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Playing with Extremes Origins and Evolution of Exaggerated Female
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 115 (2017) 95–105 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Playing with extremes: Origins and evolution of exaggerated female forelegs MARK in South African Rediviva bees ⁎ Belinda Kahnta,b, , Graham A. Montgomeryc, Elizabeth Murrayc, Michael Kuhlmannd,e, Anton Pauwf, Denis Michezg, Robert J. Paxtona,b, Bryan N. Danforthc a Institute of Biology/General Zoology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany b German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany c Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 3124 Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA d Zoological Museum, Kiel University, Hegewischstr. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany e Dept. of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK f Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa g Laboratoire de Zoologie, Research institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, 7000 Mons, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Despite close ecological interactions between plants and their pollinators, only some highly specialised polli- Molecular phylogenetics nators adapt to a specific host plant trait by evolving a bizarre morphology. Here we investigated the evolution Plant-pollinator interaction of extremely elongated forelegs in females of the South African bee genus Rediviva (Hymenoptera: Melittidae), in Ecological adaptation which long forelegs are hypothesised to be an adaptation for collecting oils from the extended spurs of their Greater cape floristic region Diascia host flowers. We first reconstructed the phylogeny of the genus Rediviva using seven genes and inferred Trait evolution an origin of Rediviva at around 29 MYA (95% HPD = 19.2–40.5), concurrent with the origin and radiation of the Melittidae Succulent Karoo flora. -
Cyperaceae of Puerto Rico. Arturo Gonzalez-Mas Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1964 Cyperaceae of Puerto Rico. Arturo Gonzalez-mas Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Gonzalez-mas, Arturo, "Cyperaceae of Puerto Rico." (1964). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 912. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/912 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 64—8802 microfilmed exactly as received GONZALEZ—MAS, Arturo, 1923- CYPERACEAE OF PUERTO RICO. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1964 B o ta n y University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan CYPERACEAE OF PUERTO RICO A Dissertation I' Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Botany and Plant Pathology by Arturo Gonzalez-Mas B.S., University of Puerto Rico, 1945 M.S., North Carolina State College, 1952 January, 1964 PLEASE NOTE: Not original copy. Small and unreadable print on some maps. Filmed as received. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS, INC. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author wishes to express his sincere gratitude to Dr. Clair A. Brown for his interest, guidance, and encouragement during the course of this investigation and for his helpful criticism in the preparation of the manuscript and illustrations. -
The New York Botanical Garden
Vol. XV DECEMBER, 1914 No. 180 JOURNAL The New York Botanical Garden EDITOR ARLOW BURDETTE STOUT Director of the Laboratories CONTENTS PAGE Index to Volumes I-XV »33 PUBLISHED FOR THE GARDEN AT 41 NORTH QUBKN STRHBT, LANCASTER, PA. THI NEW ERA PRINTING COMPANY OFFICERS 1914 PRESIDENT—W. GILMAN THOMPSON „ „ _ i ANDREW CARNEGIE VICE PRESIDENTS J FRANCIS LYNDE STETSON TREASURER—JAMES A. SCRYMSER SECRETARY—N. L. BRITTON BOARD OF- MANAGERS 1. ELECTED MANAGERS Term expires January, 1915 N. L. BRITTON W. J. MATHESON ANDREW CARNEGIE W GILMAN THOMPSON LEWIS RUTHERFORD MORRIS Term expire January. 1916 THOMAS H. HUBBARD FRANCIS LYNDE STETSON GEORGE W. PERKINS MVLES TIERNEY LOUIS C. TIFFANY Term expire* January, 1917 EDWARD D. ADAMS JAMES A. SCRYMSER ROBERT W. DE FOREST HENRY W. DE FOREST J. P. MORGAN DANIEL GUGGENHEIM 2. EX-OFFICIO MANAGERS THE MAYOR OP THE CITY OF NEW YORK HON. JOHN PURROY MITCHEL THE PRESIDENT OP THE DEPARTMENT OP PUBLIC PARES HON. GEORGE CABOT WARD 3. SCIENTIFIC DIRECTORS PROF. H. H. RUSBY. Chairman EUGENE P. BICKNELL PROF. WILLIAM J. GIES DR. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER PROF. R. A. HARPER THOMAS W. CHURCHILL PROF. JAMES F. KEMP PROF. FREDERIC S. LEE GARDEN STAFF DR. N. L. BRITTON, Director-in-Chief (Development, Administration) DR. W. A. MURRILL, Assistant Director (Administration) DR. JOHN K. SMALL, Head Curator of the Museums (Flowering Plants) DR. P. A. RYDBERG, Curator (Flowering Plants) DR. MARSHALL A. HOWE, Curator (Flowerless Plants) DR. FRED J. SEAVER, Curator (Flowerless Plants) ROBERT S. WILLIAMS, Administrative Assistant PERCY WILSON, Associate Curator DR. FRANCIS W. PENNELL, Associate Curator GEORGE V. -
Champion Pollinators
CHAMPION POLLINATORS by Peter Goldblatt, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri and John C. Manning, Compton Herbarium, National Botanical Institute, Kirstenbosch outhern Africa abounds in coast species Moegistorhynchus Philoliche gulosa and P rostrata, plants that have flowers with longirostris which has a tongue as and several nemestrinids, Slong, slender floral tubes and long as 70 to 80 mm. Several other including six species of the genus in an unusual range of animals flies have tongues up to 40 mm, Prosoeca, one of Stenobasipteron, with long mouthparts that feed on still amazing when one considers and at least two species of the the sugar-rich nectar in genus Moegistorhynchus. the base of the tubes. The These flies with super- animals that feed on the long mouthparts occur nectar, all potential polli- throughout southern nators of these plants, Africa, their collective include sunbirds with range extending from long bills and tongues and southern Namibia to the a variety of different Cape Peninsula in the groups of insects with west, along the elongated mouthparts. mountains of the Among these insects are southern Cape and butterflies and moths, through Lesotho and flies, including bee flies KwaZulu-Natal into (Bombyliidae) and Mpumalanga, Northern acrocerid flies Province and Swaziland. (Acroceridae), and some None of these flies is bees. These flies and bees known from tropical have mouth parts up to Africa, which also seems 8-12 mm long and visit to lack plants associated flowers with floral tubes with long-proboscid fly of moderate length, pollination. usually in the 10-15 mm Our interest in long- range. -
Vegetation Survey of Mount Gorongosa
VEGETATION SURVEY OF MOUNT GORONGOSA Tom Müller, Anthony Mapaura, Bart Wursten, Christopher Chapano, Petra Ballings & Robin Wild 2008 (published 2012) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 23 VEGETATION SURVEY OF MOUNT GORONGOSA Tom Müller, Anthony Mapaura, Bart Wursten, Christopher Chapano, Petra Ballings & Robin Wild 2008 (published 2012) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 23 Biodiversity Foundation for Africa P.O. Box FM730, Famona, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Vegetation Survey of Mt Gorongosa, page 2 SUMMARY Mount Gorongosa is a large inselberg almost 700 sq. km in extent in central Mozambique. With a vertical relief of between 900 and 1400 m above the surrounding plain, the highest point is at 1863 m. The mountain consists of a Lower Zone (mainly below 1100 m altitude) containing settlements and over which the natural vegetation cover has been strongly modified by people, and an Upper Zone in which much of the natural vegetation is still well preserved. Both zones are very important to the hydrology of surrounding areas. Immediately adjacent to the mountain lies Gorongosa National Park, one of Mozambique's main conservation areas. A key issue in recent years has been whether and how to incorporate the upper parts of Mount Gorongosa above 700 m altitude into the existing National Park, which is primarily lowland. [These areas were eventually incorporated into the National Park in 2010.] In recent years the unique biodiversity and scenic beauty of Mount Gorongosa have come under severe threat from the destruction of natural vegetation. This is particularly acute as regards moist evergreen forest, the loss of which has accelerated to alarming proportions. -
Albuca Spiralis
Flowering Plants of Africa A magazine containing colour plates with descriptions of flowering plants of Africa and neighbouring islands Edited by G. Germishuizen with assistance of E. du Plessis and G.S. Condy Volume 62 Pretoria 2011 Editorial Board A. Nicholas University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, RSA D.A. Snijman South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA Referees and other co-workers on this volume H.J. Beentje, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK D. Bridson, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK P. Burgoyne, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA J.E. Burrows, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve & Herbarium, Lydenburg, RSA C.L. Craib, Bryanston, RSA G.D. Duncan, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA E. Figueiredo, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, RSA H.F. Glen, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Durban, RSA P. Goldblatt, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, Missouri, USA G. Goodman-Cron, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, RSA D.J. Goyder, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK A. Grobler, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA R.R. Klopper, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA J. Lavranos, Loulé, Portugal S. Liede-Schumann, Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany J.C. Manning, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA A. Nicholas, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, RSA R.B. Nordenstam, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden B.D. Schrire, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK P. Silveira, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal H. Steyn, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA P. Tilney, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, RSA E.J. -
Palinotaxonomía De Scrophulariaceae Sensu Lato
Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 51 (2) 2016 M. M. Sosa y C. R. Salgado - Palinotaxonomía de ScrophulariaceaeISSN sensu 0373-580 lato X Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 51 (2): 299-321. 2016 VALOR TAXONÓMICO DEL POLEN EN SCROPHULARIACEAE SENSU LATO MARÍA DE LAS MERCEDES SOSA1,3 y CRISTINA R. SALGADO2,3 Resumen: Este trabajo es el resultado del estudio palinomorfológico de 32 especies pertenecientes a 19 géneros de Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. Además se realizó un registro exhaustivo de la información bibliográfica existente sobre la morfología polínica con el objetivo de analizar las relaciones entre las variables palinológicas y la clasificación sistemática actual. Los granos de polen analizados son: mónades, radiosimétricos e isopolares, de tamaño variable desde pequeños (11 µm) hasta medianos (51 µm), predominantemente esferoidales (P/E= 1), a veces suboblatos (P/E= 0,76), oblato-esferoidales (P/E= 0,95), prolatos (P/E=1,63) y perprolatos (P/E= 2,63). Inaperturados, 3-(4-5) colpados, 3-(4-5) colporados, espiraperturados, 2-8 sincolpados, 3-diploporados y pantoporados. La exina puede ser semitectada (retipilada, reticulada o estriada perforada) y tectada (psilada, foveolada, perforada, escábrida, rugulada, verrugosa, granulada, estriada o equinulada). Se realizó un análisis estadístico en base a una matriz de datos, compuesta por los caracteres palinológicos de 32 especies estudiadas sumado a la recopilación bibliográfica de 140 géneros y 218 especies pertenecientes a Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. El análisis de agrupamiento (UPGMA), confirmó que las diferencias palinomorfológicas apoyan la clasificación sistemática actual. Palabras clave: Morfología del polen, sistemática, euripolínico, Scrophulariaceae. Summary: Taxonomic value of pollen in Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. This paper is result of a study of pollen morphology of 32 species belonging to 19 genera of Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. -
Bulletin of the Natural History Museum
ISSN 0968-044 Bulletin of The Natural History Museum THE NATURAL HISTORY 22 KOV 2000 Q6NEKAI LIBRARY THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM VOLUME 30 NUMBER 2 30 NOVEMBER 2000 The Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (formerly: Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) ), instituted in 1949, is issued in four scientific series, Botany, Entomology, Geology (incorporating Mineralogy) and Zoology. The Botany Series is edited in the Museum's Department of Botany Keeper of Botany: Dr R. Bateman Editor of Bulletin: Ms M.J. Short Papers in the Bulletin are primarily the results of research carried out on the unique and ever- growing collections of the Museum, both by the scientific staff and by specialists from elsewhere who make use of the Museum's resources. Many of the papers are works of reference that will remain indispensable for years to come. All papers submitted for publication are subjected to external peer review for acceptance. A volume contains about 160 pages, made up by two numbers, published in the Spring and Autumn. Subscriptions may be placed for one or more of the series on an annual basis. Individual numbers and back numbers can be purchased and a Bulletin catalogue, by series, is available. Orders and enquiries should be sent to: Intercept Ltd. P.O. Box 7 16 Andover Hampshire SP 10 1YG Telephone: (01 264) 334748 Fax: (01264) 334058 Email: [email protected] Internet: http://www.intercept.co.uk Claims for non-receipt of issues of the Bulletin will be met free of charge if received by the Publisher within 6 months for the UK, and 9 months for the rest of the world. -
Lamiales – Synoptical Classification Vers
Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.6.2 (in prog.) Updated: 12 April, 2016 A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales Version 2.6.2 (This is a working document) Compiled by Richard Olmstead With the help of: D. Albach, P. Beardsley, D. Bedigian, B. Bremer, P. Cantino, J. Chau, J. L. Clark, B. Drew, P. Garnock- Jones, S. Grose (Heydler), R. Harley, H.-D. Ihlenfeldt, B. Li, L. Lohmann, S. Mathews, L. McDade, K. Müller, E. Norman, N. O’Leary, B. Oxelman, J. Reveal, R. Scotland, J. Smith, D. Tank, E. Tripp, S. Wagstaff, E. Wallander, A. Weber, A. Wolfe, A. Wortley, N. Young, M. Zjhra, and many others [estimated 25 families, 1041 genera, and ca. 21,878 species in Lamiales] The goal of this project is to produce a working infraordinal classification of the Lamiales to genus with information on distribution and species richness. All recognized taxa will be clades; adherence to Linnaean ranks is optional. Synonymy is very incomplete (comprehensive synonymy is not a goal of the project, but could be incorporated). Although I anticipate producing a publishable version of this classification at a future date, my near- term goal is to produce a web-accessible version, which will be available to the public and which will be updated regularly through input from systematists familiar with taxa within the Lamiales. For further information on the project and to provide information for future versions, please contact R. Olmstead via email at [email protected], or by regular mail at: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA. -
The Naturalized Vascular Plants of Western Australia 1
12 Plant Protection Quarterly Vol.19(1) 2004 Distribution in IBRA Regions Western Australia is divided into 26 The naturalized vascular plants of Western Australia natural regions (Figure 1) that are used for 1: Checklist, environmental weeds and distribution in bioregional planning. Weeds are unevenly distributed in these regions, generally IBRA regions those with the greatest amount of land disturbance and population have the high- Greg Keighery and Vanda Longman, Department of Conservation and Land est number of weeds (Table 4). For exam- Management, WA Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 51, Wanneroo, Western ple in the tropical Kimberley, VB, which Australia 6946, Australia. contains the Ord irrigation area, the major cropping area, has the greatest number of weeds. However, the ‘weediest regions’ are the Swan Coastal Plain (801) and the Abstract naturalized, but are no longer considered adjacent Jarrah Forest (705) which contain There are 1233 naturalized vascular plant naturalized and those taxa recorded as the capital Perth, several other large towns taxa recorded for Western Australia, com- garden escapes. and most of the intensive horticulture of posed of 12 Ferns, 15 Gymnosperms, 345 A second paper will rank the impor- the State. Monocotyledons and 861 Dicotyledons. tance of environmental weeds in each Most of the desert has low numbers of Of these, 677 taxa (55%) are environmen- IBRA region. weeds, ranging from five recorded for the tal weeds, recorded from natural bush- Gibson Desert to 135 for the Carnarvon land areas. Another 94 taxa are listed as Results (containing the horticultural centre of semi-naturalized garden escapes. Most Total naturalized flora Carnarvon). -
Using the Checklist N W C
Using the checklist • The arrangement of the checklist is alphabetical by family followed by genus, grouped under Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons. • All species and synonyms are arranged alphabetically under genus. • Accepted names are in bold print while synonyms or previously-used names are in italics. • In the case of synonyms, the currently used name follows the equals sign (=), and only refers to usage in Zimbabwe. • Distribution information is included under the current name. • The letters N, W, C, E, and S, following each listed taxon, indicate the known distribution of species within Zimbabwe as reflected by specimens in SRGH or cited in the literature. Where the distribution is unknown, we have inserted Distr.? after the taxon name. • All species known or suspected to be fully naturalised in Zimbabwe are included in the list. They are preceded by an asterisk (*). Species only known from planted or garden specimens were not included. Mozambique Zambia Kariba Mt. Darwin Lake Kariba N Victoria Falls Harare C Nyanga Mts. W Mutare Gweru E Bulawayo GREAT DYKEMasvingo Plumtree S Chimanimani Mts. Botswana N Beit Bridge South Africa The floristic regions of Zimbabwe: Central, East, North, South, West. A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants edited by Anthony Mapaura & Jonathan Timberlake Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 • 2004 • Recommended citation format MAPAURA, A. & TIMBERLAKE, J. (eds). 2004. A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants. -
University Microfilms, a XEROX Company , Ann Arbor, Michigan REVISIONARY and POPULATION STUDIES in the AMERICAN
71-27,513 LOWDEN, Richard Max, 1943- REV I SI ONARY AND POPULATION STUDIES IN THE AMERICAN AQUATIC PLANT GENUS PONTEDERIA L. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1971 Botany University Microfilms, A XEROX Company , Ann Arbor, Michigan REVISIONARY AND POPULATION STUDIES IN THE AMERICAN AQUATIC PLANT GENUS PONTEDERIA L- DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Richard Max Lowden* B,A., M.Sc. The Ohio State University 1971 Approved by Adviser Graduate Program in Botany To my Parents for their continued interest in Education ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I have sincerest admiration for my industrious assistant, Rafaela Joaquin, my wife, for the countless hours she rendered to this research in the field and laboratory. The receipt of a Grant-In-Aid of Research from The Society of the Sigma Xi is acknowledged, which en abled me, while carrying out other research, to study populations in British Honduras during December 1969. I am most indebted to the Organization for Tropical Studies, Inc. (OTS) for an introduction to tropical Biology (Costa Rica, summer of 1968) and for granting an OTS Pilot Research Grant F 70-23 (The Ohio State University Research Foundation Project No. 3031-Al) to R. L. Stuckey (Faculty Adviser, Department of Botany, The Ohio State University) and myself (Principal Investigator) for aid in performing the necessary field research in Mexico and Central America during the summer of 1970. To the Graduate Committee of the Department of Botany and the Graduate School Fellowship Committee (The Ohio State University), I am most grateful for the University Dissertation Year Fellowship awarded to me for the completion of this investigation.