Sea Lion Point

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sea Lion Point FACT SHEET: SEA LION POINT ➢ The residents of Sea Lion Point are all South African Fur Seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus). This species is found along the south and southwest coast of southern Africa ➢ The term fur seals and sea lions are traditionally used for 15 different species, including the South African Fur Seal from the family Otariidae but people often use the terms sea lion, fur seal or seal to refer to approximately 35 different species that have been scientifically classified in the sub-order Pinniped ➢ These mammals are anatomically different from the species referred to as seals. Sea Lions have an external ear ➢ Sea lions’ flaps and flippers are much longer, which help them with movement on land ➢ The males in the Sea Lion Point family are known as bulls and the females as cows ➢ South African Fur Seals have a high degree of sexual dimorphism with adult males having greatly enlarged neck and shoulders ➢ Females give birth to a single pup each year ➢ The brown fur seal is the largest and most robust fur seal ➢ Males can differentiate neighboring males from stranger males, responding more aggressively to the vocalisations of strangers ➢ The Cape Fur Seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) and the Australian Fur Seal (A. p. doriferus), are almost identical in both anatomy and behaviour. On 1971 The South African Fur Seal and the Australian Fur Seal were granted subspecific status based on one cranial character and separate geographic ranges ➢ In the resort, there are total of 45 experienced marine mammal specialists who look after the fur seals at Sea Lion Point. Most have degrees in marine biology, psychology and biological science ➢ The Atlantis Marine Mammal Specialists spend nine hours daily working on their relationships with the Sea Lions ➢ On average, the Sea Lion Point family consume between 5-10 kg of fish per day, that’s twice the amount of the 420 guests that dine at Atlantis’ seafood restaurant Ossiano each week ➢ Despite appearing hyperactive and energetic, Sea Lions do love a nap, sleeping an average of 17–32 percent of the day ➢ Despite never being fussy for fish, the Sea Lion Point family do have their favourite dishes. Herring, Smelt, Capelin and Squid all get the best reviews during dinner time .
Recommended publications
  • Mitochondrial Genomes of African Pangolins and Insights Into Evolutionary Patterns and Phylogeny of the Family Manidae Zelda Du Toit1,2, Morné Du Plessis2, Desiré L
    du Toit et al. BMC Genomics (2017) 18:746 DOI 10.1186/s12864-017-4140-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Mitochondrial genomes of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae Zelda du Toit1,2, Morné du Plessis2, Desiré L. Dalton1,2,3*, Raymond Jansen4, J. Paul Grobler1 and Antoinette Kotzé1,2,4 Abstract Background: This study used next generation sequencing to generate the mitogenomes of four African pangolin species; Temminck’s ground pangolin (Smutsia temminckii), giant ground pangolin (S. gigantea), white-bellied pangolin (Phataginus tricuspis) and black-bellied pangolin (P. tetradactyla). Results: The results indicate that the mitogenomes of the African pangolins are 16,558 bp for S. temminckii, 16,540 bp for S. gigantea, 16,649 bp for P. tetradactyla and 16,565 bp for P. tricuspis. Phylogenetic comparisons of the African pangolins indicated two lineages with high posterior probabilities providing evidence to support the classification of two genera; Smutsia and Phataginus. The total GC content between African pangolins was observed to be similar between species (36.5% – 37.3%). The most frequent codon was found to be A or C at the 3rd codon position. Significant variations in GC-content and codon usage were observed for several regions between African and Asian pangolin species which may be attributed to mutation pressure and/or natural selection. Lastly, a total of two insertions of 80 bp and 28 bp in size respectively was observed in the control region of the black-bellied pangolin which were absent in the other African pangolin species. Conclusions: The current study presents reference mitogenomes of all four African pangolin species and thus expands on the current set of reference genomes available for six of the eight extant pangolin species globally and represents the first phylogenetic analysis with six pangolin species using full mitochondrial genomes.
    [Show full text]
  • IAN Symbol Library Catalog
    Overview The IAN symbol libraries currently contain 2976 custom made vector symbols The Libraries Include designed specifically for enhancing science communication skills. Download the complete set or create a custom packaged version. 2976 science/ecology symbols Our aim is to make them a standard resource for scientists, resource managers, 55 albums in 6 categories community groups, and environmentalists worldwide. Easily create diagrammatic representations of complex processes with minimal graphical skills. Currently Vector (SVG & AI) versions downloaded by 91068 users in 245 countries and 50 U.S. states. Raster (PNG) version The IAN Symbol Libraries are provided completely cost and royalty free. Please acknowledge as: Symbols courtesy of the Integration and Application Network (ian.umces.edu/symbols/). Acknowledgements The IAN symbol libraries have been developed by many contributors: Adrian Jones, Alexandra Fries, Amber O'Reilly, Brianne Walsh, Caroline Donovan, Catherine Collier, Catherine Ward, Charlene Afu, Chip Chenery, Christine Thurber, Claire Sbardella, Diana Kleine, Dieter Tracey, Dvorak, Dylan Taillie, Emily Nastase, Ian Hewson, Jamie Testa, Jan Tilden, Jane Hawkey, Jane Thomas, Jason C. Fisher, Joanna Woerner, Kate Boicourt, Kate Moore, Kate Petersen, Kim Kraeer, Kris Beckert, Lana Heydon, Lucy Van Essen-Fishman, Madeline Kelsey, Nicole Lehmer, Sally Bell, Sander Scheffers, Sara Klips, Tim Carruthers, Tina Kister , Tori Agnew, Tracey Saxby, Trisann Bambico. From a variety of institutions, agencies, and companies: Chesapeake
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 15 the Mammals of Angola
    Chapter 15 The Mammals of Angola Pedro Beja, Pedro Vaz Pinto, Luís Veríssimo, Elena Bersacola, Ezequiel Fabiano, Jorge M. Palmeirim, Ara Monadjem, Pedro Monterroso, Magdalena S. Svensson, and Peter John Taylor Abstract Scientific investigations on the mammals of Angola started over 150 years ago, but information remains scarce and scattered, with only one recent published account. Here we provide a synthesis of the mammals of Angola based on a thorough survey of primary and grey literature, as well as recent unpublished records. We present a short history of mammal research, and provide brief information on each species known to occur in the country. Particular attention is given to endemic and near endemic species. We also provide a zoogeographic outline and information on the conservation of Angolan mammals. We found confirmed records for 291 native species, most of which from the orders Rodentia (85), Chiroptera (73), Carnivora (39), and Cetartiodactyla (33). There is a large number of endemic and near endemic species, most of which are rodents or bats. The large diversity of species is favoured by the wide P. Beja (*) CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal CEABN-InBio, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada “Professor Baeta Neves”, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] P. Vaz Pinto Fundação Kissama, Luanda, Angola CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] L. Veríssimo Fundação Kissama, Luanda, Angola e-mail: [email protected] E.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Seals in Coastal Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways at Robberg, South Africa
    The role of seals in coastal hunter-gatherer lifeways at Robberg, South Africa. By Leesha Richardson Supervised by Prof Judith Sealy and Dr Deano Stynder Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Archaeology In the Department of Archaeology Faculty of Science University of Cape Town February 2020 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. Plagiarism Declaration I have used the Harvard convention for citation and referencing. Each contribution from, and quotation in, this thesis from the work(s) of other people has been attributed, and has been cited and referenced. This thesis is my own work: Leesha Richardson RCHLEE003 Date: 8 February 2020 i Abstract Seals were a major dietary item for coastal hunter-gatherers and herders in South Africa. At Nelson Bay Cave (NBC), more than half of the Holocene mammal bones are from Cape Fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus). Previous analyses of the seal assemblage from this site have studied only selected skeletal elements. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of seal remains from selected archaeological levels at Nelson Bay Cave and from the 2007/2008 excavations at nearby Hoffmans/Robberg Cave (HRC). Body part representation and frequency, age distribution and bone modification have been documented to determine the role of seals in the lifeways of hunter-gatherers and pastoralists at Robberg throughout the Holocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of the Expert Panel on a Declared Commercial Fishing Activity
    5 Direct impacts on EPBC Act protected species 49 5.1 Introduction 5 DIRECT There are 241 species (see Appendix 3) protected under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) (EPBC Act) that occur in the area of the Small Pelagic Fishery (SPF). These are comprised of: impacts • 10 pinniped species • 44 cetacean species • Dugong Dugong dugon ON EPBC A • 89 species of seabirds • six marine turtle species CT • nine seasnake species PROTECTE • 13 shark and ray species • 69 teleost species, of which 66 are syngnathids and three are other teleost fish. The data compiled by Tuck et al. (2013) have been used as the primary source to inform the panel’s understanding of the D nature and extent of the direct interactions of mid-water trawling in the SPF with protected species to date. Tuck et al. SPECIES (2013) report on ‘interactions’ with protected species but do not define ‘interaction’. Since the data were compiled from Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA) logbooks and observer records the panel has assumed that the interactions data reported in Tuck et al. (2013) reflect the definition in the memorandum of understanding (MoU) between AFMA and the Department of the Environment. As noted in Section 2.2.3, this definition excludes acoustic disturbance and behavioural changes brought about by habituation to fishing operations, which the panel includes in its definition of ‘direct interactions’ applied to the assessment of the Declared Commercial Fishing Activity (DCFA). As a result Tuck et al. (2013) understate the level of ‘direct interactions’. However, in the absence of any more comprehensive assessment of historical interactions data, the panel has used the information collated by Tuck et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biology of Marine Mammals
    Romero, A. 2009. The Biology of Marine Mammals. The Biology of Marine Mammals Aldemaro Romero, Ph.D. Arkansas State University Jonesboro, AR 2009 2 INTRODUCTION Dear students, 3 Chapter 1 Introduction to Marine Mammals 1.1. Overture Humans have always been fascinated with marine mammals. These creatures have been the basis of mythical tales since Antiquity. For centuries naturalists classified them as fish. Today they are symbols of the environmental movement as well as the source of heated controversies: whether we are dealing with the clubbing pub seals in the Arctic or whaling by industrialized nations, marine mammals continue to be a hot issue in science, politics, economics, and ethics. But if we want to better understand these issues, we need to learn more about marine mammal biology. The problem is that, despite increased research efforts, only in the last two decades we have made significant progress in learning about these creatures. And yet, that knowledge is largely limited to a handful of species because they are either relatively easy to observe in nature or because they can be studied in captivity. Still, because of television documentaries, ‘coffee-table’ books, displays in many aquaria around the world, and a growing whale and dolphin watching industry, people believe that they have a certain familiarity with many species of marine mammals (for more on the relationship between humans and marine mammals such as whales, see Ellis 1991, Forestell 2002). As late as 2002, a new species of beaked whale was being reported (Delbout et al. 2002), in 2003 a new species of baleen whale was described (Wada et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Namibia's Etosha Pan & Skeleton Coast
    Namibia's Etosha Pan & Skeleton Coast Naturetrek Tour Report 30 October - 15 November 2015 Black Rhinoceros Elephant Family Flamingoes at Walvis Bay The desert Report compiled by Rob Mileto Images courtesy of Ingrid William Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Namibia's Etosha Pan & Skeleton Coast Tour Participants: Rob Mileto, Festus Mbinga & Franco Morao (leaders) and 12 Naturetrek clients Day 1 Friday 30th October London Heathrow to Johannesburg We all met up, mostly at the gate, for an uneventful overnight flight to Johannesburg in our double-decker plane Day 2 Saturday 31st October Johannesburg to Namib Grens Farm (via Windhoek) Weather: hot and sunny. The bleary but keen-eyed spotted our first southern African bird, a Rock Martin, from the Johannesburg airport terminal building. After a welcome coffee or two, a further short flight over the Kalahari brought us to Windhoek. Here we met out local guides, Festus and Franco, and were soon aboard our extended Land Rovers that were to be our transport and ‘hides’ for the next two weeks. Then we were off. After passing through Windhoek, we were soon out in the wilds and spotting lots of new birds and mammals like Chacma Baboon, Springbok, Cape Starling, Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill, White- backed Mousebird, Pale Chanting Goshawk and Ostrich. All these distractions meant that we arrived at Namib Grens after dark. The bungalows here are literally built around granite boulders which form some of the walls, and after a hearty farm dinner we retired to our beds amongst the rocks – one complete with a Rock Hyrax stuck in the bath! Day 3 Sunday 1st November Namib Grens to Kulala Weather: hot and sunny.
    [Show full text]
  • Stem Cell Therapy in Pinnipedia with Eye Injuries
    Stem cell therapy in Pinnipedia with eye injuries Word count: 9696 Delphine Boone Student number: 01202627 Supervisor: Prof. dr. Catherine Delesalle Supervisor: Dr. Piet De Laender Supervisor: Dr. Constance De Meeûs A dissertation submitted to Ghent University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Medicine Academic year: 2018 - 2019 Ghent University, its employees and/or students, give no warranty that the information provided in this thesis is accurate or exhaustive, nor that the content of this thesis will not constitute or result in any infringement of third-party rights. Ghent University, its employees and/or students do not accept any liability or responsibility for any use which may be made of the content or information given in the thesis, nor for any reliance which may be placed on any advice or information provided in this thesis Preface With the writing of this word of thanks I put the finishing touches to my thesis after an intensive period of two years. I would like to thank a few people who helped and supported me during this period. To start, Dr. Constance De Meeûs for revising my thesis carefully, always responding fast and enthusiastically and most importantly for giving me great advice. I would like to thank Dr. Piet De Laender for the opportunity to work on this project and help me get in touch with the right people for this thesis. Prof. Dr. Catherine Delesalle for her kind responses and allowing me to work out this topic. Dr. Guy Wouters founder of Fat-Stem Laboratories for providing me freely with stem cell eyedrops.
    [Show full text]
  • List of 28 Orders, 129 Families, 598 Genera and 1121 Species in Mammal Images Library 31 December 2013
    What the American Society of Mammalogists has in the images library LIST OF 28 ORDERS, 129 FAMILIES, 598 GENERA AND 1121 SPECIES IN MAMMAL IMAGES LIBRARY 31 DECEMBER 2013 AFROSORICIDA (5 genera, 5 species) – golden moles and tenrecs CHRYSOCHLORIDAE - golden moles Chrysospalax villosus - Rough-haired Golden Mole TENRECIDAE - tenrecs 1. Echinops telfairi - Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec 2. Hemicentetes semispinosus – Lowland Streaked Tenrec 3. Microgale dobsoni - Dobson’s Shrew Tenrec 4. Tenrec ecaudatus – Tailless Tenrec ARTIODACTYLA (83 genera, 142 species) – paraxonic (mostly even-toed) ungulates ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BOVIDAE (46 genera) - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Addax nasomaculatus - Addax 2. Aepyceros melampus - Impala 3. Alcelaphus buselaphus - Hartebeest 4. Alcelaphus caama – Red Hartebeest 5. Ammotragus lervia - Barbary Sheep 6. Antidorcas marsupialis - Springbok 7. Antilope cervicapra – Blackbuck 8. Beatragus hunter – Hunter’s Hartebeest 9. Bison bison - American Bison 10. Bison bonasus - European Bison 11. Bos frontalis - Gaur 12. Bos javanicus - Banteng 13. Bos taurus -Auroch 14. Boselaphus tragocamelus - Nilgai 15. Bubalus bubalis - Water Buffalo 16. Bubalus depressicornis - Anoa 17. Bubalus quarlesi - Mountain Anoa 18. Budorcas taxicolor - Takin 19. Capra caucasica - Tur 20. Capra falconeri - Markhor 21. Capra hircus - Goat 22. Capra nubiana – Nubian Ibex 23. Capra pyrenaica – Spanish Ibex 24. Capricornis crispus – Japanese Serow 25. Cephalophus jentinki - Jentink's Duiker 26. Cephalophus natalensis – Red Duiker 1 What the American Society of Mammalogists has in the images library 27. Cephalophus niger – Black Duiker 28. Cephalophus rufilatus – Red-flanked Duiker 29. Cephalophus silvicultor - Yellow-backed Duiker 30. Cephalophus zebra - Zebra Duiker 31. Connochaetes gnou - Black Wildebeest 32. Connochaetes taurinus - Blue Wildebeest 33. Damaliscus korrigum – Topi 34.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental DNA Enables Detection of Terrestrial Mammals from Forest Pond Water
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/068551; this version posted August 9, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Environmental DNA enables detection of terrestrial mammals from forest pond water Masayuki Ushio,1, 2 Hisato Fukuda,1 Toshiki Inoue,1 Kobayashi Makoto,3 Osamu Kishida,4 Keiichi Sato,5 Koichi Murata,6, 7 Masato Nikaido,8 Tetsuya Sado,9 Yukuto Sato,10 Masamichi Takeshita,11 Wataru Iwasaki,11 Hiroki Yamanaka,1, 12 Michio Kondoh,1 and Masaki Miya9 1Department of Environmental Solution Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan 2Joint Research Center for Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan 3Teshio Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, 098-2943, Horonobe, Japan 4Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, 053-0035, Japa 5Okinawa Churashima Research Center, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan 6College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan 7Yokohama Zoological Gardens ZOORASIA, 1175-1 Kamishiranecho Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-0001, Japan 8School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan 9Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba 260-8682, Japan 10Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8573, Japan 11Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan 12The Research Center for Satoyama Studies, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan Terrestrial animals must have frequent contact with water to maintain their lives, implying that environmental DNA (eDNA) originating from terrestrial animals should be detectable from places containing water in terrestrial ecosystems.
    [Show full text]
  • Callosities. in Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, Third Edition
    CallosiTIES 157 M.S., Barlow, J., Moore, J.E., Lynch, D., Carswell, L., and Brownell, Weise, M.J., and Costa, D.P. (2007). Total body oxygen stores and phys- R.L. (2015). U.S. Pacific Marine Mammal Stock Assessments: iological diving capacity of California sea lions as a function of age 2014. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS, NOAA-TM-NMFS- and sex. J. Exp. Biol. 210, 278–289. SWFSC-549, 420 p. Wolf, J.B.W., and Trillmich, F. (2008). Kin in space: social viscosity in a García-Aguilar, M.C., and Aurioles-Gamboa, D. (2003). Breeding sea- spatially and genetically substructured network. Proc. R. Soc. B 275, son of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) in the Gulf of 2063–2069. California. Aquat. Mamm. 29, 67–76. García-Rodríguez, F.J., and Aurioles-Gamboa, D. (2004). Spatial and temporal variation in the diet of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Fish. Bull. US 102, CALLOSITIES 47–62. Hernández-Camacho, C., Aurioles-Gamboa, D., Laake, J., and Gerber, VICTORIA J. ROWNTREE C L. (2008). Survival rates of the California sea lion, Zalophus califor- nianus, in Mexico. J. Mamm. 89, 1059–1066. Callosities are patches of thick roughened skin on the heads of right Hernández-Camacho, C., Aurioles-Gamboa, D., Gallo-Reynoso, J.P., and whales (Eubalaena) (Fig. 1a). They were called abnormal growths by Schramm, Y. (2016). Current status of California sea lion in México. whalers but were renamed callosities by Matthews (1938) after their XXXV Reun. Int. para el Est. de Mam. Mar. May 2–5 2016, La Paz BCS, Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • May 16, 2011 Federal Trade Commission Office of the Secretary
    May 16, 2011 Federal Trade Commission Office of the Secretary, Room H–113 (Annex O) 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20580 RE: Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking under the Fur Products Labeling Act; Matter No. P074201 On behalf of the more than 11 million members and supporters of The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), I submit the following comments to be considered regarding the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) advance notice of proposed rulemaking under the federal Fur Products Labeling Act (FPLA), 16 U.S.C. § 69, et seq. The rulemaking is being proposed in response to the Truth in Fur Labeling Act (TFLA), Public Law 111–113, enacted in December 2010, which eliminates the de minimis value exemption from the FPLA, 16 U.S.C. § 69(d), and directs the FTC to initiate a review of the Fur Products Name Guide, 16 C.F.R. 301.0. Thus, the FTC indicated in its notice that it is specifically seeking comment on the Name Guide, though the agency is also generally seeking comment on its fur rules in their entirety. As discussed below, the HSUS believes that there is a continuing need for the fur rules and for more active enforcement of these rules by the FTC. The purpose of the FPLA and the fur rules is to ensure that consumers receive truthful and accurate information about the fur content of the products they are purchasing. Unfortunately, sales of unlabeled and mislabeled fur garments, and inaccurate or misleading advertising of fur garments, remain all too common occurrences in today’s marketplace.
    [Show full text]