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Bhutan Cultural Atlas Acknowledgements

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Bhutan Cultural Atlas Acknowledgements འ杴ག༌୲༌ལམ༌鮲ོལ༌ས༌޲། Bhutan Cultural ጅ Atlas Gasa Trashi Lhuntse Yangtse Punakha Bumthang Paro Thimphu Wangdue Trongsa Phodrang Haa Monggar Trashigang Tsirang Dagana Pema Samtse Sarpang Zhemgang Samdrup Chhukha Gatshel Jongkhar WWW.BHUTANCULTURALATLAS.ORG Project coordinators Ngawang Jamtsho, Dean of Research, ILCS, Royal University of Bhutan Tenzin Dorji, Acting Dean of Research, ILCS, Royal University of Bhutan Academic coordinator Francoise Pommaret, PhD, Director of Research, CNRS & Adjunct Professor, ILCS, Royal University of Bhutan 9 Audiovisual coordinator Yannick Jooris ILCS audiovisual unit Jamyang Tenzin ILCS Researchers Chencho Tshering Ngawang Jamtsho Sonam Jamtsho Choney Dorji Rinchen Dorji Tashi Dendup Dawa Zangmo Samten Tashi Tobgay Dechen Choney Sangay Phuntsho Tenzin Dargay Jigme Wangdi Sangay Phuntsho (K) Tenzin Dorji Karma Drupchu Sangay Thinley Kinzang Dorji Singye Wangchuk English editors Jude Polsky, ILCS lecturer Matt Robinson, ILCS lecturer Webmaster Li-Ping Ong Donors UNESCO - Delhi & UNESCO World Heritage Centre Oriental Cultural Heritage Sites Protection Alliance, France Implementing Agency The Institute of Language and Culture Studies, Taktse, Trongsa Royal University of Bhutan Layout & Printing Sonam Dorji, Kuensel Corporation Ltd., Thimphu, 2016 Copyrights ILCS - Royal University of Bhutan / Oriental Cultural Heritage Sites Protection Alliance ISBN 978-99936-771-7-8 NIO M O UN IM D R T IA A L • P • W L O A I R D L D N H O E M R I E TA IN G O E • PATRIM United Nations World Educational, Scientific and Heritage Cultural Organization Convention TABLE OF CONTENTS 9 BUMTHANG Monasteries & Temples Prakar Durchoe 10 | Tang Namkha Lhakhang Rabney 11 | Tharpaling Gonpa 12 Sombrang (Sumthrang) Lhakhang 14 | Kunzangdra Gonpa 16| Kurje Lhakhang 18 Dzongs & Palaces Wangdu Choling Palace 22 Cultural facilities Ogyen Choling Museum 26 Daily life - Cuisine Buckwheat Dishes 28 | Alcoholic Drinks 29 Arts & Crafts Weaving 30 31 TRONGSA Religious Festivals, Ceremonies & Rituals Janggola Dralha Solkha 32| Tshepamey Wang 34 Monasteries & Temples Drangla Lhakhang Nyingpa 36 | Nabji Lhakhang 38 Bonbji/Bemji Choeje Ngatshang 41 Dzongs & Palaces Trongsa Dzong 44 | Yungdrung Choling Palace 49 Cultural facilities Ta Dzong Museum 51 Places of Interests Karma Drubdey Palmo Chos Kyi Dingkhang nunnery 53 Arts & Crafts Pottery 55 4 Bhutan Cultural Atlas ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Lungtaen Gyatso Director Institute of Language and Culture Studies Royal University of Bhutan he Institute of Language and Culture Studies (ILCS), a college of the Royal University of Bhutan, has the mandate to preserve and promote Bhutan’s cultural heritage in all its diverse forms. ILCS Toffers formal courses on culture, but it goes further and strives to document and archive Bhutan’s rich culture for posterity. The Bhutan Cultural Atlas (BCA) project is one outcome of this endeavour. BCA contributors research, study, and document the historic, religious, cultural, and contemporary communities of Bhutan. The project was initially funded by UNESCO Delhi and the World Heritage Centre, and later on the Orient Cultural Heritage Sites Protection Alliance (OCHSPA), France, offered to help fund the project, since the aims of BCA befitted their interest and mission. ILCS has thus far documented the tangible and intangible heritage of Bumthang district and Trongsa district. The BCA project has served as a rewarding research opportunity for select faculty members and some senior students, enabling them to upgrade their research skills under the supervision of Dr. Françoise Pommaret, Director of Research CRCAO/CNRS, France, and Adjunct Professor at ILCS. Eventually, BCA aims to provide an informed database for all interested organizations and individuals. The project’s success is the combination of many efforts from all corners of the globe. I thank UNESCO and OCHSPA for their financial support and Dr. Françoise Pommaret for her invaluable guidance and content development. I also wish to thank Ms. Yannick Jooris, Ms. Li-Ping, Mr. Matt Robinson, Ms. Jude Polsky, all the ILCS researchers, and others who have worked tirelessly behind the scene. Once again, I would like to thank everyone involved for their contributions to this project. Tashi delek. Bhutan Cultural Atlas 5 སྔོན་བརྗོད། ལས་འ୴ལ་འ潲ན་སྐྱོང་པ། 鮳ོབ་ངག་དབང་རྒྱ་མཚོ་དང་།鮳ོབ་བ鮟ན་འ潲ན་计ོ་རྗེ། 譲ག་ག筴ང་མཐོ་譲མ་鮳ོབ་གྲྭ།鮟ག་རྩེ།ཀྲོང་གསར། ༉ རྒྱལ་ཁབ་རང་དབང་୲་፼་讟གས་ག罴གས་ཅན་གྱི་ལམ་鮲ོལ་辷་ཁང་དང་ད୼ན་སྡེ་ 讫ོང་ག筲་དང་ཕོ་宲ང་ བྱིན་ཅན་གྱི་གནས་ལ་ སོགས་པ་དང་ ག罴གས་捺ད་ཀྱི་ལམ་鮲ོལ་ག蝴ས་སྒོ་སོ་སོ荲་ནང་ དང་坴་ལས་དར་ཡོད་པ荲་འཆམ་དང་ཞབས་宲ོ་ 辷་གསོལ་དང་ཀླུ་ གསོལ་ 䝴ས་མ᭼ད་དང་དགའ་鮟ོན་བརྩི་སྲུང་ལ་སོགས་པ་ 捲་སྡེ་དང་འབྲེལ་བ荲་鮲ོལ་རྒྱུན་བཟང་པོ་轺་ཤ་ᝲག་དར་ཡོད་捲་歴་ ཕ་ ལས་孴་བརྒྱུད་䝺་ ད་辟ོ荲་བར་ན་ཡང་མ་ཉམས་པར་ཡོད། 䝺་歴་捲་ཉམས་୼ང་འ坺ལ་གཏང་ཐབས་དང་ འ杴ག་୲་ལམ་鮲ོལ་བཟང་པོ་ 歴་འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་སྤྱི荲་捲་དམངས་轴་གསལ་鮟ོན་དང་ 鍺ས་ཡོན་སྤེལ་ཐབས་轴་ 譲ག་ག筴ང་མཐོ་譲མ་鮳ོབ་གྲྭ་୲ས་ རྒྱ་གར་ལྡི་轲་轴་ ཡོད་པ荲་འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་སྤྱི་蝴་佲ས་ͼ་(UNESCO)蝲ག་ཚང་ལས་མ་ད፴ལ་དང་ ལམ་鮟ོན་གྱི་རྒྱབ་སྐྱོར་轺ན་㽺་ སྤྱི་ལོ་༢༠༠༦ལས་ ལམ་鮲ོལ་དང་鮲ོལ་རྒྱུན་ཉམས་❺ན་ཡོད་捲་歴་ 筲བ་འཚོལ་འབད་䝺་ པར་དང་སྦྲགས་མཐོང་ཐོས་འཕྲུལ་譲ག་୲་ཐོག་ལས་ ཐོ་བͼད་ འབད་佲་འ୼་བ杴གས་ᝲ། 辷ག་པར་䝴་ སྤྱི་ལོ་༢༠༡༢ལོ་ལས་ རྒྱལ་སྤྱི་蝴་佲ས་ͼ་蝲ག་ཚང་ལས་ འ杴ག་୲་ལམ་鮲ོལ་ས་޲་བཟོ་佲荲་ མ་ད፴ལ་གྱི་རྒྱབ་སྐྱོར་གནང་པ་ལས་བརྟེན་㽺་ མོ་བཏབ་ཀྱི་ལས་འ୴ལ་སྦེ་ སྤྱི་ལོ་༢༠༡༣ལོ་轴་ 孴མ་ཐང་讫ོང་ཁག་འོག་୲་ལམ་鮲ོལ་ བཟང་པོ་དག་པ་ᝲག་፼ས་འ潲ན་འབད་䝺་ རྒྱབ་ݴངས་筲བ་འཚོལ་འབད་ཐོག་ལས་ གནས་鮟ངས་དང་བཟོ་བͼད་歴་ པར་དང་སྦྲགས་ ཐོ་བͼད་འབད་蝲། འ䝲་୲་鍴ལ་ལས་ སྤྱི་ལོ་༢༠༡༤དང་ ༢༠༡༥୲་ལོ་ནང་ རྒྱལ་སྤྱི་蝴་佲ས་ͼ་(UNESCO)དང་ ꍺ་轺ནས་(Al- liance/OCHSPA)ག❲ས་ཀྱི་མ་ད፴ལ་རྒྱབ་སྐྱོར་ཐོག་ལས་ ཀྲོང་གསར་讫ོང་ཁག་འོག་୲་鮲ོལ་རྒྱུན་བཟང་པོ་ཉམས་❺ན་ཡོད་捲་歴་ གཙོ་譲མ་བཟོ་སྟེ་ 筲བ་འཚོལ་འབད་蝲། ལས་འ୴ལ་གྱི་སྐོར་ལས་杴 འ ག་དང་ཕྱི་捲་ཡོངས་ཀྱིས་鍺ས་ཐབས་轴་ 筲བ་འཚོལ་བསྡུས་དོན་䍴ང་ʹ་譺་ ꍲང་鮐ད་ནང་འབྲི་让ོམ་འབད་䝺་ པར་དང་སྦྲགས་གློག་譲ག་䞲ྭ་མཛོད་ཁ་宱ང་www.bhutanculturalatlas.org ནང་བྱིན་㽺་ཡོད། ལས་འ୴ལ་འ䝲་轴་བརྟེན་㽺་ 筲བ་ འཚོལ་轴་དང་འདོད་ཡོད་捲་譲ག་ག筴ང་མཐོ་譲མ་鮳ོབ་གྲྭ荲་轺གས་བཤད་པ་歴་轴་ 筲བ་འཚོལ་འབད་ཐངས་ཀྱི་譲ག་让ལ་དང་པར་ཆས་དང་ སྒྲ་བ罴ང་འཕྲུལ་ཆས་ལག་轺ན་འཐབ་ཐངས་ གཞན་ཡང་筲བ་འཚོལ་བ᝴ད་དོན་འབྲི་ཐངས་ཀྱི་ སྦྱོང་བ计ར་歴་ཐོབ་སྟེ་ཡོད། ད་譺ས་ལས་འ୴ལ་ 䝺་ᝲག་གྲུབ་འ宲ས་བཏོན་歴གས་捲་䝺་ཡང་ གཙོ་བོ་འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་སྤྱི་蝴་佲ས་ͼ་དང་ ꍺ་轺ནས་蝲ག་ཚང་୲་ཁ་ 䍴ག་ལས་ མ་ད፴ལ་གྱིས་མ་ཚད་པར་筲བ་འཚོལ་དང་ ཐོ་བͼད་ལམ་鮟ོན་གྱི་རྒྱབ་སྐྱོར་གནང་པ་ལས་བརྟེན་ꍲན། ལས་སྡེ་དང་ལས་ བྱེད་འ䍴ས་捲་ཆ་མཉམ་轴་ 譲ག་ག筴ང་མཐོ་譲མ་鮳ོབ་གྲྭ荲་ཁ་䍴ག་ལས་ བཀྲིན་᭺་罺ར་筴་佲་དང་། 辷ག་པར་䝴་ད་譺ས་གྲུབ་འ宲ས་ 鮙ན་筴་୲་୼་བསྡུར་ཞལ་འཛོམས་དོན་轴་ མ་ད፴ལ་གྱི་རྒྱབ་སྐྱོར་ལོགས་魴་གནང་捲་轴་ བཀྲིན་᭺་罺ར་筴་佲་ꍲན། ད་ལས་ཕར་ཡང་མ་ ད፴ལ་དང་ޱད་譲ག་୲་རྒྱབ་སྐྱོར་འ垲ོ་མ䍴ད་䝺་གནང་འོང་མནོ་བ荲་譺་བ་དང་鮨ོན་ལམ་ཡོད།། བཀྲིན་᭺།། 6 Bhutan Cultural Atlas FOREWORD Prof./Dr./Mr. Roland LIN Chih-Hung, Asia and the Pacific Unit, World Heritage Centre, UNESCO & Mr. Etienne Mathieu, President, Orient Cultural Heritage Sites Protection Alliance, France he UNESCO World Heritage Centre, in close collaboration with the UNESCO New Delhi Office, together with the Oriental Cultural Heritage Sites Protection Alliance (NGO, OCHSPA, Paris, TFrance) and their generous financial contribution, have had the pleasure providing their technical support to the Government of Bhutan and related institutions in overseeing the implementation of the 1972 World Heritage Convention, in addition to scientific work concerning Heritage Inventory and Cultural Atlas issues. We have been pleased to see the development of this joint effort be instrumental in enabling the Govt. of Bhutan to finalise and officialize its very first World Heritage Tentative List in 2013 and launching a series of awareness-raising and capacity-building activities on cultural landscape management. This encouraging primary output is hoped to influence the overall improvement of the Bhutanese National Heritage Inventory System (with technical input from the University College, London and with the funding of UNESCO-Korean Funds-In-Trust and OCHSPA funding); to finalise their first National Heritage Laws on Heritage protection (in cooperation with financial support from Kyushu University, Japan) as well as to enable Bhutan to bean active participant in the international dialogue on the Serial Silk Roads World Heritage Nomination Process (with the UNESCO-Korean FIT funding). The 1972 World Heritage Convention defines cultural heritage sites as monuments, groups of buildings; sites or landscapes that possess Outstanding Universal Value from the facets of art, history or ethnology and anthropology. Inspired by this definition, the expert team of Bhutan Cultural Atlas decided to map Bhutanese sites, monuments, buildings and other structures which serve as testimony to “Reflect the cultural and artistic values of a community or the nation of Bhutan”; “Give a sense of identity to a community”; “Reflect the attachment to and a sense collective ownership by the nation or a community of Bhutan”. Today, we are pleased to see the Royal University of Bhutan producing its very first brochure on the Bhutan Cultural Atlas at the Cultural Atlas Workshop which is to beheld this year in Thimphu, Bhutan on 26 April 2016.
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