over 1/3 of the world’s freshwater geomorphology, and flora and fauna. Service dogs may accompany their other important safety messages. supply, the are a significant Aboriginal presence dates back at least owners into buildings. resource for the health of our planet. 5,000 years and continues to this day. Management of Lake Superior National HOW TO CONTACT US Marine Conservation Area (NMCA), part GETTING THERE of the largest Great Lake, aims to The area extends from Thunder Cape at You can reach individual parks and sites listed within this guide by contacting them balance sustainable use and protection the tip of Sleeping Giant Provincial Park directly or call: of this special marine environment. in the west, to Bottle Point just east of 1-888-773-8888 () TTY: 1-866-787-6221 Terrace Bay, and out to the Canada-US FIND US ON THE WEB – More information about national parks and national ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES border in Lake Superior. It includes the historic sites in Ontario can be found on the Web. The NMCA is under development, but waters of Black Bay and Nipigon Bay, and encompasses over 10,000 km2 of Go to: www.pc.gc.ca to reach individual park and site web pages. neighbouring communities offer a variety of services: accommodations, mooring, lakebed and overlying waters, as well as boat launch, hiking, canoeing/kayaking, islands, shoals and some mainland. fishing and diving. Latitude: 48° 26’ 6” N Wildlife Longitude: 89° 13’ 14” W More than 70 species of fish inhabit the near-pristine waters while gulls, herons, eagles and pelicans breed on the islands.

SIGNIFICANCE ACTIVITIES Established in October 2007, this is the largest NMCA in Canada. There may be The following symbols identify activities that may be available at the parks and sites. as many as 50 shipwrecks, one of Watch for them throughout this planner when organizing your visit. which, the Gunilda, characterized as the most beautiful • swimming • canoeing/kayaking wreck in the world. The area boasts photos ©GaryAndJoanieMcGuffin.com • hiking/interpretive trails • fishing

• skating CONTACT US • camping Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area • boat launch • diving 214 Red River Rd., Suite 301 ON P7B 1A6 • mooring • scenic tour boat/cruises Telephone: 807-346-2901 (commercially operated) • backpacking Fax: 807-345-9731 E-mail: [email protected] 4 5 ACTIVITIES Pukaskwa N National Park of Canada Lake Superior, rare arctic plants can be and rushing rivers of the Canadian found here as well. Shield and northern forest. The spirit of the wilderness envelops those who THE SPIRIT OF presentations, tour the Anishinaabe explore this special place. THE WILDERNESS Camp or follow one of the interpretive “Wilderness is not a luxury, but a trails around Hattie Cove. Interpretive GETTING THERE necessity of the human spirit” programs are offered during the summer Approximately halfway between Thunder – Edward Abbey months – stop by and learn something new Bay and Sault Ste. Marie, the park about ‘the wild shore of an inland sea’! entrance is just 15 minutes off Hwy. 17 (Trans-Canada) via Hwy. 627. The WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! Hiking & Paddling nearby communities of Pic River First • 2008 marks the 25th anniversary of Experienced hikers and paddlers will Nation and Marathon offer a full range of the park – this will be a year of enjoy the backcountry. The Coastal services. celebration you won’t want to miss! Hiking Trail is a rugged but rewarding • An incredibly varied landscape and excursion. Canoe routes on the White Latitude: 48° 36’ 27” N waterscape from calm inlets to vicious and Pukaskwa rivers are popular Longitude: 86° 17’ 22” W white caps, trails that are REAL, not adventures. Some paddlers also follow Backcountry Exploits manicured. Enjoy magnificent scenery, the Lake Superior coastline from Hattie All backcountry travellers must register beautiful views and an opportunity to get Cove to Michipicoten Harbour, a 7-14 in and out with park staff, and are urged away from it all. day trip requiring extreme caution on this to contact the park well in advance to big lake. • Amazing opportunities abound to learn obtain information and book their trip. about natural history and Wilderness To maintain a feeling of solitude and culture. Pukaskwa’s terrain is hilly, broken by protect the natural environment, the ridges and cliffs, riddled with rock- maximum group size is eight. Be ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES rimmed lakes and clothed in shallow prepared for biting insects, wildlife Interpretive Programs soils. In this wilderness live moose, wolf, encounters and unpredictable weather. Browse through the exhibits in the Visitor black bear and woodland caribou. The The busiest time for backcountry use is Centre, including audio-visual interior is well forested with spruce, fir, mid-July to mid-August. cedar, mixed with birch and aspen. Due Camping to the cold climate and icy influence of Hattie Cove has 67 campsites (29 electrical) and full-serviced comfort stations with showers. The frontcountry has four walking trails, a wheelchair- accessible picnic area, parking and a visitor centre. Primitive designated campsites are located along the 60 km (38 mi.) Coastal Hiking Trail. CONTACT US Pukaskwa National Park SIGNIFICANCE PO Box 212 The only wilderness national park and Heron Bay ON POT 1RO the largest in Ontario, Pukaskwa protects Telephone: 807-229-0801 ext. 242 1,878 km2 of boreal forest and Lake TTY: 807-229-2191 Superior shoreline. The park’s exceptional beauty is revealed in its vistas of Lake Fax: 807-229-2097 6 Superior and in the rugged landscape E-mail: [email protected] 7 ACTIVITIES Sault Ste. Marie Canal N National Historic Site of Canada

A CANADIAN CANAL TO • Get up close to the last surviving CONNECT THE WEST emergency swing , found alongside The history of Sault Ste. Marie is an the canal and hear the fascinating story amalgam of many of the forces which of how it saved the day during the have shaped the character of the disastrous 1909 accident. Canadian nation. Prehistoric settlement • The restored widow’s walk and by native peoples, French exploration, beautiful iron cresting elegantly crown the fur trade, the War of 1812, railway the canal’s administration building, and canal development, industrialization giving it a maritime charm. and urban growth are all reflected in the history of this district. • Today, the canal serves pleasure craft, – Dennis Carter-Edwards using some of the original machinery formerly used to operate the historic WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! lock. Get a close-up view of boats • Whether your interest is engineering or locking through during the lock operating architecture, your senses will surely be season from May 15 to Oct 15. outdoor interpretive panels and various engaged. ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES programs that help visitors discover • Discover fascinating examples of 19th Interpretive Programs engineering and technology in a fun and century technology and the many The Sault Canal offers something for memorable way. Inside the Visitor Centre, engineering ‘firsts’ that were incorporated everyone: guided tours; a Visitor Centre; find out how a lock works and the role in the construction of the Sault Canal’s gravity plays; decode secret messages historic lock. and learn how to spell your name using signal flags like those used by ships. distinct architectural features and useful SIGNIFICANCE designs, these buildings impress The St. Marys River Rapids were the last onlookers from afar. obstacle to an all-Canadian water route from Lake Superior to the GETTING THERE until 1895, when the Sault Ste. Marie Follow the signs from the Trans-Canada Canal opened. A marvel of 19th century Highway (Hwy. 17) or from the technology, the Sault Ste. Marie Canal International from Sault Ste. was home to the world’s longest and Marie, , U.S. first electrically operated lock. It played CONTACT US an important role in Canada’s westward Sault Ste. Marie Canal expansion, moving wheat, ore and National Historic Site lumber east and new settlers west. 1 Canal Drive Electricity was produced in the Sault Ste. Marie ON P6A 6W4 powerhouse, one of the site’s five beautiful historic buildings constructed Telephone: 705-941-6205 of red sandstone excavated from the Fax: 705-941-6206 canal during its construction. With E-mail: [email protected] 8 9 ACTIVITIES Fort St. Joseph N National Historic Site of Canada tent and trailer camping as well as aftermath of the American Revolutionary B&B’s and resort accommodations. War through the War of 1812.

THAT’S WHAT that describes the early history of the SIGNIFICANCE GETTING THERE FRIENDS ARE FOR fort. Browse the re-designed Visitor From 1796 to 1812, Fort St. Joseph Travelling 90 km (56 mi.) east from Sault Today we think of our neighbours to the Centre and learn more about the was the most westerly military outpost in Ste. Marie, Ontario, follow the signs from south as our closest allies and important everyday life through the audio-tour, British North America. It was built to the Trans-Canada Hwy. to St. Joseph trading partners. But, almost 200 years exhibits and activities. protect against American attack and Island. The park is off Reed Road, which ago, the declared war on Walking & Hiking symbolizes the commercial and military is off Hwy. 548. Please remember that Canada in June of 1812 over those two There are several nature trails that alliance that existed between the British the site is open seasonally. things – allies and trade. Canada’s penetrate the mature maple forest and and the First Nation Peoples of the greatest allies during this war were the western in the overlook the marshy bays and islands of CONTACT US First Nations Peoples who joined forces the St. Mary’s River. Interpretive panels with the British to defend Canada. Their Fort St. Joseph National Historic Site along the way help to explain and PO Box 220 help was not only vital in defeating the interpret the history and environment. Americans in one of the first major Richards Landing ON POR 1JO Wildlife battles of the War of 1812 – the capture May to October: This habitat, that once sustained soldiers of the American Fort Mackinac – but Telephone: 705-246-2664 really the entire two-year war. This pivotal and Native people, provides sanctuary Fax: 705-246-1796 first major victory was launched from Fort for moose, deer, beaver and eagles. The St. Joseph. site is filled with birds and wildflowers too! November to April: Camping Telephone: 705-941-6262 WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! St. Joseph’s Island offers a variety of Fax: 705-941-6206 • Fort St. Joseph is on the southern tip of St. Joseph Island, which sits on the E-mail: [email protected] shore of the channel between the two largest Great Lakes: Superior and Huron. • This strategic outpost is a gorgeous one for the vistas of these world-famous waters. • The ashes of its destruction in 1814 have cleared and archaeological digs and research on the remaining foundations and fortifications have uncovered the original footprint. You can stroll among these ruins and let your mind’s eye fill in the blanks.

ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Interpretive Programs Allow 1-3 hours to explore the site fully. Take in the award-winning film Fort St. Joseph, British Outpost on the Frontier

10 11 ACTIVITIES Bruce Peninsula SW National Park of Canada trails reveal the stories behind the scenery. The high definition theatre presentation offers glimpses of the park THE JEWEL BETWEEN LAKE • The world-famous starts (or not normally seen. HURON AND GEORGIAN BAY ends!) here! Pack a snack and hike a Walking & Hiking Located at the tip of the 80 km-long part of this 782 km (489 mi.) pathway to Niagara. Stroll the beaches of Singing Sands and Bruce Peninsula, this park protects one look for the amazing selection of of the largest pockets of wilderness • Of the 60 species of orchids found in wildflowers found growing naturally in a remaining in . Ontario, 43 of them can be found on the diverse collection of habitats. Bruce Peninsula – bring your camera WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! and capture their explosion of colour. Wildlife • Like a pot of gold at the end of the There are many chipmunks, squirrels, rainbow, many treasures of ‘the Bruce’ • The Natural Arch and the Grotto – , porcupines, snowshoe hares, can be found where the Niagara spa-like sea caves popular with swimmers skunks, white-tailed deer, snakes and Photo, © Mark Raycroft Escarpment meets the Great Lake and divers alike. frogs to be found in the park. Black bear, waters. Treasures like spectacular fox, fisher, marten and the park is comprised of an incredible array shoreline cliffs gazing out at Georgian ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES rattlesnake are not as commonly seen. of habitats, from rare alvars to dense Interpretive Programs forests and clean lakes. Together, these Bay, crystal clear turquoise water, sink Camping holes, ancient coral reefs, and sea caves. Programs such as guided hikes, evening form a greater ecosystem – the largest presentations, campfires and special Parks Canada operates Cyprus Lake remaining chunk of natural habitat in events are offered throughout the campground in the park, with 242 Southern Ontario. summer. Interpretive signs and exhibits campsites available. The campground at the Visitor Centre, viewpoints and offers beaches, hiking trails, a day use GETTING THERE area and an outdoor amphitheatre. Located near the town of Tobermory, at the top of the Bruce Peninsula, the park is accessible from the south by Hwy. 6 and from the north, the ferry MS Chi- Cheemaun departs from South Baymouth on Manitoulin Island. For ferry reservations call 1-800-265-3163. Latitude: 45° 12’ 36” N Longitude: 81° 25’ 15” W

CONTACT US Bruce Peninsula National Park PO Box 189 Tobermory ON NOH 2RO SIGNIFICANCE Telephone: 519-596-2233 In the heart of a World Biosphere TTY: 519-596-2397 Reserve, ‘the Bruce’ is a place of global significance. The massive, rugged cliffs Fax: 519-596-2298 of the park are inhabited by thousand E-mail: [email protected] year-old cedar trees, overhanging the Campground Reservation: crystal clear waters of Georgian Bay. The 1-877-737-3783 12 13 ACTIVITIES Fathom Five SW National Marine Park of Canada Wildlife Cove Island is the largest and closest island to the mainland and other smaller A SPARKLING ATTRACTION formations (cliffs, caves, overhangs) and islands. Because of this, it has the When you see the colour of the water here , more than 20 historical shipwrecks offer a greatest variety of wildlife, including you will think you are in the Caribbean! variety of underwater experiences. deer, bears and rattlesnakes. Flowerpot Maybe that is because the land under the • You can get away from it all! This is one Island is smaller and more remote. You waters of Fathom Five Marine Park used to of the most undisturbed parts of the will see many garter snakes, because be down near the equator! Thanks to the UNESCO designated most of the predators that eat them phenomenon known as ‘plate tectonics’ the World Biosphere Reserve. haven’t managed to get across to the continents have slowly moved over the island. You’ll also see red squirrels, surface of the earth. The land around here ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES which cross on the ice in winter. has travelled north over millions of years, Interpretive Programs resting in the Bruce Peninsula – for now! Diver Alert Allow 4-5 hours for your visit. Interpretive Divers are required to register in person exhibits at the Visitor Centre and the at the Diver Registration Centre, located WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! glass-bottomed boat tours reveal the • You will find some of the best freshwater in the Parks Canada Visitor Centre, underwater stories. Aboard the MS Chi- before diving in the park. Park staff diving opportunities in the world here. Clear, Cheemaun (Ojibwa name for ‘Big SIGNIFICANCE clean water, submerged geological provide important information during Fathom Five, established in 1987, is Canoe’) join an interpreter for an registration. ‘insiders’ tour of the park. Board a Canada’s first national marine park. It private tour boat to Flowerpot Island and consists of 20 islands to the north and take in a guided tour of the Lightstation east of the Bruce Peninsula, 130 km2 of and Light keeper’s home. surface water, the ecosystem reaching 200 m below, and the park’s tiny land- Walking & Hiking base at Tobermory Harbour. Composed Flowerpot Island is the only island in the of green islands, lake bottoms and clear park with hiking trails, washrooms and a cold water, it is representative of the picnic shelter. Georgian Bay Marine region.

GETTING THERE See Bruce Peninsula National Park, page 13. Latitude: 45° 12’ 36” N Longitude: 81° 25’ 15” W

Camping CONTACT US There are six tenting sites on Flowerpot Fathom Five National Marine Park Island, each with a wooden tent platform. P. O. Box 189 A camping permit can be obtained at the Tobermory ON NOH 2RO Visitor Centre. The sites are a short walk Telephone: 519-596-2233 from Beachy Cove, the main dock on the island. Access to the island is by private TTY: 519-596-2387 tour boat from Tobermory, your own boat Fax: 519-596-2298 or by kayak (experienced paddlers only). E-mail: [email protected] 14 15 ACTIVITIES Woodside SW National Historic Site of Canada gardens in spring and summer. The Follow the signs to direct you to the site grounds in the summer months are a entrance on Spring Valley Road. peaceful place for picnics, playing croquet, BOYHOOD HOME OF THE • Woodside takes you back to the capturing photos or just walking around CONTACT US FIRST CANADIAN CITIZEN! elegance and splendour of Victorian and imagining that you are back in 1891. Woodside National Historic Site In addition to being the face you see on a times through its ornate furnishings, silky 528 Wellington Street North Canadian $50 bill, fabrics, and costumed hosts. SIGNIFICANCE Kitchener ON N2H 5L5 King was a man of many feats – he was Woodside is the boyhood home of Telephone/TTY: 519-571-5684 • You can enjoy the lily pond and admire William Lyon Mackenzie King, Canada's Canada’s longest serving prime minister, the tulip tree planted by John King, over Fax: 519-571-5686 the first Deputy Minister of Labour, he longest-serving prime minister. The 110 years ago. E-mail: [email protected] introduced the Old Age house has been restored to the Victorian Pension and was • You’ll see a reproduction of the style of the 1890s. The importance of Canada’s first official certificate King received when he was this residence is best reflected in King’s citizen! As the proud made a citizen and can catch a film on own words: “The years that left the most recipient of citizenship the King family in the theatre. abiding of all impressions and most in certificate #0001, the way of family associations were Mackenzie King ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES those lived at Woodside”. boasted that Interpretive Programs “Citizenship is the highest Beautifully restored to represent the GETTING THERE honour a nation can confer upon an early 1890s, the house brings the era of From Hwy. 401, take Hwy 8 west to Hwy. individual who has not been born into this kerosene lamps, mangles, corsets and 85 north (Hwy. 7 East) and exit at heritage”. wood stoves vibrantly to life. You can Wellington St., taking the west cutoff. explore on your own or WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! take part in a • Every season has something new to guided tour of this offer! Come and enjoy and amazingly Canada Day festivities, or drop by to see furnished house. how the Kings celebrated Thanksgiving, Venture into the and Christmas in the late nineteenth hands-on area century. and play games such as crokinole, bagatelle or try the stereoscope. You may be lucky enough to hear beautiful music from Mackenzie King’s piano. Walking & Hiking The attractive grounds and walking trails reflect the beauty of the changing seasons, whether ablaze with fall colours, covered by a blanket of in early winter, or abloom with lovely

16 17

HMCS Haida SW National Historic Site of Canada

CANADA’S MOST the officers who stood watch there, FAMOUS picture yourself in 70 ft. swells, cruising “Magnificent in appearance, majestic in through the Arctic Ocean in the dead of movement, and menacing in disposition”, night, not knowing when a U-boat might this is how the Tribal class attack! were described by a senior Australian naval officer during the Second World • The ladders! You’ll get a work-out War. “Magnificent” because of their long, climbing up and down the myriad of sleek profiles and their ability to steam ladders and passageways of this 114 m ahead at speeds of up to 36 knots! (377 ft.) naval vessel. Hang onto the “Majestic” because of the curves and handrails! lines of the hull; the lush wood detailing of the officers’ living spaces, and ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES “Menacing” because of their powerful Interpretive Programs twin forward guns, their ability to turn on Grab a seat on a mess deck locker and a dime and their anti-aircraft and watch the video In a Class of Her Own participating in many theatres of torpedo firepower. featuring actual footage of Haida in operation during the Second World War, action. Talk to a volunteer who may have the Korean and Cold wars. WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! first-hand stories to tell you of his time in • The access! Most of the ship is open the . Listen to the GETTING THERE HMCS Haida is conveniently located to discovery. As part of your self-guided whirl of the propellers at the interactive halfway between and tour, you get to delve deep into the panel on the jetty. Sign up to be a ‘Sailor for a Day’ on selected dates throughout on Pier 9 in the city of Hamilton ship’s power house – the engine and on . boiler rooms two decks below the main the summer months. deck. Walking & Hiking From the QEW – take exit 89 and follow HMCS Haida is located at the eastern Burlington St. westward past the • The open bridge! Tribals were known terminus of the Hamilton . industrial complexes, turn right at John for having an open bridge so the officers This 3.4 km-long multi-use trail makes St. N. and then turn right onto Guise St. could have a 360° birds-eye view of the its way along Pier 8 and the shore from and then left onto Catharine St. action. When you stand in the shoes of through the . The Parks HMCS Haida to Princess Point, and Canada Discovery Centre is just steps From HWY 403, (Toronto) take the York St. away on the western edge of the exit and follow York, turning left onto adjacent Pier 8. James St. N. Follow James St. N., turn right onto Guise St. and then left onto SIGNIFICANCE Catharine St. HMCS Haida is the last of 27 Tribal class destroyers built for the British, Canadian CONTACT US and Australian navies around the time of HMCS Haida National Historic Site the Second World War. Of these 27 57 Discovery Dr. ships, 13 were sunk and 13 were Hamilton ON L8L 8K4 scrapped – Haida is the sole survivor. Telephone: 905-526-0911 Commissioned in 1943, Her Majesty’s Canadian Ship (HMCS) Haida served in Fax: 905-526-9734 the Royal Canadian Navy until 1963, E-mail: [email protected] 18 19 Parks Canada SW Discovery Centre region. It is a state-of-the-art, environmentally friendly showcase to present the wonders of nationally SHOWCASE OF CANADA’S proud profile of HMCS Haida National significant examples of our cultural and NATURAL AND CULTURAL Historic Site! natural heritage. TREASURES • For the fun you’ll have! Inside, you What happens when you transform eight can crawl into an Atlantic grotto, test your GETTING THERE acres of concrete pier and turn it into a knowledge on an interactive video game, The Parks Canada Discovery Centre is spectacular park-like setting with a state swim through an underwater kelp forest, conveniently located halfway between of the art, award winning structure that take the wheel of a Great Lakes freighter, Niagara Falls and Toronto on Pier 8 in shines on the edge of ? and meet the animated workers of the Gulf the city of Hamilton on Lake Ontario. You get to step into the world of Parks of Georgia Cannery National Historic Site. From the QEW – take exit 89 Canada, without ever leaving the city! (Burlington St.) and follow Burlington • For the experiences you’ll have! summer. Check out the daily offer board westward past the industrial complexes Become a Great Lakes scientist, flood the WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! when you arrive. You may encounter a into the city, turn right at James St. N. water table, climb into the beaver lodge, • For the view! Jutting out into Hamilton soldier from Fort George or learn about and right again onto Guise St. Take the look for butterflies by the pond! Harbour, you can see all the waterfront the great science happening in our first left (turn at the sailboat mast). has to offer, and then some. Vistas include national parks from ‘Dr. Parks’ or get to From Hwy. 403, (Toronto) take the York the shoreline of (part of ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES touch a real narwhal tusk. Each day is a St. exit and follow York, turning left onto Royal Botanical Gardens National Historic Interpretive Programs new discovery! Start your visit in the high definition James St. N. Follow James St. until it Site), the cliffs of Burlington Heights and Walking & Hiking theatre to witness the beauty and ends at Guise St.; turn right onto Guise National Historic sites, Weaving its way along the edges of the wonder of Canada’s historic places and and take the first left (turn at the sailboat and just a short walk along the pier, the Discovery Centre is the Hamilton natural wonders. Games, crafts and mast). Waterfront Trail. This 3.4 km-long multi- activities are offered year-round, with use trail makes its way along Pier 8 and special events planned throughout the the shore from HMCS Haida National Historic Site to Princess Point, and through the Desjardins Canal. Wildlife The harbourfront is a popular fishing spot and the naturalized pond and stormwater troughs attract a diverse array of birdlife and butterflies. Bring your binoculars!

SIGNIFICANCE Located on the water’s edge of Hamilton CONTACT US Harbour on Lake Ontario, the Discovery Parks Canada Discovery Centre Centre is Parks Canada’s way of bringing 57 Discovery Dr. national parks, national historic sites and Hamilton ON L8L 8K4 national marine conservation areas to the doorstep of Canadians living in the Telephone/TTY: 905-526-0911 of Southern Ontario – Fax: 905-526-9734 Canada’s most densely populated urban E-mail: [email protected] 20 21 Fort George SW National Historic Site of Canada fire and was captured during the in May 1813. The U.S. forces used it as a base to invade the rest of , however, they PEACEFUL NEIGHBOURS NOW, WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! were repulsed at the battles of Stoney FIERCE ENEMIES THEN • You can discover the entrance to the Creek and Beaver . After a seven- Stand atop the firing ports of the secret tunnel! This is a 100’ stone tunnel month occupation, the fort was retaken and look across the Niagara which takes you to the basement of a in December and remained in British River. All seems quiet for now but look small blockhouse. There you can climb hands for the remainder of the war. across the river. The U.S.-held garrison, the stairs to the top and see the view Fort Niagara, pops into view and you can from the firing ports. GETTING THERE almost hear the furious gunfire of the • The Fife and Drum Corps roam the muskets firing back and forth between Fort George is located in Niagara-on-the- site, playing the cheerful and melodious Lake, 18 km (11 mi.) north of Niagara U.S. and British troops during the War of fife and drum music of the times. 1812. See the splash of the cannons’ Falls. From the Toronto area, take the falling shot and smell the black powder • Kids can get a lesson in 19th century Queen Elizabeth Highway (QEW) to smoke lingering in the air. musket drill from period soldiers and Niagara. Exit at Hwy. 55 and continue to sample treats from the authentic colonial Niagara-on-the-Lake. army kitchen. • Fort George is located in the historic ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES town of Niagara-on-the-Lake, which was Interpretive Programs declared Ontario’s first national heritage Thrill to the sound of flintlock muskets district. The whole town feels historic, and the thunder of cannon as you watch gun and artillery demonstrations as part of with carefully restored houses and shops your guided tour. Costumed staff provide throughout, not to mention the world- stories and insight into garrison life. famous Shaw Festival Theatre. Walking & Hiking In addition to roaming inside the vast ramparts of the fort, why not explore the Niagara Parks’ heritage trail that is just steps away. The trail passes historic War of 1812 sites where you can explore fascinating old growth and Carolinian forests, the Niagara Escarpment, the Great Gorge and pristine nature preserves.

SIGNIFICANCE Fort George served as the headquarters of the in this part of Ontario CONTACT US during the War of 1812. These forces Niagara National Historic Sites included British regulars, local , PO Box 787 Aboriginal peoples, and Runchey’s corps Niagara-on-the-Lake ON LOS 1JO of freed slaves. Major-General Sir Isaac Telephone: 905-468-6614 Brock, the saviour of Upper Canada served here until his death at the Battle TTY: 905-468-1477 of in October 1813. Fax: 905-468-4638 The fort was destroyed by American E-Mail: [email protected] 22 23 ACTIVITIES Queenston Heights SW National Historic Site of Canada hawks float above during migration. The river is famous for its concentration of gulls in the fall. SURGITE!! WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! 13 October 1812 – The swirling currents • Standing high atop the “Heights” you SIGNIFICANCE of the treacherous almost see the swirling of the currents of the Despite the death of their commander drowned a few of the guys as they swam Niagara River below and will see why the Brock, the British went on to win the across in the pitch black of night before New York militia were reluctant to enter Battle of Queenston Heights after a dawn. Little did Major-General Sir Isaac this whirling stream. fierce 12-hour battle, aided by Aboriginal Brock know that the New York State • It is the tomb of Major-General Sir warriors of the Six Nations. This victory, militiamen had come across and found , whose statue is perched combined with a more recent capture of the hidden fishermen’s path to the top of high atop the monument to his memory, united the people of Upper the escarpment. Before sunrise, they had and that of his aide-de-camp, John Canada (present day Ontario) behind the managed to take the gun at the v-shaped McDonnell, who is also buried there. war effort against the Americans. on the hill – Brock was furious and stomped out to get it back - • It is the focal point of the scenic but it cost him his life. Before he died, Niagara Parkway that traces the edge of he yelled to his men, Surgite! (Push On the Niagara River from Niagara Falls to Brave York Rangers) Niagara-on-the-Lake. Sir Winston Churchill once described it as the “prettiest drive in the world”.

ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Walking & Hiking Pack a lunch and follow the interpretive trail of the historic battle. Atop the Niagara Escarpment, Queenston marks the beginning of the world-famous 782 km Bruce Trail, which ends in Tobermory at Bruce Peninsula National Park. GETTING THERE Wildlife Queenston Heights is located outside the The warm air currents around the town of Queenston, on the Niagara Heights make it a great area to watch Parkway, mid-way between Niagara Falls and Niagara-on-the-Lake.

CONTACT US Niagara National Historic Sites PO Box 787 Niagara-on-the-Lake ON LOS 1JO Telephone: 905-468-6614 TTY: 905-468-1477 Fax: 905-468-4638 2244 E-Mail: [email protected] 25 James Bay L.Nipigon

Thunder Bay Lake Superior National ParkN Marathon W Pukaskwa National Marine Conservation Area L.Superior National HistoricE Site Timmins ParksS Canada Discovery Centre Sault Ste. Marie Canal Sault Ste. Marie ONTARIO Fort St. Joseph L.Michigan N E Sudbury W QUEBEC S Fathom Five Georgian Bay Bruce Peninsula Georgian Bay Islands Laurier House L.Huron Bethune Memorial House Port Severn Gravenhurst Trent–Severn Rideau Canal Waterway CANADA Peterborough U.S.A. Woodside Toronto Kingston Sarnia Trenton Kitchener Hamilton HMCS Haida Fort Wellington Detroit Windsor Fort George L.Ontario Fort Henry St. Lawrence Islands N Parks Canada Queenston Heights Kingston Fortifications Leamington Discovery Centre Niagara Falls Bellevue House Buffalo Point Pelee L.Erie

Fort Malden Parks Canada Sites in Ontario

26 27 Fort Malden SW National Historic Site of Canada role in many skirmishes during the War of 1812 and the . A TALE OF TWO FORTS ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES GETTING THERE Just down the road from , Interpretive Programs Fort Malden is situated at 100 Laird an anxious whisper travels through the Allow two hours for your visit. Original Avenue in Amherstburg, a short drive town from man to man, and woman to defensive earthworks, a restored barrack south from Windsor on County Road 20. woman: General Brock has arrived and is building, and interpretation centre with meeting with the great warrior, exhibits and audio-visual presentations at the Indian Counsel House. He has that reveal the fort’s stories await you. CONTACT US promised new reinforcements and There are also demonstrations of Fort Malden National Historic Site renewed hope for the struggle with the historical activities that take place and PO Box 38 Americans across the river. The goal: the Garrison Gift Shop to tempt you with Amherstburg ON N9V 2Z2 the capture of Detroit. souvenirs and special gifts. Telephone/TTY: 519-736-5416 Walking & Hiking Fax: 519-736-6603 WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! This beautiful 12-acre riverfront site is a E-mail: [email protected] • Located on the banks of the Detroit gorgeous setting for a stroll. River, the fort stands guard, reminding us of when the threat of American Wildlife invasion was very real – you can picture The Fort Malden Shoreline Habitat how vulnerable the community of Enhancement Project has built Amherstburg would have felt. embayments designed to increase fish habitat in the . • It’s really two forts in one! The original Fort Amherstburg was built in 1796, and SIGNIFICANCE was burned during the War of 1812 only to be rebuilt by the occupying American Fort Malden has served as the forces. headquarters for the British forces on the western frontier of Ontario, a British Indian Department post, a dockyard for the Upper Great Lakes, and the meeting place for Chief Tecumseh and General Isaac Brock during the War of 1812. Known originally as Fort Amherstburg, the site commanded the shipping and communication route on the Detroit River at the mouth of and played a

28 29 ACTIVITIES Point Pelee SW National Park of Canada the raised boardwalk, with its telescopes and 35 ft.-high observation tower. dragonflies and the endangered pricky Wildlife BE INSPIRED BY CANADA’S It is the home of ’s only pear cactus. NATURE... AND REMEMBER IT lizard, the five-lined skink. These snake- FOR A LIFETIME • You can tiptoe to the Tip! Canada’s Our goal is to bring people and the like lizards have five cream stripes on environment together. From picnic areas to southernmost point can be found at the their iridescent green-black bodies, and the Visitor Centre, to famous vistas like the tip of the park that extends far into Lake a bright blue tail. You can also see deer Tip and the Marsh Boardwalk, all facilities Erie. If your toes are tired, you can ride and cottontail rabbits bounding through and services are designed to ensure a the ‘open air’ shuttle there instead. the park. memorable experience and to preserve Wildlife Alert the park's natural environment. ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES There are a number of ‘at risk’ species Interpretive Programs in the park, including the eastern flying WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! Cruise among the cattails with an squirrel, the prickly pear cactus, and the • A lush Carolinian forest oasis at the interpreter in our 10-person canoe. eastern spiny softshell turtle. ‘Meet’ the marsh’s carnivorous plant and southern tip of Canada, Point Pelee Camping take a glimpse at life below the water, as National Park resounds with migrating Since Point Pelee is a day-use park, you discover a side of Point Pelee few songbirds in the spring, hums with there is no camping available for have experienced. Stop at the Visitor cicadas in the summer, flutters with families. Camping can be found in the Centre, which provides an excellent nearby town of Leamington. Monarch butterflies in the fall and is a introduction to the park, with new forests, insects, reptiles, amphibians, peaceful place of reflection in the winter. exhibits, a children’s discovery room and and of course birds. It is home to one of • Birds, butterflies and dragonflies – theatre programs. Step back in time on the few remaining Carolinian forests in oh my! Point Pelee is on a major fall the DeLaurier Trail and walk through a Canada. migration path for the regal Monarch restored 1850s homestead. butterfly, a spring migration path for over Walking & Hiking GETTING THERE 370 species of birds and home to There are eight exciting self-guided trails From Windsor or the United States, take covering more than 12 kms to lead you Hwy. 3 to Leamington. From Hwy. 401, through your trek of discovery in this take Hwy. 77 to Leamington. Follow the park filled with diverse habitats and green and white signs to the park, ecosystems. ‘Hike’ through a marsh on located 10 km southeast of Leamington. Latitude: 42° 0’ 48” N SIGNIFICANCE Longitude: 82° 34’ 23” W Located at the same latitude as northern California, Point Pelee’s climate is also CONTACT US modified by Lake Erie, which lines its Point Pelee National Park beaches on two sides of the triangular- 407 Monarch Lane, RR 1 shaped peninsula. This 7 km-long spit is Leamington ON N8H 3V4 a staging area for over 370 species of Telephone: 519-322-2365 birds on their spring and fall migrations and is known as Canada’s top Fax: 519-322-1277 birdwatching location. Although it is Recorded message line: Canada’s smallest national park, there is 519-322-2371 a huge diversity of habitats for plants, E-mail: [email protected] 30 31 ACTIVITIES Georgian Bay Islands C National Park of Canada GETTING THERE This is an island-based park, accessible only by boat. Contact the park for INSPIRING ISLANDS • Often referred to as the “sixth Great information about the Daytripper. AND INLETS Lake”, Georgian Bay is a boater’s “A landscape clean and crisp in form paradise, with its many islands and and colour, rich in inspiration is all that secluded bays that provide a unique an artist could wish for, begging to be national park boating experience. used, and full of inherent possibilities.” – • Cool morning mists and vibrant Frank Carmichael, Group of Seven artist colours make for a beautiful tranquil setting in the fall months – and no bugs! WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! Wildlife • The iconic scenery – windswept white The park is home to the largest diversity ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES pines on pink granite bedrock – has long of reptiles and amphibians in all of Visit the Parks Canada Welcome Centre Canada’s national parks, including inspired Canadians, including the famous at Lock 45 in Port Severn to learn about Group of Seven artists. species such as the five-lined skink, the park’s features and recreational eastern foxsnake and eastern • The park is composed of 59 islands activities. Open seasonally. Massasauga rattlesnake. The mix of and parts of islands and stretches from Interpretive Programs habitats supports a diversity of breeding Honey Harbour northward to Twelve Mile Park interpreters tour throughout the birds, including Prairie Warblers, Scarlet Bay. On sunny days, the bay’s cobalt park during the summer, with props and Tanagers and Common Terns. waters form a striking counterpart to the fun activities to help you enjoy and learn light blue of the sky. Camping about Georgian Bay Islands National Park. The diverse ecosystems offer outstanding Walking & Hiking hiking, camping and boating experiences. Book a trip on the park boat, the Spend some time camping among lush Note that there are no Daytripper, to enjoy hiking, picnicking or hardwoods at Cedar Spring campground stores on the island, swimming on . or at a remote campsite, where you can however ice and firewood fall asleep to the sounds of Georgian Bay are available at the Cedar Spring waves lapping at the shoreline. Campground kiosk. Latitude: 44° 48’ 17” N SIGNIFICANCE Longitude: 79° 44’ 19” W Lying on the edge of the , the park islands are home to both CONTACT US northern and southern species of plants Georgian Bay Islands National Park and animals. This ‘edge effect’ is PO Box 9 evident in the park landscape. The Midland ON L4K 4K6 barren, glacier-scraped rock and Telephone/TTY: 705-526-9804 windswept pines that fired the imagination of the Group of Seven artists dominate Fax: 705-526-5939 the northern islands and northern E-mail: [email protected] Beausoleil Island. Southern Beausoleil, Campground Reservation – with its thicker soils and rich hardwood Cedar Spring campground: forests is very different and equally awe- 705-526-8907 inspiring. May to Labour Day, Monday to Saturday 3322 33 Bethune Memorial House C National Historic Site of Canada south of Algonquin Park. Follow Hwy. 400 north from Toronto to Hwy. 11. Exit at Gravenhurst and continue to John St. N. BIRTHPLACE OF A HERO site or venture out on one of the many “We must all learn the spirit of absolute public trails around Gravenhurst. CONTACT US Bethune Memorial House selflessness from him. National Historic Site With this spirit, SIGNIFICANCE 235 John St. North everyone can be very This site commemorates the life and Gravenhurst ON P1P 1G4 helpful to each other. achievements of Dr. Henry Norman A man’s ability may Bethune. Impatient and restless, he was Telephone: 705-687-4261 be great or small, but inspired to help others by a sense of Fax: 705-687-4935 if he has this spirit, duty and a love of the outdoors. This E-mail: [email protected] he is already noble inspiration guided his work as a -minded and pure, battlefront surgeon, activist, inventor, a man of moral integrity and above humanitarian, teacher and artist. vulgar interests, a man who is of value Bethune is significant for his internation- to the people” – Mao Zedong, Chairman ally acclaimed medical achievements of the People’s Republic of China of Chinese students as an example of and personal sacrifices made in the selfless humanitarianism. speaking of Bethune. cause of humanitarian principles. Dr. Bethune is most famous for his GETTING THERE WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! • Many of the medical instruments that heroic work in China, where he became The site is located in Gravenhurst, two Bethune invented and used are on a hero to the Chinese people after hours north of Toronto and one hour display in the Visitor Centre. serving as a field surgeon and medical teacher. Generations after his death, his • The site is in the heart of cottage story continues to be taught to millions country and the beautiful lakes and tranquil streams of Muskoka! • The late-Victorian home of the Bethune family has been restored to reflect their tastes and habits at the time of Norman’s birth in 1890.

ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Interpretive Programs Exhibits and dramatic film vignettes highlight the achievements of Bethune, revealing his innovative surgical techniques and the mobile blood transfusion service he developed for use in the battlefield. Walking & Hiking Stroll through the landscaped garden on

34 35 ACTIVITIES Trent–Severn Waterway C National Historic Site of Canada and crappie. Carp is also a popular sport used to calculate lockage and mooring fish. There are approximately 35 species fees. Charges for overnight camping are listed by the Committee on the Status of based on group size or camping is free AN UPLIFTING EXPERIENCE! gates as you negotiate these Endangered Wildlife in Canada, including with the purchase of a mooring permit. Peterborough is the site of the world’s passageways on this ribbon of water – six turtle species at risk. Other wildlife Municipal and private marinas offer fuel, highest lift lock, where you will be lifted that winds from the St. Lawrence Lowlands found in the area are deer, moose, repairs, pump outs, shore power, or lowered a height of 20 m (65 ft.)! The to the spectacular Canadian Shield. coyote, fox, and if you’re really lucky, you showers and overnight docking. second highest lift lock – and a different • There is so much to do – boating, might see a black bear or wolf. structure entirely – is at , where canoeing, kayaking, cycling, hiking, Boating Alert SIGNIFICANCE you will rise almost 15 m (49 ft.). The lift antique shopping, picnicking, studios, The Trent–Severn Waterway covers an locks are open-air elevators for boats, Boaters should always use navigational galleries, museums, archaeological sites, charts. When visiting a lock station, area four times the size of P.E.I. and like a giant bathtub that goes up and waterfalls, fishing, alvars, caves, summer links Lake Ontario, at Trenton, with Lake down, ferrying boats from one water level children should be accompanied by an theatre, festivals and fairs – it’s a adult and stay well back from lock Huron, at Port Severn on Georgian Bay. to a different one. These are just two of vacation paradise! The 386 km-long waterway follows the the 45 locks you’ll experience as you chamber walls, lock operating devices travel this ancient ribbon of historic and dam structures. It is important that ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES you pay attention to our Locking Through places linking Lake Ontario with Georgian Interpretive Programs Safely information. Bay on ! Allow at least an hour to learn more about the waterway’s history and Camping WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! construction at the Visitor Centre at the Lockage, mooring and camping permits • The Big Chute! North America’s only National Historic are available for sale to boaters at most operating marine railway – you will be Site. Interpretive displays recreate the lock stations and the Headquarters amazed to see boats carried on a giant sights and sounds of lift lock construction, Office in Peterborough. Vessel length is hammock up or down this 18 m- (60 ft) while video presentations provide a long stretch of rapids. Skilful lockmasters glimpse into its workings. swing open and close the massive lock Boating & Hiking Experience the waterway in a variety of ways – operate your own boat, rent a fully-equipped houseboat, experience a day cruise or book a multi-day excursion. There are many lovely picnic sites and pathways to explore at the lock stations. As you hike the forests along the waterway, you’ll encounter white pine, yellow birch, white spruce, and hemlock mixed with jack pine stands, basswood, sugar maple and beech. Watch for map turtles sunning themselves as you pass by the locks and shorelines! Wildlife The waters in and around the Trent– Severn Waterway are full of pike, bass, walleye (pickerel), trout, salmon, perch, 36 37 Trent–Severn Waterway C Algonquin Provincial Park Primary Lockstation Haliburton Trent River to Rice Lake, into the mouth of the Trent River. Port Severn, the Georgian Otonabee River, Kawartha Lakes, northern terminus is the gateway to Bay Big Chute Minden constructed channels leading into lakes Georgian Bay and can be reached from J K Simcoe and Couchiching, and the Severn Toronto on Hwy. 400 north. Port Severn River to Georgian Bay. Originally, the Peterborough can be reached from Hwy. waterway was a canoe route for Fenelon 401 by taking Hwy. 115 exit north. There . H I F Bobcaygeon E Aboriginal peoples and then became an are many towns and locks in between Falls important route for fur traders. More G Kirkfield where you can watch or launch into the BARRIE w a r t h a L L. Simcoe K a a k e Lakefield than a century ago, the canal boomed waterway. Look for the Parks Canada s B LINDSAY with logging and agricultural fortunes of beaver signs to guide you once you Campbellford D post-Confederation Ontario. Today, reach these towns and cities. PETERBOROUGH commerce has given way to heritage C Port Perry Latitude: 44° 18’ 20” N A tourism and recreation, making it one of TRENTON Longitude: 78° 19’ 43” W E V E R N W – S A T l the finest water routes in North America T E Cobourg a N R Port Hope n for pleasure craft. E W Ca R A y A R I O ra T Y T r E O N Mu L A K GETTING THERE V O Trenton, the southern terminus for the I N E - R NA V E waterway is located at the western end V I – S E G A B L E -T R E N T Legend of the Bay of Quite on Hwy. 401 at the

A Trenton Gateway Lock G Historic Talbot Sector Locks B Healey Falls H Stephen Leacock National Historic Site C Serpent Mounds Park I Champlain Monument D Peterborough Lift Lock & Visitor Centre J Big Chute Marine Railway E Petroglyphs Provincial Park K Port Severn Gateway Lock F

CONTACT US Trent-Severn Waterway National Historic Site of Canada PO Box 567 Peterborough ON K9J 6Z6 Telephone: 1-888-773-8888 TTY: 1-866-787-6221 Fax: 705-742-9644 E-mail: [email protected] 38 39 Laurier House E National Historic Site of Canada home of two of Canada’s most notable prime ministers, Sir and the Rt. Hon. William Lyon Mackenzie King. For over 50 years, from 1897 to A HOME FIT FOR A KING you decide if you want to take advantage 1948, the house occupied a central – AND A LAURIER of a personalized guided tour of the house. position in the political life of Canada. An excerpt from King’s Diary: Live theatre presentations are presented King bequeathed the house to the Laurier House – Tuesday, on the verandah with afternoon tea “Government and people of Canada” in June 6, 1944 “I was throughout the summer months. the belief that future generations would wakened, this morning, Walking & Hiking be interested in the place where they about half past four by a Laurier House is located in the lived, where they entertained dignitaries GETTING THERE loud knock at the door of neighbourhood known as Sandy Hill. and politicians, and where they often Laurier House is located in downtown my bedroom, Wentzell, The mansions and townhouses of this conducted the business of the country. Ottawa. From Hwy. 417 (Queensway), one of the Mounted early Ottawa residential district date from take the exit; turn right Policemen on duty, coming 1870 to the early 20th century. This is a on East. in and saying: “Mr. King, the great neighbourhood to explore on a [D-day] invasion has begun.” self-guided urban hike, with a number of CONTACT US informative plaques along the way. Laurier House National Historic Site WHY YOU WILL 335 Laurier Avenue East LOVE IT! SIGNIFICANCE Ottawa ON K1N 6R4 • You’ll see the library, Prior to the purchase of 24 Telephone/TTY: (613) 992-8142 King’s command centre in 1943, the Fax: (613) 947-4851 throughout the Second did not have an . E-mail: [email protected] World War. Laurier House was purchased by the • You can see the gifts Liberal Party in 1896 and served as the and memorabilia presented to King by visiting dignitaries, such as Franklin D. Roosevelt, Sir Winston Churchill, Charles de Gaulle and Jawaharlal Nehru, and celebreties such as Shirley Temple and the Dionne Quintuplets. • You’ll get a glimpse of how King and his predecessor, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, lived and entertained in this elegant Second Empire home. Lady Laurier had a particular fondness for entertaining in the front room, while King held court in his library on the third floor.

ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Interpretive Programs In the theatre you will get an introduction to the lives of Laurier and King before 40 41 Fort Wellington E National Historic Site of Canada

GUARDIAN OF THE chock full of commercial shipping ST. LAWRENCE vessels and recreational boaters. It can U.S. President Thomas Jefferson once be found by driving along the scenic St. boasted that the taking of Canada would Lawrence Heritage Parkway. be “a mere matter of marching,” but • The trapdoors in the blockhouse; American soldiers found themselves you’ll see how they were designed to retreating in a hurry when troops from Fort allow soldiers to fire down directly on Wellington crossed the frozen St. Lawrence anyone trying to penetrate the building. River and staged a surprise attack on Ogdensburg N.Y. in 1813. The leader of • Forsyth’s sword is on display! the American force, Captain , was in such a hurry he left his ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES sword behind as he fled. Interpretive Programs Visit the newly updated and enhanced WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! Visitor Reception Centre, where you can • It was a real family fort – unlike many watch an orientation video, view other British garrisons, the soldiers’ informative exhibits and shop in the Walking & Hiking wives and children (up to the age of 14) Barrack Store. Meet the knowledgeable The fort field offers a wide stretch of open lived with them in the . This fort staff on site and try on a military parkland and access to a riverfront trail. meant that certain amenities, like uniform, learn a military drill or descend As you wander within the fort walls, you separate latrines, and divider curtains for into a tunnel that leads out into the deep will see the original gate, blockhouse, married couples were necessary. ditches surrounding the fort. Be sure to latrine building, officers’ quarters and catch a performance of the Parks Canada tunnel. • The fort is located on the edge of the Players on Thursday evenings at 8 p.m. mighty St. Lawrence River – the gateway in July and August. to the Great Lakes and the Atlantic – SIGNIFICANCE Fort Wellington was built during the War of 1812 to defend the St. Lawrence River shipping route between Montreal and Kingston from attack by the United States. It was called into service again in 1838 east and turn left on Vankoughnet St. The when the post was threatened by site is one hour southwest of Ottawa, a Canadian rebels and their American few minutes drive from the Ogdensburg supporters. The fort continued to be used International Bridge. off and on for military purposes until it was opened to the public in 1923 as an CONTACT US historic site. Fort Wellington National Historic Site 370 Vankoughnet Street GETTING THERE Prescott ON KOE 1TO Fort Wellington is located on Hwy. 2 in Prescott. From Hwy. 401, exit at Telephone/TTY: 613-925-2896 Prescott, head south on Edward St. to Fax: 613-925-1536 King St. (Hwy. 2) and turn left; continue 42 E-mail: [email protected] 43 ACTIVITIES St. Lawrence Islands E National Park of Canada Walking & Hiking The Mallorytown Landing 1.7 km-long walking trail (800 m of which is barrier- IN THE HEART OF THE • You can keep your feet dry and gaze free) travels through woodland and 1000 ISLANDS at the islands from the shoreline by wetland habitats. A new trail system Like the salad dressing that shares its exploring it on two wheels or four along can be found at Jones Creek, the park’s name, the are made the scenic 37 km (23 mi.) 1000 Islands eastern mainland property. The Landon up of lots of colourful bits and pieces Parkway. Bay Centre is located on the 1000 suspended by a swirl of liquid. In this case, Islands Parkway and offers an extensive the liquid is the St. Lawrence River, which ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES network of walking trails as well carries 1/3 of the world’s freshwater to Visitor Centre (www.landonbay.org). the sea and the bits are small islands The Visitor Centre at Mallorytown Landing that jut into the course, like bumpers in features a children’s activity area, live Wildlife SIGNIFICANCE The park’s botanical diversity provides a a pinball machine. St. Lawrence Islands animals, a theatre and interactive exhibits. Canada’s third smallest national park, range of breeding habitats, which has National Park is the small pearl found Park interpreters and interpretive St. Lawrence Islands is a “tiny jewel with resulted in a rich bird population. The among these colourful islands. programs reveal the secrets of the 1000 a rich and complex natural and cultural region is also renowned for its high Islands region and the wonders of its history”. Located in the UNESCO diversity of reptiles and amphibians. WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! natural and cultural heritage. The Visitor Frontenac Arch Biosphere Reserve, the There are more than 30 species identified • It is the ultimate ‘getaway from it all’ Centre also has a playground, picnic park is a small protected area that works as being ‘at risk’ in the 1000 Islands – the park’s 20 islands are only area, telephone, parking for vehicles and to promote sustainable recreation while area. The park is working with area accessible by water. Routes along the trailers, boat launch, overnight docking, protecting the land and wildlife that groups to protect the habitat of such Thousand Islands Water Trail and a walking trail. make the 1000 Islands region a popular species as the stinkpot turtle, deerberry (www.paddle1000.com) can help you tourist destination. navigate your way around the islands in and pitch pine. the park. GETTING THERE The park mainland headquarters is about 20 km (12.5 mi.) west of at Mallorytown Landing on the 1000 Islands Parkway. Travellers on Hwy. 401 take exit 675 south. Park islands are accessible by boat only. The park does not provide water transportation. Boating Alert Latitude: 44° 29’ 13” N The St. Lawrence River has many Longitude: 75° 52’ 7” W dangerous shoals. Accurate nautical charts are required for boating safety. Day-use and docking fees are on a self- CONTACT US registration system. St. Lawrence Islands National Park 2 County Road 5, RR 3 Camping Mallorytown ON KOE 1RO There are 12 island areas with 67 campsites, dock areas, privies and Telephone: 613-923-5261 walking trails. Campsites are on a first- Fax: 613-923-1021 come, first-served basis through a self- E-mail: [email protected] registration system. 44 45 Bellevue House E National Historic Site of Canada ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Interpretive Programs Your hosts in period costume provide information and insight into the life of COMMEMORATING CANADA’S WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! FIRST PRIME MINISTER • This is a very rare example of John A. and his wife Isabella as you walk Italianate villa architecture. When it was the grounds and tour the interior of this “I have taken a cottage or rather, I beg unique house. Interpretive signs and its pardon, a Villa near Harper’s cottage built in the early 1840s, it was one of the first of its kind in the Province of exhibits await you at the Visitor Centre, to which we remove, along with a gift shop and video to Isa, the baby and Canada! It was more in keeping with the style of country houses in Tuscany, Italy acquaint you with this important part of I, on Saturday. It Canada’s history. The video is available is a large roomy and was very elaborate for the then conservative town of Kingston. in English, French, German, Cantonese, house. The house and Japanese. was built for a • The gardens are spectacular! There retired grocer, are three parts to the Bellevue House Walking & Hiking who was resolved gardens: ornamental grounds, heirloom The restored grounds and gardens to have a “Eyetalian apple orchard and kitchen garden. In provide a beautiful park-like setting Willar”, and has built these gardens can be found heirloom around the house. Nearby, along the the most fantastic concern imaginable”. plants, including heritage apple varieties edge of the lake, you can also explore – John A. Macdonald writing to his and displays of period annuals, MacDonald Memorial Park and wife’s sister vegetables, herbs and perennials. neighbouring Queen’s University, one of August 15, 1848. Canada’s oldest campuses and several other museums and galleries. Significance MacDonald’s contribution to the founding The house is significant for its rare style of Canada through his efforts to unite of architecture but is also a site the provinces of Nova Scotia, New commemorating Sir John A. Brunswick, Upper and (Ontario and Quebec) into Confederation and his role as the first prime minister of Canada.

GETTING THERE Exit Hwy. 401 via Sir John A. Macdonald Blvd. (Exit 615), south 5.5 km (3.4 mi.) to Union Street, left on Union Street to Centre Street, right on Centre 1 1/2 blocks.

CONTACT US Bellevue House National Historic Site 35 Centre Street Kingston ON K7L 4E5 Telephone: 613-545-8666 Fax: 613-545-8721 E-mail: [email protected] 4646 47 ACTIVITIES Rideau Canal E National Historic Site of Canada Ottawa Locks: From Colony to Capital Learn about the environment, historical figures, engineering and the founding of ONTARIO’S FIRST WORLD • After visiting the Rideau Canal, make the nation’s capital at the HERITAGE SITE your way through the Byward Market to Museum, Ottawa’s oldest stone building. World Heritage means a world-class the former St. Brigid’s Church, a church Merrickville Lockstation: Industrial destination! What started out as untamed built by many of those who constructed wilderness and wild rivers has become the canal and enjoy “Ghosts and Echoes Heritage, Historic Community an internationally recognized example of of the Rideau”. This collection of ghost Originally built to defend the Rideau engineering and heritage preservation stories, legends, folklore and re-enactments Canal in case of war, the Merrickville excellence! Thanks to the brilliant design provides a true Rideau Canal experience! Blockhouse, the largest blockhouse and planning of Lt. Col. and the constructed along the canal, is now a British , our nation’s • Admire North America’s oldest museum. Kingston Mills Lockstation: Gateway capital grew from this important supply operating waterway. You can see up close the work of the lockmasters as they open Combined Lockstation: to the Past and transportation corridor running all Technology Old and New the way from Kingston to Ottawa. and close the sluice gates for boating Learn about the changing uses of the traffic. You’ll also get to walk across the Visit the Rideau Canal Museum, located canal over time – its defence, settlement, huge lock gates, see the amazing just beside Smiths Falls Combined commerce and pleasure use. Discover WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! stonework of the defensible structures Lockstation. Inside, displays and artifacts the topography of the Canadian Shield • This place can be enjoyed year-round, and dams. Learn about the life of past bring to life the history of the canal. and tour the blockhouse. on, in and around the entire 202 km and present Rideau Canal workers. Jones Falls Lockstation : Engineering Walking, Hiking, Driving & Boating corridor of the canal. In the winter, the in the Wilderness (off Hwy. 15, near world’s largest outdoor skating rink can ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Elgin) Take a scenic day or overnight cruise be found between Dows Lake and the Interpretive Programs offered by commercial operators. Pilot a Ottawa Locks. In the warmer months, You’ll gain insight into the struggle of boat, paddle a canoe or lounge in a Take advantage of guided tours of the canal builders confronted with disease hike, drive or navigate to one or all of the five major lockstations along the canal: houseboat, which are for rent at various lockstations. Take time to visit the Rideau and inhospitable terrain. Visit a working locations along the canal. Drive to a Heritage Route and the historic towns 1843 blacksmith shop, encounter the lockstation and have a family picnic. and villages through which the waterway home of the first lockmaster at Jones Boating Alert passes. Falls (Sweeney House) and marvel at the largest dam of its time in North America: Canal navigational charts are recommended the stone arch dam. for safe boating. They are available for purchase at lockstations or from Friends of the Rideau gift shops along the canal. Wildlife Building a navigable waterway significantly altered the natural environment through which it passed. The construction of a number of dams and weirs drowned adjacent lands, helping to create one of the most diverse fish communities in Canada. Extensive wetland areas have become a rich environment for a wide variety of plants and animals. 48 49 E Kingston Fortifications E Rideau Canal National Historic Site of Canada

Ottawa River The United Nations Educational, Scientific Ottawa Locks and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has OTTAWA designated Kingston Fortifications

Manotick National Historic Site of Canada part of a world heritage site! Main Lockstations Perth

Smiths Falls Burritts Rapids WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT! Murphys Point Rideau • The architecture and construction of Westport Ferry Big Rideau the towers is unique, displaying the Newboro Merrickville design of the Royal Engineers and the Fort Frederick skill of masons who built them. Their Chaffeys can explore three floors of exhibits of Jones Falls roofs were designed to be removed and they have ditches and caponnières social and military artifacts. which are quite distinctive. SIGNIFICANCE Kingston Mills • Several of Canada’s remaining Martello The Kingston fortifications include Fort St. La KINGSTON wrence River Towers are right here in Kingston. You Henry and four Martello towers: Murney, can see them from land as well as by Shoal, Cathcart and Fort Frederick. The Camping GETTING THERE water. site is of national historic significance Most lockstations provide washrooms, The Rideau Canal extends from Kingston because it was built for the defence of first-aid, overnight dockage and picnic to Ottawa. Hwy. 15 follows the waterway ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIES Kingston Harbour, the southern terminus facilities, including tables, benches and along much of its length from Smiths Interpretive Programs of the Rideau Canal, the Naval Dockyard barbecue grills. Camping is available for Falls south towards Kingston. Hwy. 416 The Royal Military College of Canada and Kingston as a military station. boaters, hikers and cyclists. Murphy’s and several regional roads access the Museum is housed in Fort Frederick, Point Provincial Park is located almost at waterway between Ottawa and Smiths where the history of Canada’s century- GETTING THERE the halfway point of the canal, near Perth. Falls. In Ottawa, follows old seat of military education, the : 2 King Street West, the canal from the to the exploits of its graduates and the story of Kingston Hogs Back locks. the Kingston Naval Yard are presented. SIGNIFICANCE Fort Frederick: Campus of Royal The Rideau Canal is a true engineering Latitude: 44° 53’ 57” N The Kingston Historical Society operates Military College of Canada, Hwy. 2, marvel. It is the best-preserved Longitude: 76° 1’ 16” W a museum in Murney Tower, where you Kingston slackwater canal in the world, and the : in the water at CONTACT US only canal from the great 19th century Murney Tower Confederation Basin; can be seen from canal-building era that still operates Rideau Canal National Historic Site the area where Market Battery once was. along its original watercourse and with 34 Beckwith Street South : is located on Cedar its original structures intact. The canal Smiths Falls ON K7A 2A8 Island, just offshore from Point Henry. and the fortifications built at Kingston to Telephone: 1-888-773-8888 protect it, illustrate a globally important (North America only) CONTACT US stage in human history – the clash for Telephone/TTY: 613-283-5170 Murney Tower: 613-544-9925 control of the northern half of the Fax: 613-283-0677 Fort Frederick: 613-541-6000 ex. 6664 continent. Lt. Col. John By of the British E-mail: [email protected] Royal Engineers supervised the construction, completed in 1832. 50 51 ProudlyFort Henry Bringing You Canada At Its Best E Planning Your Visit to Canada’s National Parks LandNational and culture Historic are woven Site into of the Canada tapestry of Canada’s history and the and National Historic Sites Canadian spirit. The richness of our great country is celebrated in a network of To receive FREE trip-planning information on Canada’s protectedPOINT places HENRY’S that allow FORT us to understand national parks and national historic sites in other A UNESCO World Heritage Site protected the land, people and events that shaped provinces and territories call today : Canada.and presented “in the name of all British soldiersSome who things served just there”. can’t be 1-888-773-8888 replaced.WHY YOU Your WILLsupport LOVE is vital IT! to protect• Musical the performances ecological and and commemorativemilitary marching integrity demonstrations of these naturalby the areasFort Henry and Guard symbols are offeredof our past,with sodramatic they willevening persist, Sunset intact Ceremonies and vibrant, into the future. on Wednesdays in July and August. shipment point along the supply route between Montreal or Ottawa and all • The fort was strategically situated to points west, this garrison was an Iceland protect the naval dockyard, which means important defence against an attack on it has amazing sightlines and views of the movementGreenland of these goods. theU.S.A. city and the lake. GETTING THERE Take exit 623 off Hwy. 401 and proceed south on Hwy. 15 to Kingston. Yukon

Northwest Nunavut CONTACT US Territories Telephone: 613-542-7388 British Website: www.forthenry.comNewfoundland Columbia and Labrador

n CanadaCanada Alberta a w e Manitoba h c t a k s Seattle a ENDLESS OPPORTUNITIESS OntarioOntario Quebec P.E.I. Interpretive U.S.A.Programs © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by Nova Scotia The site offers guided tours, historical the Chief Executive Officer of Parks Canada, 2008 reenactments of drill and battle tactics New Brunswick QS-C172-000-EE-A6 R62-308/2008 E ISBN 0-662-26647-1 as well as a garrison store and canteen.Chicago New York Cette publication est aussi disponible en français.

SIGNIFICANCE SW-COC-002543 OurThe origMissioninal Fort Henry was built during the War of 1812. The current fort was Front Cover - Pukaskwa National Park / Willy Waterton Parksbuilt Canada’sbetween 1832 mission and 1837 is to toensure protect that Back Cover - (top to bottom) St. Lawrence Islands National Park / Brian Morin / Parks Canada Canada’sthe naval national dockyard parks, at Point national Frederick, historic Point Pelee National Park / Parks Canada sitesthe andentrance related of the heritage Rideau areasCanal andare protected and presented for this and Bellevue House National Historic Site / Brian Morin / Parks Canada futurethe town generations. of Kingston. As the major Fort George National Historic Site / Brian Morin / Parks Canada Background image: Georgian Bay Islands National Park / Willy Waterton 52 These nationally significant examples of Canada’s natural and cultural heritage reflect Canadian values, identity, and pride. 0305 Eng Covs_.qxd 6/5/08 1:53 PM Page 2

Visitisit thethe nationalnational parks,parks, nationalnational historichistoric sites and national marine conservation areas of Canada in Ontario

Bellevue House National Historic Site Bethune Memorial House National Historic Site Bruce Peninsula National Park Fathom Five National Marine Park Fort George National Historic Site Fort Henry National Historic Site Fort Malden National Historic Site Fort St. Joseph National Historic Site Fort Wellington National Historic Site Georgian Bay Islands National Park HMCS Haida National Historic Site Kingston Fortifications National Historic Site Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area Laurier House National Historic Site Parks Canada Discovery Centre Point Pelee National Park Pukaskwa National Park Queenston Heights National Historic Site Rideau Canal National Historic Site Sault Ste. Marie Canal National Historic Site St. Lawrence Islands National Park Trent–Severn Waterway National Historic Site Woodside National Historic Site