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Missionary Sisters of Saint Charles Borromeo - Scalabrinians

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Missionary Sisters of Saint Charles Borromeo - Scalabrinians In this first volume of the history of the Missionary Sisters of Saint Charles – Scalabrinians that covers the period of 1895 – 1934, Sister Lice Maria Signor dedicates herself patiently in giving an attractive and documented form, the historical path of the MSCS Congregation and does it under diverse aspects: social, economic, political, cultural, ecclesial and religious. It is evidenced her determination in looking at the elements to construct our history and to show how the existence of the MSCS Sisters Congregation, is a historic/missionary path of evangelic service to the migrants, that become the incarnation of the words of Jesus Christ: “I was a stranger and you welcomed me” (Mt. 25,35). “Seeds emigrate on the wings of the wind, plants emigrate from continent to continent, carried by the water currents, birds and animals emigrate, but more than all, man emigrates, now in a collective form, now in an isolated form but always an instrument of that Providence that presides over the destiny of humans and guides them, also by catastrophes, for the final goal, that of perfectioning man over the land and the glory of God in the heavens” (Scalabrini). Lice Maria Signor Missionary Sisters of Saint Charles Borromeo - Scalabrinians 1895-1934 Volume I CSEM – Centro Scalabriniano de Estudos Migratórios (Scalabrinian Center of Migratory Studies) Brasilia/DF – Brasilia/Federal District 2 3 Original Title : Irmãs Missionárias de São Carlos, Scalabrinianas 1895-1934 Volume I Published in 2005 by CSEM – Centro Scalabriniano de Estudos Migratórios SRTVN 702 Conjunto P Ed. Brasília Radio Center – Sobrelojas 1 e 2 70719-900 – Brasília/DF – Brasil Email: [email protected] www.csem.org.br Tel.: 0055. 61. 3327 0669 Translator : Sister Melanie Marie Hester, mscs Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of Saint Charles Borromeo – Scalabrinians Via Monte del Gallo, 68 00165 - Rome – Italy www.scalabriniane.org 4 INDICE PRESENTATION ................................................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 8 THE FOUNDING PROCESS OF THE CONGREGATION ........................................................... 11 1.1 Conjunctural features during the founding period of the Institute ....................................... 12 1.1.1 Economic picture ................................................................................................................. 12 1.1.2 Political changes ................................................................................................................... 13 1.1.3 Cultural process ................................................................................................................... 15 1.1.4 Social changes ....................................................................................................................... 17 1.1.5 Italian-Brazilian context of ninteenth century................................................................... 19 1.2 Foundation of the congregation of the Missionary Sisters of St. Charles, Scalabrinians .... 22 1.2.1 John Baptist Scalabrini’s Socio-pastoral Project .............................................................. 22 1.2.2 Demands of complementarity ............................................................................................. 28 1.2.3 Father Joseph Marchetti ..................................................................................................... 32 1.2.4 From Camaiore to Piacenza ................................................................................................ 35 1.2.5 The act the founding of the Institute .................................................................................. 38 1.3. MSCS Sister’s physionomy ....................................................................................................... 41 1.3.1 Pastoral premises during the Genoa-Santos crossing ....................................................... 41 1.3.2 Christopher Columbus Orphanage, Sao Paulo ................................................................. 43 1.3.3 The religious-apostolic identity of the MSCS Sister ......................................................... 47 1.3.4 Pastoral model of the Church in Brazil, The answer of the MSCS Sister ...................... 57 1.3.5 Scalabrini’s pastoral visits to the United States and Brazil ............................................. 61 Internal reorganization and expansion of the Institute…………………………………. 75 Pastoral contribution of the MSCS Sister………………………………………………... 75 2.1 Historical context in the reorganization period and the beginning of the expansion of the Institute 76 2.1.1 The world in the period of 1907-1920 ................................................................................. 76 2.1.2 The Church and the world situation .................................................................................. 79 2.1.3 Human mobility, statistics and ecclesial initiatives ........................................................... 82 2.1.4 Brazil: reflexes on the situation .......................................................................................... 85 2.1.5 Feminism, demands and conquests .................................................................................... 87 2.2 Internal reorganization and being a part of the Feminine Scalabrinian Institute ................ 91 2.2.1 Reorganization of the Feminine Scalabrinian Congregation ........................................... 91 2.2.2 Constitutions of 1914 ........................................................................................................... 93 2.2.3 Mother Assunta Marchetti, 1912-1918 ............................................................................... 96 2.2.4 Administration and economy .............................................................................................. 99 2.2.5 Belonging to the MSCS Congregation ............................................................................. 103 2.3 Missionary expansion of the institute and the pastoral contribution of the MSCS Sister . 106 2.3.1 Christopher Columbus Orphanage, 25 th anniversary of foundation ............................ 106 2.3.2 Missionary expansion of the Feminine Scalabrinian Congregation .............................. 109 2.3.3 MSCS pastoral model ........................................................................................................ 113 2.3.4 The feminine in the Scalabrinian endeavers .................................................................... 116 2.3.5 Contribution of the MSCS Sister in preserving the Catholic faith and in the integration process of the Italian immigrant in Brazil ................................................................................ 120 Identity crises and the apostolic See´s intervention in the MSCS Congregation .......................... 126 Consolidation and the decree of recognition of the Feminine Scalabrinian Institute .................. 126 5 3.1 Aspects of the international situation in the period of consolidation and Pontifical recognition of the MSCS Congregation. ....................................................................................... 127 3.1.1 The world between two wars ............................................................................................. 127 3.1.2 Pius XI’s pontificate ........................................................................................................... 129 3.1.3 Brazil: transformations during the period of 1920-1934 ................................................ 131 3.1.4 Post war human mobility .................................................................................................. 133 3.2 Identity Crises and the Apostolic See´s intervention in the Feminine Scalabrinian Institute 137 3.2.1 Mother Antonietta Fontana’s six years term, 1918-1924 ............................................... 137 3.2.2 The First General Chapter of the MSCS Congregation, 1924 ....................................... 141 3.2.3 Identity crisis and the Apostolic See´s intervention ........................................................ 143 3.2.4 Amleto Giovanni Cicognani's apostolic visit ................................................................... 147 3.2.5 Restructuring of the Feminine Scalabrinian Institute .................................................... 155 3.3 Consolidation, expansion and pontifical recognition of the Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of St. Charles - Scalabrinians .......................................................................................... 159 3.3.1 Mother Assunta Marchetti, 1927-1935 ............................................................................. 159 3.3.2 MSCS stability and missionary expansion ....................................................................... 164 3.3.3 MSCS Congregational pastoral options ........................................................................... 168 3.3.4 Compilation and approval of the new constitutions, 1934 ............................................. 175 3.3.5 Pontifical recognition of the Feminine Scalabrinian Institute ....................................... 178 CONCLUDING REMARKS ............................................................................................................. 185 AUTHOR ............................................................................................................................................
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