DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study on the Energy Efficiency of Polycrystalline Solar Panels

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study on the Energy Efficiency of Polycrystalline Solar Panels International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS) Volume VII, Issue XII, December 2018 | ISSN 2278-2540 A Study on the Energy Efficiency of Polycrystalline Solar Panels Assist Prof Riyad ġĠHAB1, Prof. Yüksel OĞUZ2 1Building Departman, Dazkırı Vocation Scholl, Afyon Kocatepe Unıversty, Turkey 2 Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Afyon Kocatepe Unıversty, Turkey Abstract— Solar panels are one of the most renewable energy sources. The limited reserves of fossil fuels lead people to renewable energy sources. Polycrystalline solar panels are the most preferred solar panel types among the solar panels. Even if the energy production is not as efficient as monocrystallion, it is more preferred because of the ease of production method and cheap cost. In this study, it has been calculated how much energy of the polycrystalline solar panel to be established in Antalya / Turkey which will produce with the package program. In order to calculate this, monthly sunshine duration and monthly radiation values of Antalya province were taken from the meterology general directorate. By using these values, the monocrystalline solar panel shows how much energy is produced on a monthly basis. Keywords— policrystalline solar panel, solar panel, energy, Figure 1 Polycrystalline silicon solar cell. monthly-yearly energy services. The degradation of the electrical properties of the multi- I. INTRODUCTION. crystalline material in proportion to the shrinking vessel size results in a smaller yield compared to the single crystal hen, the semiconductor materials are assembled together (Öztürk 2008). A lot of work has been done in relation to solar to make connections and they are attached to each other T panels. While some of the work is a part of simulation, some by special adhesives. In the latest process, the solar cell is of them are real applications. The degradation of the electrical formed by gluing the anti-reflection glass layer. The properties of the multi-crystalline material in proportion to the polycrystalline silicon is not homogeneous because the shrinking vessel size results in a smaller yield compared to the Czochralsi method or another purification method is not used single crystal (Öztürk 2008). in the production of polycrystalline silicon. Due to the convenience of making polycrystalline silicon, its prices are A lot of work has been done with relation to solar panels. lower than mono-crystalline solar cells. In poly-crystalline While some of the work is a part of the simulation, some of solar cells, if there is glass in the reflection, there is a blue them are real applications [1-30]. color and the reflection glass does not appear in silver. Figure 1 shows the poly-crystalline silicon solar cell. Electrical, A. Solar Panel optical and structural properties of multi-crystalline material; 100 Watt monocrystalline solar panel data was used in the ant the properties of single crystal material are the same. Since system. The technical data of the solar panel is given in the the multi-crystalline material is not pure relative to the single table below. crystal, the veins present in the structure are sometimes wide TABLE I: Technical data of the solar panel and sometimes narrow. The size of the veins is directly proportional to the crystalline quality. The irregularity The high voltage load 17,50 V between the veins plays a significant role, especially in the The high current load 5,72 A transmission of electrical charge carriers. The high open circuit voltage 21,50 V Short circuit current 6,34A Operating temperaturerange -40 - 85 www.ijltemas.in Page 88 International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS) Volume VII, Issue XII, December 2018 | ISSN 2278-2540 B. Sunshine Time and Radiation Value When the monthly radiation values were examined, the highest rate was 6,82, while the lowest one was 1,9 in The two most effective solar panels for solar energy December. Figure 3 shows the monthly average temperature production are solar exposure time and radiation. These two values. factors contribute a lot to the solar panel energy production. The following figures show the monthly sunshine duration 30 28.4 28.4 and radiation values of Antalya / Turkey. 25.3 25.1 25 14 20.5 20.4 20 11.94 16.3 15.4 12 11.54 11.37 15 12.8 11.8 10.7 9.83 10 10 9.62 10 Temperature C Temperature 8.25 7.6 5 8 7.24 6.02 5.87 0 Hour 6 5.05 4.44 4 2 Figure 3 monthly average temperature values 0 In summer the temperature values reach very high values. Especially in July and August there are 28 degrees. The temperature contributes to the energy increase in the solar panels up to a certain level and this is reversed at high temperatures. Figure 1: Monthly Sunbathing Time C. Result When the monthly sunbathing time of Antalya province was examined, there was a sunbathing in the winter of 4,44 hours The energies which produced as a monthlyas are shown in in December. The highest sunshine time was 11.94 hours in Table II. July. These sunbathing times directly affect the energy TABLE I: monthly energies production of the solar panel. Figure 2 shows the monthly radiation values. Monthly The total power generated (W/hr) January 4040,39 8 February 5813,16 6.82 March 7265,11 7 6.46 6.21 6.07 April 10238,37 6 5.41 May 16310,15 5.09 5 June 21834,91 4.31 3.91 July 24724,61 4 August 24572,45 3 Radiation Value Radiation 2.37 2.5 September 18619,25 2.18 1.9 October 10077,48 2 November 7292,45 1 December 4282,53 0 If energy production is carefully examined, it is increasing in summer. Especially in June-July and August energy production is at the highest level. In the winter setting, energy production is minimal. Especially in December and January are at the bottom dip level. The energy produced on a monthly Figure 2 monthly radiation values basis is shown graphically in Figure 4. www.ijltemas.in Page 89 International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS) Volume VII, Issue XII, December 2018 | ISSN 2278-2540 production, June, July and August are 46% of the total. This is The total power almost half the value of energy production. The winter months 30000 of Arlık, January and February are 10% of the total. The biggest reason for this is the time of sunbathing. As the sunshine duration increases, the energy production increases. 25000 II. CONCLUSION 20000 The solar panel has a very variable effect on energy 15000 production. Among them, sunshine duration, radiation values and temperature are at the top. These three factors play an important role in the energy production of the solar panel. In 10000 this study, sunshine duration, radiation values and average temperature values of Antalya Province were obtained from 5000 Meterology General Directorate. The solar panel has a very variable effect on energy 0 production. Among them, sunshine duration, radiation values and temperature are at the top. These three factors play an July May June April important role in the energy production of the solar panel. In March August January October February this study, sunshine duration, radiation values and average December November September temperature values of Antalya Province were obtained from Meterology General Directorate. Figure 4 Energy produced on a monthly basis Annual total energy production is calculated as The monthly energy production graph is the highest 155051,51W / h. The biggest contribution to this energy in the summer months and the lowest in the winter months. production is in June, July and August. In this period, energy The greatest effect of this is the time of sunbathing. In production increases to the highest level with increasing summer, the sunbathing time is the highest, while in winter it sunshine duration. At the same time the average temperature is the lowest. Energy production increases or decreases in is the highest in these months. Ambient temperature benefits parallel with the sunshine duration. Figure 5 shows the value to the energy production of the solar panel to a certain extent, of the monthly energy production in%. while decreasing the energy production at high temperatures. The total power REFERENCES [1]. C. E. C. Nogueira, J. Bedin, R. K. Niedzialkoski, S. N. M. de Souzaand, “Performance Of Monocrystalline And Polycrystalline January Solar Panels In A Water Pumping System In Brazil” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 51, issue C, pages 1610- 5%3%3%4% February 1616, 2015. 6% 5% [2]. A.K. Som, S.M. Al-Alawi, “Evaluation of efficiency and 6% March degradation of mono- and polycrystalline PV modules under outdoor conditions”Renewable Energy, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 12% April 85-91 10% [3]. P. N. Shukla, A. Khare, , “Performance Analysis of May Monocrystalline, Polycrystalline and ThinFilm Type PV Module Technologies”International Journal on Emerging June Technologies5(2): Pages 66-68, 2014. 16% 14% [4]. M. R.Abdelkader, A. Al-Salaymeh, Z. Al-Hamamre, and F.Sharaf July “A Comparative Analysis Of The Performance Of MonocrystallineandMultiycrystalline PV Cells In Semi Arid 16% August Climate Conditions:TheCase Of Jordan”Jordan Journal Of Mechanical And Industrial Engineering,Volume 4 Number 5, September Pages 543-552, 2010. [5]. A. Ghazali, A.M. Rahman, “The Performance Of Three Different Solar Panels For Solar Electricity Applying Solar Tracking Device Under The Malaysian Climate Condition”Energy And Figure 5.% value of monthly energy production Environment Research, Volume 2 Number 1, Pages 235-243, 2012. When Figure 5 is examined, the highest share in [6]. R.B. Bergmann, C. Berge, T.J.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Three-Dimensional Metallo-Dielectric Selective Thermal Emitters With
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC Manuscript post-print for self-archiving purposes Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 134, 22—28 (2015) doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2014.11.017 Three-Dimensional Metallo-Dielectric Selective Thermal Emitters With High-Temperature Stability for Thermophotovoltaic Applications. Moisés Garín a*, David Hernández a, Trifon Trifonov a,b, Ramón Alcubilla a,b a Grup de Recerca en Micro i Nanotecnologies, Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3 Mòdul C4, Barcelona 08034, Spain. b Centre de Recerca en Nanoenginyeria, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Pascual i Vilà 15, Barcelona 08028, Spain. * E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: selective thermal emitters, thermophotovoltaics, photonic crystals, macroporous silicon ABSTRACT Selective thermal emitters concentrate most of their spontaneous emission in a spectral band much narrower than a blackbody. When used in a thermophovoltaic energy conversion system, they become key elements defining both its overall system efficiency and output power. Selective emitters' radiation spectra must be designed to match their accompanying photocell's band gap and, simultaneously, withstand high temperatures (above 1000 K) for long operation times. The advent of nanophotonics has allowed the engineering of very selective emitters and absorbers; however, thermal stability remains a challenge since 1 of 22 nanostructures become unstable at temperatures much below the melting point of the used materials. In this paper we explore an hybrid 3D dielectric-metallic structure that combines the higher thermal stability of a monocrystalline 3D Silicon scaffold with the optical properties of a thin Platinum film conformally deposited on top.
    [Show full text]
  • 15Th Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Modules: Materials and Processes
    A national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future th Proceedings 15 Workshop on Crystalline NREL/BK-520-38573 Silicon Solar Cells and Modules: November 2005 Materials and Processes Extended Abstracts and Papers Workshop Chairman/Editor: B.L. Sopori Program Committee: M. Al-Jassim, J. Kalejs, J. Rand, T. Saitoh, R. Sinton, M. Stavola, R. Swanson, T. Tan, E. Weber, J. Werner, and B. Sopori Vail Cascade Resort Vail, Colorado August 7–10, 2005 NREL is operated by Midwest Research Institute ● Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 th Proceedings 15 Workshop on Crystalline NREL/BK-520-38573 Silicon Solar Cells and Modules: November 2005 Materials and Processes Extended Abstracts and Papers Workshop Chairman/Editor: B.L. Sopori Program Committee: M. Al-Jassim, J. Kalejs, J. Rand, T. Saitoh, R. Sinton, M. Stavola, R. Swanson, T. Tan, E. Weber, J. Werner, and B. Sopori Vail Cascade Resort Vail, Colorado August 7–10, 2005 Prepared under Task No. WO97G400 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or `process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Perovskite Solar Cells with Large Area CVD-Graphene for Tandem
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by HZB Repository 1 Perovskite Solar Cells with Large-Area CVD-Graphene 2 for Tandem Solar Cells 3 Felix Lang *, Marc A. Gluba, Steve Albrecht, Jörg Rappich, Lars Korte, Bernd Rech, and 4 Norbert H. Nickel 5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Institut für Silizium 6 Photovoltaik, Kekuléstr. 5, 12489 Berlin, Germany. 7 8 ABSTRACT: Perovskite solar cells with transparent contacts may be used to compensate 9 thermalization losses of silicon solar cells in tandem devices. This offers a way to outreach 10 stagnating efficiencies. However, perovskite top cells in tandem structures require contact layers 11 with high electrical conductivity and optimal transparency. We address this challenge by 12 implementing large area graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition as highly transparent 13 electrode in perovskite solar cells leading to identical charge collection efficiencies. Electrical 14 performance of solar cells with a graphene-based contact reached those of solar cells with 15 standard gold contacts. The optical transmission by far exceeds that of reference devices and 16 amounts to 64.3 % below the perovskite band gap. Finally, we demonstrate a four terminal 17 tandem device combining a high band gap graphene-contacted perovskite top solar cell 18 (Eg=1.6 eV) with an amorphous/crystalline silicon bottom solar cell (Eg=1.12 eV). 19 1 1 TOC GRAPHIC. 2 3 4 Hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) attracts ever-growing interest 5 for use as a photovoltaic absorber.1 Only recently, Jeon et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Thin Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells Based on Epitaxial Films Grown at 165°C by RF-PECVD
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by HAL-Polytechnique Thin crystalline silicon solar cells based on epitaxial films grown at 165 C by RF-PECVD Romain Cariou, Martin Labrune, Pere Roca I Cabarrocas To cite this version: Romain Cariou, Martin Labrune, Pere Roca I Cabarrocas. Thin crystalline silicon solar cells based on epitaxial films grown at 165 C by RF-PECVD. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Elsevier, 2011, 95 (8), pp.2260-2263. <10.1016/j.solmat.2011.03.038>. <hal-00749873v3> HAL Id: hal-00749873 https://hal-polytechnique.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00749873v3 Submitted on 14 May 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. Thin crystalline silicon solar cells based on epitaxial films grown at 165°C by RF-PECVD Romain Carioua),*, Martin Labrunea),b), P. Roca i Cabarrocasa) aLPICM-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France bTOTAL S.A., Gas & Power, R&D Division, Tour La Fayette, 2 Place des Vosges, La Défense 6, 92 400 Courbevoie, France Keywords Low temperature, Epitaxy; PECVD; Si thin film; Solar cell Abstract We report on heterojunction solar cells whose thin intrinsic crystalline absorber layer has been obtained by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition at 165°C on highly doped p-type (100) crystalline silicon substrates.
    [Show full text]
  • Metal Assisted Synthesis of Single Crystalline Silicon Nanowires At
    dicine e & N om a n n a o t N e f c o h Md Asgar et al., J Nanomed Nanotechnol 2014, 5:4 l n Journal of a o n l o r g u DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000221 y o J ISSN: 2157-7439 Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Research Article Open Access Metal Assisted Synthesis of Single Crystalline Silicon Nanowires at Room Temperature for Photovoltaic Application Md Asgar A1, Hasan M2, Md Huq F3* and Zahid H Mahmood4 1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh, Bangladesh 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Kumargaon, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh 3Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh 4Department of Applied Physics Electronics and Communication Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Abstract Synthesis of single crystalline silicon nanowires (SiNWs) array at room temperature by metal assisted chemical etching and its optical absorption measurements have been reported in this article. It has been confirmed that, SiNWs were formed uniformly on p-type silicon substrate by electroless deposition of Cu and Ag nanoparticles followed by wet chemical etching in (Hydrogen Fluoride) HF based Fe(NO3)3 solution. Synthesized SiNW structures were analyzed and investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer. Formation of SiNWs is evident from the SEM images and morphology of the structures depends upon the concentration of chemical solution and etching time. The synthesized SiNWs have shown strong broadband optical absorption exhibited from UV- spectroscopy. More than 82% absorption of incident radiation is found for Cu treated samples and a maximum of 83% absorption of incident radiation is measured for Ag synthesized samples which is considerably enhanced than that of silicon substrate as they absorbed maximum of 43% of incoming radiation only.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Into Fabrication and Popularization of Organic Thin Film Solar Cells, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 55, 25-30 DOI:10.3303/CET1655005 26
    25 A publication of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS VOL. 55, 2016 The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering Online at www.aidic.it/cet Guest Editors: Tichun Wang, Hongyang Zhang, Lei Tian Copyright © 2016, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l., ISBN 978-88-95608-46-4; ISSN 2283-9216 DOI: 10.3303/CET1655005 Research into Fabrication and Popularization of Organic Thin Film Solar Cells Bin Zhang*a, Yan Lia, Shanlin Qiaob, Le Lic, Zhanwen Wanga a Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, No. 88 Fangxing Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; b Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China c Shijiazhuang Naienph Chemical Technology Co., Ltd, No. 12 Shifang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. [email protected] An analysis was conducted herein on the research status of several popular solar cells at the present stage, including silicon solar cell, thin film photovoltaic cell, and dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). In doing so, we concluded that the current situations provide a favorable objective environment for the popularization of organic thin film solar cells. Finally, we reviewed the merits and demerits of the organic thin film solar cell together with the major research focus on and progress of it, and summarized obstacles to and development trails of the popularization of organic thin film solar cells. 1. Introduction As the energy crisis further deepens in the 21st century, the existing development level for solar cells has already failed to satisfy increasing social demands for energy. This phenomenon is mainly reflected in the costly high-purity silicon solar panels, in the defects at new amorphous silicon (a-Si) during energy conversion, and in the limited theoretical energy conversion efficiency (around 25%) of silicon solar panels as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Thin Film Cdte Photovoltaics and the U.S. Energy Transition in 2020
    Thin Film CdTe Photovoltaics and the U.S. Energy Transition in 2020 QESST Engineering Research Center Arizona State University Massachusetts Institute of Technology Clark A. Miller, Ian Marius Peters, Shivam Zaveri TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary .............................................................................................. 9 I - The Place of Solar Energy in a Low-Carbon Energy Transition ...................... 12 A - The Contribution of Photovoltaic Solar Energy to the Energy Transition .. 14 B - Transition Scenarios .................................................................................. 16 I.B.1 - Decarbonizing California ................................................................... 16 I.B.2 - 100% Renewables in Australia ......................................................... 17 II - PV Performance ............................................................................................. 20 A - Technology Roadmap ................................................................................. 21 II.A.1 - Efficiency ........................................................................................... 22 II.A.2 - Module Cost ...................................................................................... 27 II.A.3 - Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) ....................................................... 29 II.A.4 - Energy Payback Time ........................................................................ 32 B - Hot and Humid Climates ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Crystalline-Silicon Solar Cells for the 21St Century
    May 1999 • NREL/CP-590-26513 Crystalline-Silicon Solar Cells for the 21st Century Y.S. Tsuo, T.H. Wang, and T.F. Ciszek Presented at the Electrochemical Society Annual Meeting Seattle, Washington May 3, 1999 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute ••• Battelle ••• Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-98-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from: Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Prices available by calling 423-576-8401 Available to the public from: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 703-605-6000 or 800-553-6847 or DOE Information Bridge http://www.doe.gov/bridge/home.html Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste CRYSTALLINE-SILICON SOLAR CELLS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY Y.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermal Management of Concentrated Multi-Junction Solar Cells with Graphene-Enhanced Thermal Interface Materials
    applied sciences Article Thermal Management of Concentrated Multi-Junction Solar Cells with Graphene-Enhanced Thermal Interface Materials Mohammed Saadah 1,2, Edward Hernandez 2,3 and Alexander A. Balandin 1,2,3,* 1 Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; [email protected] 2 Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; [email protected] 3 Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-951-827-2351 Academic Editor: Philippe Lambin Received: 20 May 2017; Accepted: 3 June 2017; Published: 7 June 2017 Abstract: We report results of experimental investigation of temperature rise in concentrated multi-junction photovoltaic solar cells with graphene-enhanced thermal interface materials. Graphene and few-layer graphene fillers, produced by a scalable environmentally-friendly liquid-phase exfoliation technique, were incorporated into conventional thermal interface materials. Graphene-enhanced thermal interface materials have been applied between a solar cell and heat sink to improve heat dissipation. The performance of the multi-junction solar cells has been tested using an industry-standard solar simulator under a light concentration of up to 2000 suns. It was found that the application of graphene-enhanced thermal interface materials allows one to reduce the solar cell temperature and increase the open-circuit voltage. We demonstrated that the use of graphene helps in recovering a significant amount of the power loss due to solar cell overheating. The obtained results are important for the development of new technologies for thermal management of concentrated photovoltaic solar cells.
    [Show full text]
  • National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Sweden 2015
    National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Sweden 2015 Prepared by Johan Lindahl Table of contents Table of contents .................................................................................................................. 1 Foreword ............................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4 1 Installation data .................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Applications for Photovoltaics ................................................................................. 5 1.2 Total photovoltaic power installed .......................................................................... 5 1.2.1 Method ........................................................................................................ 5 1.2.2 The Swedish PV market ............................................................................... 5 1.2.3 Swedish PV market segments ..................................................................... 9 1.2.4 The geographical distribution of PV in Sweden .......................................... 10 1.2.5 PV in the broader Swedish energy market .................................................. 12 2 Competitiveness of PV electricity ......................................................................................... 13 2.1 Module
    [Show full text]
  • Solar PV Technology Development Report 2020
    EUR 30504 EN This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contact information Name: Nigel TAYLOR Address: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy Email: [email protected] Name: Maria GETSIOU Address: European Commission DG Research and Innovation, Brussels, Belgium Email: [email protected] EU Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC123157 EUR 30504 EN ISSN 2600-0466 PDF ISBN 978-92-76-27274-8 doi:10.2760/827685 ISSN 1831-9424 (online collection) ISSN 2600-0458 Print ISBN 978-92-76-27275-5 doi:10.2760/215293 ISSN 1018-5593 (print collection) Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020 © European Union, 2020 The reuse policy of the European Commission is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p.
    [Show full text]
  • VIPV Position Paper Final Version.Pdf
    VIPV Position Paper Vehicle-integrated Photovoltaics (VIPV) as a core source for electricity in road transport Lightyear One, 2019 Content 1. Political Context............................................................................................................................... 1 2. Introduction to the VIPV Market ..................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Passenger Cars ............................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Light- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles ..................................................................................................... 5 3. The Motivation for VIPV .................................................................................................................. 6 3.1 General Benefits of VIPV ............................................................................................................... 6 3.2 VIPV Energy Flow Model ............................................................................................................... 8 3.3 Environmental Benefits in Comparison to the German Grid Mix ................................................. 9 4. Requirements and To-Dos for VIPV ............................................................................................... 11 4.1 Important Selection Criteria for VIPV .......................................................................................... 11 4.2 Technological Requirements
    [Show full text]