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NO.4 CARPATHO-RUS, ALLENTOWN, N.J., FEBRUARY 28, 2003 VOL. LXXVi older ones watched with pleasure, Continued from Issue #3 CHRIST Is RIS£H participating as much as they could and never, ever, refusing to help. The From the newspaper MVostok" in 1935, we schoolhouse door was open to everyone, and have the following history of our people. The paper everyone felt free and easy there. was printed by the Greek Catholic Carpatho Russian Benevolent Assoc.' uLiberly': Out-ot-town Russian intellectuals also helped in these cultural matters. For The Great Moravian Kingdom and the example, engineer Sergei Durkot of Krynitsia Hungarians helped in making scenery and in the meetings at the reading room. Ma Emilia The Great Moravian Kingdom was Yanowitska held .cooking c~asses for the girls founded during the first quarter of the ninth and young hou~ewives. Dr. Romanowksi, century. Its capital was Velgrad; its notable then a medical student, conducted a choir princes, Moimir, Rostislav; and the famous during v~cation in 1934. The residents of SViatopblk, who united the Slavic tribes that Hanchowa put up guests who came for the dwelled between the Rivers Drava and Laba. gatherings or for holidays, such as teacher During his reign, the first Slavic alphabet Trokhanowksi and Dr. Hnatishak trom appeared, which enabled Carpathian Russia Krynitsia, or Fr. M. Soboliwski and his family to preserve its nationality to the present day. from Ustye Russke. It was during this time that P. Fetsitsa, one of the best of Lemkos About the middle of the ninth century, and a pupil of mine and my daughter's, completed his studies. the Moravian Prince Sviatopolk and Kotzel, Prince of Pannonia (aftelWards, Hungary) asked the Patriarch Constantinople to send So as not to become enmeshed with ot them teachers of the Christian religion. and also to make some money to help ~e~s: Patriarch Photius sent Cyrill and Methodius. indiViduals and tor social needs, people Methodilis received the Archbishopric of £) ..cpn!11I1--I!:1Ji!!1- P.f J1 morio!TJUln, !)'iJu fa!! in tlie itJJ!lb 1~lli;; Moravia and Pannonia. Saint Cyrill drew up 70Itr "0:&, tIS yOP' %iJ rO.>i: Pll Ilk: UlirdtUlfP rlJiJ·.iw./ulillll Continued on Page 2, Column 1 the Slavic alphabet and translated the Gospel from ",m'plum IIIW&.slro!!ill/l ,!i.dtli. :/olt IIle ,fie :I'iwowr 0/ into the Slavic tongue. fluQf7TJpl UJIl DIu! tlie JafrJl1liolt 0/ tlie 'J t.-1r!.l. Your Editor received the following Appeal The Hungarians, a tribe of Mongolian Continued from Issue #3, 2003 by the Lemko Assoc. in Poland for contributions to race, appeared beyond the Volga Steppes. assist in the cost of producing and filming the With the permission of Prince Sviatopolk, Translated below is the next installment of Action Vis/a tragedy. who gave them guides to lead them through another Lemko viI/age, Hanchowa, and its the whole Russian dominion, they traversed sUff"Ounding area. APPEAL the Russia of those days and entered Pannonia. How Hanchowa Developed Dear Editor, Under the leadership of Arpad, the Hungarians, in the year 885 crossed the Life in Hanchowa After the Consolidation. On behalf of the Board of Lemko Association in Poland, I ask you to publish in princedom of Kiev and in 899 appeared in Karpatska Rus our request- for financial Pannonia, a part of the Great Moravian When the consolidation was assistance to continue the production of a film Kingdom. After persistent fighting which completed in 1931, farming began to aDout the greatest tragedy inflicted on the lasted from '899 1hru 907, the Hungarians improve. With one good sized piece of land Lemko people, "Aksia Visla" in 1947. [the finally seized the eastern part of the Kingdom a farmer could think about improvement, forced deportation, without compensation, of taking away from the Carpathian Slavs their without all that useless running around that thousands of our people from their ancestral rich and cultivated land. had prevailed before. It was now possible for lands with, in many cases, less than 24 hours a man to t.ake a little more interest in notice]. Hungarian Conquest of Carpathian Russia community affairs, for which most Hanchowans were undeniably eager. In this At first Carpathian Russia, then quiet period of village life, the school also . With warm regards, belonging to the Princedom of Kiev, was gradually began to acquire a more social Andrei Kopcha, chief unmolested by the new Kingdom. Her capitol character. The school children gave many Lemko Assoc. Board • * * Uzhorod, lay under the rule of Prince performances, mostly based· on Kachkowski I, personally, am acquainted with Mr. Laboretz, the viceroy of Vladimir, Prince of Society booklets. Kopcha. He is a fine gentleman and experienced Kiev. Either gratitude or the fear of Kiev's great strength kept the Hungarians at peace. The older youths took an active part in theatrical producer and I'm sure he will turn out a They even fell under the higher culture of the social affairs. By 1930, they had already well thought out film. When completed, copies will Slavs. During the entire reign of the organized a theatrical company, which gave be made available to our readers. Contributions Hungarian King Stephen, (997 - 1038) many fine performances. They chose pieces can be sent to our address; P.O. Box 156, triendly relations were upheld with the Kiev that best reflected national and religious life, Allentown, NJ 08501-0156. The total amount will princes. King Andrew, who ruled from 1046 such as "A Shelter in the Carpathians" or "A be sent to the Board of Lemko Assoc. in Poland, - 1061, spent many years in Kiev, prior to his night in Bethlehem". Most of this was done in without any deductIon, and acknowledgments will ascension, and even married AnastaSia, the the winter time, but there also was some in be sent to donors by the Lemko Board in Poland. daughter of Grand Prince Jaroslav the the summer, because in addition to school Thank you. Ed. Wise. presentations there were gatherings at the Kachkowski reading room. The young people got a taste of this kind of culture, while the Continued on Page 3, Column 1 PAGE 2 CARPATHO-RUS FEB.~UARY 28, '2003 Nikifor "Krinitski - Epifan Drowniak Continued from Page 1, Column 2 both Russian and Polish, ·be. taken down and (Has come to the Museum in Zindranowa) replaced by Polish only. We waited a long time, first as began thinking about cooperatives. In respect In those 20 years after the collapse of directors of the Museum for a few years, and to this, the community sent three lads to the Austria, from 1919 to 1939, Lemkos had then as directors of the Museum Association. school on cooperatives in Lvov: Teodor managed to rebuild their farmsteads, to The Lemkivshchina Association in L 'wiw, and Fetsitsa, Seman Khutko, and Ivan Sokol. revive the Kachkowski reading rooms and later the board of Directors of the Lemko Later on, they sent Seman Khutko to high schools for their children, and to Union in Gor/ice, both promised to give our conductor school in Lvov, so they could have organize cooperatives. With their innate Museum a -Nikifor" [our famous folk artist]. their own music teacher. The cooperative intelligence, Lemkos rushed to embrace this But nothing came of those promises. A grew rapidly. My husband was cashier; he culture. Shall this edifice of cultural copper· bronze bust was donated to us, but knew financial matters because he had been development and the striving for a better offiCials of the Lemko Union diverted it to the manager of a milk plant in Zhdynia before tomorrow, disappear? The future will tell. Saints Peter & Paul Uniate church in Krinitsia. World War I. He was very glad to get advice And that's not a bad thing, because Nikifor on managing cooperative businesses from The Year-1939 often prayed in that church. So let the teacher Nikolai Yurkowski, and they spent communicants of that church look at it and many an hour talking about community remember him. matters. Yurkowski often helped us in putting When the War broke out, St. Batiuk, director of the school at Wysowa, became on theatrical plays, because he like that kind The Foundation For Research on of work. inspector of Lemko schools. Now "Ukrainian speech- became the language of instruction. Lemkivshchina in L'wiw helped us acquire plaster plaques of those great religious The 950th anniversary of the Although the War was going on, the front was far away, and here it seemed rather quiet. cultural activists in our history - W. Khiliak the Christening of Rus' was celebrated by putting writer, and Ivan Rusenko, that unmatched up a memorial with an image of st. Vladimir. poet, painter, and teacher. These figures That memorial is still standing today. A great As soon as the Germans attacked the Soviet Union, that same Ukrainian were carved by the late sculptor Wasil many people from Lemko villages attended Odrekhiwski of L'wiw. this celebration, as did many intellectuals from intelligentsia (a creation of Austrian politics, other places, for it showed the true feelings of the new game that began in 1891) raised its In the fall of this year, our Museum our Russian people. head in anticipation that this time they would achieve their -independence". They again had organized a small gathering of sculptors to which we invited the artist Bohdan '_Kowal I also want to note the relationship went to work as they did in the First World of Kalusha, who was born in the village of between Poles and Lemkos during this War. They seized the opportunity to do away Szeczawne-Kulaszne beyond Komancza.