DOCSLIB.ORG

Read More About the Book and CPHA Centenary Conference

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Read More About the Book and CPHA Centenary Conference Summer 2010 Volume XXXIV, Number 2 Inside 2 CEO’s Column 6 2010 CPHA Award Winners 15 Student Corner health digest 17 CPHA Policy Corner 18 Partners Around the World CPHA Celebrates 100 Years Young! Turning 100 never looked quite so good as it did this past June as the public health community converged on Toronto to celebrate the Canadian Public Health Association’s centenary. With close to 1,500 delegates registered, the CPHA Centennial conference Public Health in Canada: Shaping the Future Together was the largest national public health gathering in Canada’s history! It was a remarkable four days. We heard from many delegates that the conference program exceeded their expectations. It also provided an interactive meeting ground for public health professionals, researchers, policy-makers, academics and students alike to network and learn from one another. With a tremendous response to the call for abstracts – over 750 abstracts were received – we were able to include 365 oral presentations and 168 Many of CPHA’s Past Presidents were present for the CPHA Centennial Gala posters, all of which built on 5 plenary sessions and 30 planned Dinner. From left to right: Marie Loyer (1981-82), Karen Mills (1985-86), sessions to make up this year’s scientific program. Christina Mills (2002-04), David Butler-Jones (1999-2001), Sandra MacKenzie The conference was kicked off by a panel of eminent (1989-90), Nancy Kotani (1995-96) and Ron de Burger (2007-08). Canadian public health leaders, representing more than three Sandra MacKenzie is wearing the official “chain of office” which was decades of legislative activity, who traced the major milestones refurbished for the centennial celebrations. in the development of national health policy. Panelists included: Promotion and his support for the development of sexual health * The Hon. Marc Lalonde, Minister of National Health and messaging, including unprecedented television advertisements Welfare from 1972 to 1977, who introduced a major that spoke honestly and openly about sexual activity. overhaul of Canada’s social security system and received * As Premier of Saskatchewan from 1991 to 2001, the Hon. international acclaim for the 1974 policy document, A New Roy Romanow introduced a regional health system and Perspective on the Health of Canadians. enacted Canada’s first child benefit program, a precursor to * The Hon. Monique Bégin, Minister of Health from 1977 to the National Child Benefit. He later chaired the Royal 1984, who led the passage and implementation of the Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada. Canada Health Act and more recently was Canada’s * Madeleine Dion Stout represented the voices of Aboriginal Commissioner to the WHO Commission on Social nurses and addressed First Nations, Inuit and Métis health Determinants of Health. issues as a former president of the Aboriginal Nurses * The Hon. Jake Epp’s tenure as Minister of Health from 1984 to Association of Canada. 1989 was marked by the release of the Ottawa Charter for Health ...see Conference Highlights, page 3 Madeleine Dion Stout Roy Romanow Jake Epp Monique Bégin Marc Lalonde CPHA health digest CPHA health digest CEO’S COLUMN Canadian Public Health Association The Vienna Declaration Volume XXXIV, Number 2 Summer 2010 A Global Call to Action for Science-based Drug Policy On June 28, 2010, the International AIDS Society (IAS), the International Centre for Science in Drug Policy (ICSDP) and The CPHA Health Digest the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS (BC-CfE) launched a is an official publication of the Vienna Declaration Canadian Public Health Association global drive for signatories to the , a and is published four times a year. statement seeking to improve community health and safety It is supplied as a CPHA membership by calling for the incorporation of scientific evidence into illicit drug policies. Among those supporting the declaration Debra Lynkowski benefit to members in good standing. Chief Executive Officer and urging others to sign is 2008 Nobel Laureate ISSN 0703-5624 Prof. Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, co-discoverer of HIV. Outside of sub-Saharan Africa, injecting drug use accounts for approximately one in Printed on recycled/recyclable paper three new cases of HIV. In some areas of rapid HIV spread, such as Eastern Europe and Central Asia, injecting drug use is the primary cause of new HIV infections. Legal barriers Publications Mail Agreement No. 40062779. to scientifically proven prevention services such as needle programmes and opioid Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: substitution therapy mean hundreds of thousands of people become infected with HIV Circulation Department and hepatitis C (HCV) every year. Canadian Public Health Association The Vienna Declaration calls on governments and international organizations to 400-1565 Carling Avenue take a number of steps, including: Ottawa, Ontario, K1Z 8R1 Canada • undertake a transparent review of the effectiveness of current drug policies; Tel: 613-725-3769 • implement and evaluate a science-based public health approach to address the Fax: 613-725-9826 harms stemming from illicit drug use; E-mail: [email protected] • scale up evidence-based drug dependence treatment options; • abolish ineffective compulsory drug treatment centres that violate the Universal Executive Managing Editor: Declaration of Human Rights; and Debra Lynkowski • unequivocally endorse and scale up funding for the drug treatment and harm reduction measures endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations. Assistant Editor: The declaration also calls for the meaningful involvement of people who use drugs in Karen Craven developing, monitoring and implementing services and policies that affect their lives. The Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) supports the Vienna Declaration Circulation: because it calls for drug policies to be based on scientifically sound evidence. With Kristine Northey the known link between drug addiction and bloodborne pathogens, there is an Translation: urgency for politicians to enact policies consistent with a public health approach Marie Cousineau using the harm reduction guidelines provided by WHO. For further details and for the full text of the Vienna Declaration, please go to * Mission Statement www.viennadeclaration.com The Canadian Public Health Association is a national, independent, not-for-profit, voluntary association representing public Update Your Online Profile Now health in Canada with links to the Your membership in CPHA gives the Association unparalleled credibility, direction international public health community. and authority, as well as expertise and human resources. Express your interests CPHA’s members believe in universal and and disciplines using a quick online checklist. equitable access to the basic conditions Just log into the CPHA Member Portal at: http://register.cpha.ca/MemberLogin which are necessary to achieve health for and click “Update Interests” or “Update Discipline” in the left-hand menu on your all Canadians. screen. Select from a checklist of 59 items including: Aboriginal Health, Active Living, Addictions/Substance Use, Communicable Disease Control, Food Safety, CPHA’s mission is to constitute a special Geomatics, HIV/AIDS, Mental Health, Nutrition, Water Quality, and many more. national resource in Canada that CPHA uses the Portal to provide members with relevant updates and advocates for the improvement and opportunities such as representation on committees. Your personal information maintenance of personal and community remains confidential and is not shared with other organizations. health according to the public health Enhance your ability to speak out on the public health issues that matter most to principles of disease prevention, health you by completing your online profile today. promotion and protection and healthy If you have any questions, please contact Kristine Northey, CPHA Membership public policy. Services Officer at [email protected] or 613-725-3769, ext. 118. * 2 VOLUME XXXIV, NUMBER 2 CPHA health digest Centennial Conference Highlights Security, solidarity, and systems – three continued from page 1... concerns on the global agenda – “can bring the transnational nature of health issues to While a centenary is a time to celebrate, the attention and agenda of all countries, Canada’s Chief Public Health Officer big and small, rich and poor alike,” said Dr. David Butler-Jones reminded Dr. Tim Evans of the James P. Grant School of participants of the second plenary session Public Health, speaking at the final plenary that each of the 12 Great Achievements of Tim Evans session on Wednesday morning. Dr. Evans the past 100 years point to work that has said health care workers must be trained to yet to be done. Public health can look to respond to the complexities of global health. He suggested the past with great pride, “but we need to mid-career training and shifting the educational paradigm to carry that legacy forward,” Dr. Butler-Jones David Butler-Jones include flexible approaches as good places to start. said. A highlight of the conference Reducing social inequalities, improving was the CPHA Centennial Gala, the health and well-being of First Nations, recognizing excellence in public and tackling international health problems health with the presentation of 15 will be key challenges over the next couple CPHA Honorary Awards and 5 of decades, Dr. Gilles Paradis told Student Awards. For complete participants at the Monday afternoon details, see page 6. Seamus plenary
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Why Must We Have a National Child Care Program?
    CHILDREN: OUR HOPE, YOUR FUTURE CAMPAIGN CHILD CARE LES ENFANTS: NOTRE ESPOIR, VOTRE CAMPAGNE DE GARDE A AVENIR L’ENFANCE Canadian Labour Congress 2841 prom. Riverside Drive Ottawa, Ontario KIV 8X7 1993 Congres du travail du Canada Tel.: (613) 521-3400 Fax: (613) 521-4655 What is Campaign - High quality child care is a solid investment in Canada's future; it supports Child Care 1993? parents in rearing the contributing citizens of the future. - Child care can allow workforce A coalition of national and provincial organi- participation, training and education for zations have joined together to ensure that parents (especially women) from across child care is a high priority in the federal the economic spectrum. Reliable child election campaign. The CAMPAIGN is care reduces work/family stress. organizing activities and carrying out public - High quality child care/early childhood education to ensure that child care is on each education benefits all children, whether or political parties' agenda before, during and not their parents are in the labour force. after the 1993 federal election. - Child care programs provide meaningful employment and create jobs across the country. W - Without a national child care program, hat Its goal is a national solutions to our child care crisis are do child care program piecemeal and inadequate. It is Canada's we supporting a publicly- children who continue to suffer. wa funded system of high quality, nonprofit, - Canada cannot afford to mortgage the nt? comprehensive child healthy development of children to reduce care services and complementary the national debt. parental leave for all children and families in Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Collection: Green, Max: Files Box: 42
    Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Green, Max: Files Folder Title: Briefing International Council of the World Conference on Soviet Jewry 05/12/1988 Box: 42 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ WITHDRAWAL SHEET Ronald Reagan Library Collection Name GREEN, MAX: FILES Withdrawer MID 11/23/2001 File Folder BRIEFING INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL & THE WORLD FOIA CONFERENCE ON SOVIET JEWRY 5/12/88 F03-0020/06 Box Number THOMAS 127 DOC Doc Type Document Description No of Doc Date Restrictions NO Pages 1 NOTES RE PARTICIPANTS 1 ND B6 2 FORM REQUEST FOR APPOINTMENTS 1 5/11/1988 B6 Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)] B-1 National security classified Information [(b)(1) of the FOIA) B-2 Release would disclose Internal personnel rules and practices of an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA) B-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA) B-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial Information [(b)(4) of the FOIA) B-8 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted Invasion of personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA) B-7 Release would disclose Information compiled for law enforcement purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA) B-8 Release would disclose Information concerning the regulation of financial Institutions [(b)(B) of the FOIA) B-9 Release would disclose geological or geophysical Information concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA) C.
    [Show full text]
  • C-6 CANADA YEAR BOOK the Hon. Hedard Robichaud, April 22, 1963
    C-6 CANADA YEAR BOOK The Hon. Hedard Robichaud, April 22, 1963 The Hon. Leonard Stephen Marchand, The Hon. Roger Teillet, April 22, 1963 September 15, 1976 The Hon. Charies Mills Drury, April 22, 1963 The Hon. John Roberts, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Maurice Sauve, February 3, 1964 The Hon. Monique Begin, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Yvon Dupuis, February 3, 1964 The Hon. Jean-Jacques Blais, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Edgar John Benson, June 29, 1964 The Hon. Francis Fox, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Leo Alphonse Joseph Cadieux, The Hon. Anthony Chisholm Abbott, February 15, 1965 September 15, 1976 The Hon. Lawrence T. Pennell, July 7, 1965 The Hon. lona Campagnolo, September 15, 1976 The Hon. Jean-Luc Pepin, July 7, 1965 The Hon. Joseph-Philippe Guay, November 3, 1976 The Hon. Alan Aylesworth Macnaughton, The Hon. John Henry Horner, April 21, 1977 October 25, 1965 The Hon. Norman A. Cafik, September 16, 1977 The Hon. Jean Marchand, December 18, 1965 The Hon. J. Gilles Lamontagne, January 19, 1978 The Hon. Joseph Julien Jean-Pierre Cote, The Hon. John M. Reid, November 24, 1978 December 18, 1965 The Hon. Pierre De Bane, November 24, 1978 TheRt. Hon. John Napier Turner, December 18, 1965 The Rt. Hon. Charles Joseph (Joe) Clark, June 4, 1979 The Rt. Hon. Pierre Elliott Trudeau, April 4, 1967 The Hon. Flora Isabel MacDonald, June 4, 1979 The Hon. Joseph-Jacques-Jean Chretien, April 4, 1967 The Hon. James A. McGrath, June 4, 1979 The Hon. Pauline Vanier, April II, 1967 The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloads/Strategic
    From “friendly relations” to differential fees: A history of international student policy in Canada since World War II by Dale M. McCartney B.A., Simon Fraser University, 2004 M.A., Simon Fraser University, 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Educational Studies) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2020 © Dale M. McCartney, 2020 The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the dissertation entitled: From “friendly relations” to differential fees: A history of international student policy in Canada since World War II submitted by Dale M. McCartney in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Studies Examining Committee: Amy Scott Metcalfe, Educational Studies Co-supervisor Jason Ellis, Educational Studies Co-supervisor Donald Fisher, Educational Studies Supervisory Committee Member Lesley Andres, Educational Studies University Examiner Steven Hugh Lee, History University Examiner ii Abstract This dissertation examines the development of policy related to international undergraduate students in Canada since the end of the Second World War. It draws on archival materials from the federal, British Columbia, and Ontario governments, and seven institutions: the University of Toronto, Carleton University, Wilfrid Laurier University, Seneca College, the University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, and Kwantlen Polytechnic University. The dissertation unearths the initial proto-policies developed by non-governmental agencies that provided services for international students, and examines how the priorities of these service groups were inherited by institutions as the organizations were formally incorporated into universities and colleges.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Partial Histories: Constituting a Conflict between Women's Equality Rights and Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/59c8k7c0 Author Painter, Genevieve Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Partial Histories: Constituting a Conflict between Women's Equality Rights and Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada by Genevieve Painter A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge Professor Calvin K. Morrill, Chair Professor Leti P. Volpp Professor Marianne Constable Fall 2015 Abstract Partial Histories: Constituting a Conflict between Women's Equality Rights and Indigenous Sovereignty in Canada by Genevieve Painter Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy University of California, Berkeley Professor Calvin K. Morrill, Chair This dissertation is a history of an idea, a retelling of a simple story about an idea as a complicated one, and an explanation of the effects of believing the simple story. From 1869 to 1985, to be an Indian in the eyes of the Canadian state – to be a “status Indian” – a person had to have a status Indian father. The Canadian government registered a population of Indigenous people as status Indians and decided that Indian status passed along the male line. If an Indian man married a non-Indian woman, his wife gained status and their children were status Indians. In contrast, if a status Indian woman married a non-Indian man, she lost her Indian status, and her children were not status Indians.
    [Show full text]
  • The First World AIDS Day
    1 On June 5, 1981, the United States Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued its first warning about a relatively rare form of pneumonia among a small group of young gay men in Los Angeles, which was later deter- mined to be AIDS-related. Since that time, tens of millions of people have been infected with HIV worldwide. The Global HIV/AIDS Timeline is designed to serve as an ongoing reference tool for the many political, scientific, cultural, and community developments that have occurred over the history of the epidemic. Started in 1988, World AIDS Day is not just about raising money, but also about increasing awareness, fighting prejudice and improving education. World AIDS Day is important in reminding people that HIV has not gone away, and that there are many things still to be done. ~avert.org, 2006 2 While 1981 is generally referred to as the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, scientists believe that HIV was present years before the first case was brought to public attention. In 1959, The first known case of HIV in a human occurs in a person who died in the Congo, later confirmed as hav- ing HIV infection from his preserved blood samples. The authors of the study did not sequence a full virus from his samples, writing that "attempts to amplify HIV-1 fragments of >300 base pairs were unsuccessful, . Howev- er, after numerous attempts, four shorter sequences were obtained" that represented small portions of two of the six genes of the complete AIDS virus. In New York City, on June 28, 1959, Ardouin Antonio, a 49-year-old Jamaican-American shipping clerk dies of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, a disease closely associated with AIDS.
    [Show full text]
  • Jeministaction
    JeministACTION NEWS FROM THE NATIONAL ACTION COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF WOMEN Action Commhiee on the Status of V'omen A Blour Strect Wei, Sukte 505 Toronto. Ontario MSS 144 DSN 0451-3377 LETIERS CONTENTS A group 1s eligible for membership in NAC ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING Dear ACTION: NAC 1f it has ten or more members and [I am writing to tell you that I NAC Coming of Age subscribes to the stated objectives of Fighting Racism in the *80s, . 2 have written to the Hon. Ramon Hnaty- the organization. Government depart- Shift in Wealth. 2 shyn to demand the repeal of section ments and agencies are not eligible for Lobby & Constituion shuffle , . 3 195.1 of the Criminal Code, after reading membersh1ip. Member groups are entitled NAC's New Executive. 4 NAC's concerns in the March ACTION. to appoint delegates to participate at Ï am proud to be a member of New Policy. the Annual General Meeting and other Getting the Message to NAC and appreciate the work you do general meetings. Member groups shall the Media... on behalf of me and many other Cana- receive the publications and communica- Organizational Review . 6 dians. Thank you. tions of NAC. Meech Lake . ...., . 6 Yours truly, Please send an application form and COMMIIIEE REPORTS information about membership fees for Health... ......., .., , 7 Mary Lou Stanton NAC group membersh1p. Pornography . .. .. .. 7 Newmarket, Ontario International . ,. & Name of Organization: Employment & Economy . 8 Social Services . .. .. .... 9 Prostitution. .. ........ "9 BONNIE ROBICHAUD'S CASE CONIINUES! NAC PUBLICATIONS Privatization . .. .......10 The NAC Executive sends you warmest regards and support for your upcoming REGIONAL REPORTS Supreme Court case.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Conservatives and the Boundary of Politics in Canada and the United States
    SOCIAL CONSERVATIVES AND THE BOUNDARY OF POLITICS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES by James Harold Farney A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science University of Toronto © Copyright by James Harold Farney (2009) SOCIAL CONSERVATIVES AND THE BOUNDARY OF POLITICS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES James Harold Farney Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science University of Toronto 2009 Abstract This dissertation investigates social conservative activism in the American Republican Party and in four parties of the Canadian right: the Progressive Conservative Party, Reform Party, Canadian Alliance Party, and Conservative Party of Canada. While issues like gay and lesbian rights and abortion became politically contentious in both countries during the late 1960s, American social conservatives emerged earlier than their Canadian counterparts and enjoyed considerably more success. Understanding this contrast explains an important part of the difference between Canadian and American politics and explicates a key aspect of modern conservatism in North America. The argument developed here focuses on different norms about the boundary of politics held in right-wing parties in the two countries. Norms are embedded components of institutions that codify the “logic of appropriateness” for actors within a given institution (March and Olsen 1989, 160) and both construct and regulate the identities of political actors (Katzentstein 1996). The recognition of norms has been an important development in organizational theory, but one that has never been applied to modern office-seeking parties (Ware 1996, Berman 1998). ii Qualitative case studies establish that many Republicans understood both sexuality and appeals to religion as politically legitimate throughout the period under investigation.
    [Show full text]
  • ABBREVIATIONS 1R,2R,3R=First, Second, Third Reading Amdts
    ABBREVIATIONS 1r,2r,3r=first, second, third reading amdts=amendments com=committee div=division m=motion neg=negatived qu=question ref=referred rep=report r.a.=Royal Assent st = statement ============================================================================== Acts passed during the Session PUBLIC ACTS Chapter Bill No. Assented to June 14, 1991 25 British Columbia Grain Handling Operations Act C-25 Assented to June 21, 1991 26 Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) Act C-9 27 National Energy Board Act amendment C-2 28 Exporting, Importing, Manufacturing, Buying or Selling of or Other Dealing with Certain Weapons Act C-6 29 Appropriation Act No.2, 1991-92 C-24 Assented to October 2, 1991 30 Public Sector Compensation Act C-29 2 SENATE DEBATES INDEX--1991-92-93 ============================================================================== Assented to October 11, 1991 31 Thunder Bay Grain Handling Operations Act C-37 Assented to October 29, 1991 32 Appointment of Port Warden for the Harbour of Quebec, and to amend and consolidate Acts Relating to Office of Port Warden for the Harbour of Montreal amendment C-14 33 Canadian Wheat Board Act amendment C-23 34 Agricultural Products Marketing Act amendment C-16 35 Postal Services Continuation Act, 1991 C-40 36 National Day of Remembrance Act C-202 Assented to November 26, 1991 37 Railway Act (grain and flour subsidies) amendment C-11 38 Crown Corporations Dissolution or Transfer Authorization Act C-8 Assented to December 5, 1991 39 Canada Labour Code (geographic certification) amendment C-44
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Pat Carney and the Dismantling of the National Energy Program TammyNemeth* ABSTRACT: The Progressive Conservative energy policy initiative of 1984-1985 represented a distinct change not only in how policy was formulated but also in the party's vision of Canada. The Tories endeavoured to decentralize government, encourage cooperative federal-provincial relations, and develop an energy policy outside the bureaucracy through consultation with the oil industry. Patricia Carney played a vital role first as opposition energy critic and then as minister of Energy, Mines and Resources. She emphasized consultation and cooperation with industry and the provinces and accepted most of their input uncritically. These developments are explored through an examination of the policy-making process developed by the Conservatives in opposition, and then put into practice after they took power in 1984. Tuesday, 4 September 1984 ushered in a dramatic change in Canadian politics when the Progressive Conservative party (or pcs), headed by Brian Mulroney, won an overwhelming majority in the federal election. The pcs captured 211 seats out of a possible 282 with 58 of those seats located in Western Canada.1 Although the pcs did not make energy the focus of the 1984 election campaign, energy policy was certainly a priority before, during and after the election. While in opposition from 1980 to 1984 most of the strong and consistent Conservative support was from Western Canada, representing 52 out ofthe total 101 pc seats. Western Canadians believed that the Liberal party's National Energy Program (nep) discriminated against them, and the oil and gas industry viewed the nep as an unnecessary government intrusion into their business: both interests wanted the nep dismantled.2 After Mulroney was elected as leader of the opposition in the spring of 1983, he appointed Patricia (Pat) Carney as opposition Past Imperfect.
    [Show full text]
  • THE EMBARRASSING PREAMBLE? UNDERSTANDING the “SUPREMACY of GOD” and the CHARTER I. INTRODUCTION at the Outset of Canada's
    THE EMBARRASSING PREAMBLE? UNDERSTANDING THE “SUPREMACY OF GOD” AND THE CHARTER JONATHON W. PENNEY† & ROBERT J. DANAY‡ I. INTRODUCTION At the outset of Canada’s most venerated human rights document—the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms1—is a short but profound declaration: “… Canada is founded upon principles that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law.” This reference to the “supremacy of God” and the “rule of law”, of course, appears in the Preamble—the part of the Constitution that the Supreme Court of Canada has called the “grand entrance hall to the castle of the Constitution”,2 wherein “the political theory which the Act embodies” is found.3 Accordingly, the “rule of law” has played a rather remarkable role in the jurisprudence of the courts, most notably the Supreme Court.4 It has been called a “fundamental postulate” of our “constitutional structure”,5 a notion that that comprises “indispensable elements of civilized life”,6 and a principle † Current candidate for M.St. (Oxford) and former Justice Department Counsel. Opinions expressed in this paper are the personal opinions of the author and should not be construed as representing the views or opinions of the Department of Justice or the Government of Canada. ‡ B.Sc. (Toronto), LL.B. (Osgoode), B.C.L. (Oxford), and presently Law Clerk for Deputy Chief Justice Dikgang Moseneke of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. Opinions expressed in this paper are the personal opinions of the author and should not be construed as representing the views or opinions of the Department of Justice or the Government of Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • How Do Governments Decide When Ministers Must Resign?
    GOVERNMENT DECISION-MAKING AND MINISTERIAL RESIGNATIONS DEBUNKING DECISION-MAKING: HOW DO GOVERNMENTS DECIDE WHEN MINSTERS MUST RESIGN? By: ROBERTO P. LEONE, B.A., M.A. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy McMaster University © Copyright Roberto P. Leone, April 2009 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (2009) McMaster University (Political Science) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Debunking Decision-Making: How do governments decide when ministers must resign? AUTHOR: Roberto P. Leone, B.A. (McMaster University) M.A. (University of Guelph) SUPERVISOR: Barbara Wake Carroll NUMBER OF PAGES: x,246 11 ABSTRACT Commentators of parliamentary democracy in Britain and Canada tend to agree that parliament is an old institution that is in desperate need of renewal. Contrary to this perspective, there are those who believe that parliament is an evolving institution which has been susceptible to change over time. Given the disagreement posed above, there is a need to develop a method to measure which side has it right. This dissertation seeks to establish such a method. By using organization theory to explain organizational change, this research will establish both the rationale for why insti.tutions change and the decisions that led to that change. Change is defined as the difference between present organizational configuration from the original. If there is a difference, then change is present. To understand the original configuration of parliamentary institutions, the dissertation looks at "foundational principles" to parliamentary democracy. Of these foundational principles, the doctrine of ministerial responsibility is the one analyzed here. In analyzing government decisions that lead to ministerial resignations, this dissertation builds a decision-making matrix that will compare organizational theories of decision-making and analyze the level of rationality applied when governments decide to require a resignation from one of its members.
    [Show full text]