Chamber Volume Development, Metabolic Rates, and Selective Extinction in Cephalopods
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CEPHALOPODS 688 Cephalopods
click for previous page CEPHALOPODS 688 Cephalopods Introduction and GeneralINTRODUCTION Remarks AND GENERAL REMARKS by M.C. Dunning, M.D. Norman, and A.L. Reid iving cephalopods include nautiluses, bobtail and bottle squids, pygmy cuttlefishes, cuttlefishes, Lsquids, and octopuses. While they may not be as diverse a group as other molluscs or as the bony fishes in terms of number of species (about 600 cephalopod species described worldwide), they are very abundant and some reach large sizes. Hence they are of considerable ecological and commercial fisheries importance globally and in the Western Central Pacific. Remarks on MajorREMARKS Groups of CommercialON MAJOR Importance GROUPS OF COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE Nautiluses (Family Nautilidae) Nautiluses are the only living cephalopods with an external shell throughout their life cycle. This shell is divided into chambers by a large number of septae and provides buoyancy to the animal. The animal is housed in the newest chamber. A muscular hood on the dorsal side helps close the aperture when the animal is withdrawn into the shell. Nautiluses have primitive eyes filled with seawater and without lenses. They have arms that are whip-like tentacles arranged in a double crown surrounding the mouth. Although they have no suckers on these arms, mucus associated with them is adherent. Nautiluses are restricted to deeper continental shelf and slope waters of the Indo-West Pacific and are caught by artisanal fishers using baited traps set on the bottom. The flesh is used for food and the shell for the souvenir trade. Specimens are also caught for live export for use in home aquaria and for research purposes. -
Or Early Callovian) Ammonites from Alaska and Montana
Jurassic (Bathonian or Early Callovian) Ammonites From Alaska and Montana By RALPH W. IMLAY SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 374-C Descr$tions and illustrations of ctphalopods of possible late Middle Jurasric (Bathonian) age UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D.C. CONTENTS Page Page C- 1 Age of the faunas-Continued C- 1 Callovian versus Bathonian in Greenland- - - - _ - - _ - - C-2 Callovian versus Bathonian in Alaska and Montana- -- - Stratigraphic summary- __ --______ _ - - - -- - ---.- -- -.- - - C-2 Paleogeographic considerations- - -_-- -- ---- ---- Cook Inlet region, Alaska -______--------.-.--..--c-2 Summation of the evidence- - - _._ _ - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - Iniskin Peninsula-_-_______----.--------~.--C-2 Comparisons with other faunas---------___----------- Peninsula north of Chinitna Bay----- __._ _ _._ - C-3 \Vestern interior of Canada- - - -- -- -____------- --- Talkeetna Mountains ----___-_ - - -- ---- - - -- - -- C-3 Arctic region-_-_---___-_----------------------- Western Montana- - -----__-----------------.---C-5 other regions--__-__-____----------------------- Rocky Mountain front north of the Sun River- (2-5 Geographic distribution ___-___ --- - ---------- ------ -- - Drummond area--- ---_____ _--- -- -.-- ---- -- - C-10 Summary of results- --_-____-_----_---_-_----------- Age ofthe faunas-----------_----------------------- GI0 Systematic descriptions--_ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Evidence from Alaska---____________--------------C-10 Literature cited _-_-_---______----------------------- Evidence from Montana --_-_____ --- - - -- .--- --- - - C-12 Index---__--___-_-_------------------------------- ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 1-3 follow index] PLATE 1. Holcophylloceras, Oecotraustes (Paroecotraustes) ?, and Arctocephalites (Cranocephalites). 2. -
The Middle Jurassic of Western and Northern Europe: Its Subdivisions, Geochronology and Correlations
The Middle Jurassic of western and northern Europe: its subdivisions, geochronology and correlations John H. Callomon The palaeogeographic settings of Denmark and East Greenland during the Middle Jurassic are outlined. They lay in the widespread epicontinental seas that covered much of Europe in the post-Triassic transgression. It was a period of continuing eustatic sea-level rise, with only distant connections to world oceans: to the Pacific, via the narrow Viking Straits between Greenland and Norway and hence the arctic Boreal Sea to the north; and to the subtropical Tethys, via some 1200 km of shelf-seas to the south. The sedimentary history of the region was strongly influenced by two factors: tectonism and climate. Two modes of tectonic movement governed basinal evolution: crustal extension lead- ing to subsidence through rifting, such as in the Viking and Central Grabens of the North Sea; and subcrustal thermal upwelling, leading to domal uplift and the partition of marine basins through emergent physical barriers, as exemplified by the Central North Sea Dome with its associated volcanics. The climatic gradient across the 30º of temperate latitude spanned by the European seas governed biotic diversity and biogeography, finding expression in rock-forming biogenic carbonates that dominate sediments in the south and give way to largely siliciclastic sediments in the north. Geochronology of unrivalled finesse is provided by standard chronostratigraphy based on the biostratigraphy of ammonites. The Middle Jurassic saw the onset of considerable bioprovincial endemisms in these guide-fossils, making it necessary to construct parallel standard zonations for Boreal, Subboreal or NW European and Submediterranean Provinces, of which the NW European zonation provides the primary international standard. -
Nautiloid Shell Morphology
MEMOIR 13 Nautiloid Shell Morphology By ROUSSEAU H. FLOWER STATEBUREAUOFMINESANDMINERALRESOURCES NEWMEXICOINSTITUTEOFMININGANDTECHNOLOGY CAMPUSSTATION SOCORRO, NEWMEXICO MEMOIR 13 Nautiloid Shell Morphology By ROUSSEAU H. FLOIVER 1964 STATEBUREAUOFMINESANDMINERALRESOURCES NEWMEXICOINSTITUTEOFMININGANDTECHNOLOGY CAMPUSSTATION SOCORRO, NEWMEXICO NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING & TECHNOLOGY E. J. Workman, President STATE BUREAU OF MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES Alvin J. Thompson, Director THE REGENTS MEMBERS EXOFFICIO THEHONORABLEJACKM.CAMPBELL ................................ Governor of New Mexico LEONARDDELAY() ................................................... Superintendent of Public Instruction APPOINTEDMEMBERS WILLIAM G. ABBOTT ................................ ................................ ............................... Hobbs EUGENE L. COULSON, M.D ................................................................. Socorro THOMASM.CRAMER ................................ ................................ ................... Carlsbad EVA M. LARRAZOLO (Mrs. Paul F.) ................................................. Albuquerque RICHARDM.ZIMMERLY ................................ ................................ ....... Socorro Published February 1 o, 1964 For Sale by the New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Campus Station, Socorro, N. Mex.—Price $2.50 Contents Page ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION -
Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda)
GFF ISSN: 1103-5897 (Print) 2000-0863 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/sgff20 Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda) Harry Mutvei To cite this article: Harry Mutvei (2016): Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda), GFF, DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2016.1227364 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2016.1227364 Published online: 21 Sep 2016. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=sgff20 Download by: [Dr Harry Mutvei] Date: 21 September 2016, At: 11:07 GFF, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2016.1227364 Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda) Harry Mutvei Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The shell wall in Spirula is composed of prismatic layers, whereas the septa consist of lamello-fibrillar nacre. Received 13 May 2016 The septal neck is holochoanitic and consists of two calcareous layers: the outer lamello-fibrillar nacreous Accepted 23 June 2016 layer that continues from the septum, and the inner pillar layer that covers the inner surface of the septal KEYWORDS neck. The pillar layer probably is a structurally modified simple prisma layer that covers the inner surface of Siphuncular structures; the septal neck in Nautilus. The pillars have a complicated crystalline structure and contain high amount of connecting rings; Spirula; chitinous substance. -
Paleozoic Rocks Antelope Valley Eureka and Nye Counties Nevada
:It k 'I! ' Paleozoic Rocks Antelope Valley Eureka and Nye Counties Nevada GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 423 Paleozoic Rocks of Antelope Valley Eureka and Nye Counties Nevada By CHARLES W. MERRIAM GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 423 P,rinciples of stratigraphy applied in descriptive study of the Central Great Basin Paleozoic column UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D.C. CONTENTS Page Page Silurian system ____________________________________ _ Abstract------------------------------------------- 1 36 Introduction. _____________________________________ _ 2 General features-------------------------------- 36 Geologic setting ______________ ------ ___ --------- 2 Roberts Mountains formation ___________________ _ 37 History of investigation ________________________ _ 5 Lone Mountain dolomite ______ ---_-------------- 39 Purpose and scope _____________ -- ______ ------ --- 6 Devonian system ______________ ---- __ - _- ___ - _------- 41 Acknowledgments ______________________________ _ 6 General features _____________ - ___________ -_----- 41 Geologic structure as related to stratigraphy __________ _ 6 Western Helderberg age limestones of the Monitor Paleontologic studies ______ ..:. _______ ~ ________________ _ 9 · Range ______ - _.- ___ --------------------------- 42 The Paleozoic column at Antelope Valley -
Palaeoecology and Palaeoenvironments of the Middle Jurassic to Lowermost Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation (Bathonian–Ryazanian), Spitsbergen, Svalbard
NORWEGIAN JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY Vol 99 Nr. 1 https://dx.doi.org/10.17850/njg99-1-02 Palaeoecology and palaeoenvironments of the Middle Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation (Bathonian–Ryazanian), Spitsbergen, Svalbard Maayke J. Koevoets1, Øyvind Hammer1 & Crispin T.S. Little2 1Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway. 2School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom. E-mail corresponding author (Maayke J. Koevoets): [email protected] We describe the invertebrate assemblages in the Middle Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous of the Agardhfjellet Formation present in the DH2 rock-core material of Central Spitsbergen (Svalbard). Previous studies of the Agardhfjellet Formation do not accurately reflect the distribution of invertebrates throughout the unit as they were limited to sampling discontinuous intervals at outcrop. The rock-core material shows the benthic bivalve fauna to reflect dysoxic, but not anoxic environments for the Oxfordian–Lower Kimmeridgian interval with sporadic monospecific assemblages of epifaunal bivalves, and more favourable conditions in the Volgian, with major increases in abundance and diversity of Hartwellia sp. assemblages. Overall, the new information from cores shows that abundance, diversity and stratigraphic continuity of the fossil record in the Upper Jurassic of Spitsbergen are considerably higher than indicated in outcrop studies. The inferred life positions and feeding habits of the benthic fauna refine our understanding of the depositional environments of the Agardhfjellet Formation. The pattern of occurrence of the bivalve genera is correlated with published studies of Arctic localities in East Greenland and northern Siberia and shows similarities in palaeoecology with the former but not the latter. -
Late Cretaceous Nautilid Juveniles of Cymatoceras Reussi and Eutrephoceras Aff
SBORNÍK NÁRODNÍHO MUZEA V PRAZE ACTA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Řada B – Přírodní vědy • sv. 70 • 2014 • čís. 3–4 • s. 143–152 Series B – Historia Naturalis • vol. 70 • 2014 • no. 3–4 • pp. 143–152 LATE CRETACEOUS NAUTILID JUVENILES OF CYMATOCERAS REUSSI AND EUTREPHOCERAS AFF. SUBLAEVIGATUM – SCARCE FOSSILS UNDER RISK OF PYRITE DEGRADATION JIŘÍ FRANK JAN SKLENÁŘ BORIS EKRT National Museum, Department of Palaeontology, Václavské náměstí 68, 115 74 Praha 1, the Czech Republic; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Frank, J., Sklenář, J. Ekrt, B. (2014): Late Cretaceous nautilid juveniles of Cymatoceras reussi and Eutrephoceras aff. sublaevigatum – scarce fossils under risk of pyrite degradation. – Acta Mus. Nat. Pragae, Ser. B, Hist. Nat., 70(3-4): 143–152, Praha. ISSN 1804-6479. Abstract. The syntype collection of “Nautilus reussi” has been subject to a detailed revision resulting in confirmation of at least provisional validity of the species represented by a single juvenile specimen. This species, restricted now to the Late Coniacian, is inserted into the genus Cymatoceras Hyatt, 1884. The rest of the collection differs from the original description and is left separately as Eutrephoceras aff. sublaevi- gatum, being considered juveniles of the species. The lithology, geographic and stratigraphic position of the type locality of Cymatoceras reussi (FRITSCH IN FRITSCH ET SCHLÖNBACH, 1872) as well as the other sites are discussed here. The valuable material is endangered due to pyrite degradation as relics of this unstable sulphide are still at present hidden in the secondary limonitic material. The degradation products cause volumetric expansion resulting in formation of crevices and loss of integrity. -
Training Workshop on the Taxonomy of Marine Molluscs Mauritius, October 2017
Training workshop on the taxonomy of marine molluscs Mauritius, October 2017 Introduction IOC Biodiversity and MOI organized a regional workshop in Mauritius in October 2017 for 4 days. The main objective of the workshop were (i) to train regional marine biologists to the taxonomy of molluscs, (ii) to build capacities in the description and identification of molluscs, (iii) to assess the mollusc biodiversity and its evolution in tropical marine ecosystems. Figure 1: Le Bouchon sampling site Material and Methods About 20 participants attended the workshop with about half of them from Mauritius and the others from Madagascar, Comoros, Kenya and Tanzania. The workshop was led by an Australian expert. The workshop followed these 3 steps: - Day 1: Formal classroom training about taxonomy, molluscs and shells features. Generals information slide about molluscs were projected. - Day 2: Field sampling in Mauritius at Le Bouchon (South-east coast). The sampling was performed in various biotopes provided at the location: beach, rocky shore, mangrove and lagoon. Lagoon itself provided various environments (live coral, rubbles, sand, grass, silt). Some samplers were on foot and other snorkelling. The only method used was hand picking of shells during one hour. Shells were either dead (empty or crabbed) or alive with limitation of 1 specimen per species. The objective of the sampling was not quantitative but qualitative. The shells have been washed and put to dry in the lab after the field collection. - Day 3-4: Analysis of the samples sorted and numbered by kind and appearance. Participants had to write a description of as many species as they could in group of 2-3. -
Memorial to Brian Frederick Glenister
Memorial to Brian Frederick Glenister (1928–2012) DESMOND COLLINS 501-437 Roncesvalles Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M6R 3B9, Canada GILBERT KLAPPER Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA W.W. NASSICHUK Geological Survey of Canada, 3303 33rd Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2L 2A7, Canada HOLMES SEMKEN Department of Geoscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA CLAUDE SPINOSA Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725 Brian F. Glenister, 83, a leading researcher on Paleozoic ammonoids, passed away on 7 June 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona. He was an influential member of the International Stratigraphic Commission and several of its subcommissions, led many seminars on Holocene lithofacies and molluscan biofacies in Florida Bay, and was an inspiring teacher for almost forty years at The University of Iowa in Iowa City. Brian was born in Albany, Western Australia on 28 September 1928 into a large family whose father died four years later. He was then raised by his eldest sister but also encouraged greatly in his studies by his mother. He attended the University of Western Australia in Perth, where he received a B.Sc., majoring in physics in 1948. Brian had taken an introductory geology course in order to fulfill requirements for the degree, and decided that he Brian Glenister at the Conklin Quarry in the liked it enough to switch to geology at the first opportunity, Middle Devonian Cedar Valley Limestone near so he took a postgraduate year of geology courses in Perth Iowa City, 1964, courtesy Desmond Collins. in 1949. In 1950, he enrolled in the M.Sc. -
Devonian and Carboniferous Pre-Stephanian Rocks from the Pyrenees
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositorio da Universidade da Coruña 1 Published In García-López, S. and Bastida, F. (eds). Palaeozoic conodonts from northern Spain: Eight International Conodont Symposium held in Europe. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Serie Cuadernos del Museo Geominero 1, (2002), pp. 367-389. Madrid (438p.). ISBN: 84-74840-446-5. Devonian and Carboniferous pre-Stephanian rocks from the Pyrenees J. SANZ-LÓPEZ Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad de A Coruña. Paseo de Ronda 47, 15011 A Coruña (Spain). [email protected] ABSTRACT A stratigraphic description of the Devonian and Carboniferous pre-Variscan rocks of the Pyrenees is presented. The successions are grouped into sedimentary domains that replace the “facies areas” proposed by previous authors for areas with homogeneous stratigraphy. The description of the sedimentary filling is divided into temporal intervals, where the previous stratigraphic correlation, based on lithological criteria, is supplemented by faunal data, especially conodont findings. A simple palaeogeographic model of the sedimentation during the Upper Palaeozoic and data related to southern boundary between the Pyrenean basin and the Cantabro-Ebroian Massif are discussed. Keywords: Devonian, Carboniferous, conodonts, Pyrenees, stratigraphy. RESUMEN Se ha realizado una descripción estratigráfica de las rocas devónicas y carboníferas pre- variscas de los Pirineos. Las sucesiones son agrupadas en dominios sedimentarios que sustituyen a las “áreas de facies” propuestas por los autores previos para zonas con una estratigrafía homogénea. La descripción del relleno sedimentario está dividida en intervalos de tiempo, donde la correlación estratigráfica basada en criterios litológicos está incrementada por los datos faunísticos, sobre todo los hallazgos de conodontos. -
Spineless Spineless Rachael Kemp and Jonathan E
Spineless Status and trends of the world’s invertebrates Edited by Ben Collen, Monika Böhm, Rachael Kemp and Jonathan E. M. Baillie Spineless Spineless Status and trends of the world’s invertebrates of the world’s Status and trends Spineless Status and trends of the world’s invertebrates Edited by Ben Collen, Monika Böhm, Rachael Kemp and Jonathan E. M. Baillie Disclaimer The designation of the geographic entities in this report, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expressions of any opinion on the part of ZSL, IUCN or Wildscreen concerning the legal status of any country, territory, area, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Citation Collen B, Böhm M, Kemp R & Baillie JEM (2012) Spineless: status and trends of the world’s invertebrates. Zoological Society of London, United Kingdom ISBN 978-0-900881-68-8 Spineless: status and trends of the world’s invertebrates (paperback) 978-0-900881-70-1 Spineless: status and trends of the world’s invertebrates (online version) Editors Ben Collen, Monika Böhm, Rachael Kemp and Jonathan E. M. Baillie Zoological Society of London Founded in 1826, the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is an international scientifi c, conservation and educational charity: our key role is the conservation of animals and their habitats. www.zsl.org International Union for Conservation of Nature International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) helps the world fi nd pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. www.iucn.org Wildscreen Wildscreen is a UK-based charity, whose mission is to use the power of wildlife imagery to inspire the global community to discover, value and protect the natural world.