Management of Radiation Risk IAEA-CN-54/1B
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NUCLEAR SAFETY INFORM ATION CENTRE FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE THIS COPY RADIATION AND SOCIETY: COMPREHENDING RADIATION RISK The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency: AFGHANISTAN HOLY SEE PERU ALBANIA HUNGARY PHILIPPINES ALGERIA ICELAND POLAND ARGENTINA INDIA PORTUGAL ARMENIA INDONESIA QATAR AUSTRALIA IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF ROMANIA AUSTRIA IRAQ RUSSIAN FEDERATION BANGLADESH IRELAND SAUDI ARABIA BELARUS ISRAEL SENEGAL BELGIUM ITALY SIERRA LEONE BOLIVIA JAMAICA SINGAPORE BOSNIA AND JAPAN SLOVAKIA HERZEGOVINA JORDAN SLOVENIA BRAZIL KAZAKHSTAN SOUTH AFRICA BULGARIA KENYA SPAIN CAMBODIA KOREA, REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA CAMEROON KUWAIT SUDAN CANADA LEBANON SWEDEN CHILE LIBERIA SWITZERLAND CHINA LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC COLOMBIA LIECHTENSTEIN THAILAND COSTA RICA LITHUANIA THE FORMER YUGOSLAV COTE D'IVOIRE LUXEMBOURG REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA CROATIA MADAGASCAR TUNISIA CUBA MALAYSIA TURKEY CYPRUS MALI UGANDA CZECH REPUBLIC MARSHALL ISLANDS UKRAINE DENMARK MAURITIUS UNIT¿D ARAB EMIRATES DOMINICAN REPUBLIC MEXICO UNITED KINGDOM OF ECUADOR MONACO GREAT BRITAIN AND EGYPT MONGOLIA NORTHERN IRELAND EL SALVADOR MOROCCO UNITED REPUBLIC ESTONIA MYANMAR OF TANZANIA ETHIOPIA NAMIBIA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FINLAND NETHERLANDS URUGUAY FRANCE NEW ZEALAND UZBEKISTAN GABON NICARAGUA VENEZUELA GEORGIA NIGER VIET NAM GERMANY NIGERIA YEMEN GHANA NORWAY YUGOSLAVIA GREECE PAKISTAN ZAIRE GUATEMALA PANAMA ZAMBIA HAITI PARAGUAY ZIMBABWE The Agency’s Statute was approved on 23 October 1956 by the Conference on the Statute o f the IAEA held at United Nations Headquarters, New York; it entered into force on 29 July 1957. The Head quarters of the Agency are situated in Vienna. Its principal objective is “ to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health and prosperity throughout the world” . © IA E A , 1996 Permission to reproduce or translate the information contained in this publication may be obtained by writing to the International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. Printed by the IAEA in Austria August 1996 STI/PUB/959 PROCEEDINGS SERIES RADIATION AND SOCIETY: COMPREHENDING RADIATION RISK PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND SOCIETY: COM PREHENDING RADIATION RISK ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY AND HELD IN PARIS, 24-28 OCTOBER 1994 V O L U M E 2 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA, 1996 VIC Library Cataloguing in Publication Data International Conference on Radiation and Society : Comprehending Radiation Risk (1994 : Paris, France) Radiation and society : comprehending radiation risk : proceedings of an International Conference on Radiation and Society : Comprehending Radia tion Risk / organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and held in Paris, 24-28 October 1994. — Vienna : The Agency, 1994. 3 v. ; 24 cm. — (Proceedings series, ISSN 0074-1884) STI/PUB/959 ISBN 92-0-103096-7 (v.2) Includes bibliographical references. 1. Radiation— Risk assessment— Congresses. I. International Atom ic Energy Agency. II. Title. III. Series: Proceedings series (International Atomic Energy Agency). VICL 96-00153 FOREWORD An understanding of risk is essential for making optimum choices and for gaining acceptance of the decisions made. Comprehending radiation risk is a challenge for society. In order to explore the subject and to bring about a better understanding of the risks associated with exposure to ionizing radiation, an IA E A international conference on Radiation and Society: Comprehending Radiation Risk, was held from 24 to 28 October 1994. Upon invitation by the Government of France, the conference was held in Paris. It was hosted by the Institut de protection et de sûreté nucléaire (IPSN) and convened at the new conference facilities in the Carrousel du Louvre. This conference was the first major international meeting devoted to the comprehension of radiation risk and the interest was significant. The format of the conference, with ample opportunity for discussion, attracted a large audience of over 400 persons from 50 countries and 8 international organizations, a mixture of techni cal specialists, social scientists, media professionals, and policy and decision makers, including high level officials from national health authorities and regulatory b o d ie s . The plenary programme consisted of three distinct elements: three ‘technical days’, a ‘media day’, and a ‘decision makers day’. Prior to the conference, 12 back ground papers had been prepared to serve as a basis for the technical discussions. In parallel to the plenary sessions, scientific posters were exhibited. The proceedings of the conference are published in three volumes. Volume 1 (issued in July 1994) contains the ten background papers prepared for the conference by Riskkollegiet (Swedish Risk Academy). Volume 2 contains the two background papers prepared for the conference by IP SN , and the text of the poster presentations. Volum e 3 contains the speeches, the ten introductory papers, summaries of the tech nical discussion sessions, the keynote paper on uncertainties in the health impact of environmental pollutants and summaries of the discussions in various forums. EDITORIAL NOTE The Proceedings have been edited by the editorial staff of the IAEA to the extent considered necessary for the reader's assistance. The views expressed remain, however, the responsibility of the named authors or participants. In addition, the views are not necessarily those of the governments o f the nominating Member States or of the nominating organizations. Although great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information contained in this publication, neither the IAEA nor its Member States assume any responsibility for consequences which may arise from its use. The use of particular designations of countries or territories does not imply any judge ment by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal status of such countries or territories, of their authorities and institutions or of the delimitation of their boundaries. The mention of names of specific companies or products (whether or not indicated as registered) does not imply any intention to infringe proprietary rights, nor should it be construed as an endorsement or recommendation on the part of the IAEA. The authors are responsible for having obtained the necessary permission for the IAEA to reproduce, translate or use material from sources already protected by copyrights. Material prepared by authors who are in contractual relation with governments is copyrighted by the IAEA, as publisher, only to the extent permitted by the appropriate national regulations. CONTENTS BACKGROUND PAPERS PREPARED FOR THE CONFERENCE B Y I P S N Management of radiation risk IAEA-CN-54/1B ......................................................... 3 P. Hubert Impact of radiation on the environment (IAEA-CN-54/2B) ................................ 41 D. Robeau POSTER PRESENTATIONS ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION EXPOSURE LEVELS (Technical Session 1) Annual effective radiation doses from natural sources in Moldavia ( I A E A - C N - 5 4 / 3 4 P ) ................................................................................................................ 51 O. Iacob, E. Botezatu, C. Crecea, C. Diaconescu, L. Clain A W orkshop on Harmonization of East-W est Radioactive Pollutant Measurements, Standardization of Techniques and Considerations of Socioeconomic Factors: Report on the Commission of European Communities Workshop held in Budapest, Hungary, A u g u s t 1 9 9 4 ( I A E A - C N -5 4 / 4 1P ) .................................................................................... 5 6 B.R. Orton, D.A. Vorsatz Mid-term radioecological and radiobiological consequences of Chernobyl fallout in an alpine environment (IAEA-CN-54/45P) ...... 6 2 H. Lettner, W. Hofmann, J. Pohl-Riiling, F. Steinhäusler Apport de nouveaux dosimètres électroniques pour la dosimétrie opérationnelle en médecine nucléaire (IAEA-CN-54/49P) ... 68 B. Aubert, A. Lamon, C. Parmentier La protection des intervenants de la maintenance des c e n tra le s n u c lé a ir e s fr a n ç a is e s ( I A E A - C N - 5 4 / 5 2 P ) .......................................... 7 3 R. Dollo Occupational exposure in Japan from 1976 to 1992 (IAEA-CN-54/66P) ... 76 T. Yamaguchi, K. Kawai A study of the radioecological situation in regions adjoining the 30 km zone around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant ( I A E A - C N - 5 4 / 7 1P ) .............................................................................................................. 83 M.D. Bondarkov, I.N. Vishnevsky, N.P. Donets, V.A. Zheltonozhsky, A.A. Sotnikov Evaluation of radiation burdens on the basis of spectrometric a n d r a d io m e tric d ata ( I A E A - C N - 5 4 / 7 2 P ) .................................................................. 8 6 M.D. Bondarkov, I.N. Vishnevsky, N.P. Donets, V.A. Zheltonozhsky, A.A. Sotnikov Are human teeth an indicator of 90Sr contamination? ( I A E A - C N - 5 4 / 8 1 P ) ................................................................................................................ 9 0 E. Botezatu, L. Birleanu Les observations permanentes de la radioactivité de l’IPSN : Evolution du césium 137 dans les aérosols atmosphériques entre 1958 et 1994 (IAEA-CN-54/89P) ..................................................................... 9 3 D. Calmet, P. Bouisset, G. Kerleau, J. Allenou Transfer of radioactive caesium to hunters and their families